CN107233762B - Iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107233762B CN107233762B CN201710485365.1A CN201710485365A CN107233762B CN 107233762 B CN107233762 B CN 107233762B CN 201710485365 A CN201710485365 A CN 201710485365A CN 107233762 B CN107233762 B CN 107233762B
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- peony
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/003—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of liquids
- B01D36/006—Purge means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
Abstract
The invention provides an iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of pollution ion filtration. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column consists of an upper PP cotton layer, a treated peony residue layer, an activated carbon layer and a lower PP cotton layer from top to bottom respectively; the treated peony residue is obtained by sequentially soaking the peony residue in an ethanol solution, diethyl ether and carbon tetrachloride. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple preparation and low preparation cost, wherein the peony residue is utilized as a waste, and the comprehensive utilization value of the peony is increased. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column provided by the invention has a good adsorption effect on iron, cadmium and arsenic ions, and after water samples with excessive iron, cadmium and arsenic ions are filtered by the filter column, the contents of iron, cadmium and arsenic ions all accord with the national standards of drinking water, so that the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column has a good commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pollution ion filtration, in particular to an iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Water is the source of human life and is an indispensable important factor in the development of nature and human survival. With the rapid development of global economy, the demand of human beings on water resources is more and more, but the problem of water resource pollution is more and more serious. The pollution ions in the water mainly come from industrial pollution such as industrial wastewater, metallurgy, refractory materials, chemical industry, electroplating, smelting, tanning and printing and dyeing and the like. The contaminating ions in the water invade the human body through the digestive, respiratory, skin and mucous membranes. Vomiting and abdominal pain caused by invasion of the digestive tract; dermatitis and eczema can occur through skin penetration. The most harmful is the carcinogenic danger of long-term or short-term contact or inhalation.
At present, the treatment method of metal ions in water mainly comprises an adsorption method, a flocculation precipitation method, a membrane separation technology and the like. The traditional method generally adopts an adsorption method and a flocculation precipitation method, wherein the adsorption method is to remove metal ions by utilizing the attraction of the active surface of a metal ion adsorbent to the metal ions, the key material in the adsorption method is the adsorbent, and the metal ion adsorbent is a lot, namely, natural minerals, such as inorganic materials of zeolite, kaolinite and the like, natural polymers, such as tannins, lignins, chitosan and the like, and artificially synthesized or modified polymers, such as polystyrene-based resin, silica gel-based resin and the like. Cellulose has a certain adsorption function, but the adsorption capacity is small.
The ion exchange column, also called mixed bed, is prepared by mixing cation and anion exchange resins in a certain proportion and filling them in the same exchange device, and exchanging and removing the ions in the fluid. According to the regeneration mode, the method can be divided into three types of in vivo regeneration mixed bed, in vitro regeneration mixed bed and anion resin external transfer regeneration mixed bed. The ion exchange column technology has wide application in the field of water treatment, such as water softening, desalting, high-purity water preparation, industrial wastewater treatment, heavy metal and precious metal recovery and the like. The water softening process is widely applied to the boiler and the like. The existing ion exchange column has the defects of uneven distribution of the exchange process and low utilization rate of ion exchange resin, and has high manufacturing cost and inconvenient transportation and installation.
The shell activated carbon is prepared by taking shells and sawdust as raw materials and performing carbonization, activation and refining. Has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high strength, uniform granularity, developed pore structure, strong adsorption performance and the like. The shell activated carbon can effectively adsorb free chlorine, phenol, sulfur, oil, colloid, pesticide residue and other organic pollution in water. The nutshell activated carbon is widely applied to deep purification of drinking water, industrial water and wastewater, such as water purification treatment in industries of power plants, petrifaction, oil refineries, food and beverage, medicine, electronics, shipping and the like, and can effectively adsorb free chlorine, phenol, sulfur and other organic pollutants in water, particularly precursor substances of mutagenic substances (THM), so as to purify, remove impurities and remove peculiar smell. The decolorizing, purifying, deodorizing, purifying and impurity removing capabilities of the shell activated carbon are superior to those of common activated carbon products, and especially the adsorption effect on heavy metals is very strong. Has good adsorption effect on most heavy metals such as mercury, lead, arsenic and the like which are harmful to human survival and destroy the environment.
The PP cotton is made of chemical fiber by using polypropylene fiber for artificial production, has good cotton elasticity and strong bulkiness, and is widely applied to industries such as water purification equipment and the like. The main application of the filter in water purifier equipment is prepositive purification, and filtering colloid impurities, micro mud, rust, worm eggs, organic pollution mineral impurities and the like with the diameter of more than 5 microns in tap water.
The inventor has verified in research that the peony has a high heavy metal content because some components in the peony have the ability of adsorbing heavy metals, and through detection, the adsorbent prepared from the peony has a strong adsorption effect on iron, arsenic and cadmium ions.
