CN108731708A - The matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of sensor can be achieved - Google Patents
The matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of sensor can be achieved Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of achievable matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of sensor, the first step finds out low precision envelope peak position K by fourier transform method calculatingp；Calculate low precision absolute phase estimated valueThe fringe order n for restoring interference fringe according to relative phase, recovers the absolute phase of low coherence interference stripedFind out the true envelope peak position K of low coherence interference stripedd；Second step selects any sensing passage as calibration channel；A true envelope peak position array corresponding with scanning pressure array is obtained under the channel；Establish the correspondence of F-P sensor low coherence interference fringe envelope peak position and ambient pressure；Third step calculates envelope peak position compensation amount Δ K between the scanning optical path difference OPD and different sensing passages that polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generates；4th step calculates the envelope peak position K after compensationr, utilize envelope peak position KrWith the correspondence of ambient pressure, the measured pressure value of corresponding sensing passage is demodulated.The present invention realizes F-P sensor multichannels and is applicable in demodulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, more particularly to one kind being suitable for Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensor
The low coherence interference demodulation method of multichannel application.
Background technology
Low coherence interference method is measurement method important in optical interference field, is widely used in D surface contouring, light
Coherence tomography and sensory field of optic fibre are learned, for example, pressure, temperature, refractometry etc..
Low coherence interference method and multichannel multiplexed sensing application are combined, there is multiple spot to measure simultaneously, sensing accuracy
The high, advantages such as sensor extension cost is low.Relatively common at present has wavelength-division multiplex and time division multiplexing etc., wherein wavelength-division multiplex side
Method realizes answering for multiple sensors using the light source with different spectral centroid wavelength as the light source of different sensors
With, but the multiplexing of this method and demodulation mode are more complex, and the number of sensors that can be multiplexed is by available light source spectrum
Limitation.In contrast, the time division multiplexing mode for low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator being polarized based on multichannel uses a multichannel optical fiber
Array connects multiple sensor, is sequentially demodulated in time to multiple sensor signal using the same demodulation light path, multiplexing side
Formula is simple, and reusable number of sensors is more.However, by wedge light beam non-normal incidence, sensing passage position difference, crystal
The F-P sensor cavities of processing non-ideal and batch making grow the influence of the factors such as inconsistent, to ensure Fabry-Perot
(F-P) precision and reliability of sensor demodulation, it usually needs demarcate F-P sensors and a specific sensing passage
Operation.Proving operation makes F-P sensors be only capable of being demodulated on corresponding calibration channel, and it is logical to be applied to other demodulation
Road, this severely limits application of the F-P sensors in multichannel multiplexed sensing.
Invention content
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem of the existing technology, it is arbitrarily logical that the present invention proposes a kind of achievable sensor
It is lower to acquire precision under any sensing passage using fourier transform method for the matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in road
Then the original envelope peak position of low coherence interference signal utilizes the position according to low coherence interference fringe phase distribution character
The absolute phase of selected monochromatic wavelength interference fringe is recovered, and then recovers the true envelope peak position of high-precision；According to building
Vertical polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator position-optical path difference distributed model, is found out using true envelope peak position to inductive sensing
Position compensation amount of the channel relative to calibration channel, by the true envelope peak position compensation under the sensing passage to calibration channel
Under, to realize the multichannel application of F-P sensors.
A kind of achievable matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of sensor of the present invention, including with
Lower step：
The first step, for arbitrarily demodulating any low coherence interference transducing signal under channel, calculated by fourier transform method
Find out low precision envelope peak position Kp；Calculate low precision absolute phase estimated value
Wherein, q indicates selected discrete Fourier transform (DFT) serial number, corresponds to a certain monochromatic wavelength, selects herein
61；N indicates DFT discrete series sums, is equal to a frame low coherence interference signal data point sum, numerical value 3000；
According to low precision absolute phase estimated valueIn conjunction with DFT processes, the fringe order n for restoring interference fringe is calculated：
Wherein, φ indicates that the relative phase that low coherence interference striped DFT processes obtain, round () function layback include
The nearest integer of parameter in number；
The absolute phase of low coherence interference striped is recovered according to the fringe order n of interference fringe and relative phase φ
According to the absolute phase restoredFind out the true envelope peak position K of low coherence interference stripedd；
Second step, selection calibration sensing passage s, by control pressurer system to the external world of F-P sensors under the channel
Pressure is scanned, and is acquired the low coherence interference stripe signal under each scanning pressure, is recovered in the way of the first step each
The corresponding true envelope peak position of signal obtains a true envelope peak position array corresponding with scanning pressure array；
With true envelope peak position KdArray be horizontal axis, scanning pressure array be the longitudinal axis carry out 4 order polynomial fittings, establish F-P
The correspondence of sensor low coherence interference fringe envelope peak position and ambient pressure；
Third step, the systematic parameter based on polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator, are counted according to sensing passage envelope peak position
Calculate the scanning optical path difference OPD that polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generates：
OPD=Fko(K,m)
Wherein, function Fko() characterizes above-mentioned relation, and m indicates that the channel position of sensing passage, K indicate sensing passage packet
Network peak position；
Calculate envelope peak position compensation amount Δ K between different sensing passages；
Δ K=Fod(OPD,s,m)
S indicates the channel position of calibration sensing passage.
