CN108739236A - A kind of construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108739236A CN108739236A CN201810711130.4A CN201810711130A CN108739236A CN 108739236 A CN108739236 A CN 108739236A CN 201810711130 A CN201810711130 A CN 201810711130A CN 108739236 A CN108739236 A CN 108739236A
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- matrix
- rain garden
- mixed
- construction method
- enhanced type
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction methods of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden, the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden built using the present invention, have the advantages that permeability is strong, pollutants removal rate is high, convenient to construct.The construction method of the present invention includes the following steps：It is dug out as needed with length and width, deep Rain Garden groove, it is longitudinal to set gradually from top to bottom：Aquifer, from the recessed 100-150mm of Rain Garden the top of the groove；Mixed-matrix layer, thickness 400-600mm are adjusted according to different planting plants；Sand bedding course, material are middle rough sand, thickness 40-60mm；Drainage blanket, material are water storage module, thickness 300-400mm；Wherein separated with geotextiles between sand bedding course and drainage blanket, the water storage module outsourcing antiseepage film of drainage blanket simultaneously connects drainage pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction methods of Rain Garden, more specifically to a kind of enhanced type mixed-matrix rainwater
The construction method in garden.
Background technology
" Rain Garden " refers to being set in the engineerings of the plants such as the various shrubs of the lower ecological region planting of topography, flowers and plants and arbor
It applies, because with abatement rainfall runoff, mitigating pollution of area source, recharge of groundwater, improving the advantages of ambient environmental conditions, answered extensively
For building, garden, square, in the sponges City Construction Project such as road.Hypothallus is the key components in Rain Garden,
The mainstream way of hypothallus is the layer-stepping of " planting soil+filler " at this stage, and wherein institute's laminated devices matrix is followed successively by from top to bottom
300mm haydites, 300mm planting soils, 50mm sand bedding courses.But layer-stepping matrix needs a large amount of artificial or natural stuffing, base
The construction cost of matter layer is high, and more single for pollutant removal.Therefore, research is a kind of having preferable pollutant removal
It is very necessary with " Rain Garden " of permeability, of low cost, light quality, the mixed-matrix of convenience in transport and its structure.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to existing Rain Garden and hypothallus there are the problem of, propose a kind of enhanced type mixed base
The construction method of matter Rain Garden, the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden built using the present invention, pollution strong with permeability
Object removal rate height, advantage convenient to construct.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The construction method of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention comprising following steps：
It is dug out as needed with length and width, deep Rain Garden groove, it is longitudinal to set gradually from top to bottom：Aquifer, from
The recessed 100-150mm of Rain Garden the top of the groove；Mixed-matrix layer, thickness 400-600mm are adjusted according to different planting plants
It is whole；Sand bedding course, material are middle rough sand, thickness 40-60mm；Drainage blanket, material are water storage module, thickness 300-400mm；Its
Separated with geotextiles between middle sand bedding course and drainage blanket, the water storage module outsourcing antiseepage film of drainage blanket simultaneously connects drainage pipeline.More
Further technical solution is that the mixed-matrix layer thickness is 400mm.
The present invention enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden construction method, further embodiment be include following step
Suddenly：
One piece of irregular rectangle place is chosen, the Rain Garden groove that size is long 4m, width 3m, depth 0.9m is dug out, indulges
To setting gradually from top to bottom：Aquifer, from the recessed 150mm of Rain Garden the top of the groove；Mixed-matrix layer, thickness 400mm,
It is adjusted according to different planting plants；Sand bedding course, material are middle rough sand, thickness 50mm；Drainage blanket, material are water storage module,
Thickness is 300mm；Wherein separated with geotextiles between sand bedding course and drainage blanket, the water storage module outsourcing antiseepage film of drainage blanket and company
Run in waterpipe.Further technical solution is the irregular a length of 45m in rectangle place, width 33m, and area is
1310m2。
The construction method of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention, further technical solution are described mix
Matrix is closed by following volumetric ratio respectively at being grouped as：Soil (mellow soil is advisable) 35-45%, sand (middle rough sand is advisable) 25-35%, pottery
Grain (middle small dimension is advisable) 18-25%, sawdust 3-5%, activated carbon 2-3%, flyash 3-5%, the wherein preferred mellow soil of soil, it is husky
Sub preferably middle rough sand, the preferably middle small dimension of haydite；Further technical solution be the haydite grain size be 10mm extremely
15mm, firing sludge form；The flyash is level-one flyash.
The construction method of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention, further technical solution can also be institute
The mixed-matrix layer plantation representative plant of people stated is Arundo donax, nandina, spire awns or floral leaf awns.
The construction method of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention, further technical solution can also be institute
The water storage module stated is PP water storage drain modules.
