CN108736098B - Bottom liquid cooling battery module with high energy density - Google Patents

Bottom liquid cooling battery module with high energy density Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108736098B
CN108736098B CN201810412836.0A CN201810412836A CN108736098B CN 108736098 B CN108736098 B CN 108736098B CN 201810412836 A CN201810412836 A CN 201810412836A CN 108736098 B CN108736098 B CN 108736098B
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China
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assembly
plate
conductive
battery module
single battery
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CN201810412836.0A
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CN108736098A (en
Inventor
王中华
陈龙科
王小凤
李泽斌
黄洪印
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Xinen Technology Hong Kong Co ltd
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Xinen Technology Hong Kong Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a bottom liquid cooling battery module with high energy density, which relates to the technical field of batteries and comprises: the battery comprises a single battery assembly body, a shell assembly body, a conductive assembly body, a cooling plate, a cover plate and heat insulation silica gel; the battery cell assembly is inserted into the shell assembly, the battery cell assembly is connected with the conductive assembly, the conductive assembly is placed on the cooling plate, cooling liquid is pumped into the tail end of the inlet of the cooling plate through a pump and flows out of the tail end of the outlet of the cooling plate, the cover plate is arranged outside the battery cell assembly, the shell assembly and the conductive assembly, the cooling plate, and an outer wrapping of the battery module is wrapped by using heat insulation silica gel. The invention has the advantages that: the method can prevent the chain explosion caused by the thermal runaway of the single battery, improves the energy density of the battery module to the greatest extent, and reduces the cost.

Description

Bottom liquid cooling battery module with high energy density
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a bottom liquid cooling battery module with high energy density.
Background
With the approaching peaks and gradual trend of exhaustion of the production and consumption of conventional fossil energy, the environmental pollution is increasingly highlighted, and energy systems based on renewable energy are gradually formed. Under the current great challenges of the global automobile industry facing energy and environmental problems, new energy electric automobiles are developed, and the new energy electric automobiles are pushed to the strategic transformation of the traditional automobile industry, so that the international consensus is achieved. From the trend of energy conservation and emission reduction in the automobile industry, the development of energy conservation and new energy automobiles in China is a necessary choice for the improvement of automobile technology and the upgrading of industry.
The power battery is large in size, so that the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the power battery is relatively reduced, the heat in the battery is not easy to dissipate, the problems of uneven internal temperature, overhigh local temperature rise and the like are more likely to occur, the attenuation of the battery is further accelerated, and the service life of the battery is shortened. The main mechanism of the traditional battery cooling system is a cooling pipe, so that a certain cooling effect can be achieved, but only partial cooling can be realized in a range, the phenomenon that the local temperature of the battery is too high easily occurs, and the interlocking explosion caused by thermal runaway of the single battery is caused.
In the electric automobile industry, the unit cells are mounted as closely as possible to occupy the smallest space. This also gives a specific type of cell, outputting the maximum energy density in a certain volume. The weight of the battery module is reduced, namely, the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, so that higher weight energy density of the battery pack is obtained. The higher the battery pack energy is, the better the endurance of the whole vehicle is.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the internal temperature of the battery is uneven and the local temperature rise is too high, so that the single battery is subjected to chain explosion caused by thermal runaway.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical proposal, and the specific technical proposal is as follows:
a high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module, comprising: a single battery assembly (100), a housing assembly (200), a conductive assembly (300), and a cooling plate (400); the unit cell assembly (100) is inserted into the shell assembly (200), the unit cell assembly (100) is connected with the conductive assembly (300), the conductive assembly (300) is placed on the cooling plate (400), and cooling liquid is pumped into the inlet end (410) of the cooling plate (400) through a pump and flows out of the outlet end (420) of the cooling plate.
Preferably, the unit cell assembly (100) includes a unit cell (110), a conductor (120), and a thermally conductive silica gel (130), one end of the conductor (120) is mounted at a negative electrode or bottom of the unit cell (110), the other end of the conductor (120) extends to an upper portion of a positive electrode of the unit cell (110), and the thermally conductive silica gel (130) is wound around the unit cell (110) and an outside of the conductor (120), to form the unit cell assembly (100).
