CN108732116A - A kind of open absorption spectrometer system - Google Patents
A kind of open absorption spectrometer system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108732116A CN108732116A CN201810532653.2A CN201810532653A CN108732116A CN 108732116 A CN108732116 A CN 108732116A CN 201810532653 A CN201810532653 A CN 201810532653A CN 108732116 A CN108732116 A CN 108732116A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of open absorption spectrometer systems, belong to spectrum analysis field, including：Physical unit, signal conversion and collecting unit, key control unit, data processing unit, the physical unit, signal conversion are sequentially connected with collecting unit, key control unit, data processing unit；Open absorption spectrometer system provided by the invention, reduces the energy consumption of device itself to the full extent, while reducing equipment volume, the portability for improving equipment of high degree, and possibility is provided for instrument broader practice field；Internal system program is controllable, with miscellaneous equipment convenient and fast communication, reduces the complexity of operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectrum analysis field more particularly to a kind of open absorption spectrometer systems.
Background technology
Each substance can show the light of exclusive absorption and (or) transmitting under the action of certain special wavelength light
Spectrum signature, the modern spectral technique to grow up in this exclusive feature base of substance, possess detectable limit it is low, detection spirit
Many advantages, such as sensitivity is high, detection time is short.Absorption spectrum is analysis method highly developed in modern spectral technique, in chemistry
Analysis, environmentology detection, chromatography, optical mirror slip absorb and Transmissivity measurement, food inspection, biochemistry, life science,
The numerous areas such as medicine and pharmacy industry are almost related to reason, change, is raw, all researchs and the technical field such as doctor using very extensive.
Traditional absorption spectrometer due to it is expensive, volume is big, it is complicated for operation, need special messenger to safeguard the features such as, make
It can only be used, even the high user of professional grade, due to profession always by being specially equipped with operating personnel in the lab
The limitation in field, operation principle, high integration complicated circuit for instrument internal component can not also show have special
Industry grade can only serve as simple user in face of powerful modern technologies, let alone develop and expand on the original basis
The excellent technology of the professional applicability of exhibition.With light splitting component and light splitting technology, detection device and detection technique, large-scale integrated
The fast development of manufacturing technology etc. and the extensive use of microcontroller, microprocessor, microcontroller, computer and DSP technologies,
While pursuing accurate, quick, reliable, miniaturization, intelligence, onlineization, networking become the new increasing of modern spectral range
Long point and following development trend.
Invention content
It, can in order to overcome defect existing in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of open absorption spectrometer system
System energy consumption is enough reduced, saves space, and the portability of equipment can be improved.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of open absorption spectrometer system, including：
Physical unit, signal conversion and collecting unit, key control unit, data processing unit, the physical unit includes exciting light
Source, convex lens A, convex lens B, entrance slit, sample cell, exit slit, grating, fully-reflected plane mirror；Signal conversion with
Collecting unit includes photodiode, signal modulation circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit；The key control unit includes power supply, micro-
Processor, microcontroller；The physical unit, signal conversion and collecting unit, key control unit, data processing unit are successively
Connection.
Further, the excitation light source, convex lens A, convex lens B, entrance slit, sample cell, exit slit, light
Grid, fully-reflected plane mirror are bottom-up to be set gradually.
Further, ratio gears group is connected with below the fully-reflected plane mirror, the ratio gears group includes actively
Gear and driven gear；Driving gear and driven gear are involute cylindrical gear, and the two is intermeshed, and total reflection is flat
Face mirror is fixed on driven gear, drives driven gear movement by driving gear, and then adjust the angle of fully-reflected plane mirror.
Further, the excitation light source is full spectrum, monochromatic light laser, halogen/xenon lamp combines or LED light, described
Sample cell is cuboid quartz glass samples pond.
Further, the signal conversion and collecting unit further include the bread board for circuit connection configuration, the letter
Number modulation circuit includes signal amplification circuit and signal filter circuit；Signal modulation circuit one end is connected with photodiode, separately
One end is connected with analog to digital conversion circuit.
Further, the signal amplification circuit is LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, and analog-digital conversion circuit as described is
MCP3008 analog-digital converters.
Further, the power supply of the key control unit is the direct current supply of voltage 5V, 1~3A of electric current, core control
The microprocessor of unit is Raspberry Pi, and the microcontroller of key control unit is Arduino UNO rev 3.
