CN113566862B - Optical fiber white light interference demodulation method and system based on compressed sensing principle - Google Patents

Optical fiber white light interference demodulation method and system based on compressed sensing principle Download PDF

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CN113566862B
CN113566862B CN202110842834.7A CN202110842834A CN113566862B CN 113566862 B CN113566862 B CN 113566862B CN 202110842834 A CN202110842834 A CN 202110842834A CN 113566862 B CN113566862 B CN 113566862B
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optical fiber
interference
sampling
interference spectrum
spectrum
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CN113566862A (en
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周大鹏
刘强
李诗民
荆振国
彭伟
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to an optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on a compressed sensing principle, which comprises the following steps: randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to an interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points; collecting an interference spectrum reflected and output by an interference type optical fiber sensor by adopting a compression sampling mode, and obtaining a compression sampling interference spectrum collected by random wavelength modulation; reconstructing a compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point; and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point. The invention is based on the principle of combining a scanning laser with a point type photoelectric detector, can realize multiplexing of a multi-path array, adopts a random wavelength modulation technology to carry out random wavelength scanning, reconstructs the full spectrum of each sampling time point through a compressed sensing algorithm, and avoids Doppler errors caused by a linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition mode.

Description

Optical fiber white light interference demodulation method and system based on compressed sensing principle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical sensing, in particular to an optical fiber white light interference demodulation method and system based on a compressed sensing principle.
Background
High-frequency sound wave and vibration signal measurement plays an important role in ultrasonic imaging and photoacoustic imaging in the biomedical field, monitoring of the running state of large-scale power equipment and turbine engines, high-precision photoacoustic spectrum gas concentration detection, and high-precision motion or position measurement in the fields of precision machining, photoetching, semiconductor manufacturing and the like. The interference type optical fiber acoustic vibration sensor has the advantages of small volume, high sensitivity and electromagnetic interference resistance, and has obvious advantages in the scene that the traditional electrical sensor is not suitable for or can not meet the requirements, such as the application in the severe environments of flammability and explosiveness, strong electromagnetic interference, high temperature and high pressure and the like, or in the narrow space with higher requirements on the size of the sensor. The optical fiber white light interference technology is an optical fiber sensing technology for accurately measuring absolute optical path difference of an interferometer through full spectrum analysis, and is widely applied to measurement of quasi-static parameters such as temperature, pressure, strain, refractive index, displacement and the like. In recent years, the development of high-speed spectrometers and demodulation techniques has made dynamic absolute measurements possible based on white light interference. Compared with the single-frequency laser intensity measurement technology, the full-spectrum demodulation can improve the environmental fluctuation interference resistance of an instrument system, realize a larger dynamic range, realize dynamic and static multi-parameter sensing by combining different sensors and provide richer information to be measured. The spectrum collection mode of the optical fiber white light interferometer is divided into two types, one is a wide-spectrum light source combined linear array detector, and the other is a wavelength scanning light source combined point type photoelectric detector. Regarding the former, the Fabry-Perot (F-P) acoustic sensor using white light interference absolute cavity length demodulation technology in non-patent literature (Chen, Ke, et al, "Optics expressed and temperature using of acoustic pressure and temperature using" Optics express 28.10(2020): 15050-. In the scheme, the white light interference measurement is realized by adopting a wide-spectrum light source and a linear array detection spectrometer, is limited by the spectrum acquisition speed (5kHz), and is only suitable for measuring relatively low-frequency acoustic vibration signals at present. The spectrum acquisition speed of the existing high-speed spectrometer is mostly limited to the kHz magnitude to the dozens of kHz magnitude, and the magnitude improvement is difficult to realize. In addition, the large amount of data generated by the full spectrum collection also puts a great strain on storage and transmission. With regard to the latter, high-speed tunable semiconductor laser light sources in the field of telecommunications have been able to achieve full-spectrum acquisition speeds of hundreds of kHz, and it is easier to achieve multiplexing and miniaturized integration of multiplexed arrays, so the solution based on tunable lasers is a more engineering-suitable solution. However, the linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition scheme presents a non-negligible problem in demodulating dynamic interferometers: the dynamic changes of the interferometer during the spectral acquisition introduce doppler errors. The spectrum acquisition mode of the high-speed linear array detector is high in cost and difficult to realize large-scale multiplexing, and the spectrum acquisition speed of the high-speed linear array detector is also difficult to meet the increasing demodulation requirements of high-frequency dynamic acoustic vibration signals. Although the spectrum acquisition scheme of wavelength scanning of the tunable laser can realize spectrum scanning of hundreds of kHz magnitude, the existing demodulation technology only supports the application of the spectrum acquisition scheme to quasi-static measurement of an interferometer.