Preferably, the conductive assembly (300) comprises a positive electrode conductive plate (310), a welding wire (320), a negative electrode conductive plate (350) and a silica gel plate (340), wherein the positive electrode conductive plate (310) is connected with the positive electrode of at least one single battery (110) through the welding wire (320), the silica gel plate (340) is installed on the positive electrode conductive plate (310), and the negative electrode conductive plate (350) is connected with a plurality of conductors (120) to form the conductive assembly (300).
Preferably, the housing assembly (200) comprises a supporting cylinder (210), a frame (220) and a backing plate (230), wherein the housing assembly (200) is formed by brazing and welding the supporting cylinder (210), the frame (220) and the backing plate (230) according to a specified arrangement, and the single battery assembly (100) is inserted into the supporting cylinder (210).
Preferably, the battery module further comprises a cover plate (500), an outer-wrapping heat-insulating silica gel (600) and a 0-shaped ring (700), wherein the cover plate (500) is arranged outside the single battery assembly body (100), the shell assembly body (200), the conductive assembly body (300) and the cooling plate (400), the outer wrapping of the battery module is wrapped by the outer-wrapping heat-insulating silica gel (600), and the 0-shaped ring (700) is sealed at the edge of the cover plate (500).
Preferably, the cooling plate (400) is internally provided with a micro-channel flat tube, and the flow rate of the cooling liquid can be controlled to maintain the temperature difference of each single battery assembly (100).
Preferably, the outer-covered heat insulation silica gel (600) is molded by using insulating silicon rubber.
Preferably, the silica gel plate (340) is provided with slits corresponding to the positive electrode conductive plates (310) one by one.
Preferably, the pad (230) has a hollow structure, and the frame (220) and the supporting cylinder (210) are respectively arranged at two sides of the pad (230).
Preferably, the supporting cylinder (210) is an aluminum thin-wall cylindrical cylinder, the bottom is closed, and the top is open.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the conductor is led out from the negative electrode or the bottom of the single battery, the single battery is easy to install, the welding procedure is simplified, automation is easier to form, and the assembly cost of the battery module is reduced.
2. The invention reduces the temperature difference in the battery by a 360-degree surrounding mode, prevents the formation of local hot areas, prevents the battery from being attenuated too fast at a high-temperature position, and prolongs the whole service life of the battery pack.
3. The unique missile-type supporting cylinder design of the invention prevents thermal runaway interlocking from occurring when a single battery is defective and explodes due to thermal runaway or any cause, and the supporting cylinder and the anode conducting plate form a device similar to a missile launching tube.
4. The battery module outer envelopes are molded by the insulating silicon rubber, and the battery module can work in a wider temperature range by flame retardance and heat insulation. The silica gel is impermeable and seals the structure. Therefore, it can be waterproof, and the silica gel also has the functions of vibration prevention and buffering, and the 0-shaped ring is sealed at the edge of the cover plate.
5. The invention uses the supporting cylinders to separate the single batteries, so that each single battery has independent storage space, and each supporting cylinder is adjacent to each other, which is equivalent to tightly mounting the single battery cells together, and is equivalent to a cooling pipe liquid cooling mode, thereby greatly improving the specific energy of the module.
Drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is a front view of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 (b) is a left side view of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 (c) is a top view of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 (a) is an external schematic view of a unit cell assembly of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram illustrating the inside of a single cell conductor of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly of a single battery of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high energy density bottom liquid-cooled battery module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the examples of the present invention, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The bottom liquid-cooled battery module with high energy density is shown in fig. 1 (a), (b), and (c), and fig. 2 (a), (b), fig. 3, and fig. 4, and includes: the battery pack comprises a single battery assembly 100, a housing assembly 200, a conductive assembly 300, a cooling plate 400, a cover plate 500, an outer-wrapping heat-insulating silica gel 600 and a 0-shaped ring 700.
