CN108732803B - Liquid crystal light-adjusting laminated glass - Google Patents
Liquid crystal light-adjusting laminated glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN108732803B CN108732803B CN201810465999.5A CN201810465999A CN108732803B CN 108732803 B CN108732803 B CN 108732803B CN 201810465999 A CN201810465999 A CN 201810465999A CN 108732803 B CN108732803 B CN 108732803B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal glass, in particular to liquid crystal dimming laminated glass which comprises a liquid crystal layer, an inner laminated layer and an outer laminated layer, wherein the inner laminated layer sequentially comprises a first conductive substrate, a first bonding layer and a first glass substrate from the liquid crystal layer to the inside, the outer laminated layer sequentially comprises a second conductive substrate, a second bonding layer and a second glass substrate from the liquid crystal layer to the outside, and the first conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of a power supply, and the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass is characterized in that: the product of the total transmittance of the visible light of the inner lamination and the total transmittance of the visible light of the outer lamination is 8% -40%, the liquid crystal layer can be reversibly converted between a transparent state and a semitransparent state by switching on and off the power supply, and the visible light transmittances of the liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass are 20% -50% and 2% -20% respectively in a power-off state. Has the advantages that: the one-way visual effect is good, and the two-way visual effect and the one-way visual effect can be switched according to the requirement.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal glass, in particular to liquid crystal dimming laminated glass which is particularly suitable for privacy car windows.
Background art:
with the improvement of living standard and the acceleration of life rhythm of people, the automobile becomes a necessity of life. The frequency of use of automobiles for activities such as office work, travel, etc. has increased, and people have increasingly demanded privacy functions of automobiles. Ideally, passengers inside the vehicle can clearly see the gorgeous scenery outside the vehicle, and pedestrians outside the vehicle cannot see the situation inside the vehicle. The one-way visible glass is not only beneficial to protecting privacy and increasing property safety, but also can effectively reduce ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation, save energy and improve the comfort of riding.
In the prior art, various unidirectional visual glasses are disclosed, for example, a high-reflection and low-transmission filmed or coated glass disclosed in chinese patents CN203732845U, CN102730984B and CN103786396A, the scene in the brighter side can be seen from the darker side; and the dark side scene is not clearly seen when seen from the bright side. However, due to the high reflection, if the lamp of the oncoming vehicle is directly irradiated on the glass, the strong reflection may endanger the driving safety of the oncoming vehicle.
Also, as disclosed in U.S. patent nos. US005952255A and 20010025002A, dark colored glass with high absorption and low transmittance is visible from the outside of the vehicle, and is invisible from the outside of the vehicle. Although privacy is protected, the bidirectional visual function cannot be realized, and communication between personnel inside and outside the vehicle is inconvenient when necessary, such as police and other law enforcement personnel can not see the inside of the vehicle when needing to communicate with a vehicle owner, and law enforcement is affected. In addition, the low-transmission glass has weak light in the vehicle, so that pupils need to be enlarged when the external environment is observed, and visual fatigue is easily caused after a long time.
For example, the prism combined glass disclosed in chinese patents CN204215101U and CN105093364A can realize one-way visual function, but also can not realize two-way visual function. And the production of the prism combination glass is complex and the cost is high.
In summary, although the privacy in the car is protected by the existing one-way visual glass, the two-way visibility cannot be realized, and the communication between the people inside and outside the car is inconvenient when necessary. Therefore, privacy glass which can realize one-way visibility and two-way visibility is urgently needed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problems of unidirectional visual glass, and provides liquid crystal dimming laminated glass with adjustable visual effect and low haze.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a liquid crystal sandwich glass that adjusts luminance, includes the liquid crystal layer, is located the inboard stromatolite of the inboard of liquid crystal layer with be located the outside stromatolite in the outside of liquid crystal layer, inboard stromatolite certainly the liquid crystal layer inwards includes first electrically conductive basement, first tie coat and first glass substrate in proper order, the outside stromatolite certainly the liquid crystal layer outwards includes second electrically conductive basement, second tie coat and second glass substrate in proper order, the electrically connected both ends in the power respectively of first electrically conductive basement and second electrically conductive basement, its characterized in that: the product of the total transmittance of the visible light of the inner laminated layer and the total transmittance of the visible light of the outer laminated layer is 8% -40%, the liquid crystal layer can be reversibly switched between a transparent state and a semitransparent state by switching on and off the power supply, and the visible light transmittances of the liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass are 20% -50% and 2% -20% respectively in a power-off state.
