CN108732805B - Display substrate, display panel and display device - Google Patents
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- CN108732805B CN108732805B CN201810522309.5A CN201810522309A CN108732805B CN 108732805 B CN108732805 B CN 108732805B CN 201810522309 A CN201810522309 A CN 201810522309A CN 108732805 B CN108732805 B CN 108732805B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display device, wherein the display substrate comprises a substrate and pixel units arranged on the substrate in an array mode, the length direction and the row direction of the pixel units form a preset angle, so that the contrast ratio in a preset visual angle range of the display substrate meets a preset condition, and the preset angle is smaller than 90 degrees; the direction of the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules can be changed by changing the angle of the length direction of the pixel units against the column direction, so that the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is changed, the symmetry of the light emergent direction can be improved, and the contrast in the preset visual angle range (such as the area A) of the display substrate meets the preset condition (such as CR >650 of the area A in German 5.0).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display substrate, a display panel and a display device.
Background
Because the light source for displaying by the display panel has a certain directivity after being refracted and reflected, the color distortion phenomenon can be generated when the light source is observed beyond the visual angle range. The size of the viewing angle of the display panel determines the size of the viewing range of the user and the optimal viewing angle. At present, the visual angle test in the display industry requires that the total white (L255) brightness/total black (L0 brightness) >10 (hereinafter, the ratio of L255: L0 brightness is simply referred to as contrast ratio CR) is the visual angle of the display panel.
With the continuous progress of display technology and the continuous improvement of display quality requirements of customers, the viewing angle requirements of display products are also continuously improved, especially in the products of vehicle-mounted and public displays, the latest vehicle-mounted german standard has stipulated that CR >650 within a specific viewing angle range (namely, a region a: the vertical viewing angle range is +/-40 degrees, and the horizontal viewing angle range is-10 degrees to 20 degrees), and the arrangement mode of pixel units on the existing display substrate causes that the common IPS/ADS/HADS mode products are difficult to reach the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display device, which are used for improving the contrast ratio of a display product in a specific visual angle range.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a display substrate, including: the display substrate comprises a substrate and pixel units arranged on the substrate in an array mode, wherein a preset angle is formed between the length direction and the row direction of each pixel unit, so that the contrast within a preset visual angle range of the display substrate meets a preset condition, and the preset angle is smaller than 90 degrees.
Optionally, the preset angle is greater than or equal to 2 ° and less than or equal to 30 °.
Optionally, the preset angle is greater than or equal to 2 ° and less than or equal to 5 °.
Optionally, the display substrate further includes an alignment film formed on the pixel unit, and an alignment direction of the alignment film is perpendicular to a length direction of the pixel unit.
Optionally, the display substrate further includes a polarizer attached to a side of the substrate away from the pixel unit, and an absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel to or perpendicular to a length direction of the pixel unit.
Optionally, the display substrate further includes gate lines and data lines arranged on the substrate in a crossing manner, the gate lines and the data lines are divided to form the pixel units, the gate lines extend in a row direction, and the data lines extend in a column direction.
Optionally, the preset viewing angle range is: the viewing angle range in the column direction is greater than or equal to-40 ° and less than or equal to 40 °, and the viewing angle range in the row direction is greater than or equal to-10 ° and less than or equal to 20 °.
Optionally, the display substrate is an array substrate or a color film substrate.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further discloses a display panel including the display substrate according to any one of the above aspects.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention also discloses a display device including the display substrate described in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the application provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display device, wherein the display substrate comprises a substrate and pixel units arranged on the substrate in an array mode, the length direction and the row direction of the pixel units form a preset angle, so that the contrast ratio in a preset visual angle range of the display substrate meets a preset condition, and the preset angle is smaller than 90 degrees; the direction of the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules can be changed by changing the angle of the length direction of the pixel units against the column direction, so that the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is changed, the symmetry of the light emergent direction can be improved, and the contrast in the preset visual angle range (such as the area A) of the display substrate meets the preset condition (such as CR >650 of the area A in German 5.0).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view illustrating an arrangement of a pixel unit of a display substrate in the prior art;
FIG. 2 illustrates a contrast profile of a prior art display substrate at various viewing angles;
FIG. 3 shows minimum contrast values for different viewing angle ranges under several criteria;
fig. 4 is a schematic plan view illustrating a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic plan view illustrating a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the display substrate includes a first distribution of gate lines and data lines;
fig. 6 is a schematic plan view illustrating a display substrate including a second gate line and data line distribution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a planar structure of an alignment film formed on a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 shows a contrast ratio distribution of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present application at various viewing angles.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
In the prior art, the pixel units on the display substrate are arranged as shown in fig. 1, and the length direction i of the pixel units is consistent with the column direction j of the pixel units. However, actually measuring the contrast of the display substrate under such pixel unit arrangement at each viewing angle, as shown in fig. 2, a wire frame shows the contrast distribution in the region a, and it can be seen from the figure that the contrast at the upper right corner is less than 650, which cannot meet the requirement of German 5.0. Referring to FIG. 3, it is shown that under various criteria including German 5.0, German4.5.2, 10 "& 10.25" SPEC, the A + region, the A region and the B region have minimum contrast values in various viewing angle ranges, wherein the A + region has a vertical viewing angle range of + -10 DEG and a horizontal viewing angle range of-4 DEG to 8 DEG; the vertical visual angle range of the area A is +/-40 degrees, and the horizontal visual angle range is-10 degrees to 20 degrees; the vertical viewing angle range of zone B is 50 °, and the horizontal viewing angle range is-10 ° to 20 °.
