CN108735377B - Preparation method of U-shaped copper groove wire for NbTi/Cu superconducting wire - Google Patents
Preparation method of U-shaped copper groove wire for NbTi/Cu superconducting wire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a U-shaped copper groove wire for an NbTi/Cu superconducting wire, which specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2 mm-3 mm by a wire drawing machine for multiple times, and then placing the copper bar in an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for atmosphere protection annealing; carrying out 3-pass rolling forming after annealing; and stretching the semi-finished product formed by rolling to the designed size by adopting a die to obtain the finished product. The invention is beneficial to improving the residual resistance ratio of the NbTi superconducting wire and reducing the deformation resistance in the subsequent rolling processing process; and finally, the high-precision U-shaped copper slot wire is obtained by adopting a three-pass continuous rolling method and a final die drawing method, the drawing and rolling speed in the processing process is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale batch production of the U-shaped copper slot wire for the NbTi/Cu superconducting wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a U-shaped copper groove wire for an NbTi/Cu superconducting wire.
Background
At present, NbTi superconductors are mainly applied to the fields of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), laboratory instruments, particle accelerators, electric power, mine sweeping, ore magnetic separation, magnetic levitation trains, superconducting energy storage (SMES) and the like; the preparation of the traditional NbTi/Cu multi-core superconducting wire generally comprises the technical processes of alloy preparation, alloy rod processing, multi-core composite combination and processing, heat treatment of the multi-core superconducting wire and the like; due to the influence of factors such as complex processing process, high cost and the like, the copper ratio of the prepared NbTi/Cu multi-core superconducting wire is generally controlled below 4; however, for some fields such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) systems below 3T, the NbTi superconducting magnet used therein needs high stability, and the copper ratio is one of the main factors affecting the stability; the higher the copper ratio, the better its stability. Therefore, the preparation of the NbTi/Cu multi-core superconducting wire with the copper ratio higher than 7:1 is important for obtaining the NbTi superconducting magnet with high stability. At present, about 3600 tons of NbTi superconducting wires are needed to be used all over the world, and the proportion of the high-copper ratio superconducting wires is about 80 percent, so the preparation and the mass production of the high-copper ratio superconducting wires become more important.
At present, when a high-copper-ratio superconducting wire is generally prepared in an embedding mode, a prepared superconducting round wire is placed in a U-shaped copper groove wire, and the prepared superconducting round wire and the U-shaped copper groove wire are welded together by tin. The processing process and the final precision of the U-shaped copper slot line can influence the precision of the U-shaped copper slot line, and further influence the final performance of the superconducting wire. At present, the accuracy of the prepared U-shaped copper slot wire is limited, so that the residual resistance ratio (RRR value) of the processed superconducting wire is also limited, and therefore, a preparation method capable of improving the accuracy of the U-shaped copper slot wire is required to be developed so as to obtain a high-stability NbTi superconducting magnet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a U-shaped copper groove wire for a NbTi/Cu superconducting wire, which provides a material foundation for preparing the NbTi/Cu superconducting wire with high copper ratio.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a U-shaped copper slot wire for an NbTi/Cu superconducting wire rod specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2 mm-3 mm by a wire drawing machine for multiple times;
step 2, placing the copper wire with the diameter of 2 mm-3 mm in the step 2 into an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for atmosphere protection annealing;
step 3, carrying out 3-pass rolling forming on the annealed phi 2 mm-phi 3mm copper wire in the step 2;
and 4, stretching the semi-finished product rolled and formed in the step 3 to a designed size by adopting a die.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
in the step 1, the material of the commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm is C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, the processing rate of each pass is 20%, and the drawing speed is 100-200 m/min.
In the step 2, in the annealing process, the annealing temperature is 250-270 ℃, the annealing time is 2-4H and the atmosphere is 1% H according to different annealing specifications2And 99% N2And (5) protecting the mixed atmosphere.