Further, the visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer in the power-off state is 35% -45%.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the polymer to the liquid crystal particles in the liquid crystal layer is (1.2-1.8) to 1.
Furthermore, the total visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass in the power-off state is 3-10%.
Further, the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate is 10% to 50%, and the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate is 16% to 80%.
Further, the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate is less than the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate.
Further, the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate is 25% to 35%, and the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate is 40% to 60%.
Further, at least one of the first conductive base, the first bonding layer and the first glass substrate is dark, and at least one of the second conductive base, the second bonding layer and the second glass substrate is dark.
Further, the first conductive substrate is a dark conductive substrate with a visible light transmittance of 25% to 35%.
Further, the second conductive substrate is a dark conductive substrate with a visible light transmittance of 40% -60%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass can be switched between bidirectional visualization and unidirectional visualization according to needs, and has a scattering function due to low haze of the liquid crystal layer, so that the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass has a better unidirectional visualization effect compared with the traditional unidirectional visualization glass.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to the present invention;
reference numerals in the drawings indicate: 1 is a liquid crystal layer, 2 is an inner lamination, 21 is a first conductive substrate, 22 is a first adhesive layer, 23 is a first glass substrate, 3 is an outer lamination, 31 is a second conductive substrate, 32 is a second adhesive layer, and 33 is a second glass substrate.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the liquid crystal light-adjusting laminated glass according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal layer 1, an inner laminated layer 2 located inside the liquid crystal layer 1, and an outer laminated layer 3 located outside the liquid crystal layer 1, where the inner laminated layer 2 includes a first conductive substrate 21, a first adhesive layer 22, and a first glass substrate 23 in sequence from the liquid crystal layer 1, the outer laminated layer 3 includes a second conductive substrate 31, a second adhesive layer 32, and a second glass substrate 33 in sequence from the liquid crystal layer 1, and the first conductive substrate 21 and the second conductive substrate 31 are respectively electrically connected to two ends of a power supply, and is characterized in that: the product of the total transmittance of the visible light of the inner laminated layer 2 and the total transmittance of the visible light of the outer laminated layer 3 is 8% -40%, the liquid crystal layer 1 can be reversibly switched between a transparent state and a semitransparent state by switching on and off the power supply, and the visible light transmittances of the liquid crystal layer 1 and the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass are 20% -50% and 2% -20% respectively in a power-off state.
The traditional privacy glass is generally gray glass, the light transmittance is generally between 8% and 18%, unidirectional visibility is realized mainly by using a darkroom effect, and the effect is related to the difference between the internal brightness and the external brightness. Because the environment outside the vehicle is bright, the light in the vehicle is relatively dark, and the condition in the vehicle cannot be seen when the dark vehicle is observed from the outside of the vehicle; when the bright outside of the vehicle is observed from the inside of the vehicle, the pupils of people in the vehicle become bigger, and the environment outside the vehicle can be clearly and comfortably seen.
The traditional liquid crystal layer has liquid crystal grains in 50-70 wt% and visible light transmittance lower than 2% in power off state. The invention obtains the liquid crystal layer with certain light transmittance by reducing the concentration of the liquid crystal, wherein the polymer part in the liquid crystal layer is transparent, and the liquid crystal particles in the liquid crystal layer are opaque under the condition of no power supply and have a scattering function.
When the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass is used as vehicle window glass, the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass has a one-way visual effect in a power-off state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 1 is 20% to 50%, the liquid crystal layer 1 has only slight haze, and the total visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is controlled to be 2% to 20%, so that only weak light can transmit. Because the inside of the automobile is close to the glass when being observed, the scene outside the automobile can be observed from the inside of the automobile, and the outside of the automobile is far from the glass when being observed (when the distance is more than 0.8 m), the scene inside the automobile can not be observed due to the scattering of the liquid crystal particles, and only a piece in a white and a vast area can be seen, which is similar to the invisible effect of the screen window. Under the condition that the light intensity difference between the inside and the outside of the vehicle is large, the effect is more obvious.
