CN108728460A - 靶向gd2的嵌合抗原受体及其用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及靶向GD2的嵌合抗原受体及其用途。具体而言,本发明提供一种多核苷酸序列,选自:(1)含有依次连接的抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列、人CD8α铰链区的编码序列、人CD8跨膜区的编码序列、人41BB胞内区的编码序列、人CD3ζ胞内区的编码序列的多核苷酸序列;和(2)(1)所述多核苷酸序列的互补序列。本发明还提供相关的融合蛋白、含所述编码序列的载体,以及所述融合蛋白、编码序列、载体的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于细胞治疗领域,具体涉及靶向鼠源GD2的嵌合抗原受体及其用途。
背景技术
嵌合抗原受体(Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cell,CAR-T)T细胞是指经基因修饰后,能以MHC非限制性方式识别特定目的抗原,并且持续活化扩增的T细胞。2012年国际细胞治疗协会年会中指出生物免疫细胞治疗已经成为手术、放疗、化疗外的第四种治疗肿瘤的手段,并将成为未来肿瘤治疗必选手段。CAR-T细胞回输治疗是当前肿瘤治疗中最明确有效的免疫治疗形式。大量研究表明,CAR-T细胞可以有效的识别肿瘤抗原,引起特异性的抗肿瘤免疫应答,显著改善患者的生存状况。
嵌合抗原受体(CAR)是CAR-T的核心部件,赋予T细胞HLA非依赖的方式识别肿瘤抗原的能力,这使得经过CAR改造的T细胞相较于天然T细胞表面受体TCR能够识别更广泛的目标。CAR的基础设计中包括一个肿瘤相关抗原(tumor-associated antigen,TAA)结合区(通常来源于单克隆抗体抗原结合区域的scFV段),一个胞外铰链区,一个跨膜区和一个胞内信号区。目标抗原的选择对于CAR的特异性、有效性以及基因改造T细胞自身的安全性来讲都是关键的决定因素。
随着嵌合抗原受体T细胞(Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cell,CAR-T)技术的不断发展,目前CAR-T主要可划分为四代。
第一代CAR-T细胞由胞外结合区-单链抗体(single-chain fragment variable,scFV)、跨膜区(transmembrane region,TM)和胞内信号区——免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序(immunoreceptortyrosine-based activation motif,ITAM)组成,其中嵌合抗原受体各部分按如下形式连接:scFv-TM-CD3ζ。第一代CAR虽然能够看到一些特异性的细胞毒性,但2006年对其进行临床试验总结的时候却发现疗效差强人意。究其原因是因为第一代CAR-T细胞在病人体内很快就会耗竭,其持久性(persistence)很差,以至于CAR-T细胞还没有来得及接触到大量的肿瘤细胞时就已经凋亡了该种CAR-T细胞可以激发抗肿瘤的细胞毒性效应,但是细胞因子分泌比较少,但其在体内的存活期较短不能激发持久的抗肿瘤效应。[Cancer Res.2007,67(22):11029-11036.]
第二代CAR-T细胞优化CAR设计中T细胞活化信号区仍然是研究的热点。T细胞的完全活化有赖于双信号和细胞因子的作用。其中第一信号为特异性信号,由TCR识别抗原递呈细胞表面的抗原肽-MHC复合物所启动;第二信号为协同刺激信号。早在1998年就出现了第二代CAR(J Immunol.1998;161(6):2791-7.)。第2代CAR在胞内信号肽区添加了一个协同刺激分子,即把协同刺激信号组装到CAR里面,能够更好的为CAR-T细胞提供活化信号,这样CAR识别肿瘤细胞后能够同时活化协同刺激分子和胞内信号,实现双重活化,能明显提高T细胞增殖分泌能力和抗肿瘤效应。第一个被详细研究的T细胞共刺激信号受体是CD28,它能够与靶细胞表面的B7家族成员结合。CD28的共刺激能够促进T细胞的增殖,IL-2的合成和表达以及增强T细胞抵抗凋亡的能力。随后又出现了CD134(OX40)和CD137(4-1BB)等共刺激分子,以提高T细胞的细胞毒性、增殖活性,维持T细胞应答,延长T细胞存活时间等。这样的第二代CAR在随后的临床试验中产生了意想不到的效果,从2010年起基于第二代CAR的临床报道屡次引发震动,特别是对于复发性、难治性的ALL病人,其完全缓解率高达90%以上。
第三代CAR信号肽区整合2个以上的协同刺激分子,可使T细胞持续活化增殖,细胞因子持续分泌,T细胞杀伤肿瘤细胞的能力更加显著,即新一代的CAR可获得更强的抗肿瘤应答(Mol Ther.2005,12(5):933-941.)。最典型的就是UPen Carl June在CD28刺激因子的作用下又加了一个CD137(4-1BB)的刺激因子。
第四代的CAR-T细胞则加入了细胞因子或共刺激配体,例如四代CAR可以产生IL-12,其能够调节免疫微环境-增加T细胞的激活,同时激活固有免疫细胞使其发挥作用来清除靶抗原阴性的癌细胞,从而达到双向调节的作用。[Expert Opin BiolTher.2015;15(8):1145-54.]。
神经节苷脂GD2是神经系统细胞膜的重要组成部分,在细胞膜上充当重要的调节细胞膜内蛋白质的功能。神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma,NB)为节后交感神经系统胚胎性肿瘤,是儿童最常见的颅外实体恶性肿瘤。NB发病早、恶性程度高、预后差,诱导化疗后仍有10%~20%的患儿发展为难治性NB。尽管手术切除、放射治疗、化疗以及造血干细胞移植等多重疗法介入,NB患儿总体生存率已有所提高,但高危患儿临床预后仍不佳,因此急需寻找新的治疗方法以降低该类患儿的病死率。神经节苷脂GD2属于神经节苷脂鞘脂类,在NB、尤因家族肿瘤、骨肉瘤等实体瘤中过表达,而在其他正常组织中限制性表达,理论上是针对NB免疫治疗的理想靶点。
本发明专利引入鼠源针对GD2靶点的CAR-T细胞在体内发挥作用。为临床实验和临床治疗奠定良好的基础。
发明内容
本发明第一方面提供一种多核苷酸序列,所述多核苷酸序列选自:
(1)含有依次连接的抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列、人CD8α铰链区的编码序列、人CD8跨膜区的编码序列、人41BB胞内区的编码序列、人CD3ζ胞内区的编码序列的多核苷酸序列;和