In step 3, the first rolling process is as follows: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle from a circle, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 7-10%.
In step 3, the second pass rolling process is as follows: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width is kept unchanged, and the processing rate is 4-6%.
In step 3, the third rolling process is as follows: the copper wire is rolled from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface, the width and the thickness of the copper wire have the processing rate at the same time, and the processing rate is 7-10%.
And 3, the three-pass rolling deformation in the step 3 is one-time continuous rolling, the rolling speed is different according to copper slot wires with different specifications, the smaller the copper slot wire is, the faster the speed is, and otherwise, the slower the copper slot wire is, the speed range is 100-150 m/min.
The die adopted in the step 4 is a die with a final design size, the angle of the die is 6 degrees, the die is made of a diamond die with stable and good size and wear resistance, the machining rate is 2-3%, and the purpose is to micro-shape the rolled copper slot wire so as to achieve the U-shaped copper slot wire with high size precision.
The preparation method of the U-shaped copper slot line has the advantages that the C10100 copper rod sold in the market is processed to a specific size through the drawing method, and then the whole batch of copper wires are annealed, so that the method is beneficial to improving the residual resistance ratio of the NbTi superconducting wire on one hand and reducing the deformation resistance in the subsequent rolling processing process on the other hand; and finally, the high-precision U-shaped copper slot wire is obtained by adopting a three-pass continuous rolling method and a final die drawing method, the drawing and rolling speed in the processing process is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale batch production of the U-shaped copper slot wire for the NbTi/Cu superconducting wire.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a design drawing of a profiled copper slot line according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of rolling deformation at different stages in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a U-shaped copper slot wire for an NbTi/Cu superconducting wire, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, wherein the material is C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2 mm-3 mm by a wire drawing machine for multiple times; the processing rate of each pass is about 20%, and the drawing speed is 100-200 m/min.
Step 2, the phi 2 mm-phi 3mm copper wire in the step 2 is placed in an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for atmosphere protection annealing, the annealing temperature is 250-270 ℃, the annealing time is 2-4H according to different annealing specifications, and the atmosphere is 1% H2And 99% N2And (5) protecting the mixed atmosphere. The higher the annealing temperature, the longer the annealing time, the smaller the working ratio from the post-annealing size to the final shape, and the higher the RRR value.
Step 3, carrying out 3-4-pass rolling forming on the annealed phi 2 mm-phi 3mm copper wire in the step 2, wherein the first-pass rolling process is as follows: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle from a circle, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 7-10%. The second pass rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width is kept unchanged, and the processing rate is 4-6%. The third rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface, the width and the thickness of the copper wire have the processing rate at the same time, and the processing rate is 7-10%. The three-pass rolling deformation is one-time continuous rolling, the schematic drawing of the rolling process is shown in figure 2, the rolling speed is different according to copper groove wires with different specifications, the speed is higher when the copper groove wires are smaller, and conversely, the speed is lower and is in the range of 100-150 m/min.
And 4, stretching the semi-finished product rolled and formed in the step 3 to a designed size by adopting a die, and easily achieving high precision by adopting the die with a small processing rate because the size of the copper slot line is very close to the final size and the requirement on rolling equipment is met when continuous rolling is required. As shown in fig. 1. Adopt common superconductive wire rod drawing die to draw, the mould angle is 6 degrees, and the mould material is that the stable better, wear-resisting diamond mould of size, and the machining rate is 2 ~ 3%, and the purpose is carried out the micro-plastic with rolling back copper groove line and is followed the U type copper groove line that reaches high dimensional accuracy.
The NbTi/Cu superconducting wire is prepared by adopting the U-shaped copper slot wire with high dimensional accuracy, the residual resistance ratio (RRR value) of the obtained NbTi/Cu superconducting wire is not less than 250 and can reach more than 400 at most, and the RRR value is controlled by a processing rate and an annealing process. The RRR value represents the stability of the superconducting magnet prepared by the superconducting wire, so that the method provides a good basis for the subsequent preparation of the superconducting wire with high stability, and the NbTi/Cu superconductor with the same performance cannot be prepared by adopting the prior art.
