CN108740587A - A kind of prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent and its application - Google Patents
A kind of prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108740587A CN108740587A CN201810629185.0A CN201810629185A CN108740587A CN 108740587 A CN108740587 A CN 108740587A CN 201810629185 A CN201810629185 A CN 201810629185A CN 108740587 A CN108740587 A CN 108740587A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to aquatic product matched feed addictive and its application, a kind of prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent and its application are provided.The present invention also provides the feeds that reinforcing agent is grown comprising above-mentioned prawn complex immunity simultaneously.The prawn complex immunity grows reinforcing agent, based on mass fraction, including vitamin C 10%-30%, vitamin E 5%-20%, bile acid 50%-80%.The prawn complex immunity grows reinforcing agent and promotes prawn growth, enhance prawn immune defense ability and bactericidal effect, effectively enhancing prawn fat metabolism, promote prawn growth, the use for reducing antibiotic and chemicals, can significantly improve prawn immune defense ability and growth rate, can promote protein and the fat metabolism of prawn, the immune defense ability for enhancing prawn, technical guarantee is provided for prawn culturing sustainable health development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic product matched feed addictive and its application more particularly to a kind of growth enhancings of prawn complex immunity
Agent and its application.
Background technology
Culture fishery is fast-developing in recent years, is shown according to grain agricultural organization of the United Nations (FAO) newest statistical data,
China's crustacean culture yield is 7,860,000 tons within 2016, and 1,670,000 tons of litopenaeus vannamei yield accounts for China's prawn total output
83%, it can be seen that prawn occupies consequence in culture fishery.People cause to pursue higher economic benefit
With the continuous development of prawn intensive culture, there are shrimp diseases frequently to occur, is on the rise.The pursuit prawn of blindness is quick
Growth has that protein, fatty excess addition cause prawn hepatopancrease fat accumulation in prawn mixed feed, causes pair
The generation of shrimp metabolic disease.Problem above seriously hinders the sound development of prawn culturing industry, has brought serious warp
Ji loss.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide the prawn complex immunities that a kind of pharmacological property is stablized to grow reinforcing agent, is mainly given birth to by dimension
Three kinds of plain C, vitamin E and bile acid substances are constituted, and are promoted prawn growth, are enhanced prawn immune defense ability and bactericidal effect,
Effectively enhancing prawn fat metabolism promotes prawn growth, reduces the use of antibiotic and chemicals, can significantly improve prawn and exempt from
Epidemic disease defence capability and growth rate can promote protein and the fat metabolism of prawn, enhance the immune defense ability of prawn, be right
Shrimp aquaculture sustainable health development provides technical guarantee.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution that the present invention takes is：A kind of prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent,
Based on mass fraction, including dimension element gives birth to C10%-30%, vitamin E 5%-20%, bile acid 50%-80%.
Further, vitamin C 12%-30%, vitamin E 8%-20%, bile acid 50%-80%.
As an embodiment of the present invention, vitamin C:Vitamin E:The mass ratio of bile acid is 3:2:5, i.e. quality point
Number is respectively 30%, 20% and 50%.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, vitamin C:Vitamin E:The mass ratio of bile acid is 3:2:20, i.e. matter
It is respectively 12%, 8% and 80% to measure score.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the application of above-mentioned prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent.In particular it relates to
Prawn complex immunity grows reinforcing agent as feed addictive.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the feed for growing reinforcing agent comprising above-mentioned prawn complex immunity.
Specifically, the feed includes basal feed and prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent, the prawn complex immunity
The additive amount for growing reinforcing agent is the 1-3 ‰ of basic feed total amount.
The basal feed includes the component of following mass fraction：Fish meal 30-35%, dregs of beans 15-25%, peanut meal
15-20%, wheat flour 20-25%, soybean lecithin 3-6%, multi-vitamins 0.1-1%, composite mineral matter 1-2%.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte quantity is improved.In prawn nonspecific immunity system, haemocyte plays important
Role, be both the executor of cellular immunity and the supplier of humoral immunity.In experiment, complex immunity growth enhancing is being fed
In 14 days of agent, test group prawn haemocyte quantity of the present invention is all remarkably higher than control group (P<0.05), and control group is without notable
Difference.
(2) litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte phagocytic activity is improved.Haemocyte can be wrapped up by phagocytosis, destroyed and be eliminated
Foreign substance, therefore, haemocyte phagocytic activity can be used for weighing the ability that litopenaeus vannamei resists exotic invasive pathogen.Examination
In testing, grown in 14 days of reinforcing agent feeding complex immunity, test group prawn haemocyte phagocytic activity of the present invention is significantly high
In control group (P<0.05), and control group is without significant difference.