在一个或多个实施方案中,在所述抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列前的所述信号肽的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:1第1-63位核苷酸序列所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述抗GD2抗体的轻链可变区编码序列如SEQ ID NO:1第64-402位核苷酸序列所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述抗GD2抗体的重链可变区编码序列如SEQ ID NO:1第448-786位核苷酸序列所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述人CD8α铰链区和CD8跨膜区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:1第787-993位核苷酸序列所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述人41BB胞内区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:1第994-1137位核苷酸序列所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述人CD3ζ胞内区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:1第1138-1470位核苷酸序列所示。
本发明第二方面提供一种融合蛋白,所述融合蛋白选自:
(1)含有依次连接的抗GD2单链抗体、人CD8α铰链区、人CD8跨膜区、人41BB胞内区和人CD3ζ胞内区的融合蛋白的编码序列;和
(2)在(1)限定的氨基酸序列中经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且保留活化T细胞活性的由(1)衍生的融合蛋白;
优选地,所述抗GD2单克隆抗体为14G2A。
在一个或多个实施方案中,所述多核苷酸序列在所述抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列前还含有信号肽的编码序列。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述信号肽的氨基酸序列如SEQIDNO:2第1-21位氨基酸所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述抗GD2单链抗体轻链的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第22-134位氨基酸所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述抗GD2单链抗体重链的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第150-262位氨基酸所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述人CD8α铰链区和CD8跨膜区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第263-331位氨基酸所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述人41BB胞内区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第332-379位氨基酸所示。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述人CD3ζ胞内区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第380-490位氨基酸所示。
本发明第三方面提供一种核酸构建物,所述核酸构建物含有本文所述的多核苷酸序列。
在一个或多个实施方案中,所述核酸构建物为载体。在一个或多个实施方案中,所述核酸构建物为逆转录病毒载体,含有复制起始位点,3’LTR,5’LTR,pis包装信号,酶切位点,土拨鼠肝炎病毒转录后调节元件,本文所述的多核苷酸序列,以及任选的可选择的标记。
本发明第四方面提供一种逆转录病毒,所述逆转录病毒含有本文所述的核酸构建物,优选含有所述载体,更优选含有所述逆转录病毒载体。
本发明第五方面提供一种基因修饰的T细胞,所述细胞含有本文所述的多核苷酸序列,或含有本文所述的核酸构建物,或感染了本文所述的逆转录病毒,或稳定表达本文所述的融合蛋白。
本发明第六方面提供一种含本文所述的基因修饰的T细胞的药物组合物。
本发明第七方面提供本文所述的多核苷酸序列、融合蛋白、核酸构建物或逆转录病毒在制备活化的T细胞中的应用。
本发明第八方面提供本文所述的多核苷酸序列、融合蛋白、核酸构建物、逆转录病毒、或基因修饰的T细胞或其药物组合物在制备治疗GD2介导的疾病的药物中的用途。
在一个或多个实施方案中,所述GD2介导的疾病为神经母细胞瘤、肺鳞癌。
附图说明
图1为GD2-CAR逆转录病毒表达载体(GD2-BBz)示意图。
图2为流式细胞仪显示逆转录病毒感染T细胞72小时的GD2-BBz CART表达效率。
图3为制备5天的GD2-BBz与靶细胞共培养5小时CD107a的分泌。
图4为制备5天的GD2-BBz与靶细胞共培养5小时IFNγ的分泌。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种靶向鼠源化GD2的嵌合抗原受体(CAR)。该CAR含有依次连接的抗GD2单链抗体、人CD8α铰链区、人CD8跨膜区、人41BB胞内区、人CD3ζ胞内区的片段。
适用于本发明的抗GD2单链抗体可衍生自本领域周知的各种抗GD2单克隆抗体。
因此,在某些实施方案中,适用于本发明的抗GD2单链抗体含有特异性识别人GD2。任选地,所述轻链可变区和重链可变区可通过接头序列连接在一起。在某些实施方案中,所述单克隆抗体是14G2A。