The linear performance of the U-shaped copper groove prepared by the method of the invention is detected, and the result is shown in table 1. The properties of the superconducting wire processed by using the copper slot wire are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 Linear energy of U-shaped copper bath according to the invention
As can be seen from Table 1, the U-shaped copper slot line prepared by the method has the length of more than 10000m and the dimensional accuracy of +/-0.02mm, the RRR (300K/10K) of the U-shaped copper slot line sample is more than or equal to 400, and the tensile strength Rm is more than 280 Mpa.
TABLE 2 superconductor properties prepared from U-shaped copper slot wire of the invention
| RRR(300K/10K) | Rp0.2/MPa | A50mm/％ |
| 212 | 185 | 29.5 |
The following is a specific preparation example of the U-shaped copper slot wire of the invention.
Example 1
Selecting a commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, wherein the material is C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2.86mm by adopting a multi-mode wire drawing machine for 9 times; the processing rate of each pass is about 20 percent, and the drawing speed is 120 m/min. The copper wire with the diameter of 2.86mm is placed in an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for atmosphere protection annealing, the annealing temperature is 270 ℃, the annealing time is 2 hours according to different annealing specifications, and the atmosphere is 1% H2And 99% N2And (5) protecting the mixed atmosphere. The first rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with the diameter of 2.86mm and the diameter of 2.95 x 1.97mm, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 9.5%. The second pass rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width of the groove line is 2.95mm, the height is 1.94mm, the diameter of the semicircular groove is 0.70mm, and the processing rate is 4.8%. The third rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface, the width of the copper wire is 2.9mm, the height of the copper wire is 1.9mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.70, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.72mm, and the processing rate is 10%. The three-pass rolling deformation is one-time continuous rolling, and the rolling speed is 120 m/min. Stretching the semi-finished product formed by rolling to the design size by adopting a die, wherein the specification of the finally formed copper groove wire is as follows: the width is 2.88mm, the height is 1.88mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.74, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.76mm, and the processing rate is 3%. The mould angle is 6 degrees, and the mould material is that the size is stable better, wear-resisting diamond mould.
Example 2
Selecting a commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, wherein the material is C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2.56mm by adopting a multi-mode wire drawing machine for 10 times; the processing rate of each pass is about 20 percent, and the drawing speed is 140 m/min. Putting a copper wire with the diameter of 2.56mm into an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for carrying outAnnealing under atmosphere protection, wherein the annealing temperature is 260 ℃, the annealing time is 3H and the atmosphere is 1% H according to different annealing specifications2And 99% N2And (5) protecting the mixed atmosphere. The first rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from phi 2.56mm into a rectangle with 2.65 x 1.75mm, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 9.9%. The second pass rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width of the groove line is 2.65mm, the height is 1.7mm, the diameter of the semicircular groove is 0.60mm, and the processing rate is 5.9%. The third rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface, the width of the copper wire is 2.64mm, the height of the copper wire is 1.65mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.60, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.62mm, and the processing rate is 9.5%. The three-pass rolling deformation is one-time continuous rolling, and the rolling speed is 140 m/min. Stretching the semi-finished product formed by rolling to the design size by adopting a die, wherein the specification of the finally formed copper groove wire is as follows: the width is 2.62mm, the height is 1.63mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.66, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.64mm, and the processing rate is 3%. The mould angle is 6 degrees, and the mould material is that the size is stable better, wear-resisting diamond mould.