The unit cell assembly 100 is inserted into the case assembly 200, the unit cell assembly 100 is connected with the conductive assembly 300, the conductive assembly 300 is placed on the cooling plate 400, the cooling liquid is pumped into the inlet end 410 of the cooling plate 400 by a pump, flows out of the outlet end 420 of the cooling plate 400, the cover plate 500 is outside the unit cell assembly 100, the case assembly 200, the conductive assembly 300 and the cooling plate 400, the outer envelope of the battery module is wrapped with the outer-packed heat-insulating silica gel 600, and the "0" type ring 700 is sealed at the edge of the cover plate 500. Inside the cooling plate 400 is a micro-channel flat tube, which can control the flow rate of the cooling liquid to maintain the temperature difference of each unit cell assembly 100. Wherein, the outer-covered heat insulation silica gel 600 is molded by insulating silicon rubber.
The unit cell assembly 100 includes a unit cell 110, a conductor 120, and a thermally conductive silica gel 130, one end of the conductor 120 is mounted at the negative electrode or bottom of the unit cell 110, the other end of the conductor 120 extends to the upper portion of the positive electrode of the unit cell 110, and the thermally conductive silica gel 130 is wound around the unit cell 110 and the outside of the conductor 120 to form the unit cell assembly 100.
The conductive assembly 300 includes a positive electrode conductive plate 310, a welding wire 320, a negative electrode conductive plate 350, and a silicon gel plate 340, wherein the positive electrode conductive plate 310 is connected to the positive electrode of at least one unit cell 110 through the welding wire 320, the silicon gel plate 340 is mounted on the positive electrode conductive plate 310, and the negative electrode conductive plate 350 is connected to the plurality of conductors 120 to form the conductive assembly 300. The silicon plate 340 has slits corresponding to the positive electrode conductive plates 310 one by one.
The housing assembly 200 includes a support cylinder 210, a rim 220, and a backing plate 230, and the housing assembly 200 is formed by brazing the support cylinder 210, the rim 220, and the backing plate 230 in a predetermined arrangement. The support cylinder 210 is an aluminum thin-walled cylindrical cylinder, the bottom is closed, and the top is open. The backing plate 230 has a hollow structure, and the frame 220 and the support tube 210 are provided at both sides of the backing plate 230, respectively, and the unit cell assembly 100 is inserted into the support tube 210.
Specifically, one end of the conductor 120 is connected to the negative electrode or bottom of the unit cell 110, the other end of the conductor 120 is extended to the upper portion of the positive electrode of the unit cell 110, and then the surface is wound with the thermal conductive silica gel 130 for insulation, thermal conduction and fixation of the unit cell 110.
The bottom structure of the battery module is a cooling plate 400, and channels are provided in the cooling plate 400 for guiding the flow of the cooling fluid to maintain the temperature difference of the respective unit cells 110.
Each unit cell assembly 100 is inserted into the case assembly 200 composed of the frame 220, the backing plate 230 and the support cylinder 210, and then is placed on the cooling plate 400, similar to a 360-degree surrounding manner, heat generated by each unit cell 110 is taken away through cooling liquid, temperature difference in the battery pack is reduced, formation of local hot areas is inhibited, excessively rapid attenuation of the cells at the temperature positions is prevented, and the overall service life of the battery pack is prolonged. The supporting cylinder 210 is an aluminum thin-wall column cylinder, the bottom is closed, the top is open, and the single batteries 110 are isolated and independent through the supporting cylinder 210, so that the safety of the single batteries 110 is fully ensured.
The silicon rubber plate 340 is provided with a slit corresponding to the single battery 110, when the single battery 110 is exploded due to defect or any other reason, the supporting cylinder 210 and the positive electrode conductive plate 310 form a device similar to a missile launching tube, fragments ejected from the single battery 110 pass through the slit of the silicon rubber plate 340 to reach the root of the cover plate 500, meanwhile, the negative electrode conductive plate 350 and the inner surface of the cover plate 500 are provided with a certain space for releasing the fragments, so that the fragments are not secondarily short-circuited with the conductive plate, and the space is vacuumized and flushed with argon, and when the single battery 110 is burnt, the generated gas and the fragments are prevented from burning or catching fire. After explosion, the cap plate 500 of the battery module is deformed, and at the same time, the fumes generated by the explosion overflow through the edges of the cap plate 500 of the battery module, so that it is possible to prevent interlocking explosion due to thermal runaway of the individual unit cells 110.