形成本发明的融合蛋白,如抗GD2单链抗体的轻链可变区和重链可变区、人CD8α铰链区、人CD8跨膜区、41BB和人CD3ζ胞内区等,相互之间可直接连接,或者可通过接头序列连接。接头序列可以是本领域周知的适用于抗体的接头序列,例如含G和S的接头序列。通常,接头含有一个或多个前后重复的基序。例如,该基序可以是GGGS、GGGGS、SSSSG、GSGSA和GGSGG。优选地,该基序在接头序列中是相邻的,在重复之间没有插入氨基酸残基。接头序列可以包含1、2、3、4或5个重复基序组成。接头的长度可以是3~25个氨基酸残基,例如3~15、5~15、10~20个氨基酸残基。在某些实施方案中,接头序列是多甘氨酸接头序列。接头序列中甘氨酸的数量无特别限制,通常为2~20个,例如2~15、2~10、2~8个。除甘氨酸和丝氨酸来,接头中还可含有其它已知的氨基酸残基,例如丙氨酸(A)、亮氨酸(L)、苏氨酸(T)、谷氨酸(E)、苯丙氨酸(F)、精氨酸(R)、谷氨酰胺(Q)等。
应理解,在基因克隆操作中,常常需要设计合适的酶切位点,这势必在所表达的氨基酸序列末端引入了一个或多个不相干的残基,而这并不影响目的序列的活性。为了构建融合蛋白、促进重组蛋白的表达、获得自动分泌到宿主细胞外的重组蛋白、或利于重组蛋白的纯化,常常需要将一些氨基酸添加至重组蛋白的N-末端、C-末端或该蛋白内的其它合适区域内,例如,包括但不限于,适合的接头肽、信号肽、前导肽、末端延伸等。因此,本发明的融合蛋白(即所述CAR)的氨基端或羧基端还可含有一个或多个多肽片段,作为蛋白标签。任何合适的标签都可以用于本文。例如,所述的标签可以是FLAG,HA,HA1,c-Myc,Poly-His,Poly-Arg,Strep-TagII,AU1,EE,T7,4A6,ε,B,gE以及Ty1。这些标签可用于对蛋白进行纯化。
本发明也包括SEQ ID NO:2第22-379位氨基酸序列所示的CAR、SEQ ID NO:2第22-490位氨基酸序列所示的CAR、SEQ ID NO:2第1-490位氨基酸序列所示的CAR或SEQID NO:2所示的CAR的突变体。这些突变体包括:与该CAR具有至少80%,优选至少85%,优选至少90%,优选至少95%,优选至少97%的序列相同性并保留该CAR的生物学活性(如活化T细胞)的氨基酸序列。可采用例如NCBI的BLASTp计算两条比对的序列之间的序列相同性。
突变体还包括:在SEQ ID NO:2第22-490位所示的氨基酸序列、SEQ ID NO:2第22-490位所示的氨基酸序列、SEQ ID NO:2第1-490位所示的氨基酸序列或SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列中具有一个或数个突变(插入、缺失或取代)、同时仍保留该CAR的生物学活性的氨基酸序列。所述数个突变通常指1-10个以内,例如1-8个、1-5个或1-3个。取代优选是保守性取代。例如,在本领域中,用性能相近或相似的氨基酸进行保守性取代时,通常不会改变蛋白质或多肽的功能。“性能相近或相似的氨基酸”包括例如,具有相似侧链的氨基酸残基的家族,这些家族包括具有碱性侧链的氨基酸(例如赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸)、具有酸性侧链的氨基酸(例如天冬氨酸、谷氨酸)、具有不带电荷的极性侧链的氨基酸(例如甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸、半胱氨酸)、具有非极性侧链的氨基酸(例如丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸、色氨酸)、具有β-分支侧链的氨基酸(例如苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸)和具有芳香侧链的氨基酸(例如酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸)。因此,在本发明多肽中用来自同一侧链类的另一氨基酸残基替换一个或几个位点,将不会在实质上影响其活性。
本发明包括编码本发明融合蛋白的多核苷酸序列。本发明的多核苷酸序列可以是DNA形式或RNA形式。DNA形式包括cDNA、基因组DNA或人工合成的DNA。DNA可以是单链的或是双链的。DNA可以是编码链或非编码链。本发明也包括编码融合蛋白的多核苷酸序列的简并变异体,即编码相同的氨基酸序列但核苷酸序列有所不同的核苷酸序列。
本文所述的多核苷酸序列通常可以用PCR扩增法获得。具体而言,可根据本文所公开的核苷酸序列,尤其是开放阅读框序列来设计引物,并用市售的cDNA库或按本领域技术人员已知的常规方法所制备的cDNA库作为模板,扩增而得有关序列。当序列较长时,常常需要进行两次或多次PCR扩增,然后再将各次扩增出的片段按正确次序拼接在一起。例如,在某些实施方案中,编码本文所述融合蛋白的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第64-1470位核苷酸所示,或如SEQ ID NO:1第1-1470位核苷酸所示。
调控序列可以是合适的启动子序列。启动子序列通常与待表达蛋白的编码序列操作性连接。启动子可以是在所选择的宿主细胞中显示转录活性的任何核苷酸序列,包括突变的、截短的和杂合启动子,并且可以从编码与该宿主细胞同源或异源的胞外或胞内多肽的基因获得。调控序列也可以是合适的转录终止子序列,由宿主细胞识别以终止转录的序列。终止子序列与编码该多肽的核苷酸序列的3’末端操作性连接。在选择的宿主细胞中有功能的任何终止子都可用于本发明。调控序列也可以是合适的前导序列,对宿主细胞翻译重要的mRNA的非翻译区。前导序列与编码该多肽的核苷酸序列的5′末端可操作连接。在选择的宿主细胞中有功能的任何终止子都可用于本发明。
在某些实施方案中,所述核酸构建物是载体。通常通过可操作地连接本发明的多核苷酸序列至启动子,并将构建体并入表达载体,实现本发明多核苷酸序列的表达。该载体对于复制和整合真核细胞可为合适的。典型的克隆载体包含可用于调节期望核酸序列表达的转录和翻译终止子、起始序列和启动子。
本发明的多核苷酸序列可被克隆入许多类型的载体。例如,可被克隆入质粒、噬菌粒、噬菌体衍生物、动物病毒和粘粒。进一步地,载体是表达载体。表达载体可以以病毒载体形式提供给细胞。病毒载体技术在本领域中是公知的并在例如Sambrook等(2001,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory,New York)和其他病毒学和分子生物学手册中进行了描述。可用作载体的病毒包括但不限于逆转录病毒、腺病毒、腺伴随病毒、疱疹病毒和慢病毒。
通常,合适的载体包含在至少一种有机体中起作用的复制起点、启动子序列、方便的限制酶位点和一个或多个可选择的标记(例如,WO 01/96584;WO01/29058;和美国专利号6,326,193)。