The invention provides an ion exchange column filter medium, which has certain strength, light weight, uniform distribution of medium contents, low manufacturing cost and convenient transportation, can be applied to purification treatment of common industrial wastewater, and has certain market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that iron ions, cadmium ions and arsenic ions frequently exceed the standard in a domestic water source, the invention provides an iron ion, cadmium ion and arsenic ion filter column and a preparation method thereof, wherein the iron ion, cadmium ion and arsenic ion filter column respectively consists of an upper PP cotton layer, a treated peony residue layer, an activated carbon layer and a lower PP cotton layer from top to bottom; the treated peony residue is obtained by sequentially soaking the peony residue in an ethanol solution, diethyl ether and carbon tetrachloride.
Further, the filling volume of the upper PP cotton layer accounts for 5-20% of the total filler, the filling volume of the treated peony residue layer accounts for 20-60% of the total filler, the filling volume of the shell activated carbon layer accounts for 30-50% of the total filler, and the filling volume of the lower PP cotton layer accounts for 5-25% of the total filler.
Furthermore, the PP cotton filter element with the filtering precision of 5-20 microns is adopted as the PP cotton upper layer and the PP cotton lower layer.
Further, the shell activated carbon adopted by the shell activated carbon layer has a commercially available iodine value>900mg/g, volume weight 0.45-0.55 g/cm3The shell activated carbon.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps: filling PP cotton, shell activated carbon, treated peony residues and PP cotton into filter columns with filter screens at the upper part and the lower part, and compacting to obtain the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter columns; the treated peony residue is obtained by sequentially soaking the peony residue in an ethanol solution, diethyl ether and carbon tetrachloride.
The preparation method of the treated peony residue comprises the following specific steps:
1) extracting peony essential oil from fresh peony by adopting a traditional squeezing method to obtain peony residues;
2) soaking the peony residues in a 25-70% ethanol solution for 6-18 h, then cleaning with clear water, cleaning to remove residual ethanol on the surfaces of the peony residues, draining, and then drying the peony residues in an oven at 70-100 ℃ until the water content of the peony residues is less than 10%, so as to obtain dried peony residues;
3) soaking the dried peony residues with diethyl ether for 4-8 h to obtain diethyl ether soaked peony residues;
4) soaking the peony flower residues soaked by the ether in carbon tetrachloride for 2-4 h, soaking for 30-60 min by using a 30-75% ethanol solution, and washing with clear water to obtain the treated peony flower residues.
Advantageous effects
The inventor finds that the content of metal ions in the peony is high and far exceeds the content of metal ions in other parts, so whether one component in the peony can adsorb the metal ions or not is considered, and the peony is preliminarily determined to contain the substance adsorbing the metal ions through experiments. However, the peony is a very soft fibrous substance, contains a lot of perishable components and is difficult to be used as a raw material of the adsorbent, so that the applicant combines the filter column with the peony treated by an organic solvent, not only can exert the function of adsorbing ions of peony residues, but also can prevent the peony from rotting and deteriorating, and obtains the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column provided by the invention has strong filtering capacity on iron, cadmium and arsenic ions, a filtered polluted water sample meets the sanitary standard of drinking water, and the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column has a good filtering effect on iron, cadmium and arsenic ions.
The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column provided by the invention has the characteristics of simple preparation method, low preparation cost, convenience in use, good adsorption effect, strong stability, stable property, no putrefaction and the like, and can be used for a filter element of a water purifier. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column does not introduce new pollution and has good market prospect.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In this example, fresh peony, commercially available nutshell activated carbon, and commercially available PP cotton were used as raw materials.
Other chemical reagents are analytically pure.
An iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column, which comprises the following components from top to bottom: the filter layer comprises an upper PP cotton layer, a treated peony residue layer, an activated carbon layer and a lower PP cotton layer, wherein the four filter layers are filled from top to bottom, the filling volume of the upper PP cotton layer accounts for 10%, the filling volume of the treated peony residue layer accounts for 60%, the filling volume of the shell activated carbon layer accounts for 25%, and the filling volume of the lower PP cotton layer accounts for 5%.
The preparation method of the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking an ion exchange column with filter screens with holes at the upper part and the lower part, sequentially filling PP cotton, shell activated carbon, treated peony residue and PP cotton into the ion exchange column according to the proportion of fillers, compacting and fixing to obtain the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column.
The preparation method of the treated peony residue layer filler comprises the following steps:
1) extracting peony essential oil from fresh peony by adopting a traditional squeezing method to obtain peony residue.