How to provide a spectrum acquisition mode which is not only suitable for multiplexing of a multiplex array, but also can avoid Doppler errors caused by a linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition mode becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for demodulating optical fiber white light interference based on a compressed sensing principle, which are suitable for multiplexing a multi-path array and can avoid Doppler errors caused by a linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on a compressed sensing principle, which comprises the following steps:
randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to an interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points;
collecting an interference spectrum reflected and output by an interference type optical fiber sensor by adopting a compression sampling mode to obtain a compression sampling interference spectrum which is collected by random wavelength modulation;
reconstructing a compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point;
and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
Optionally, the randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to the interferometric optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points specifically includes:
and outputting light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points according to a preset random wavelength sequence.
Optionally, the reconstructing the compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by modulating the random wavelength by using a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point specifically includes:
constructing a compression sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation into an observation matrix;
according to the observation matrix, solving the sparse representation of the original two-dimensional interference spectrum in a transform domain by using a formula Y phi (psi S);
y is an observation matrix, phi is an undersampling operator, psi is a sparse transformation operator, and S is sparse representation of an original two-dimensional interference spectrum in a transformation domain;
and transforming the sparse representation of the original two-dimensional interference spectrum in a transform domain by using a formula X & lt psi & gt S according to the sparse transform operator to obtain the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
Optionally, the measuring an absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum at each sampling time point specifically includes:
and measuring the absolute optical path difference by adopting a Fourier transform frequency estimation algorithm, a bispectrum peak tracking algorithm, a cross correlation algorithm, a minimum mean square error algorithm and/or a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
A fiber white light interferometric demodulation system based on compressed sensing principle, the system comprising: the device comprises a random wavelength light source emitting device, an optical fiber circulator, an interference type optical fiber sensor, a compression sampling module and a data processing upper computer;
the random wavelength light source emitting device is connected with a first port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber, the interference type optical fiber sensor is connected with a second port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber, and the compression sampling module is connected with a third port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber;
the data processing upper computer is electrically connected with the random wavelength light source emitting device and the compression sampling module;
the data processing upper computer is used for controlling the random wavelength light source emitting device to randomly output light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points;
the compression sampling module is used for collecting the interference spectrum reflected and output by the interference type optical fiber sensor in a compression sampling mode to obtain a compression sampling interference spectrum collected by random wavelength modulation;
the data processing upper computer is further used for reconstructing the compression sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compression sensing algorithm, obtaining an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point, and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
Optionally, the random wavelength light source emitting device includes a random wavelength modulation module and a tunable laser light source;
the random wavelength modulation module is respectively and electrically connected with the data processing upper computer and the tunable laser light source;
the tunable laser light source is connected with the first port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber.
Optionally, the tunable laser source is a modulation grating Y branch laser.
Optionally, the random wavelength modulation module is integrated in the FPGA control board.
Optionally, the compressive sampling module includes a photodetector and a synchronous sampling module;
the synchronous sampling module is electrically connected with the photoelectric detector and the data processing upper computer respectively;
and the photoelectric detector is connected with the third port of the optical fiber circulator by adopting an optical fiber.
Optionally, the synchronous sampling module is integrated in the FPGA control board.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses an optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on a compressed sensing principle, which comprises the following steps: randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to an interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points; collecting an interference spectrum reflected and output by an interference type optical fiber sensor by adopting a compression sampling mode, and obtaining a compression sampling interference spectrum collected by random wavelength modulation; reconstructing a compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point; and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point. The invention is based on the principle of combining a scanning laser with a point type photoelectric detector, can realize multiplexing of a multi-path array, adopts a random wavelength modulation technology to scan random wavelengths, reconstructs the full spectrum of each sampling time point by a compressed sensing algorithm, avoids Doppler errors caused by a linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition mode, and can greatly improve the spectrum sampling rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for demodulating optical fiber white light interference based on the compressive sensing principle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an optical fiber white light interference demodulation system based on a compressed sensing principle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of random wavelength modulation provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a compressive sampling interference spectrogram obtained by compressive sampling provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an original two-dimensional interference spectrum obtained by reconstruction provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for demodulating optical fiber white light interference based on a compressed sensing principle, and provides a spectrum acquisition mode which is suitable for multiplexing of a multi-path array and can avoid Doppler errors caused by a linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition mode.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides an optical fiber white light interference demodulation method and system based on a compressed sensing principle, and aims to realize high-frequency absolute measurement of an interference type optical fiber sensor. In the invention, the interference spectrum changing along with time is regarded as a two-dimensional (2D) signal relative to the laser wavelength and time, the compression sampling in the measuring process is realized by adopting the random wavelength modulation of a fast tunable laser light source and the synchronous detection of a photoelectric detector, and the original 2D interference spectrum data is reconstructed with high fidelity through a reconstruction algorithm. Unlike the linear wavelength scanning in the conventional one-dimensional spectrum acquisition process, the output wavelength of the laser in the sampling process is randomly modulated by the technology so as to meet the requirement of non-coherence in the compressive sensing principle. Wherein a fast tunable laser light source is used to achieve programmable discrete wavelength fast switching. After reconstruction is carried out through a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm, the interference spectrum of each sampling time point can be obtained, so that absolute demodulation with high precision and high sampling rate is realized. The invention greatly improves the spectrum sampling rate, avoids Doppler errors introduced by conventional linear wavelength scanning, and provides a feasible scheme for high-frequency, dynamic and absolute measurement of the optical fiber interferometer.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for demodulating optical fiber white light interference based on compressed sensing principle, said method comprising the following steps:
step 101, randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to an interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points.