例如,在某些实施方案中,本发明使用逆转录病毒载体,该逆转录病毒载体含有复制起始位点,3’LTR,5’LTR,pis包装信号,酶切位点,土拨鼠肝炎病毒转录后调节元件,本文所述的多核苷酸序列,以及任选的可选择的标记。所述土拨鼠肝炎病毒转录后调节元件可增强病毒转录物的稳定性。
合适的启动子的一个例子为即时早期巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子序列。该启动子序列是能够驱动可操作地连接至其上的任何多核苷酸序列高水平表达的强组成型启动子序列。合适的启动子的另一个例子为延伸生长因子-1α(EF-1α)。然而,也可使用其他组成型启动子序列,包括但不限于类人猿病毒40(SV40)早期启动子、小鼠乳癌病毒(MMTV)、人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)长末端重复(LTR)启动子、MoMuLV启动子、鸟类白血病病毒启动子、EB病毒即时早期启动子、鲁斯氏肉瘤病毒启动子、以及人基因启动子,诸如但不限于肌动蛋白启动子、肌球蛋白启动子、血红素启动子和肌酸激酶启动子。进一步地,也可考虑使用诱导型启动子。诱导型启动子的使用提供了分子开关,其能够在期限表达时打开可操作地连接诱导型启动子的多核苷酸序列的表达,而在当表达是不期望的时关闭表达。诱导型启动子的例子包括但不限于金属硫蛋白启动子、糖皮质激素启动子、孕酮启动子和四环素启动子。
为了评估CAR多肽或其部分的表达,被引入细胞的表达载体也可包含可选择的标记基因或报道基因中的任一个或两者,以便于从通过病毒载体寻求被转染或感染的细胞群中鉴定和选择表达细胞。在其他方面,可选择的标记可被携带在单独一段DNA上并用于共转染程序。可选择的标记和报道基因两者的侧翼都可具有适当的调节序列,以便能够在宿主细胞中表达。有用的可选择标记包括例如抗生素抗性基因,诸如neo等等。
报道基因用于鉴定潜在转染的细胞并用于评价调节序列的功能性。在DNA已经被引入受体细胞后,报道基因的表达在合适的时间下进行测定。合适的报道基因可包括编码荧光素酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、氯霉素乙酰转移酶、分泌型碱性磷酸酶或绿色萤光蛋白基因的基因。合适的表达系统是公知的并可利用已知技术制备或从商业上获得。
将基因引入细胞和将基因表达入细胞的方法在本领域中是已知的。载体可通过在本领域中的任何方法容易地引入宿主细胞,例如,哺乳动物、细菌、酵母或昆虫细胞。例如,表达载体可通过物理、化学或生物学手段转移入宿主细胞。
将多核苷酸引入宿主细胞的物理方法包括磷酸钙沉淀、脂质转染法、粒子轰击、微注射、电穿孔等等。将感兴趣的多核苷酸引入宿主细胞的生物学方法包括使用DNA和RNA载体。将多核苷酸引入宿主细胞的化学手段包括胶体分散系统,诸如大分子复合物、纳米胶囊、微球、珠;和基于脂质的系统,包括水包油乳剂、胶束、混合胶束和脂质体。
将多核苷酸引入宿主细胞的生物学方法包括使用病毒载体,特别是逆转录病毒载体,这已经成为最广泛使用的将基因插入哺乳动物例如人细胞的方法。其他病毒载体可源自慢病毒、痘病毒、单纯疱疹病毒I、腺病毒和腺伴随病毒等等。已经开发了许多基于病毒的系统,用于将基因转移入哺乳动物细胞。例如,逆转录病毒提供了用于基因传递系统的方便的平台。可利用本领域中已知的技术将选择的基因插入载体并包装入逆转录病毒颗粒。该重组病毒可随后被分离和传递至体内或离体的对象细胞。许多反转录病毒系统在本领域中是已知的。在一些实施方案中,使用腺病毒载体。许多腺病毒载体在本领域中是已知的。在一个实施方案中,使用慢病毒载体。
因此,在某些实施方案中,本发明还提供用于活化T细胞的逆转录病毒,该病毒含有本文所述的逆转录病毒载体以及相应的包装基因,如gag、pol和vsvg。
适用于本发明的T细胞可以是各种来源的各种类型的T细胞。例如,T细胞可来源于B细胞恶性肿瘤患者的PBMC。
在某些实施方案中,获得T细胞后,可先用适量的(例如30~80ng/ml,如50ng/ml)的CD3抗体刺激活化,然后在含有适量的(例如30~80IU/ml,如50IU/ml)的IL2培养基进行培养备用。
本发明的CAR-T细胞可经历稳固的体内T细胞扩展并在血液和骨髓中以高水平持续延长的时间量,并形成特异性记忆T细胞。不希望被任何具体的理论所束缚,在遇到并随后消除表达替代抗原的靶细胞后,本发明的CAR-T细胞可体内分化成中心记忆样状态。
由CAR-T细胞引起的抗肿瘤免疫应答可为主动或被动免疫应答。另外,CAR介导的免疫应答可为过继免疫疗法步骤的一部分,其中CAR-T细胞诱导对CAR中的抗原结合部分特异性的免疫应答。
因此,可采用本发明的CAR、其编码序列、核酸构建物、表达载体、病毒以及CAR-T细胞治疗的疾病优选为GD2介导的疾病。
本发明的CAR-修饰的T细胞可被单独施用或作为药物组合物与稀释剂和/或与其他组分诸如相关的细胞因子或细胞群结合施用。简单地说,本发明的药物组合物可包括如本文所述的CAR-T细胞,与一种或多种药学或生理学上可接受载体、稀释剂或赋形剂结合。这样的组合物可包括缓冲液诸如中性缓冲盐水、硫酸盐缓冲盐水等等;碳水化合物诸如葡萄糖、甘露糖、蔗糖或葡聚糖、甘露醇;蛋白质;多肽或氨基酸诸如甘氨酸;抗氧化剂;螯合剂诸如EDTA或谷胱甘肽;佐剂(例如,氢氧化铝);和防腐剂。
本发明的药物组合物可以以适于待治疗(或预防)的疾病的方式施用。施用的数量和频率将由这样的因素确定,如患者的病症、和患者疾病的类型和严重度。
当指出“免疫学上有效量”、“抗肿瘤有效量”、“肿瘤-抑制有效量”或“治疗量”时,待施用的本发明组合物的精确量可由医师确定,其考虑患者(对象)的年龄、重量、肿瘤大小、感染或转移程度和病症的个体差异。可通常指出:包括本文描述的T细胞的药物组合物可以以104至109个细胞/kg体重的剂量,优选105至106个细胞/kg体重的剂量。T细胞组合物也可以以这些剂量多次施用。细胞可通过使用免疫疗法中公知的注入技术(见例如Rosenberg等,New Eng.J.of Med.319:1676,1988)施用。对于具体患者的最佳剂量和治疗方案可通过监测患者的疾病迹象并因此调节治疗由医学领域技术人员容易地确定。
对象组合物的施用可以以任何方便的方式进行,包括通过喷雾法、注射、吞咽、输液、植入或移植。本文描述的组合物可被皮下、皮内、瘤内、结内、脊髓内、肌肉内、通过静脉内注射或腹膜内施用给患者。在一个实施方案中,本发明的T细胞组合物通过皮内或皮下注射被施用给患者。在另一个实施方案中,本发明的T细胞组合物优选通过静脉注射施用。T细胞的组合物可被直接注入肿瘤、淋巴结或感染位置。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明的CAR-T细胞或其组合物可与本领域已知的其它疗法结合。所述疗法包括但不限于化疗、放疗和免疫抑制剂。例如,可结合本领域周知的治疗GD2介导的疾病的放疗或化疗制剂进行治疗。