An embodiment of the present application provides a display substrate, including a display area a and a non-display area B, referring to fig. 4, where the display substrate of the display area a may include a substrate 41 and pixel units 42 arranged on the substrate 41 in an array, a length direction z of each pixel unit 42 and a column direction y form a preset angle α, so that a contrast ratio within a preset viewing angle range of the display substrate satisfies a preset condition, and the preset angle α is smaller than 90 °.
Specifically, the pixel units 42 are arrayed in the row direction x and the column direction y. The length direction z of the pixel unit 42 refers to a direction in which the pixel unit 42 extends close to the column direction, for example, the pixel unit 42 in fig. 4 is a rectangle, which has two extending directions: one extending in the row direction and one extending in the column direction, corresponding to the short and long sides of the rectangle in fig. 4, respectively. When the short side of the rectangle of the pixel unit 42 extends close to the column direction, the length direction of the pixel unit 42 at this time corresponds to the extending direction of the short side. The longitudinal direction z of the pixel unit 42 may be clockwise or counterclockwise shifted by a predetermined angle α with respect to the column direction y. In practical applications, the structure of the pixel unit 42 having the predetermined angle α between the length direction z and the column direction y can be formed by changing the structure of a mask, for example.
The preset viewing angle range may be, for example, a viewing angle range of a region a: the viewing angle range is greater than or equal to-40 ° and less than or equal to 40 ° in the column direction, and the viewing angle range is greater than or equal to-10 ° and less than or equal to 20 ° in the row direction, although the preset viewing angle range in the embodiment is not limited to this viewing angle range. The contrast satisfying the preset condition may refer to, for example, a criterion of contrast CR >650 in the region a in the German 5.0 criterion, but the preset condition in the present embodiment is not limited to this criterion requirement.
Compared with the prior art in which the length direction of the pixel units is the same as the column direction of the pixel units, the display substrate provided in this embodiment can change the direction of the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules by rotating the length direction of the pixel units by the predetermined angle α with the column direction, and further change the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby improving the symmetry of the light exiting direction and enabling the contrast ratio in the predetermined viewing angle range (e.g., region a) of the display substrate to satisfy the predetermined condition (e.g., CR >650 in region a in German 5.0).
In practical applications, the display substrate in the above embodiment may further include a gate line 51 and a data line 52 that are arranged on the substrate 41 in a crossing manner, and the gate line 51 and the data line 52 are divided to form the pixel unit 42, where the gate line 51 may extend along the row direction x and the data line 52 may extend along the column direction y, as shown in fig. 5.
Referring to fig. 6, the gate line 51 may also be a broken line structure perpendicular to the length direction z of the adjacent pixel unit within each pixel unit, that is, the gate line 51 adjacent to each pixel unit is perpendicular to the length direction z of the corresponding pixel unit. Of course, the data lines 52 may also be a broken line structure parallel to the length direction z of the adjacent pixel units within each pixel unit according to the arrangement of the pixel units, that is, the data lines 52 adjacent to each pixel unit are parallel to the length direction z of the corresponding pixel unit. In the case where the gate line 51 and/or the data line 52 have a meander line structure, the aperture ratio of each pixel unit can be increased since the pixel unit is closely fitted thereto.
Specifically, the preset angle α in the above embodiment may be greater than or equal to 2 ° and less than or equal to 30 °. Setting the predetermined angle to greater than or equal to 2 ° and less than or equal to 5 ° for most products generally enables a CR >650 for region a in the German 5.0 standard. The specific angle of predetermineeing can be confirmed according to factors such as different product design structures and actual measurement results, and this application does not do the restriction to the specific numerical value of predetermineeing the angle.