(3) Serum of Penaeus vannamei Bacteriolytic activity is improved.Lysozyme can destroy bacteria cell wall, be accordingly regarded as weight
The humoral indications wanted.In experiment, grown in 21 days of reinforcing agent feeding complex immunity, Serum of Penaeus vannamei bacteriolyze is lived
Power is significantly improved, significant difference (P between each test group of the present invention and control group<0.05).
(4) litopenaeus vannamei antibacterial activity is improved.Antibacterial is the important indicator when Body fluid immunity, in external germ
When infecting body, antibacterial plays important protective effect.In experiment, grown in 21 days of reinforcing agent feeding complex immunity, it is all
Shore prawn Serum bactericidal vigor of receiving is significantly improved, significant difference (P between each test group of the present invention and control group<0.05).
(5) prawn proteinase power is improved.In prawn digestive system, protease and lipase are in albumen
Matter utilizes and the metabolism of fat plays an important role.In experiment, grown in 21 days of reinforcing agent feeding complex immunity, this hair
Bright test group prawn protease and lipase are all remarkably higher than control group (P<0.05), and control group is without significant difference.
(6) challenge test the result shows that, improve resistivity of the litopenaeus vannamei to morbid vibrio.Vickers arc is breathed out in injection
The cumulative mortality of 7d after bacterium, control group prawn are 70.15%, and the cumulative mortality of 1 prawn of test group is 31.25%, experiment
The cumulative mortality of 2 prawns of group is 28.32%, significant difference (P between test group and control group<0.05), illustrate addition originally
Preparation can significantly improve immune protective efficiency of the litopenaeus vannamei to Vibrio harveyi.
Experiment proves that complex immunity growth reinforcing agent provided by the present invention can significantly improve the immunity of prawn, profit
Promote prawn growth in prawn fat metabolism；Immune growth reinforcing agent provided by the invention selects vitamin C, vitamin E, bile
Three kinds of substances of acid carry out scientific compatibility, can be added in feed to qualitative, quantitative, are conducive to the stability and standard that maintain drug effect
Metaplasia is produced；The present invention is prepared simply, and cost is relatively low, can improve the economic benefit of shrimp culture industry.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows what reinforcing agent influenced litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte quantity
Result figure.
Fig. 2 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows reinforcing agent to litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte phagocytic activity shadow
Loud result figure.
Fig. 3 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows reinforcing agent to the influence of litopenaeus vannamei blood plasma Bacteriolytic activity
Result figure.
Fig. 4 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows reinforcing agent to the influence of litopenaeus vannamei blood plasma antibacterial activity
Result figure.
Fig. 5 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows what reinforcing agent influenced litopenaeus vannamei prolease activity
Result figure.
Fig. 6 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows what reinforcing agent influenced litopenaeus vannamei lipase activity
Result figure.
Fig. 7 is that the complex immunity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 grows what reinforcing agent influenced litopenaeus vannamei cumulative mortality
Result figure.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
Vitamin C, vitamin E are purchased from Hangzhou Ai Limai pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltds first, and bile acid is moved purchased from Long Chang to be possessed
Vitamin E, vitamin C, bile acid are dissolved in after water and are uniformly sprayed at basal feed surface by limit company, recycle fish oil package
Feed dries the feed for obtaining that reinforcing agent is grown containing complex immunity.Wherein, every kilogram of basal feed adds vitamin
C0.03g, vitamin E 0.02g, bile acid 0.05g.The ingredient of basal feed is：Based on mass fraction, fish meal 34%, dregs of beans
20%, peanut meal 16.4%, wheat flour 22%, soybean lecithin 5%, multivitamin 0.6%, composite mineral matter 2%.
Embodiment 2
As different from Example 1：Every kilogram of basal feed addition vitamin C 0.03g, vitamin E 0.02g, bile acid
0.2g。
The promotion prawn of the present invention is grown below in conjunction with experiment, enhances prawn immune defense ability and bactericidal effect carries out
It illustrates.
In this experiment, two kinds of complex immunities growth reinforcing agent that inventor prepares Examples 1 and 2 feeds vannamei boone pair
Shrimp is measured its salivary lysozyme, it was demonstrated that complex immunity growth reinforcing agent of the present invention can improve litopenaeus vannamei
Non-specific immune function and promotion are grown.
1. materials and methods
1.1 material
Experiment is purchased from Qingdao City's Laoshan District sand mouth prawn culturing with litopenaeus vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Factory, average weight are 5.0 ± 0.2 grams, and the ingredient of experiment basal feed is：Based on mass fraction, fish meal 34%, dregs of beans
20%, peanut meal 16.4%, wheat flour 22%, soybean lecithin 5%, multivitamin 0.6%, composite mineral matter 2%.Through experiment
Calculating nutritional ingredient in feed is：Based on mass fraction, crude protein 42.4%, crude fat 7.2%, ash content 8.4%.