When the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass is used as the vehicle window glass, the liquid crystal layer becomes transparent in a power-on state, the visible light transmittance of a vehicle window is increased to 10% -40%, scattering of liquid crystal molecules is avoided, the outside view of a vehicle seen from the inside of the vehicle is clearer and more comfortable, the inside of the vehicle can be clearly seen from the outside of the vehicle, and communication between persons inside and outside the vehicle is facilitated.
In the present invention, the liquid crystal layer 1 may be a conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal for a light control glass, and is formed by dispersing liquid crystal particles in a polymer. The kind of the liquid crystal particles includes, but is not limited to, positive liquid crystals such as single crystals or mixed crystals of terphenyl-based liquid crystals, acetylene bridge-based liquid crystals, bicyclohexane-based liquid crystals, phenylcyclohexane-based liquid crystals, and the like. The polymer material includes but is not limited to poly (meth) acrylic acid and poly (meth) acrylate, and the poly (meth) acrylate species include but are not limited to polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, polypropyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, polyhydroxypropyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polyhydroxybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, polypropyl acrylate, polyisopropyl methacrylate, polyhydroxypropyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyhydroxybutyl methacrylate.
In the present invention, the first conductive substrate 21 and the second conductive substrate 31 may be ultra-thin glass, and may also be a transparent polyester material, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or Polycarbonate (PC), and a conductive layer is disposed on the surfaces of the first conductive substrate 21 and the second conductive substrate 31. The first adhesive layer 22 and the second adhesive layer 32 are transparent thermoplastic polymer film layers, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and the like. Preferably, the inner and outer plies are each bonded by a PVB lamination process.
Preferably, the visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 1 in the power-off state is 35% to 45%, and the total visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass in the power-off state is 3% to 10%. By adopting the visible light transmittance within the range, the haze of the liquid crystal dimming glass can be ensured to be low enough, and the one-way visual effect can be ensured, so that the outside of the vehicle can be seen clearly in the vehicle.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the polymer to the liquid crystal particles in the liquid crystal layer 1 is (1.2-1.8) to 1. The liquid crystal layer can be made to have a visible light transmittance of 20% to 50%, such as 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45%, in the power-off state by setting the liquid crystal particles in the concentration range.
Further, the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate 2 is 10% to 50%, and the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate 3 is 16% to 80%, and preferably, the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate 2 is smaller than the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate 3. Under the condition that the total transmittance of the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass is not changed, the outer scene of the vehicle seen from the inside of the vehicle is clearer by adopting the inner laminated layer 2 and the outer laminated layer 3 within the transmittance range, and the one-way visual effect is better in the condition that the vehicle is more difficult to see from the outside of the vehicle. More preferably, the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate 2 is 25% to 35%, and the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate 3 is 40% to 60%.
Further, at least one of the first conductive base 21, the first adhesive layer 22 and the first glass substrate 23 has a dark color, and at least one of the second conductive base 31, the second adhesive layer 32 and the second glass substrate 33 has a dark color. By setting one of the inner laminate and one of the outer laminate as a dark layer, the visible light transmittances of the inner laminate and the outer laminate can be adjusted to an appropriate range.
In the present invention, in order to reduce the production cost and the process difficulty, the inner lamination and the outer lamination may employ a combination of a dark conductive base and a transparent glass substrate. Preferably, the first conductive substrate 21 is a dark conductive substrate having a visible light transmittance of 25% to 35%, and the second conductive substrate 31 is a dark conductive substrate having a visible light transmittance of 40% to 60%.
The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples.
Tables 1 to 3 below respectively show the laminated structures of examples 1 to 3 of the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to the present invention, and the visible light transmittance when the liquid crystal layer is in the off/on state. The first glass substrate 23 and the second glass substrate 33 are made of ordinary float glass, the first bonding layer 22 and the second bonding layer 32 are made of PVB, the first conductive substrate 21 and the second conductive substrate 31 are made of PET substrates, and ITO conductive layers are arranged on the surfaces of the PET substrates.