Step 101, randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to the interferometric fiber sensor at different sampling time points specifically includes: and outputting light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points according to a preset random wavelength sequence. Namely, the random wavelength modulation module controls the fast tunable laser source (tunable laser source) to output the wavelength according to the pre-stored random wavelength sequence.
And controlling the fast tunable laser to randomly switch the wavelength between 101 wavelengths with the wavelength interval of 0.32nm within the range of 1531-1563 nm, wherein the frequency of the wavelength switching clock is 10 MHz. To ensure the required non-coherence of the compressed sensing theory. The programmable wavelength switching frequency is set to 10MHz and the corresponding light intensities are acquired synchronously. Two-dimensional raw spectral reconstruction and absolute cavity length demodulation were performed after 5000 data points (0.5 msec) were acquired each time.
Different from the conventional spectrum collection mode of linear wavelength scanning, in the optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on the compressed sensing principle, the output wavelength of the laser is randomly modulated, and fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of random wavelength modulation.
And 102, acquiring an interference spectrum reflected and output by the interference type optical fiber sensor in a compression sampling mode, and acquiring a compression sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation.
Namely, the light intensity reflected back by the interference type optical fiber sensor is synchronously collected through the photoelectric detector, and the compression sampling interference spectrum which changes along with time is obtained.
And 103, reconstructing the compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point. The compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm may be a convex set projection constraint (POCS) algorithm or the like, which may implement two-dimensional original data reconstruction.
The reconstruction method and process are as follows:
by representing the original two-dimensional interference spectrum with respect to time t and wavelength λ as X (λ, t), the observation matrix Y can be represented as:
Y＝Φ(X)＝Φ(ΨS) (1)
where phi is the undersampling operator and psi is the sparse transformation operator. S ═ Ψ -1 X, is a sparse representation of the original two-dimensional interference spectrum X in the Ψ -transform domain.
An observation matrix Y is formed by compressed sampling data acquired by random wavelength modulation in the step 102, a matrix is used for representing a two-dimensional interference spectrum, row vectors of the matrix represent wavelength, column vectors represent time, each row vector of the matrix only randomly samples one point in a wavelength range, meanwhile, the column vectors are sequentially sampled, and points which are not sampled are replaced by zero values and used as input of a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm. According to equation (1) above, since Φ and Ψ are known, S can be recovered using a compressed perceptual reconstruction algorithm.
And transforming the sparse representation S according to X-psi S to obtain a reconstructed original two-dimensional interference spectrum X.
As shown in fig. 4, the compressed sample data is obtained when a vibration signal of 200kHz is detected. The original two-dimensional interference spectrum reconstructed by the convex set projection constraint algorithm is shown in fig. 5. The two-dimensional interference spectrum is formed by combining interference spectra which change along with time in the vibration process, so that one interference spectrum can be obtained at each sampling time point. The verification proves that when the modulation frequency of the laser output wavelength is 10MHz, the spectrum acquisition rate of 10MHz can be realized by utilizing the proposed compressed sensing optical fiber white light interference technology, and the sampling rate corresponds to the absolute cavity length of 10 MHz. With the progress of tunable laser technology in the field of telecommunications, the highest cavity length sampling rate achievable by the scheme still has a great promotion space.