本发明通过参考以下实验实施例进一步详细地进行描述。这些实施例仅出于说明性的目的提供,并不意欲为限制性的,除非另有规定。因此,本发明决不应被解释为限于以下实施例,而是应被解释为包括由于本文提供的教导变得显而易见的任何和全部的变化。实施例中所用的方法和试剂,除非另有说明,否则为本领域常规的方法和试剂。
实施例1:GD2scFv-CD8-41BB-CD3ζ基因序列的确定
从NCBI网站数据库搜索到人CD8α铰链区和跨膜区、人41BB胞内区、人的CD3ζ胞内区基因序列信息,抗GD2单链抗体克隆号为14G2A,这些序列在网站http://sg.idtdna.com/site上进行密码子优化,保证在编码氨基酸序列不变的情况下更适合人类细胞表达。
采用重叠PCR将上述序列依次按抗将上述序列依次按抗GD2scFv、人CD8α铰链区和跨膜区、人41BB胞内区基因、人CD3ζ胞内区基因序列进行连接,在各序列连接处引入不同酶切位点,形成完整的GD2-CAR基因序列信息。
用NotI(NEB)和EcoRI(NEB)双酶切该CAR分子的核苷酸序列,经T4连接酶(NEB)连接插入逆转录病毒RV的NotI-EcoRI位点,转化到感受态大肠杆菌(DH5α)。
将重组质粒送上海生工生物技术有限公司进行测序,将测序结果与拟合成的GD2-CAR序列比对来验证序列是否正确。测序引物为:
正义:AGCATCGTTCTGTGTTGTCTC
反义:TGTTTGTCTTGTGGCAATACAC
本实施例所构建得到的质粒图谱如图1所示。
实施例2:包含CAR分子的核酸序列的病毒载体的构建
将实施例1中制备的CAR分子的核苷酸序列经NotI(NEB)和EcoRI(NEB)双酶切、经T4连接酶(NEB)连接插入逆转录病毒RV载体的NotI-EcoRI位点,转化到感受态E.coli(DH5α),经测序正确后,使用Qiagen公司的质粒纯化试剂盒提取并纯化质粒,纯化质粒的质粒磷酸钙法转染293T细胞进行逆转录病毒包装实验。
实施例3:逆转录病毒包装
1.第1天293T细胞应是小于20代,不过分长满的。以0.6*10^6cells/ml铺板,10cm皿添加10ml的DMEM培养基,充分混匀细胞,37度培养过夜;
2.第2天293T细胞融合度达到90%左右进行转染(通常是铺板14-18h左右);准备质粒复合物,各种质粒的量为RV-GD2-BBz为12.5ug,Gag-pol为10ug,VSVg为6.25ug,CaCl2250ul,H2O为1ml总体积为1.25ml;在另一个管里添加跟质粒复合物等体积的HBS,边加质粒复合物边涡旋震荡20s。温柔地将混合物沿着边加入到293T皿中,37度培养4h,去除培养基,PBS洗一遍,重新加入预热的新鲜培养基;
3.第4天:转染48h后收集上清并用0.45um滤器过滤后分装保存于-80度,继续添加预热的新鲜DMEM培养基。
实施例4:逆转录病毒感染人的T细胞
1.用Ficcol分离液(天津灏洋)分离获得较纯的CD3+T细胞,用含5%AB血清X-VIVO(LONZA)培养基调整细胞密度为1×106/mL。将细胞以1ml/孔接种到预先用抗人50ng/mlCD3抗体(北京同立海元)和50ng/ml 41BB抗体(北京同立海元),再加入100IU/ml的白细胞介素2(北京双鹭),刺激培养48小时后病毒感染。
2.T细胞活化培养后隔天,PBS稀释至终浓度为15μg/ml的Retronectin(Takara)包被non-ti ssue treated培养板,24孔板每孔250μl。避光,4℃过夜备用。
3.T细胞活化培养两天后,取出2块包被好的24孔板,吸弃包被液,加入含2%BSA的HBSS室温封闭30min。封闭液体积为每孔500μl,吸弃封闭液,用含2.5%HEPES的HBSS洗板两次。
4.病毒液加入孔内,每孔加2ml病毒液,32℃,2000g,离心2h。
5.弃去上清液,24孔板每孔加入活化后的T细胞1×106个,体积1ml,培养基为T细胞培养基中添加IL-2 200IU/ml。30℃,1000g,离心10min。
6.离心完毕后,将培养板置于37℃,5%CO2培养箱中培养。
7.感染后24h,将细胞悬液吸出,1200rpm,4℃,离心7min。
8.细胞感染后,每天观察细胞的密度,适时补加含IL-2 100IU/ml的T细胞培养液,使T细胞的密度维持在5×105/ml左右,使细胞扩增。
由此获得分别感染了实施例3所示逆转录病毒的CART细胞,命名为GD2CART细胞。
实施例5:流式细胞仪检测感染后T淋巴细胞的比例及表面CAR蛋白的表达
分别离心收集感染后72小时的CAR-T细胞和NT细胞(对照组),PBS洗涤1次后弃上清,加入相应的抗体避光30min后PBS洗涤,重悬,最后流式细胞仪检测CAR阳性率。抗体为anti-mouse IgG F(ab')antibody(Jackson Immunoresearch)。
本实施例结果在图2显示,使用实施例3制备得到的逆转录病毒感染T细胞72小时后,GD2CAR+的表达效率达37.3%。
实施例6:CAR-T细胞与靶细胞共培养后CD107a表达检测
1.取一块V底96孔板,每孔加CART/NT细胞2*105个和靶细胞(SK-MES-1)/对照细胞(Hela)2*105个,重悬为100ul不含IL-2的X-VIVO完全培养基,加入BD GolgiStop(含monesin,每1ml培养基中加入1μl BD GolgiStop),每孔加入2ul CD107a抗体(1:50),37℃孵育4小时,收集细胞。
2.将样品离心去除培养基,PBS洗细胞一次,400g,4℃离心5分钟。弃上清,每管加入适量特异性表面抗体CD3、CD4、CD8,重悬体积100ul,冰上避光孵育30分钟。
3.每管用3mL的PBS清洗细胞1次,400g离心5分钟。仔细吸去上清。
4.适量PBS重悬,流式细胞仪检测CD3、CD4、CD8、CD107a。
显示在图3中。图3显示,GD2CART细胞在与SK-MES-1细胞共培养后CD8阳性细胞中CD107a表达的百分率为22.2%。
实施例7:CAR-T细胞与靶细胞共培养后IFNγ分泌检测
1.取制备好的CAR-T细胞,重悬与Lonza培养基中,调整细胞浓度为1×106/mL。
2.实验组每孔含靶细胞(SK-MES-1)或阴性对照细胞(Hela)2×105个,CAR-T/NT细胞2×105个,200μl不含IL-2的Lonza培养基。充分混匀后加入96孔板中。加入BDGolgiStop(含monesin,每1ml培养基中加入1μl BD GolgiStop),充分混匀后,37℃孵育5小时。收集细胞,作为实验组。