4th step calculates the envelope peak position K after compensationr；
Kr=Kd+ΔK
Utilize the envelope peak position K under calibration channelrWith the correspondence of ambient pressure, corresponding sensing passage is demodulated
Measured pressure value.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention and advantage are：
1, the present invention passes through envelope peak position compensation according to low coherence interference system position-optical path difference distribution characteristics
Mode realizes F-P sensor multichannels and is applicable in demodulation, effectively improves the channel adaptation of F-P sensors；
2, the present invention is enormously simplified using the envelope peak location determination low coherence interference speckle pattern interferometry level of low precision
Order of interference decision process, and envelope peak method and the true envelope peak position of phase method recovery are comprehensively utilized, demodulation accuracy is high；
3, the present invention is only needed by F-P transducer calibrations under conditions of a sensing passage, without repeating calibration process, just
F-P sensors can be used on arbitrary sensing passage and realize that high-precision demodulates.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is spacescan type low coherence interference Fibre Optical Sensor atmospheric pressure demodulating equipment schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 be in actual demodulation device a frame interference signal under 100kPa pressure of the F-P pressure sensors that acquire and
Its envelope；
Fig. 3 is the process schematic for restoring absolute phase in conjunction with original envelope peak position and relative phase；
Fig. 4 be selected sensing passage 4 be the original envelope peak position that pressure calibration process is carried out when demarcating channel, it is true
Graph of relation between envelope peak position and scanning nominal pressure；
Fig. 5 be using polarize low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generation scanning optical path difference as abscissa, with other sensing passages with
The position compensation amount demarcated between channel 4 is the graph of relation of ordinate；
Fig. 6 is four sensing passage original envelope peak position curve graphs；
Fig. 7 is four sensing passage order of interference evaluated error curve graphs；
Fig. 8 is the true envelope peak position curve figure that four sensing passages restore；
Fig. 9 is by the pressure of progress pressure solution tune after the true envelope peak position compensation of four sensing passages to calibration channel
Power demodulating error curve graph；
Reference numeral：1, wideband light source, 2, coupler, 3, F-P sensors, 4, Multi-channel optical fiber array, 5, the low phase of polarization
Dry interferometric demodulation instrument, 6, the polarizer, 7, birefringent wedge, 8, analyzer, 9, line array CCD, 10, signal processing unit；11, low phase
Dry interference signal, 12, low coherence interference signal envelope；13, relative phase, 14, absolute phase estimated value, 15, true absolute phase
Position, 16, channel one, 17, channel two, 18, channel three, 19, channel four；
Figure 10 is that the matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of achievable sensor of the present invention is whole
Flow chart.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of achievable sensor of the present invention combines extraneous big
The measurement of atmospheric pressure.As shown in Figure 1, be spacescan type low coherence interference Fibre Optical Sensor atmospheric pressure demodulating equipment, it is worked
Journey is described as follows：
The light that wideband light source (LED) 1 is sent out reaches F-P sensors 3 by coupler 2, and F-P sensors 3 are that impression is extraneous
The sensing element of atmospheric pressure, two reflectings surface of F-P cavity constitute sensing interferometer, F-P cavity two in sensing interferometer
The distance between reflecting surface is linear with atmospheric pressure, by the modulated optical signal of F-P sensors 3 going out from coupler 2
Mouth export, optical signal import polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator 5 by Multi-channel optical fiber array 4, and Multi-channel optical fiber array 4 is list
A word lattice optical fiber structure is arranged, polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator is made of the polarizer 6, birefringent wedge 7 and analyzer 8, by
In the birefringence effect of birefringent wedge 7, optical signal is by the formation space low coherence interference striped of birefringent wedge 7 and by linear array
CCD9 is received, and the interferometric fringe signal that signal processing unit 10 exports line array CCD 9 is handled.When birefringent wedge 7 causes
Optical path difference and F-P sensors 3 caused by optical path difference when matching, can be generated in the corresponding regional areas of linear array CCD9 apparent
Low coherence interference striped.