Further, the operating steps of the key control unit are as follows：
S1：According to light, electric line connect up, start key control unit, wait for three minutes to system stablize；
S2：Light source is closed, under test environment, dark current is tested, obtains corresponding voltage data (Vd)；
S3：The corresponding solvent of detected solution is loaded in sample cell, is positioned over sample cell position, starts test program, test
Blank current obtains corresponding voltage data (Vb)；
S4：The sample cell that solvent is corresponded to the sample cell substitution filling detected solution of filling detected solution, starts test journey
Sequence obtains corresponding voltage data (Vs), according to formula：
Calculate absorbance (A).
Further, the data processing unit shares the microprocessor of key control unit.
Further, the grating is holographic diffraction grating.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1, ratio gears group is introduced, fully-reflected plane pitch-angle is adjusted by ratio gears group
Degree avoids rotary photoelectric diode and adjusts the angle the error introduced, improves the accuracy of sample detection result, and be easy to adjust
It is whole, it is conveniently operated；
2, by signal conversion with the circuit layout of collecting unit on bread board, realize the opening of system, facilitate and be
The enhancing for function of uniting, can make corresponding change according to different requirements, facilitate realization personalized customization；
3, signal amplification circuit uses LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, and the speed of service is high, and noise is low, and power consumption is small,
And its voltage stability is higher；
4, key control unit selects microprocessor and microcontroller, ensure low-power consumption and it is portable under the premise of, may be used also
To be communicated whenever and wherever possible with other equipment by network, and the cluster operation that demand carries out various scales can be directed to.
5, open absorption spectrometer system provided by the invention, reduces the energy consumption of device itself, together to the full extent
When reduce equipment volume, the portability for improving equipment of high degree provides possibility for instrument broader practice field；System
Internal processes of uniting are controllable, with miscellaneous equipment convenient and fast communication, reduce the complexity of operation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is MCP3008 analog-digital converters schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference numeral is as follows in figure：1, convex lens A, 2, convex lens B, 3, entrance slit, 4, sample cell, 5, exit slit,
6, grating, 7, fully-reflected plane mirror.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, right in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments
The present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of open absorption spectrometer systems, including：Physical unit, signal conversion and acquisition are single
Member, key control unit, data processing unit.
The physical unit for realizing detection sample absorption properties real embodiment, and by signal conversion and collecting unit
It accurately receives, including excitation light source, convex lens A1, convex lens B2, entrance slit 3, sample cell 4, exit slit 5, light
Grid 6, fully-reflected plane mirror 7, and set gradually；The excitation light source contain detection sample institute must wavelength, can be full spectrum,
Monochromatic light laser, halogen/xenon lamp combination or LED light, excitation light source is after convex lens A is assembled, in convex lens A other sides
Focal point is overlapped with convex lens B focuses, preferably, convex lens A is heavy caliber, convex lens B is small-bore；By convex lens A
After the convergence and diverging of convex lens B, collimated light beam is obtained on the outside of convex lens B；Using vernier caliper as 3 He of entrance slit
Exit slit 5 can not only obtain high-precision slit, and in the case where ensureing slit precision, make slit width certain
It is adjustable in range；Using cuboid quartz glass samples pond, the two sides vertical with light path is handled using frosted glass；Preferably,
Grating 6 is holographic diffraction grating, and the light that detection sample absorbs in sample cell 4 is divided into monochromatic light through grating 6, entering signal conversion with
Collecting unit, signal conversion receive the monochromatic light after diffraction with the photodiode in collecting unit.
In order to avoid rotary photoelectric diode carrys out the error that test angle is brought, fully-reflected plane mirror 7 is fixed on ratio
On gear set, ratio gears group includes driving gear and driven gear, and driving gear is involute cylinder with driven gear
Gear, the two engagement, modulus is 1mm, and pressure angle is 20, meets engagement demand.The two reference diameter ratio is dM/dS,
Wherein dM be driving gear diameter, dS be driven gear diameter, when driving gear rotation alpha, driven gear rotation angle be β=
DM/dS × α (formula 1), fully-reflected plane mirror 7 is fixed on the axis of driven gear, by the rotation of driving gear drive from
Moving gear rotates, it is known that driving gear rotation angle α, you can calculates driven gear rotation angle according to formula 1, and then obtains complete
The rotation angle of plane of reflection mirror 7.