2) Soaking the peony residues in a 50% ethanol solution for 12h, then cleaning with clear water, cleaning to remove residual ethanol on the surfaces of the peony residues, draining, and then drying the peony residues in an oven at 80 ℃ until the water content of the peony residues is less than 10%, thereby obtaining the dried peony residues.
3) And (3) soaking the dried peony residues with diethyl ether for 4-8 h to obtain the peony residues soaked with diethyl ether.
4) Soaking the peony residues soaked by the ether in carbon tetrachloride for 2-4 h, soaking for 30-60 min by using a 50% ethanol solution, and washing with clear water to obtain the treated peony residues.
The shell activated carbon adopted by the shell activated carbon layer is commercially available iodine value>900mg/g，The volume weight is 0.45-0.55 g/cm3The shell activated carbon.
The PP cotton used for the PP cotton upper layer and the PP cotton lower layer is a PP cotton filter element with the filtering precision of 5 microns.
The ion exchange filter medium prepared by the invention has better adsorption capacity on organic compounds such as iron, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, free chlorine, phenol, colloid and the like, and colloid impurities, micro-mud, rust, bacteria, viruses and the like with the diameter of more than 5 microns.
The detection method of the iron is shown in GB11911-1989, the detection method of the arsenic is shown in SL327.1-2005, the detection method of the lead is shown in SL327.4-2005, the detection method of the mercury is shown in SL327.2-2005, the detection method of the selenium is shown in SL327.3-2005, and the detection method of the free chlorine is shown in GB/T5750.11-2006.
The inventor prepares a simulated polluted water source by using corresponding ions, prepares mixed water with different pollutions before adsorption, and measures the content of each pollution ion, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 detection results of the samples before adsorption
The contaminated water was passed through the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filtration column prepared in example 1 of the present invention at a rate of 1mL/s, and the content of each contaminant ion in the filtered water sample was measured in the same manner.
TABLE 2 detection results of the adsorbed Water samples
According to the sanitary standard of drinking water for life recorded in GB5749-2006, arsenic is not higher than 0.01mg/L, iron is not higher than 0.3mg/L, cadmium is not higher than 0.005mg/L, selenium is not higher than 0.01mg/L, lead is not higher than 0.01mg/L, and free chlorine is not higher than 0.05 mg/L. Therefore, the adsorption effect of arsenic, iron, cadmium and free chlorine after adsorption by the filter medium meets the sanitary standard of drinking water, but the adsorption effect of selenium and lead is poor, and the sanitary standard of drinking water cannot be met.
Example 2
In this example, fresh peony, commercially available nutshell activated carbon, and commercially available PP cotton were used as raw materials.
Other chemical reagents are analytically pure.
An iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column, which comprises the following components from top to bottom: the filter layer comprises an upper PP cotton layer, a treated peony residue layer, an activated carbon layer and a lower PP cotton layer, wherein the four filter layers are filled from top to bottom, the filling volume of the upper PP cotton layer accounts for 20%, the filling volume of the treated peony residue layer accounts for 30%, the filling volume of the shell activated carbon layer accounts for 40%, and the filling volume of the lower PP cotton layer accounts for 10%.
The preparation method of the iron and arsenic ion filter column comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking an ion exchange column, sequentially filling PP cotton, shell activated carbon, treated peony residue and PP cotton into the ion exchange column according to the proportion of the filler, compacting and fixing to obtain the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column.
The preparation method of the treated peony residue layer filler comprises the following steps:
1) extracting peony essential oil from fresh peony by adopting a traditional squeezing method to obtain peony residue.
2) Soaking the peony residues in a 70% ethanol solution for 6h, then cleaning with clear water, cleaning to remove residual ethanol on the surfaces of the peony residues, draining, and then drying the peony residues in a 95 ℃ oven until the water content of the peony residues is less than 10%, thereby obtaining the dried peony residues.
3) And (3) soaking the dried peony residues with diethyl ether for 2-4 h to obtain the peony residues soaked with diethyl ether.
4) Soaking the peony residues soaked by the ether in carbon tetrachloride for 2-4 h, soaking for 30-60 min by using a 75% ethanol solution, and washing with clear water to obtain the treated peony residues.
The shell activated carbon adopted by the shell activated carbon layer is commercially available iodine value>900mg/g, and the volume weight is 0.45-0.55g/cm3The shell activated carbon.
The PP cotton used for the PP cotton upper layer and the PP cotton lower layer is a PP cotton filter element with the filtering precision of 20 microns.
Example 3
In this example, fresh peony, commercially available nutshell activated carbon, and commercially available PP cotton were used as raw materials.
Other chemical reagents are analytically pure.
An iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column, which comprises the following components from top to bottom: the filter layer comprises an upper PP cotton layer, a treated peony residue layer, an activated carbon layer and a lower PP cotton layer, wherein the four filter layers are filled from top to bottom, the filling volume of the upper PP cotton layer accounts for 5%, the filling volume of the treated peony residue layer accounts for 20%, the filling volume of the shell activated carbon layer accounts for 50%, and the filling volume of the lower PP cotton layer accounts for 25%.