Example 3
Selecting a commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, wherein the material is C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2.28mm by 11 passes through a multi-die wire drawing machine; the processing rate of each pass is about 20 percent, and the drawing speed is 160 m/min. The copper wire with the diameter of 2.86mm is placed in an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for atmosphere protection annealing, the annealing temperature is 250 ℃, the annealing time is 4 hours according to different annealing specifications, and the atmosphere is 1% H2And 99% N2And (5) protecting the mixed atmosphere. The first rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from phi 2.28mm into a rectangle with 2.35 x 1.57mm, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 9.6%. The second pass rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width of the groove line is 2.35mm, the height is 1.52mm, the diameter of the semicircular groove is 0.50mm, and the processing rate is 5.8%. The third rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface, the width of the copper wire is 2.30mm, the height of the copper wire is 1.48mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.50, and the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.50The degree was 0.52mm, and the working ratio was 10%. The three-pass rolling deformation is one-time continuous rolling, and the rolling speed is 160 m/min. Stretching the semi-finished product formed by rolling to the design size by adopting a die, wherein the specification of the finally formed copper groove wire is as follows: the width is 2.28mm, the height is 1.46mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.53, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.55mm, and the processing rate is 3%. The mould angle is 6 degrees, and the mould material is that the size is stable better, wear-resisting diamond mould.
Example 4
Selecting a commercially available copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, wherein the material is C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2.04mm by adopting a multi-mode wire drawing machine for 12 times; the processing rate of each pass is about 20 percent, and the drawing speed is 180 m/min. The copper wire with the diameter of 2.04mm is placed in an atmosphere protection annealing furnace for atmosphere protection annealing, the annealing temperature is 250 ℃, the annealing time is 2 hours according to different annealing specifications, and the atmosphere is 1% H2And 99% N2And (5) protecting the mixed atmosphere. The first rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from phi 2.04mm to a rectangle with 2.20 x 1.47mm, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 10%. The second pass rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width of the groove line is 2.20mm, the height is 1.42mm, the diameter of the semicircular groove is 0.40mm, and the processing rate is 5.3%. The third rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface, the width of the copper wire is 2.15mm, the height of the copper wire is 1.38mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.40, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.42mm, and the processing rate is 10%. The three-pass rolling deformation is one-time continuous rolling, and the rolling speed is 180 m/min. Stretching the semi-finished product formed by rolling to the design size by adopting a die, wherein the specification of the finally formed copper groove wire is as follows: the width is 2.13mm, the height is 1.36mm, the width of the U-shaped groove is 0.46, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 0.44mm, and the processing rate is 3%. The mould angle is 6 degrees, and the mould material is that the size is stable better, wear-resisting diamond mould.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a U-shaped copper slot wire for an NbTi/Cu superconducting wire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting a copper bar with the diameter of 8mm, and drawing the copper bar to the diameter of 2 mm-3 mm by a wire drawing machine for multiple times;
wherein the copper bar with the diameter of 8mm is made of C10100 high-purity oxygen-free copper, the processing rate of each pass is 20%, and the drawing speed is 100-200 m/min;
step 2, placing the drawn copper wire in 1% H2And 99% N2Annealing for 2-4h at the temperature of 250-270 ℃ in an annealing furnace protected by mixed atmosphere;
and 3, carrying out 3-pass rolling forming on the annealed copper wire, and specifically comprising the following steps:
the first rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle from a circle, the width-height ratio of the rectangle is 1.5, and the processing rate is 7-10%; the second pass rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled into a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface from a rectangle, the width is kept unchanged, and the processing rate is 4-6%; the third rolling process comprises the following steps: the copper wire is rolled from a rectangle with a semicircular groove on the upper surface into a rectangle with a U-shaped groove on the upper surface, the width and the thickness of the copper wire have processing rates at the same time, and the processing rate is 7-10%; the three-pass rolling deformation is one-time continuous rolling, and the rolling speed range is 100-150 m/min;
and 4, stretching the semi-finished product formed by rolling to a designed size by adopting a die.
2. The method for preparing a U-shaped copper slot line for NbTi/Cu superconducting wires according to claim 1, wherein a diamond mold is adopted in the step 4, the angle of the mold is 6 degrees, and the processing rate is 2-3%.
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