In practical applications, the display substrate in the above embodiment further includes an alignment film 71 formed on the pixel unit 42, and in order to further improve the contrast of the display substrate, referring to fig. 7, an alignment direction k of the alignment film 71 is perpendicular to the length direction z of the pixel unit 42.
The alignment direction k of the alignment film 71 is a rubbing direction in the manufacturing process of the alignment film 71. By making the alignment direction k of the alignment film 71 perpendicular to the length direction z of the pixel unit 42, the symmetry of the light exiting direction can be further improved by changing the pretilt angle direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and the contrast ratio of the display substrate within the preset viewing angle range can be further improved.
In order to further improve the contrast or transmittance of the display substrate, the display substrate may further include a polarizer attached to the side of the substrate 41 away from the pixel unit, and the absorption axis direction of the polarizer is parallel or perpendicular to the length direction z of the pixel unit 42.
Specifically, the display substrate in each of the embodiments may be an array substrate or a color film substrate. When the display substrate is an array substrate, for example, the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the array substrate side may be parallel to the length direction z of the pixel unit 42; the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the color filter substrate side may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction z of the pixel unit 42. It should be noted that the arrangement relationship between the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the array substrate side and the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the color filter substrate side and the longitudinal direction z of the pixel unit 42 is not limited thereto, and may be specifically determined according to the normally white or normally black mode in practical applications.
Another embodiment of the present application further provides a display panel including the display substrate according to any one of the above embodiments.
Specifically, the display panel may include an array substrate and a color filter substrate which are oppositely disposed, and a liquid crystal layer filled between the array substrate and the color filter substrate. The array substrate and/or the color filter substrate may be the display substrate structure described in any of the embodiments.
When the alignment directions of the alignment films on the array substrate and the color film substrate are both perpendicular to the length direction of the pixel unit, the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the array substrate side is parallel to the length direction of the pixel unit, and the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the color film substrate side is perpendicular to the length direction of the pixel unit, the contrast distribution diagram of the display panel under the structure in different visual angle ranges is shown with reference to fig. 8, and as can be seen from the figure, the contrast in the range of the area a is both greater than 650, and meets the German 5.0 standard.
Another embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, including the display substrate according to any one of the above embodiments.
The display device in this embodiment may be: any product or component with a display function, such as a display panel, electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator and the like.
The embodiment of the application provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display device, wherein the display substrate comprises a substrate and pixel units arranged on the substrate in an array mode, the length direction and the row direction of the pixel units form a preset angle, so that the contrast ratio in a preset visual angle range of the display substrate meets a preset condition, and the preset angle is smaller than 90 degrees; the direction of the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules can be changed by rotating the length direction of the pixel unit, so that the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is changed, the symmetry of the light emergent direction can be improved, and the contrast ratio in a preset visual angle range (such as an area A) of the display substrate meets a preset condition (such as CR >650 of the area A in German 5.0).
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The display substrate, the display panel and the display device provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A display substrate, comprising: the display substrate comprises a substrate and pixel units arranged on the substrate in an array mode, wherein the length direction and the row direction of the pixel units form a preset angle, so that the contrast ratio in a preset visual angle range of the display substrate meets a preset condition, and the preset angle is smaller than 90 degrees;
the preset angle is greater than or equal to 2 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees;
the display substrate further comprises grid lines and data lines which are arranged on the substrate in a crossed mode, the grid lines and the data lines are divided to form the pixel units, the grid lines extend along the row direction, and the data lines extend along the column direction;
the grid lines and the data lines are of a broken line structure, the grid lines close to the long edges of the pixel units are parallel to the long edges of the pixel units, and the data lines close to the short edges of the pixel units are parallel to the short edges of the pixel units.
2. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the predetermined angle is greater than or equal to 2 ° and less than or equal to 5 °.
3. The substrate of claim 1, further comprising an alignment film formed on the pixel unit, wherein an alignment direction of the alignment film is perpendicular to a length direction of the pixel unit.
4. The display substrate of claim 1, further comprising a polarizer attached to the side of the substrate facing away from the pixel unit, wherein the absorption axis of the polarizer is parallel or perpendicular to the length direction of the pixel unit.
5. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the predetermined viewing angle range is: the viewing angle range in the column direction is greater than or equal to-40 ° and less than or equal to 40 °, and the viewing angle range in the row direction is greater than or equal to-10 ° and less than or equal to 20 °.
6. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the display substrate is an array substrate or a color filter substrate.
7. A display panel comprising the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A display device comprising the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810522309.5A CN108732805B (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Display substrate, display panel and display device |
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| CN201810522309.5A CN108732805B (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Display substrate, display panel and display device |
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| CN108732805A CN108732805A (en) | 2018-11-02 |
| CN108732805B true CN108732805B (en) | 2021-09-14 |
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