The preparation method of the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking an ion exchange column, sequentially filling PP cotton, shell activated carbon, treated peony residue and PP cotton into the ion exchange column according to the proportion of the filler, compacting and fixing to obtain the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column.
The preparation method of the treated peony residue layer filler comprises the following steps:
1) extracting peony essential oil from fresh peony by adopting a traditional squeezing method to obtain peony residue.
2) Soaking the peony residues in a 25% ethanol solution for 18h, then cleaning with clear water, cleaning to remove residual ethanol on the surfaces of the peony residues, draining, and then drying the peony residues in a 70 ℃ oven until the water content of the peony residues is less than 10% to obtain the dried peony residues.
3) And (3) soaking the dried peony residues with diethyl ether for 4-8 h to obtain the peony residues soaked with diethyl ether.
4) Soaking the peony residues soaked by the ether in carbon tetrachloride for 2-4 h, soaking for 30-60 min by using a 30% ethanol solution, and washing with clear water to obtain the treated peony residues.
The shell activated carbon adopted by the shell activated carbon layer is commercially available iodine value>900mg/g, volume weight 0.45-0.55 g/cm3The shell activated carbon.
The PP cotton used for the PP cotton upper layer and the PP cotton lower layer is a PP cotton filter element with the filtering precision of 10 microns.
Claims (3)
1. An iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column is characterized in that: the ion filtering column is respectively composed of an upper PP cotton layer, a treated peony residue layer, a shell activated carbon layer and a lower PP cotton layer from top to bottom; the filling volume of the PP cotton upper layer accounts for 5-20% of the total filler, the filling volume of the treated peony residue layer accounts for 20-60% of the total filler, the filling volume of the shell activated carbon layer accounts for 30-50% of the total filler, and the filling volume of the PP cotton lower layer accounts for 5-25% of the total filler; wherein the treated peony residues are obtained by sequentially soaking the peony residues in an ethanol solution, diethyl ether, carbon tetrachloride and an ethanol solution;
the preparation method of the filter column comprises the following steps: filling PP cotton, shell activated carbon, treated peony residues and PP cotton into filter columns with filter screens at the upper part and the lower part, and compacting to obtain the iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter columns;
the preparation method of the treated peony residue comprises the following specific steps:
1) extracting peony essential oil from fresh peony by adopting a traditional squeezing method to obtain peony residues;
2) soaking the peony residues in a 25-70% ethanol solution for 6-18 h, then cleaning with clear water, cleaning to remove residual ethanol on the surfaces of the peony residues, draining, and then drying the peony residues in an oven at 70-100 ℃ until the water content of the peony residues is less than 10%, so as to obtain dried peony residues;
3) soaking the dried peony residues with diethyl ether for 4-8 h to obtain diethyl ether soaked peony residues;
4) soaking the peony flower residues soaked by the ether in carbon tetrachloride for 2-4 h, soaking for 30-60 min by using a 30-75% ethanol solution, and washing with clear water to obtain the treated peony flower residues.
2. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column of claim 1, wherein: the PP cotton used for the PP cotton upper layer and the PP cotton lower layer is a PP cotton filter element with the filtering precision of 5-20 microns.
3. The iron, cadmium and arsenic ion filter column of claim 1, wherein: the shell activated carbon adopted by the shell activated carbon layer is commercially available iodine value>900mg/g, volume weight 0.45-0.55 g/cm3The shell activated carbon.
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| CN107233762B true CN107233762B (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20080068622A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-07-23 | 아쿠아골드 주식회사 | Purifier with deodorant and/or repellent receiving structure |
| CN101279245A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Preparation of copper complexing natural polymer adsorbing material |
| CN105110498A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-02 | 邱钊 | Water treatment device capable of preventing blockage through polyethylene film layer |
| CN205856158U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 王忠海 | PP fibre active carbon composite filter element |
| CN106552442A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-04-05 | 菏泽尧舜牡丹生物科技有限公司 | A kind of handling process to peony slag after SCF-CO 2 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101279245A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Preparation of copper complexing natural polymer adsorbing material |
| KR20080068622A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-07-23 | 아쿠아골드 주식회사 | Purifier with deodorant and/or repellent receiving structure |
| CN105110498A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-02 | 邱钊 | Water treatment device capable of preventing blockage through polyethylene film layer |
| CN205856158U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 王忠海 | PP fibre active carbon composite filter element |
| CN106552442A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-04-05 | 菏泽尧舜牡丹生物科技有限公司 | A kind of handling process to peony slag after SCF-CO 2 |
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