The construction method of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention, further technical solution can also be institute
The antiseepage film stated is HDPE antiseepage films.
The construction method of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention, further technical solution can also be institute
The drainpipe stated is PE tubing, and caliber is 100mm to 150mm；Drainpipe is as sample tap, for investigating Rain Garden for rain
The treatment effect of water runoff.
The detection method of mixed-matrix is as follows：Build a height of 800mm, the round simulation column of a diameter of 160mm, simulation column dress
Matrix, no planting are filled out, bottom is surrounded by geotextiles, prevents matrix from leaking out.Experiment raw water above simulation column by entering, through base
It is flowed into after matter in the water container of bottom, takes out water aggregate sample and carry out water quality detection.
Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that：
The enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of the present invention, with laminated devices matrix Rain Garden ratio, enhanced type mixed-matrix
Rain Garden to TSS, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen removal rate respectively by the 87% of laminated devices matrix Rain Garden,
71%, 56%, 81%, 74% it is promoted to 95%, 83%, 70%, 85%, 82%.The matrix layer thickness of the present invention is reduced simultaneously
200mm, isometric mixed type discrete phase reduce 22.4% compared with laminated devices matrix cost, have good popularization and application valence
Value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 mixed type matrix Rain Garden structural schematic diagrams of the present invention.In Fig. 1：1- layer of plants；2- mixed-matrixes；3- is anti-
Ooze film；4- sand bedding courses；5- geotextiles；6- water storage modules；7- drainpipes；
Fig. 2 laminated devices matrix Rain Garden structural schematic diagrams.In Fig. 2：1- layer of plants；2- planting soils；3- antiseepage films；4- makes pottery
Granulosa；5- sand bedding courses；6- geotextiles；7- water storage modules；8- drainpipes；
Fig. 3 mixed-matrix Rain Gardens of the present invention and layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden pollutants removal rate comparison diagram.
Fig. 4 mixed-matrix Rain Gardens of the present invention are compared with the layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden different parts content of organic matter
Figure.
Fig. 5 mixed-matrix Rain Gardens of the present invention and layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden different parts total number of bacteria concentrations versus
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
The construction method of 1 enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of embodiment：
It is 45m, width 33m, area 1310m to choose a block length2Irregular rectangle place, dig out size with digging machine
For long 4m, the Rain Garden groove of wide 3m, deep 0.9m are longitudinal to be divided into four layers from top to bottom, one layer of base aquifer, recessed 150mm,
Two layers of hypothallus, are plant species growing area, and thickness 400mm can be increased according to different planting plants；Three layers of sand bedding course, in being
Rough sand, thickness 50mm；Four layers of drainage blanket are water storage module, thickness 300mm.Geotextiles are used between sand bedding course and drainage blanket
Separate, the water storage module of drainage blanket is enclosed with antiseepage film and picks out drainpipe, and plant species is implanted with Arundo donax, nandina, spire
Awns, floral leaf awns.It is cultivated 30 days under appropriate illumination, irrigation conditions, plant growth state is good.Hypothallus is mixed type matrix,
Mixed type host material is soil, sand, haydite, sawdust, activated carbon, flyash, and its ratio be 40% soil, 30% sand
Son, 20% haydite, 4% sawdust, 3% activated carbon, 3% flyash.
Fig. 1 is the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden of structure.It is connected to drainpipe at Rain Garden drainage blanket bottom, for arranging
Water and water sampling.When investigating treatment effect of the enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden for rainfall runoff, sample tap is discharged
Sample detection after the water sample mixed in equal amounts of 5min, 15min, 30min, 60min.
The structure of the Rain Garden of 1 laminated devices hypothallus of comparative example
It is long 4m to dig out size with digging machine, and the Rain Garden groove of wide 3m, deep 1.1m are longitudinal to be divided into five layers from top to bottom,
One layer of base aquifer, recessed 150mm, two layers of planting soil layer are plant species growing area, thickness 300mm；Three layers of packing layer, for pottery
Grain, thickness 300mm；Four layers of sand bedding course are middle rough sand, thickness 50mm；Five layers of drainage blanket, are water storage module, and thickness is
300mm.Separated with geotextiles between sand bedding course and drainage blanket, the water storage module of drainage blanket is enclosed with antiseepage film and picks out draining
Pipe, plant species are implanted with Arundo donax, nandina, spire awns, floral leaf awns.It is cultivated 30 days under appropriate illumination, irrigation conditions, plant
Growth conditions are good.
Fig. 2 is the layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden of structure.Be connected to drainpipe at Rain Garden drainage blanket bottom, for drain with
Water sampling.Investigate layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden for rainfall runoff treatment effect when, by sample tap be discharged 5min, 15min,
Sample detection after the water sample mixed in equal amounts of 30min, 60min.