1.2 method
1.2.1 experimental design
Experiment is randomly divided into 3 groups, respectively control group, test group 1, test group 2 after temporarily being supported 7 days with litopenaeus vannamei, often
60 tails of group, every group 3 parallel, raises in PVC barrel of 100L, and ventilation in 24 hours is raised.Control group feeds basal feed, and experiment 1 is thrown
The feed prepared by embodiment 1 is fed, 2 groups of feeds fed prepared by embodiment 2 are tested, day feeding volume is weight 5%, is thrown daily
It feeds 2 times.Culture experiment continues 28 days, during experiment altogether, 25-27 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 34, pH value 7.8-8.0.After 28 days, often
Group takes 30 tail shrimps to carry out challenge test at random, and with 10 tail shrimps for a repetition, each test group 3 repeats.Vibrio harveyi is pressed 1
×106Cell/mL concentration is at the end intramuscular injection of prawn periproct (50 μ L/ tails).It during experiment, feeds daily, day feeding volume is equal
It is the 5% of weight, half is respectively fed at 9 points at 16 points respectively at,.
1.2.2 testing index and method
It samples within the 0th, 7,14,21,24,28 day in on-test.It is direct using No. 5 syringe needles and 1mL syringes of disinfection
Being inserted into 3mm or so in prawn carapace rear cardiocoelom, blood was collected, and it is improved to have sucked 0.3mL in advance in preceding syringe of drawing blood
Litopenaeus vannamei anti-coagulants is pre-chilled, and (0.34MNaCl, 0.01M KCl, 0.01M EDTA-Na2,0.01M HEPES, pH7.45, ooze
Pressure is 780mOsm.kg thoroughly-1), it is final so that the ratio of anti-coagulants and hemolymph is 1:1.A part of hemolymph sample is thin into promoting circulation of blood
The measurement of born of the same parents' quantity and phagocytic rate, remaining hemolymph sample after 800g centrifugations 10min, take blue supernatant, as blood plasma at 4 DEG C
Sample preserves under the conditions of -80 DEG C.
The measurement of haemocyte quantity is counted under an optical microscope using blood counting chamber；The measurement side of phagocytic activity
Method is operated according to the method for existing literature, is referred to：《Penaeus vannamei (litopenaeus vannamei) acute pH stress under oxygen
Change stress, DNA damage and antioxidase gene expression》(Oxidative stress,DNA damage and antioxidant
enzyme gene expression in the Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei when
exposedto acute pH stress.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C,
2009,150(4):428-435)；Antibacterial activity, Bacteriolytic activity assay method according to existing literature method operate, Ke Yican
According to：《Three kinds of inducible sterilization proteins and property research are isolated and purified from the hemolymph for carving the immune pupa of this general silkworm moth of Crow》
(Insect immunity.Purification andproperties ofthree inducible bactericidal
proteins from hemolymph ofimmunizedpupae ofHyalophora cecropia.European
Journal of Biochemistry.1980,106(1),7-16.)；The assay method of lipase can refer to：《Milkfish disappears
Change the research of lipase》(Studies on the digestive lipases ofmilkfish.Aquaculture,1990,
89(3):315-325)；The assay method of protease can refer to：《Pepsin, trypsase, papain and tissue egg
The measurement of white enzyme and hemoglobin》(The estimation ofpepsin,trypsin,papain,and cathepsin
with hemoglobin..The Journal ofgeneral physiology.vol.22,pp.79–89,1938.)。
2. result
2.1 haemocyte quantity
As shown in Figure 1：The feed of the growth reinforcing agent containing complex immunity is fed after 28 days, litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte quantity has
It obviously increases, after the test, compared with the control group, test group 1,2 haemocyte quantity of test group increases separately 14.2%,
16.5%, test group and control group significant difference (P<0.05), test group 1, test group 2 are compared, and the raising of Determination of Bile Acids is not
The quantity of haemocyte can be obviously increased.
2.2 haemocyte phagocytic activity
As shown in Figure 2：The feed of the growth reinforcing agent containing complex immunity is fed after 14 days, litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte phagocytic rate
Start to be significantly higher than control group, but the not notable (P of test group 1 and 2 difference of test group>0.05).In the cultivation middle and later periods, test group 2
Prawn haemocyte phagocytic activity highest, be significantly higher than control group, show the extension with culturing time, vitamin C and Wei Sheng
Plain E is conducive to further be promoted the phagocytic activity of litopenaeus vannamei haemocyte.