Required atmospheric pressure is generated by high-precision, high stable pressure source, which can reach the control of 0.02kPa
Effective pixel number of precision processed, line array CCD is 3000 points, is made of 3000 discrete data points per frame data.Each CCD pixels
The optical path difference that a corresponding fixed polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generates, the light path is indicated with the position K of CCD pixels
Difference.For demarcating channel 4, it is 31.302 μm to originate the corresponding optical path difference of effective pixel, the light path of two neighboring CCD Pixel-spaces
Difference is 0.0125 μm.
Using above-mentioned spacescan type low coherence interference Fibre Optical Sensor atmospheric pressure demodulating equipment, pass through change of cavity length sense
By atmospheric pressure, the polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator constituted using the polarizer, birefringent wedge and analyzer senses F-P
The optical signal of device modulation is demodulated, and space low coherence interference striped is formed in the regional area of zero optical path difference.The present invention's can
Realize that the matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of sensor, specific implementation step are as follows：
The first step, for arbitrarily demodulating any low coherence interference transducing signal under channel, find out the original packet of its low precision
Network peak position, and recover high-precision true envelope peak position in conjunction with phase characteristic；
1.1, as shown in Fig. 2, the frame low coherence interference signal that CCD is exported when ambient atmosphere pressure is 100kPa, the frame
Low coherence interference signal includes 3000 data points.The low precision envelope peak position K found out is calculated by fourier transform methodp
Corresponding CCD pixels are 1602.
1.2, according to phase distribution characteristic by low precision envelope peak position KpCalculate low precision absolute phase estimated value
Wherein, q indicates selected discrete Fourier transform (DFT) serial number, corresponds to a certain monochromatic wavelength, selects herein
61；N indicates DFT discrete series sums, is equal to a frame low coherence interference signal data point sum, numerical value 3000；
1.3, according to low precision absolute phase estimated valueRelative phase, which is obtained, in conjunction with DFT processes restores interference fringe
Fringe order n：
Wherein, φ indicates that the relative phase that low coherence interference striped DFT processes obtain, round () function layback include
The nearest integer of parameter in number；
1.4, the fringe order n and relative phase φ for restoring interference fringe according to relative phase recover low coherence interference item
The absolute phase of line
As shown in figure 3, to restore the process schematic of absolute phase in conjunction with original envelope peak position and relative phase.Absolutely
Include to phase recovery process：Pass through the original envelope peak position K of low precisionpThe absolute phase estimated value of estimationWith it is extensive
Multiple absolute phaseBetween only exist slight offset, according to the property of phase distribution, pass through and combine relative phase φ
Recover accurate order of interference n.
1.5, according to the absolute phase restoredFind out the true envelope peak position K of low coherence interference stripedd；
The true envelope peak position K restored hereind=1605.84.
F-P sensors are demarcated in second step, selected calibration channel, establish F-P sensor low coherence interference striped packets
The correspondence of network peak position and ambient pressure；
2.1, selection calibration sensing passage s, by control pressurer system to the ambient pressure of F-P sensors under the channel
It is scanned, acquires the low coherence interference stripe signal under each scanning pressure, each signal is recovered in the way of the first step
Corresponding true envelope peak position obtains a true envelope peak position array corresponding with scanning pressure array；Such as Fig. 4
It is original envelope peak position, the true envelope peak that pressure calibration process is carried out when demarcating channel to show selected sensing passage 4
It is worth position and scans the graph of relation between nominal pressure, wherein nominal pressure is within the scope of 100-200kPa with the step of 5kPa
It is long to increase corresponding original envelope peak position KpAnd the true envelope peak position K after restoringd。
2.2, with true envelope peak position KdArray be horizontal axis, scanning pressure array be the longitudinal axis carry out 4 order polynomials
Fitting, establishes the correspondence of F-P sensor low coherence interference fringe envelope peak position and ambient pressure；
Third walks, establishes scanning optical path difference (OPD) and do that polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generates by the Calculation of Optical Path
Relate to the relationship of fringe envelope peak position, and further export scanning optical path difference (OPD) and different sensing passage envelope peaks position
Set the relationship of compensation rate；
3.1, the systematic parameter based on polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator, different sensing passage packets are analyzed by the Calculation of Optical Path
Relationship between the scanning optical path difference OPD that network peak position K and polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generate：
OPD=Fko(K,m)
Wherein, function Fko() characterizes above-mentioned relation, and m indicates the channel position of sensing passage.