And 104, measuring absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
Step 104, performing absolute optical path difference measurement according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point, specifically including: and according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point, carrying out absolute optical path difference measurement by adopting a Fourier transform frequency estimation algorithm, a bispectrum peak tracking algorithm, a cross correlation algorithm, a minimum mean square error algorithm and/or a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a system for demodulating white light interference based on compressed sensing principle, which comprises: the device comprises a random wavelength light source emitting device, a fiber circulator 201, an interference type fiber sensor 202, a compression sampling module and a data processing upper computer 203; the random wavelength light source emitting device is connected with a first port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber (a first optical fiber 208), the interference type optical fiber sensor is connected with a second port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber (a second optical fiber 209), and the compression sampling module is connected with a third port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber (a third optical fiber 210); the data processing upper computer is electrically connected with the random wavelength light source emitting device and the compression sampling module; the data processing upper computer is used for controlling the random wavelength light source emitting device to randomly output light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points; the compressive sampling module is used for collecting the interference spectrum reflected and output by the interference type optical fiber sensor in a compressive sampling mode to obtain a compressive sampling interference spectrum collected by random wavelength modulation; the data processing upper computer is further used for reconstructing the compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm, obtaining an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point, and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point. The high-speed cavity length demodulation of the FP interference type optical fiber vibration sensor can be realized.
The random wavelength light source emitting device comprises a random wavelength modulation module 204 and a tunable laser light source 205; the random wavelength modulation module is respectively and electrically connected with the data processing upper computer and the tunable laser light source; the tunable laser light source is connected with the first port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber. The compressive sampling module comprises a photoelectric detector 206 and a synchronous sampling module 207; the synchronous sampling module is electrically connected with the photoelectric detector and the data processing upper computer respectively; and the photoelectric detector is connected with the third port of the optical fiber circulator by adopting an optical fiber.
The random wavelength modulation module controls the fast tunable laser to output wavelength according to a pre-stored random wavelength sequence, and the wavelength enters the first optical fiber 208 circulator through the optical fiber. The function of the fiber circulator is that light can only pass from the first fiber 208 into the second fiber 209. The optical signal entering the second optical fiber 209 is reflected by the interference type optical fiber sensor, enters the third optical fiber 210 through the second optical fiber 209, and is converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector. The electric signal of the photoelectric detector is synchronously collected by the synchronous sampling module to obtain a compressed sampling interference spectrum which changes along with time, and the compressed sampling interference spectrum is transmitted to the data processing upper computer. And reconstructing the original two-dimensional interference spectrum by the data processing upper computer on the basis of compressing the sampling interference spectrum, obtaining a full spectrum of each sampling time point, and measuring the absolute optical path difference of the interference type optical fiber sensor. Finally, the 10MHz absolute optical path difference sampling rate can be realized.
The random wavelength modulation module and the synchronous sampling module are realized by adopting an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and the data processing upper computer is realized by adopting a computer; the FPGA control panel realizes the synchronous acquisition and transmission of the output wavelength drive of the fast tunable laser light source and the detection data of the photoelectric detector. The FPGA control panel is internally provided with a current lookup table corresponding to the control laser wavelength.
The tunable laser source is a fast tunable laser source, a modulated grating Y-branch (MG-Y) laser is selected, and a tuning wave band of the laser source can cover a C wave band, specifically 1527nm to 1567 nm. The output wavelength of the laser is controlled by 5 paths of injection current, namely left reflector current, right reflector current, phase region current, gain current and Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) current. Fast discrete wavelength switching can be achieved by a wavelength-current lookup table built in the random wavelength modulation and synchronous sampling module 1.
The optical fiber circulator is used for transmitting optical signals, the optical signals from the MG-Y laser are led into the interference type optical fiber sensor after passing through the optical fiber circulator, and the reflected optical signals are detected by the photoelectric detector after passing through the optical fiber circulator again.
The interference type optical fiber sensor can be a Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometer, wherein a smooth optical fiber end face is used as a reflecting surface of FP interference, and the other reflecting surface is a reflector pasted at the tail end of the piezoceramic transducer. And dynamic signals generated by the signal generator and the power amplifier are loaded on the piezoelectric ceramic transducer to generate high-frequency vibration signals to be measured. It may also be a Michelson interferometer, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or a Sagnac interferometer.
The photoelectric detector is a 1550 waveband high-speed photoelectric detector with an optical fiber input interface and direct current coupling, converts detected light intensity signals into analog signals, and transmits the analog signals to a data processing upper computer for original signal reconstruction and absolute optical path difference demodulation after the analog signals are collected by a synchronous sampling module.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses an optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on a compressed sensing principle, which comprises the following steps: randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to an interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points; collecting an interference spectrum reflected and output by an interference type optical fiber sensor by adopting a compression sampling mode, and obtaining a compression sampling interference spectrum collected by random wavelength modulation; reconstructing a compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point; and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point. The invention is based on the principle of combining a scanning laser with a point type photoelectric detector, can realize multiplexing of a multi-path array, adopts a random wavelength modulation technology to scan random wavelengths, reconstructs the full spectrum of each sampling time point by a compressed sensing algorithm, avoids Doppler errors caused by a linear wavelength scanning spectrum acquisition mode, and can greatly improve the spectrum sampling rate.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.