Preferably, photodiode is axial parallel with grating planar, by the rotation of fully-reflected plane mirror 7, makes by light
The monochromatic light of a certain characteristic wavelength of 6 diffraction of grid can be detected by photodiode.
The signal conversion and collecting unit, for the optical signal after absorbing to be converted into digital signal, including photoelectricity two
Pole pipe, signal modulation circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit；Preferably, photodiode mixes type semiconductor light using photovoltaic type, PN junction
Electric diode, spectral response range are 200nm to 800nm, and spectrum peak wavelength is selected according to sample characteristics of for example, it is generally the case that
The enhancing of 580nm blue lights, shunt resistance is selected to be not less than 50M, dark current is less than 0.1A, and junction capacity is less than 1.0nF (H=0, V=
0), noise equivalent power is less than 2.4 × 10-14W/Hz-0.5.The signal modulation circuit includes signal amplification circuit and signal filter
Wave circuit, the signal amplification circuit are LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, and analog-digital conversion circuit as described turns for MCP3008 moduluses
Parallel operation；For photodiode characteristic, the transimpedance amplifier circuit layout of reversed amplification mode is taken, realizes current-voltage
Conversion.
The optical signal that photodiode receives is scaled up by LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, then passes through modulus
Conversion circuit is converted into digital signal, then this signal is delivered to key control unit.To realize the opening of system, by signal
The circuit connection configuration of conversion and collecting unit is on bread board；Preferably, the present invention uses the universal bread board in 830 holes, needle
It is connected using standard wire jumper between foot.Preferably, analog to digital conversion circuit selects SPI protocol.
The light beam that excitation light source is sent out passes sequentially through convex lens A1, convex lens B2, then passes through 3 irradiating sample pond of entrance slit
Sample solution in 4, and exit slit 5 and grating 6 are passed sequentially through, optical signal is finally detected by photodiode；Two pole of photoelectricity
Pipe converts optical signals into electric signal and is delivered to signal amplification circuit, passes through mould by the amplified electric signal of signal amplification circuit
Number conversion circuit is converted into digital signal.
The key control unit includes power supply, microprocessor, microcontroller, for being adopted to above-mentioned digital signal
Collection and processing；Preferably, the power supply of key control unit is the direct current supply of voltage 5V, 1~3A of electric current, can be common hand
Machine charger can also be mobile power, and mobile power described herein can meet 12 hours or more continuous power demands；Micro- place
Reason device is Raspberry Pi, can be connected the input equipments such as keyboard, mouse by the USB interface in bus, connect by HDMI
Mouthful, or DP/VGA/DVI is forwarded to by HDMI patchcords, further it is connected with liquid crystal display and is used as output equipment；Microcontroller
Device is Arduino UNO rev 3, realizes the function of data acquisition, collected data storage, can also in circumscribed USB equipment
By network storage in network storage NFS provided by the server (Network File System).
The operating steps of the key control unit are as follows：
S1：According to light, electric line connect up, start key control unit, wait for three minutes to system stablize；
S2：Light source is closed, under test environment, dark current is tested, obtains corresponding voltage data (Vd)；
S3：The corresponding solvent of detected solution is loaded in sample cell, is positioned over sample cell position, starts test program, test
Blank current obtains corresponding voltage data (Vb)；
S4：The sample cell that solvent is corresponded to the sample cell substitution filling detected solution of filling detected solution, starts test journey
Sequence obtains corresponding voltage data (Vs), according to formula：
Calculate absorbance (A).
Extinction coefficient can also be further calculated according to formula
Here, l is optical path length, as sample cell width, and c is solution concentration.
The data processing unit shares microprocessor with key control unit, it is preferred that data processing unit uses face
To the script of object.
The physical unit, signal conversion are sequentially connected with collecting unit, key control unit, data processing unit, real
Now to the acquisition of sample signal, the Photophysical Characterizations data such as absorbance of sample are obtained.
Embodiment 2
Signal amplification circuit and analog to digital conversion circuit is described further in the present embodiment：The signal amplification circuit is adopted
With LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, analog-digital conversion circuit as described uses MCP3008 analog-digital converters.