2.3 Bacteriolytic activity
As shown in Figure 3：The feed of the growth reinforcing agent containing complex immunity is fed after 7 days, Serum of Penaeus vannamei Bacteriolytic activity
It is significantly increased, and reached maximum value at the 21st day, compared with the control group, 1 serum Bacteriolytic activity of test group increases by 2.16 times, examination
Test group 2 serum Bacteriolytic activities increase by 2.08 times, but after experiment phase each test group Bacteriolytic activity have by a small margin decline and with it is right
According to significant difference (P between group<0.05).
2.4 antibacterial activity
As shown in Figure 4：The feed of the growth reinforcing agent containing complex immunity is fed after 14 days, litopenaeus vannamei blood antibacterial activity has
It obviously increases, and reached maximum value at the 21st day, compared with the control group, 1 serum Bacteriolytic activity of test group improves 37%, test group
2 Serum bactericidal vigor improve 49.6%, but after experiment phase each test group antibacterial activity have decline by a small margin and with compare
Significant difference (P between group<0.05).
2.5 prolease activity
As shown in Figure 5：The feed of the growth reinforcing agent containing complex immunity is fed after 14 days, Serum of Penaeus vannamei protease activity
Power is significantly increased, and reaches maximum value at the 21st day, and compared with the control group, 1 prolease activity of test group increases by 24%, experiment
Group 2 proteinase activity power increase by 35.7%, but test 28 days each test group prolease activities have by a small margin decline and with it is right
According to significant difference (P between group<0.05).
2.6 lipase activity
As shown in Figure 6：The feed of the growth reinforcing agent containing complex immunity is fed after 14 days, litopenaeus vannamei lipase activity has
It obviously increases, this illustrates that bile acid plays an important role in fat metabolic process, and reaches most in the 21st day lipase activity
Big value.Compared with the control group, 1 lipase activity of test group increases by 7.5%, and 2 lipase activity of test group increases by 10.8%, experiment
Group 2 is compared with test group 1, and the raising of Determination of Bile Acids obviously increases the vigor of lipase, but is testing 28 days each test group fat
Fat enzyme activity has decline and the significant difference (P between control group by a small margin<0.05).
2.7 cumulative mortality
As shown in Figure 7：Attack poison after 0.5 day each group prawn start dead, every group of death 1-3 tail occur, when by 1 day, control
Group prawn adds up death toll and is apparently higher than each test group, and when by 3 days, each group death toll reduces, after 5 days, each group prawn death toll
Reduce and tends towards stability.At the end of challenge viral dosage, control group cumulative mortality is up to 70.15%, 1 cumulative mortality of test group
It is 31.25%, 2 cumulative mortality 28.32% of test group shows the Feed Energy raising for feeding vitamin C, vitamin E, bile acid
The anti-vibrios ability of litopenaeus vannamei, and significant difference (P between anti-vibrios ability and control group<0.05).
Claims (7)
1. a kind of prawn complex immunity grows reinforcing agent, characterized in that based on mass fraction, including vitamin C 10%-30%,
Vitamin E 5%-20%, bile acid 50%-80%.
2. prawn complex immunity according to claim 1 grows reinforcing agent, characterized in that vitamin C 12%-30%, dimension
Raw element E 8%-20%, bile acid 50%-80%.
3. prawn complex immunity according to claim 1 grows reinforcing agent, characterized in that vitamin C 30%, vitamin
E20%, bile acid 50%.
4. prawn complex immunity according to claim 1 grows reinforcing agent, characterized in that vitamin C 12%, vitamin
E8%, bile acid 80%.
5. claim 1-4 any one of them prawn complex immunities grow application of the reinforcing agent as feed addictive.
6. including the feed of claim 1-4 any one of them prawn complex immunities growth reinforcing agent, characterized in that include base
Plinth feed and prawn complex immunity grow reinforcing agent, and the additive amount of the prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent is that the basis is raised
Expect the 1-3 ‰ of total amount.
7. the feed of prawn complex immunity growth reinforcing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that the basal feed
Include the component of following mass fraction：It is fish meal 30-35%, dregs of beans 15-25%, peanut meal 15-20%, wheat flour 20-25%, big
Fabaceous Lecithin 3-6%, multi-vitamins 0.1-1%, composite mineral matter 1-2%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110800886A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-18 | 广东海洋大学 | Application of TWS119 in promoting growth of prawn and improving nonspecific immunity and disease resistance |
| CN111110718A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Special pesticide for prawn enterocytocele and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102178078A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-09-14 | 深圳市澳华农牧有限公司 | Health-care compound feed for prawns and production method thereof |
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| CN110800886A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-18 | 广东海洋大学 | Application of TWS119 in promoting growth of prawn and improving nonspecific immunity and disease resistance |
| CN111110718A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Special pesticide for prawn enterocytocele and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181106 |