3.每管用1mL的PBS清洗细胞1次,300g离心5分钟。弃上清,每管加入适量特异性表面抗体CAR、CD3,重悬体积100ul,冰上避光孵育30分钟。
4.PBS洗细胞后,加入250μl/EP管Fixation/Permeabilization solution,4℃孵育20分钟以固定细胞及破膜。用1×BD Perm/WashTMbuffer清洗细胞2次,1mL/次。
5.进行胞内因子染色,取适量IFN-γ细胞因子荧光抗体或阴性对照,用BD Perm/WashTMbuffer稀释至50μl。用此抗体稀释液充分重悬已固定破膜的细胞,4℃避光孵育30min,1×BD Perm/WashTMbuffer 1mL/次清洗细胞2次,然后用PBS重悬。
6.流式细胞仪检测CAR、CD3、IFN-γ。
本实施例结果如图4所示,GD2CART细胞与靶细胞(SK-MES-1)共培养INF-γ分泌在16.4%左右。
序列表
<110> 上海恒润达生生物科技有限公司
<120> 靶向GD2的嵌合抗原受体及其用途
<160> 4
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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<211> 1470
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列()
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atggctctgc ctgtgaccgc cctgctgctg cctctggctc tgctgctgca cgccgctcgg 60
cctgacgtgg taatgaccca gactccgttg agccttccag tctctctcgg cgaccaggct 120
tccatctctt gtagatcatc tcagagcctc gttcatcgca acgggaacac gtacttgcac 180
tggtatttgc aaaaaccggg ccaaagccca aaattgttga tccacaaggt ttccaatcgc 240
tttagtgggg tccccgacag atttagtggc tccgggtcag gtaccgattt cacgctgaag 300
attagcaggg tcgaagccga ggatctgggc gtttattttt gttctcagag cacccatgtt 360
ccgccattga cgttcggtgc ggggacgaag ctggaactga aaggcggcgg gggttctggt 420
ggcggcggca gcggcggtgg aggatcagag gtgcaactcc tccaaagcgg tcctgaactt 480
gaaaagccag gtgctagcgt catgatttca tgtaaagcta gtggaagctc atttacagga 540
tacaatatga actgggttcg acaaaatata ggtaaatctc ttgagtggat aggcgctatt 600
gatccgtact atggagggac atcttacaac cagaagttta agggacgagc cacattgact 660
gtggataagt caagcagcac cgcttatatg cacttgaaga gtttgactag tgaggattct 720
gctgtctact attgcgtcag tggaatggag tattggggac aaggaacgtc agtcacggtc 780
tcaagtacta caactccagc acccagaccc cctacacctg ctccaactat cgcaagtcag 840
cccctgtcac tgcgccctga agcctgtcgc cctgctgccg ggggagctgt gcatactcgg 900
ggactggact ttgcctgtga tatctacatc tgggcgccct tggccgggac ttgtggggtc 960
cttctcctgt cactggttat caccctttac tgcaggttca gtgtcgtgaa gagaggccgg 1020
aagaagctgc tgtacatctt caagcagcct ttcatgaggc ccgtgcagac tacccaggag 1080
gaagatggat gcagctgtag attccctgaa gaggaggaag gaggctgtga gctgagagtg 1140
aagttctccc gaagcgcaga tgccccagcc tatcagcagg gacagaatca gctgtacaac 1200
gagctgaacc tgggaagacg ggaggaatac gatgtgctgg acaaaaggcg gggcagagat 1260
cctgagatgg gcggcaaacc aagacggaag aacccccagg aaggtctgta taatgagctg 1320
cagaaagaca agatggctga ggcctactca gaaatcggga tgaagggcga aagaaggaga 1380
ggaaaaggcc acgacggact gtaccagggg ctgagtacag caacaaaaga cacctatgac 1440
gctctgcaca tgcaggctct gccaccaaga 1470
<210> 2
<211> 490
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列()
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Met Ala Leu Pro Val Thr Ala Leu Leu Leu Pro Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
His Ala Ala Arg Pro Asp Val Val Met Thr Gln Thr Pro Leu Ser Leu
20 25 30
Pro Val Ser Leu Gly Asp Gln Ala Ser Ile Ser Cys Arg Ser Ser Gln
35 40 45