The ends-INA of LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers are connected with the anode of photodiode, and photodiode cathode connects
Ground, the ends+INA ground connection of LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, composition reverse phase amplification；10nF capacitances and the feedback that resistance value is 10M Ω
The parallel circuit one of resistor coupled in parallel, the two composition terminates the ends LTC1051CSW two-way amplifier-INA, a termination LTC1051CSW
The connection of 1/2 signal amplification circuit is completed at the ends two-way amplifier OUTA at this time；In order to be buffered, put in LTC1051CSW two-ways
The resistance that series connection resistance value is 1K Ω on big device, the resistance both ends respectively with the ends LTC1051CSW two-way amplifier OUTA and-INB phase
Even；The ends two-way amplifier OUTB LTC1051CSW are connected with No. 0 port of MCP3008 analog-digital converters, by analog signal output
To analog to digital conversion circuit.Different from previous signal amplification circuit, we give LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers using digital voltage
Pressurization, without any wiring, V+ terminates the 5V outputs of key control unit, and leads at the ends two-way amplifier V- LTC1051CSW
The duty ratio of extra pulse width modulated adjusts the voltage of amplifier, completes key control unit to signal amplification circuit peak value electricity
The control of pressure.
No. 0 port of MCP3008 analog-digital converters is connected with the ends LTC1051CSW two-way amplifier OUTB, No. 1 port ground connection,
Data are read using differential mode, VDD and VREF connect the 5V outputs of key control unit, and maximum sample rate is 200ksps at this time,
AGND is grounded with the ends DGND, and the ends CLK, the ends DOUT, the ends DIN and the ends CS are connected with key control unit.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides another preferred embodiment of analog to digital conversion circuit：Analog to digital conversion circuit uses ADS1015 moduluses
Converter selects I2C communications protocol at this time.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system, which is characterized in that including：Physical unit, signal conversion and collecting unit, core
Heart control unit, data processing unit, the physical unit include excitation light source, convex lens A, convex lens B, entrance slit, sample
Product pond, exit slit, grating, fully-reflected plane mirror；The signal conversion and collecting unit include photodiode, signal modulation
Circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit；The key control unit includes power supply, microprocessor, microcontroller；The physical unit, letter
Number conversion is sequentially connected with collecting unit, key control unit, data processing unit.
2. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the excitation light source,
Convex lens A, convex lens B, entrance slit, sample cell, exit slit, grating, fully-reflected plane mirror is bottom-up sets gradually.
3. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fully-reflected plane mirror
Lower section is connected with ratio gears group, and the ratio gears group includes driving gear and driven gear；Driving gear and driven gear
It is involute cylindrical gear, and the two is intermeshed, fully-reflected plane mirror is fixed on driven gear, passes through driving gear
Driven gear movement is driven, and then adjusts the angle of fully-reflected plane mirror.
4. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the excitation light source is complete
Spectrum, monochromatic light laser, halogen/xenon lamp combination or LED light, the sample cell are cuboid quartz glass samples pond.
5. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal is converted and adopted
Collection unit further includes the bread board for circuit connection configuration, and the signal modulation circuit includes signal amplification circuit and signal filter
Wave circuit；Signal modulation circuit one end is connected with photodiode, and the other end is connected with analog to digital conversion circuit.
6. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the signal amplification circuit
For LTC1051CSW two-way amplifiers, analog-digital conversion circuit as described is MCP3008 analog-digital converters.
7. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the key control unit
Power supply be voltage 5V, 1~3A of electric current direct current supply, the microprocessor of key control unit is Raspberry Pi, core
The microcontroller of control unit is Arduino UNO rev 3.
8. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the key control unit
Operating steps it is as follows：
S1：According to light, electric line connect up, start key control unit, wait for three minutes to system stablize；
S2：Light source is closed, under test environment, dark current is tested, obtains corresponding voltage data (Vd)；
S3：The corresponding solvent of detected solution is loaded in sample cell, is positioned over sample cell position, starts test program, blank testing
Electric current obtains corresponding voltage data (Vb)；
S4：The sample cell that solvent is corresponded to the sample cell substitution filling detected solution of filling detected solution, starts test program, obtains
Corresponding voltage data (Vs) are taken, according to formula：
Calculate absorbance (A).
9. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing unit
Share the microprocessor of key control unit.
10. a kind of open absorption spectrometer system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the grating is holography
Diffraction grating.
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Application publication date: 20181102 |