Embodiment 2：
The construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden such as example 1, the enhanced type mixed-matrix rainwater flower of structure
The verification of road rain water runoff effect is cut down in garden, is included the following steps：
Step 1：Using the road rain water runoff of collection as raw water, the mass volume ratio concentration of wherein total suspended matter (is denoted as
TSS, similarly hereinafter) it is 97-213mgL-1, the mass volume ratio concentration of organic matter is (in terms of COD COD, similarly hereinafter)
67.6—132mg·L-1, a concentration of 3.6-6.5mgL of mass volume ratio of total nitrogen (being denoted as TN, similarly hereinafter)-1, total phosphorus (is denoted as
A concentration of 0.52-0.65mgL of mass volume ratio TP, similarly hereinafter)-1, the mass volume ratio a concentration of 0.42-of ammonia nitrogen
2..0mg·L-1,
Step 2：It takes raw water disposably to fill it up in enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden and carries out dynamic test, from sample tap
The water sample mixed in equal amounts of 5min, 15min, 30min, 60min are taken, is carried out within every five days once, is obtained 6 batch water samples altogether, deposit in
Refrigerator.
Step 3：With same method obtain layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden water sample, in 24 hours use national standard weight
Method measures the TSS concentration of water sample, and the COD concentration of water sample is measured using national standard potassium dichromate method, purple using national standard potassium peroxydisulfate oxygen
The TN concentration of outer water by Spectrophotometry sample measures the TP concentration of water sample using national standard molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method, using state
Mark the ammonia nitrogen concentration that Berthelot spectrophotometry measures water sample.
Fig. 3 compared removal rate of two kinds of Rain Gardens for TSS, COD, TN, TP, ammonia nitrogen.Mixed type matrix rainwater is spent
Garden is above laminated devices matrix Rain Garden for the removal rate of TSS, COD, TN, TP, ammonia nitrogen.
For layer-stepping matrix, since packing layer is haydite, gap is larger between haydite, and hydraulic detention time is short, flow
Comparatively fast.To silt washout phenomenon occur.And mixed-matrix is due to uniform filling, waterflow stabilization, matrix can fully absorb, mistake
The pollutant in raw water is filtered, simultaneously because the addition of activated carbon, flyash increases the adsorptivity of matrix, being incorporated as sawdust is micro-
The growth of biology provides carbon source, and microorganism can effectively degrade former organic pollutants.
Embodiment 3：The construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden such as example 1, to mixed type matrix Rain Garden
It is measured with organic matter in the hypothallus of laminated devices matrix Rain Garden (note TOC, similarly hereinafter), organic matter contains in contrast media layer
Amount, includes the following steps：
Step 1：It is 0mm, -100mm, -200mm, -300mm with soil sampler acquisition mixed-matrix Rain Garden locations of structures
Soil sample, 3 positions are chosen in same level.
Step 2：With same method obtain laminated devices matrix Rain Garden soil sample, in 24 hours use state's indicated weight chromium
Sour potassium oxidation-spectrophotometry measures the TOC contents of soil sample, and results are averaged for each position.
Fig. 4 compares the content of two kinds of Rain Garden each position TOC.Each position has in mixed-matrix Rain Garden hypothallus
Machine matter content is above layer-stepping matrix, and organic matter is the necessary condition of plant and microorganism growth, the usual content of organic matter
High matrix is more advantageous to the growth of plant and the breeding of microorganism, and plant and microorganism have weight for the removal of pollutant
It acts on.
Embodiment 4：The construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden such as example 1, to mixed type matrix Rain Garden
Counting measurement is carried out with total number of bacteria in the hypothallus of laminated devices matrix Rain Garden, characteristic of bacteria is studied, includes the following steps：
Step 1：It is 0mm, -100mm, -200mm, -300mm with soil sampler acquisition mixed-matrix Rain Garden locations of structures
Soil sample, 3 positions are chosen in same level.
Step 2：It is prepared by bacteria suspension
Each 10.00g of collected soil sample is weighed, is added separately in the 100mL sterile waters with bead, in biological shaking table
On with 200rmin-1Speed oscillation 30min, obtain bacteria suspension.Bacteria suspension 1.0mL is drawn respectively respectively with sterile pipette
It is added in 9.0mL sterile waters, obtains the bacteria suspension of 10 times of dilution, then draw 1.0mL respectively from this bacteria suspension and be added to 9.0mL
In sterile water, the bacteria suspension of 100 times of dilution is obtained, in the same way, and so on, respectively obtain dilution 103Again, 104Times,
105Again, 106Again, 107Again, 108Bacteria suspension again.