Ser Leu Val His Arg Asn Gly Asn Thr Tyr Leu His Trp Tyr Leu Gln
50 55 60
Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile His Lys Val Ser Asn Arg
65 70 75 80
Phe Ser Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
85 90 95
Phe Thr Leu Lys Ile Ser Arg Val Glu Ala Glu Asp Leu Gly Val Tyr
100 105 110
Phe Cys Ser Gln Ser Thr His Val Pro Pro Leu Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly
115 120 125
Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser
130 135 140
Ser Gly Gly Gly Ser Glu Val Gln Leu Leu Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu
145 150 155 160
Glu Lys Pro Gly Ala Ser Val Met Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Ser
165 170 175
Ser Phe Thr Gly Tyr Asn Met Asn Trp Val Arg Gln Asn Ile Gly Lys
180 185 190
Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile Gly Ala Ile Asp Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Gly Thr Ser
195 200 205
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Lys Gly Arg Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser
210 215 220
Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr Met His Leu Lys Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser
225 230 235 240
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Val Ser Gly Met Glu Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
245 250 255
Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser Thr Thr Thr Pro Ala Pro Arg Pro Pro Thr
260 265 270
Pro Ala Pro Thr Ile Ala Ser Gln Pro Leu Ser Leu Arg Pro Glu Ala
275 280 285
Cys Arg Pro Ala Ala Gly Gly Ala Val His Thr Arg Gly Leu Asp Phe
290 295 300
Ala Cys Asp Ile Tyr Ile Trp Ala Pro Leu Ala Gly Thr Cys Gly Val
305 310 315 320
Leu Leu Leu Ser Leu Val Ile Thr Leu Tyr Cys Arg Phe Ser Val Val
325 330 335
Lys Arg Gly Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu Tyr Ile Phe Lys Gln Pro Phe Met
340 345 350
Arg Pro Val Gln Thr Thr Gln Glu Glu Asp Gly Cys Ser Cys Arg Phe
355 360 365
Pro Glu Glu Glu Glu Gly Gly Cys Glu Leu Arg Val Lys Phe Ser Arg
370 375 380
Ser Ala Asp Ala Pro Ala Tyr Gln Gln Gly Gln Asn Gln Leu Tyr Asn
385 390 395 400
Glu Leu Asn Leu Gly Arg Arg Glu Glu Tyr Asp Val Leu Asp Lys Arg
405 410 415
Arg Gly Arg Asp Pro Glu Met Gly Gly Lys Pro Arg Arg Lys Asn Pro
420 425 430
Gln Glu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Glu Leu Gln Lys Asp Lys Met Ala Glu Ala
435 440 445
Tyr Ser Glu Ile Gly Met Lys Gly Glu Arg Arg Arg Gly Lys Gly His
450 455 460
Asp Gly Leu Tyr Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr Ala Thr Lys Asp Thr Tyr Asp
465 470 475 480
Ala Leu His Met Gln Ala Leu Pro Pro Arg
485 490
<210> 3
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列()
<220>
Claims (10)
1.一种多核苷酸序列,所述多核苷酸序列选自:
(1)含有依次连接的抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列、人CD8α铰链区的编码序列、人CD8跨膜区的编码序列、人41BB胞内区的编码序列、人CD3ζ胞内区的编码序列的多核苷酸序列;和
(2)(1)所述多核苷酸序列的互补序列。
2.如权利要求1所述的多核苷酸序列,其特征在于,