The cover plate 500 is wrapped by the heat-insulating silica gel 600, and finally the two outer-wrapping silica gel assemblies are assembled, so that the battery module can be insulated, and the battery module is suitable for working in a wider temperature range. The exterior-packed insulating silica gel 600 has waterproof, vibration-proof and buffering effects. Meanwhile, the sealing part of the cover plate 500 is provided with a 0-shaped ring 700, so that the waterproof performance of the battery module is ensured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module, comprising: a single battery assembly (100), a housing assembly (200), a conductive assembly (300), and a cooling plate (400); the single battery assembly (100) is inserted into the shell assembly (200), the single battery assembly (100) is connected with the conductive assembly (300), the conductive assembly (300) is placed on the cooling plate (400), and cooling liquid is pumped into the inlet end (410) of the cooling plate (400) through a pump and flows out of the outlet end (420) of the cooling plate;
the single battery assembly (100) comprises a single battery (110), a conductor (120) and heat-conducting silica gel (130), wherein one end of the conductor (120) is arranged at the negative electrode or the bottom of the single battery (110), the other end of the conductor (120) extends to the upper part of the positive electrode of the single battery (110), and the heat-conducting silica gel (130) is wound outside the single battery (110) and the conductor (120) to form the single battery assembly (100);
the conductive assembly body (300) comprises a positive electrode conductive plate (310), a welding wire (320), a negative electrode conductive plate (350) and a silica gel plate (340), wherein the positive electrode conductive plate (310) is connected with the positive electrode of at least one single battery (110) through the welding wire (320), the silica gel plate (340) is arranged on the positive electrode conductive plate (310), and the negative electrode conductive plate (350) is connected with a plurality of conductors (120) to form the conductive assembly body (300);
the shell assembly body (200) comprises a supporting cylinder (210), a frame (220) and a base plate (230), wherein the supporting cylinder (210), the frame (220) and the base plate (230) are arranged according to a specified mode, the shell assembly body (200) is formed by brazing and welding, and the single battery assembly body (100) is inserted into the supporting cylinder (210);
still include apron (500), outsourcing thermal-insulated silica gel (600), "0" circle (700), apron (500) are in battery cell assembly (100), casing assembly (200) electrically conductive assembly (300) the outside of cooling plate (400), battery module's outsourcing is wrapped up with outsourcing thermal-insulated silica gel (600), "0" circle (700) seal is in the edge of apron (500).
2. The high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module of claim 1, wherein said cooling plate (400) is internally provided with micro-channel flat tubes capable of controlling the flow of cooling fluid to maintain the temperature differential of each of said cell assemblies (100).
3. The high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module of claim 1, wherein said outer wrap insulating silicone (600) is molded from insulating silicone rubber.
4. The high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module of claim 1, wherein said silicone plate (340) has slits in one-to-one correspondence with said positive conductive plates (310).
5. The high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module of claim 1, wherein the backing plate (230) is of hollow structure, and the frame (220) and the support tube (210) are disposed on two sides of the backing plate (230).
6. The high energy density bottom liquid cooled battery module of claim 1, wherein said support cylinder (210) is an aluminum thin walled cylindrical cylinder, closed at the bottom and open at the top.
CN201810412836.0A 2018-05-03 2018-05-03 Bottom liquid cooling battery module with high energy density Active CN108736098B (en)

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CN110767855A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-07 章春元 Battery module capable of preventing heat spreading and preparation method thereof
CN114094268B (en) * 2021-11-22 2024-04-23 江苏科技大学 Power battery protection device and protection method

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