Claims (10)

1. A fiber white light interference demodulation method based on a compressed sensing principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to an interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points;
collecting an interference spectrum reflected and output by an interference type optical fiber sensor by adopting a compression sampling mode to obtain a compression sampling interference spectrum which is collected by random wavelength modulation; specifically, light intensity reflected back by the interference type optical fiber sensor is synchronously collected through a photoelectric detector, and a compressed sampling interference spectrum which changes along with time is obtained;
reconstructing a compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point; the original two-dimensional interference spectrum is formed by combining interference spectra which change along with time in the vibration process, and an original two-dimensional interference spectrum can be obtained at each sampling time point;
and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
2. The optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 1, wherein the randomly outputting light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points specifically comprises:
and outputting light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points according to a preset random wavelength sequence.
3. The optical fiber white light interference demodulation method based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 1, wherein the reconstructing the compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by using a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point specifically comprises:
constructing a compression sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation into an observation matrix;
solving the sparse representation of the original two-dimensional interference spectrum in a transform domain by using a formula Y-phi (psi S) according to the observation matrix;
y is an observation matrix, phi is an undersampling operator, psi is a sparse transformation operator, and S is sparse representation of an original two-dimensional interference spectrum in a transformation domain;
and transforming the sparse representation of the original two-dimensional interference spectrum in a transform domain by using a formula X-psi S according to the sparse transform operator to obtain the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point.
4. The optical fiber white-light interference demodulation method based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 1, wherein the absolute optical path difference measurement according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point specifically includes:
and according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point, carrying out absolute optical path difference measurement by adopting a Fourier transform frequency estimation algorithm, a bispectrum peak tracking algorithm, a cross correlation algorithm, a minimum mean square error algorithm and/or a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm.
5. A fiber-optic white-light interferometric demodulation system based on compressed sensing principle, the system comprising: the device comprises a random wavelength light source emitting device, an optical fiber circulator, an interference type optical fiber sensor, a compression sampling module and a data processing upper computer;
the random wavelength light source emitting device is connected with a first port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber, the interference type optical fiber sensor is connected with a second port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber, and the compression sampling module is connected with a third port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber;
the data processing upper computer is electrically connected with the random wavelength light source emitting device and the compression sampling module;
the data processing upper computer is used for controlling the random wavelength light source emitting device to randomly output light with different wavelengths to the interference type optical fiber sensor at different sampling time points;
the compression sampling module is used for collecting the interference spectrum reflected and output by the interference type optical fiber sensor in a compression sampling mode to obtain a compression sampling interference spectrum collected by random wavelength modulation; specifically, light intensity reflected back by the interference type optical fiber sensor is synchronously collected through a photoelectric detector, and a compressed sampling interference spectrum which changes along with time is obtained;
the data processing upper computer is also used for reconstructing the compressed sampling interference spectrum acquired by random wavelength modulation by adopting a compressed sensing algorithm to obtain an original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point, and measuring the absolute optical path difference according to the original two-dimensional interference spectrum of each sampling time point; the original two-dimensional interference spectrum is formed by combining interference spectra changing along with time in the vibration process, and one original two-dimensional interference spectrum can be obtained at each sampling time point.
6. The optical fiber white light interferometric demodulation system based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 5, characterized in that the random wavelength light source emitting device comprises a random wavelength modulation module and a tunable laser light source;
the random wavelength modulation module is respectively and electrically connected with the data processing upper computer and the tunable laser light source;
the tunable laser light source is connected with the first port of the optical fiber circulator through an optical fiber.
7. The optical fiber white-light interference demodulation system based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 6, wherein the tunable laser light source is a modulation grating Y-branch laser.
8. The fiber white light interferometric demodulation system based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 6, characterized in that the random wavelength modulation module is integrated in an FPGA control board.
9. The optical fiber white-light interference demodulation system based on the compressed sensing principle according to claim 5, wherein the compressed sampling module comprises a photodetector and a synchronous sampling module;
the synchronous sampling module is electrically connected with the photoelectric detector and the data processing upper computer respectively;
and the photoelectric detector is connected with the third port of the optical fiber circulator by adopting an optical fiber.
10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the synchronous sampling module is integrated in an FPGA control board.
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