3.2, the systematic parameter based on polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator analyzes polarization low coherence interference by the Calculation of Optical Path
Relationship between the scanning optical path difference OPD that (FBG) demodulator generates and different sensing passage envelope peaks position, and further export is inclined
The scanning optical path difference OPD and envelope peak position compensation amount Δ K between different sensing passages that the low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator that shakes generates
Relationship；
Δ K=Fod(OPD,s,m)
Wherein, function Fod() characterizes above-mentioned relation, and s indicates the channel position of calibration sensing passage.As shown in figure 5, with
It is abscissa to polarize the scanning optical path difference that low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator generates, between other sensing passages and calibration channel 4
Position compensation amount is the graph of relation of ordinate, and optical path difference increases to 70 μm of markers routings 4 from 30 μm with 0.1 μm of interval
The simulation result of position offset between other sensing passages；
The compensation process of 4th step, the process and interchannel envelope peak position of the true envelope peak position of recovery, will appoint
The original envelope peak position K in meaning demodulation channelpCalibration channel is compensated, the envelope peak position after compensation is used in combination to carry out pressure
Value demodulation.
4.1, for the original envelope peak position K of arbitrary sensing passagep, its true envelope peak is recovered according to the first step
It is worth position Kd；
4.2, according to the relational expression OPD=F in 3.1ko(K, m), utilizes KdCalculate the corresponding (FBG) demodulator scanning in the position
Then optical path difference OPD finds out position offset Δ K according to 3.2, will be under Δ K compensation to calibration channel.
Kr=Kd+ΔK
Wherein KrFor the envelope peak position after compensation.
4.3, the envelope peak position K under calibration channel is utilizedrWith the correspondence of ambient pressure, you can demodulate correspondence
The measured pressure value of sensing passage realizes the high-precision demodulation of F-P sensors under arbitrary channel.
In order to more fully verify the feasibility of this method, by taking 4 channels polarize low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator as an example, with channel
4 be calibration channel, and experimental pressure is increased monotonically from 100kPa to 200kPa with the interval of 0.5kPa.It is each to each sensing passage
Interference signal under experimental pressure is handled.Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are respectively four channel original envelope peak values, estimation interference order
Secondary error, recovery true envelope peak position curve figure, it can be seen that in the entire measurement range (100kPa-200kPa),
Order of interference evaluated error is less than 0.15, and error 0.5, the true envelope peak position linearity of recovery is effectively estimated less than maximum
Degree is very good, and does not interfere step evolution mistake caused by level erroneous judgement, and therefore the method for the present invention is for restoring true
Envelope peak position has very strong reliability.Fig. 9 is that each sensing passage carries out the pressure demodulating error after position compensation, can be with
It is clear that, the demodulating error of the method for the present invention can be maintained within 0.14kPa on arbitrary channel, be realized mostly logical
The high-precision demodulation of F-P sensors under road.
The demodulation method of the present invention is by being verified, referring to Fig. 4 to Fig. 9.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of matched multichannel low coherence interference demodulation method in the arbitrary channel of achievable sensor, which is characterized in that the party
Method includes the following steps：
The first step, for arbitrarily demodulating any low coherence interference transducing signal under channel, by fourier transform method calculating find out
Low precision envelope peak position Kp；Calculate low precision absolute phase estimated value
Wherein, q indicates selected discrete Fourier transform (DFT) serial number, corresponds to a certain monochromatic wavelength, selects 61 herein；N
It indicates DFT discrete series sums, is equal to a frame low coherence interference signal data point sum, numerical value 3000；
According to low precision absolute phase estimated valueIn conjunction with DFT processes, the fringe order n for restoring interference fringe is calculated：
Wherein, φ indicates the relative phase that low coherence interference striped DFT processes obtain, in round () function layback bracket
The nearest integer of parameter；
The absolute phase of low coherence interference striped is recovered according to the fringe order n of interference fringe and relative phase φ
According to the absolute phase restoredFind out the true envelope peak position K of low coherence interference stripedd：
Second step, selection calibration sensing passage s, by control pressurer system to the ambient pressure of F-P sensors under the channel
It is scanned, acquires the low coherence interference stripe signal under each scanning pressure, each signal is recovered in the way of the first step
Corresponding true envelope peak position obtains a true envelope peak position array corresponding with scanning pressure array；With true
Real envelope peak position KdArray be horizontal axis, scanning pressure array be the longitudinal axis carry out 4 order polynomial fittings, establish F-P sensing
The correspondence of device low coherence interference fringe envelope peak position and ambient pressure；
Third step, the systematic parameter based on polarization low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator calculate inclined according to sensing passage envelope peak position
The scanning optical path difference OPD that the low coherence interference (FBG) demodulator that shakes generates：
OPD=Fko(K,m)
Wherein, function Fko() characterizes above-mentioned relation, and m indicates that the channel position of sensing passage, K indicate sensing passage envelope peak
Position；
Calculate envelope peak position compensation amount Δ K between different sensing passages：
Δ K=Fod(OPD,s,m)
S indicates the channel position of calibration sensing passage.
4th step calculates the envelope peak position K after compensationr：
Kr=Kd+ΔK
Utilize the envelope peak position K under calibration channelrWith the correspondence of ambient pressure, the survey of corresponding sensing passage is demodulated
Measure pressure value.
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