Step 3：Bacteria Culture
It is another to use 1mL sterile pipettes from the 10 of concentration minimum8Times bacteria suspension starts, take respectively successively 0.5mL bacteria suspensions in
In corresponding culture dish (culture dish is numbered in advance), then takes heating and melting and be cooled to 40 DEG C -50 DEG C of culture medium 15mL and pour into
Entering in the above-mentioned culture dish for filling bacteria suspension, gently rotation makes culture medium and bacteria suspension be sufficiently mixed uniformly, and tablet is made in cooling,
Culture 72 hours.
Step 4：Count of bacteria
On the basis of visually observing bacterial clump feature, with digital biomicroscope to the microorganism shape in culture dish
State is observed.Bacterial clump number is counted using counter process, the tablet after culture is placed on colonometer,
Each bacterium colony is clicked with counting pen, counter carries out accumulated counts to the bacterium colony clicked automatically.And total number of bacteria concentration is calculated,
Each position total number of bacteria is averaged.
Step 5：The soil sample of laminated devices matrix Rain Garden is obtained with same method, and it is dense to measure each position total number of bacteria
Degree.
Fig. 5 compared the concentration of two kinds of Rain Garden each position totals number of bacteria.It is each in mixed-matrix Rain Garden hypothallus
The total number of bacteria concentration of position is above layer-stepping matrix Rain Garden, and microorganism is capable of the pollution of effective matrix degradation retention
The pollutants such as organic matter, the nitrogen phosphorus of particulate form are decomposed into the nutrient that plant can absorb, therefore mixed type matrix rainwater by object
Garden has better pollutant removal.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
It is dug out as needed with length and width, deep Rain Garden groove, it is longitudinal to set gradually from top to bottom：Aquifer, from rainwater
The recessed 100-150mm of garden the top of the groove；Mixed-matrix layer, thickness 400-600mm are adjusted according to different planting plants；
Sand bedding course, material are middle rough sand, thickness 40-60mm；Drainage blanket, material are water storage module, thickness 300-400mm；Wherein
Separated with geotextiles between sand bedding course and drainage blanket, the water storage module outsourcing antiseepage film of drainage blanket simultaneously connects drainage pipeline.
2. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
One piece of irregular rectangle place is chosen, the Rain Garden groove that size is long 4m, width 3m, depth 0.9m, Zong Xiangcong are dug out
It is set gradually under：Aquifer, from the recessed 150mm of Rain Garden the top of the groove；Mixed-matrix layer, thickness 400mm, according to not
It is adjusted with planting plants；Sand bedding course, material are middle rough sand, thickness 50mm；Drainage blanket, material are water storage module, thickness
For 300mm；Wherein separated with geotextiles between sand bedding course and drainage blanket, the water storage module outsourcing antiseepage film of drainage blanket and the row of connection
Waterpipe.
3. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described
Mixed-matrix is by following volumetric ratio respectively at being grouped as：Soil 35-45%, sand 25-35%, haydite 18-25%, sawdust 3-5%,
Activated carbon 2-3%, flyash 3-5%.
4. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the pottery
The grain size of grain is 10mm to 15mm, and firing sludge forms；The flyash is level-one flyash.
5. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described
It is Arundo donax, nandina, spire awns or floral leaf awns that mixed-matrix layer, which plants the representative plant of people,.
6. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described
Water storage module is PP water storage drain modules.
7. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described
Antiseepage film is HDPE antiseepage films.
8. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described
Drainpipe is PE tubing, and caliber is 100mm to 150mm；Drainpipe is as sample tap, for investigating Rain Garden for rainwater diameter
The treatment effect of stream.
9. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 2, it is characterised in that it is described not
The a length of 45m in regular oblong place, width 33m, area 1310m2。
10. the construction method of enhanced type mixed-matrix Rain Garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is mixed
Conjunction matrix layer thickness is 400mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112544349A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-26 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Water amount self-control type rainwater garden special for green sponge and construction method |
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| CN106665101A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-05-17 | 丽水学院 | Rainwater garden system used for community rainwater diversion, peak clipping and ecological purification |
| CN107864781A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-03 | 华北水利水电大学 | The cultivation matrix structure and method of construction in roof rain water garden |
| CN207314504U (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-04 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | A kind of sponge urban rainwater garden suitable for cell |
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| JP2008127961A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-05 | Keiko Takatani | Rainwater storage type greening device, and rainwater storage system provided with the rainwater storage type greening device |
| CN106665101A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-05-17 | 丽水学院 | Rainwater garden system used for community rainwater diversion, peak clipping and ecological purification |
| CN207314504U (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-04 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | A kind of sponge urban rainwater garden suitable for cell |
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| CN112544349A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-26 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Water amount self-control type rainwater garden special for green sponge and construction method |
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