所述多核苷酸序列在所述抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列前还含有信号肽的编码序列,优选地,所述信号肽的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第1-63位多核苷酸所示;和/或
所述抗GD2单链抗体的轻链可变区的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第64-402位多核苷酸所示;和/或
所述抗GD2单链抗体的重链可变区的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第448-786位多核苷酸所示;和/或
所述人CD8α铰链区的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第787-927位多核苷酸所示;和/或
所述人CD8跨膜区的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第928-993位多核苷酸所示;和/或
所述人41BB胞内区的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第994-1137位多核苷酸所示;和/或
所述人CD3ζ胞内区的多核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1第1138-1470位多核苷酸所示。
3.如权利要求2所述的氨基酸序列,其特征在于,
在所述抗GD2单链抗体的编码序列前的所述信号肽的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第1-21位氨基酸序列所示;和/或
所述抗GD2单链抗体的轻链可变区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第22-134位氨基酸序列所示;和/或
所述抗GD2单链抗体的重链可变区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第150-262位氨基酸序列所示;和/或
所述人CD8α铰链区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第263-309位氨基酸序列所示;和/或
所述人CD8跨膜区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第310-331位氨基酸序列所示;和/或
所述人41BB胞内区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第332-379位氨基酸序列所示;和/或
所述人CD3ζ胞内区的编码序列如SEQ ID NO:2第380-490位氨基酸序列所示。
4.一种融合蛋白,所述融合蛋白选自:
(1)含有依次连接的抗GD2单链抗体、人CD8α铰链区、人CD8跨膜区、人41BB胞内区和人CD3ζ胞内区的融合蛋白编码序列;和
(2)在(1)限定的氨基酸序列中经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且保留活化T细胞活性的由(1)衍生的融合蛋白;
优选地,所述抗GD2单链抗体为抗GD2单克隆抗体14G2A。
5.如权利要求4所述的融合蛋白,其特征在于,所述融合蛋白具有以下一个或多个特征:
所述融合蛋白在所述抗GD2单链抗体的N端还含有信号肽,优选地,所述信号肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第1-21位氨基酸所示;
所述抗GD2单链抗体的轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第22-134位氨基酸所示;
所述抗GD2单链抗体的重链可变区的氨基酸序列可如SEQ ID NO:2第150-262位氨基酸所示;
所述人CD8α铰链区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第263-309位氨基酸所示;
所述人CD8跨膜区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第310-331位氨基酸所示;
所述人41BB胞内区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第332-379位氨基酸所示;
所述人CD3ζ胞内区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2第380-490位氨基酸所示。
6.一种核酸构建物,所述核酸构建物含有权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多核苷酸序列;
优选地,所述核酸构建物为载体;
更优选地,所述核酸构建物为逆转录病毒载体,含有复制起始位点,3’LTR,5’LTR,以及权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多核苷酸序列。
7.一种逆转录病毒,所述逆转录病毒含有权利要求6所述的核酸构建物,优选含有所述载体,更优选含有所述逆转录病毒载体。
8.一种基因修饰的T细胞或含该基因修饰的T细胞的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述细胞含有权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多核苷酸序列,或含有权利要求6所述的核酸构建物,或感染了权利要求7所述的逆转录病毒,或稳定表达权利要求3-5中任一项所述的融合蛋白。
9.权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多核苷酸序列、权利要求3-5中任一项所述的融合蛋白、权利要求6所述的核酸构建物或权利要求7所述的逆转录病毒在制备活化的T细胞中的应用。
10.权利要求1-3中任一项所述的多核苷酸序列、权利要求3-5中任一项所述的融合蛋白、权利要求6所述的核酸构建物、权利要求7所述的逆转录病毒、或权利要求8所述的基因修饰的T细胞或其药物组合物在制备治疗GD2介导的疾病的药物中的用途;优选地,所述GD2介导的疾病为神经母细胞瘤、肺鳞癌等。
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