In the liquid crystal layer of example 1, the mass ratio of the polymer to the liquid crystal particles was 1.2: 1; in the liquid crystal layer of example 2, the mass ratio of the polymer to the liquid crystal particles was 1.4: 1; in the liquid crystal layer of example 3, the mass ratio of the polymer to the liquid crystal particles was 1.2: 1.
Table 1: laminated structure and visible light transmittance of first liquid crystal dimming laminated glass
Table 2: laminated structure and visible light transmittance of second liquid crystal dimming laminated glass
Table 3: lamination structure and visible light transmittance of third liquid crystal dimming laminated glass
The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass described in embodiments 1 to 3 can be switched between bidirectional visibility and unidirectional visibility. Under the outage state, can realize one-way visual, under the on state, the visible light transmissivity of door window increases, can realize two-way visual.
The above description specifically describes a liquid crystal light-adjusting laminated glass according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above description, and therefore, any improvements, equivalent modifications, substitutions, and the like made according to the technical gist of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a liquid crystal laminated glass that adjusts luminance, liquid crystal laminated glass that adjusts luminance is window glass, includes liquid crystal layer (1), is located inboard stromatolite (2) of the inboard of liquid crystal layer (1) and being located outside stromatolite (3) in the outside of liquid crystal layer (1), inboard stromatolite (2) certainly liquid crystal layer (1) is inwards including first electrically conductive basement (21), first tie coat (22) and first glass substrate (23) in proper order, outside stromatolite (3) certainly liquid crystal layer (1) outwards includes second electrically conductive basement (31), second tie coat (32) and second glass substrate (33) in proper order, the both ends at the power are connected respectively to first electrically conductive basement (21) and second electrically conductive basement (31), its characterized in that: the product of the total transmittance of the visible light of the inner lamination layer (2) and the total transmittance of the visible light of the outer lamination layer (3) is 8% -40%, the liquid crystal layer (1) comprises polymers and liquid crystal particles, the mass ratio of the polymers to the liquid crystal particles of the liquid crystal layer (1) is (1.2-1.8): 1, the liquid crystal layer (1) can be reversibly converted between a transparent state and a semitransparent state by switching on and off a power supply, the liquid crystal dimming sandwich glass can be switched between bidirectional visibility and unidirectional visibility, the visible light transmittances of the liquid crystal layer (1) and the liquid crystal dimming sandwich glass are 20% -50% and 2% -20% respectively in a power-off state, and the liquid crystal particles have a scattering function; the total visible light transmittance of the inner laminate (2) is 10% to 50%, and the total visible light transmittance of the outer laminate (3) is 16% to 80%.
2. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein: the visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer (1) in the power-off state is 35-45%.
3. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein: the total visible light transmittance of the liquid crystal dimming laminated glass in the power-off state is 3% -10%.
4. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein: the total transmittance of visible light of the inner laminate (2) is less than the total transmittance of visible light of the outer laminate (3).
5. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein: the total visible light transmittance of the inner laminate (2) is 25 to 35%, and the total visible light transmittance of the outer laminate (3) is 40 to 60%.
6. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein: at least one of the first conductive base (21), the first bonding layer (22) and the first glass substrate (23) is dark, and at least one of the second conductive base (31), the second bonding layer (32) and the second glass substrate (33) is dark.
7. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein: the first conductive substrate (21) is a dark conductive substrate with a visible light transmittance of 25% -35%.
8. The liquid crystal dimming laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein: the second conductive substrate (31) is a dark conductive substrate with a visible light transmittance of 40-60%.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210025226A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2021-01-28 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Light control body and light control windowpane |
| CN113581120B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-06-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | In-vehicle isolation system and in-vehicle isolation method |
| CN112659679A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Ultraviolet-isolating and blue-light-preventing laminated glass capable of adjusting light or emitting light |
| CN112882293B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-13 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Sandwich functional glass |
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| JP6996104B2 (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2022-01-17 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Dimming sheet |
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| CN102654666A (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-05 | 苏州汉朗光电有限公司 | Smectic phase liquid crystal dimming sheet and manufacturing method thereof |
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