CN108728085A - 一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于分析化学技术领域,尤其涉及一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法及其应用,该比率发光碳点探针以对甲苯酚、六次甲基四胺和邻苯二胺为原料得到碳点发光纳米材料,以比率发光的方式检测锌离子,并且作为新型用于检测锌离子的比率发光纳米传感器,具有稳定性好、抗干扰性好等优点,可应用于溶液中的锌离子检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分析化学技术领域,尤其涉及一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
作为人体必需的微量营养素之一,锌离子在DNA复制和修复、基因表达和细胞代谢等生理过程中起着至关重要的作用。因此,近年来锌离子的检测引起了化学家、生物学家和生理学家的广泛关注,但是由于锌离子没有明显的光谱和磁信号,使得常见的分析技术比如紫外可见光谱法、穆斯堡尔谱、核磁共振、电子顺磁共振光谱法等难以检测锌离子。
随着荧光分子探针的不断发展,人们合成了许多锌离子的有机分子探针,除了有机分子,越来越多新型的发光材料产生出来。碳点(CDs),作为一个发光纳米材料的新星,在过去十年引起了极大的关注,它们具有独特的光学特性,与传统的量子点不同,碳点合成方法简单且原料多样,与有机荧光探针和传统的无机量子点纳米粒子相比具有极低的毒性,虽然碳点目前已经开发了数以千计的前体和数以百计的合成方法,大多数报道的碳点紫外光激发下发出蓝绿色的光及其发射光的波长依赖于激发光波长,一般情况下碳点的黄色或红色荧光需要绿色或黄色光激发才能得到,这种激发依赖性严重阻碍了碳点在生物成像方面的进一步的应用,而比率型荧光探针可以同时检测两个不同波长处的荧光强度,建立内部标度,可以克服单一荧光探针由于如仪器效率、检测环境、探针浓度等因素影响检测信号的问题,所以将碳点制成比率荧光探针用于检测锌离子非常重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法及其应用。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛的合成
先将对甲基苯酚和六次甲基四胺溶解于15 mL三氟乙酸溶液中,在氩气保护下,110℃回流反应24 小时,将反应液冷却至室温,加入66 mL盐酸,室温搅拌10 分钟后,用二氯甲烷和饱和食盐水萃取,并用饱和食盐水洗三次,将有机层减压旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱色谱提纯得白色絮状固体,真空干燥得化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛。
2)碳点探针的合成
取邻苯二胺和化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛,再向其中加入10 mL乙醇,搅拌使其混合均匀,将溶液转移于水热釜中,于180 ℃烘箱中反应8小时,再冷却至室温,得到浅棕色溶液,用去离子水沉淀三次,离心,将得到的黄色固体在真空干燥箱中干燥24小时得到碳点探针。
进一步的,所述步骤1)中对甲基苯酚与六次甲基四胺的物质的量比值为1:2。
进一步的,所述步骤2)中邻苯二胺与化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛的物质的量比值为5:4。
一种比率发光碳点探针的应用,该比率发光碳点探针可以作为传感器用于溶液中锌离子的比率荧光检测,可以同时检测两个不同波长处的荧光强度,建立内部标度。
本发明具有的优点是:将碳点技术与比率荧光探针技术结合制备比率发光碳点探针,制备条件温和、原料价格低廉、易于推广,且制得的碳点探针作为传感器使用具有光稳定性好,抗干扰性好可以同时检测两个不同波长处的荧光强度,建立内部标度,可以克服单一荧光探针由于如仪器效率、检测环境、探针浓度等因素影响检测信号的问题,适用于溶液中锌离子的比率荧光检测。
附图说明
图1碳点(0.67μg/mL)在水-乙醇溶液(水与乙醇体积比150:1)加入不同浓度的锌离子(浓度从0→1 mM)的发光光谱,激发波长365 nm;
图2 碳点探针随锌离子浓度(0.25 mM→0.6 mM)和430 nm处与495 nm处发光强度比率的线性关系图;
图3 碳点探针识别不同浓度的锌离子后的照片;
图4 碳点探针不同pH值下加入锌离子前后430 nm处与495 nm处发光强度比率变化情况;
图5 碳点探针识别锌离子对不同金属离子的选择性和抗干扰性柱状图,金属离子分别为空白、Al3+、Ca2+、Mn2+、K+、Co2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Mg2+、Na2+、Pt2+,不同金属离子的浓度分别为1 mM;
图6 碳点探针识别锌离子后分别加入不同金属离子溶液的照片,金属离子分别为空白、Al3+、Ca2+、Mn2+、K+、Co2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Mg2+、Na2+、Pt2+,不同金属离子的浓度分别为1mM;
图7 碳点探针识别锌离子对不同阴离子的选择性和抗干扰性柱状图,阴离子分别为空白、Cl-、F-、Br-、I-、NO2-、ClO3-、SO3 2-、N3 -、SO4 2-、OAc-、BrO3 -,不同阴离子的浓度分别为1 mM;
图8 碳点探针识别锌离子对不同氨基酸分子的选择性和抗干扰性柱状图,氨基酸分子分别为空白、Leu、Cys、Met、Thr、Val、Ser、Phe、His、Glu、Pro、Ile、Asp、Trp、Ala、Lys,不同氨基酸分子的浓度分别为1 mM;
图9 430 nm处与495 nm处发光强度比率随时间变化。
具体实施方式
实施例
一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛的合成路线:
。
1)化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛的合成
将对甲基苯酚(10 mmol)和六次甲基四胺(20 mmol)溶解在TFA(15 mL)溶液中,氩气保护下,110℃回流反应24小时。反应液冷却至室温,加入盐酸(4 M,66 mL),室温搅拌10 分钟,用二氯甲烷和饱和食盐水萃取,并用饱和食盐水洗三次,有机层减压旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱色谱(洗脱液为二氯甲烷),提纯得到白色絮状固体,真空干燥得化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛(产率46%)。
表征如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, TMS): δH 11.480 (s, 1H), 10.238(s, 2H), 7.792 (d, 2H), 2.409 (s, 1H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6): δC 192.10,161.78, 138.04, 129.54, 122.89, 20.11。
2)比率检测锌离子的荧光纳米探针的制备:
取邻苯二胺(1 mmol),化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛(0.8 mmol),向其中加入10 mL乙醇,搅拌使其混合均匀,将溶液转移于水热釜中,于烘箱中180 ℃反应8小时,冷却至室温,得到浅棕色溶液,用去离子水沉淀三次,离心,得到的黄色固体在真空干燥箱中干燥24小时得到比率荧光锌离子的碳点探针。
本实施例中制备的碳纳米材料作为荧光探针的应用
化学合成法得到的碳点纳米探针由溶剂热法制备,如图1所示碳点在水-乙醇溶液(水与乙醇体积比150:1)加入不同浓度的锌离子的发光光谱可以看出,495 nm处的发射峰不断下降,430 nm处的发射峰上升;图2 碳点探针随锌离子浓度(0.25 mM→0.6 mM)和430 nm处与495 nm处发光强度比率存在线性关系,可以通过发光强度的比率大小得到锌离子浓度的数值;图3 碳点探针识别锌离子后发光颜色从绿色变为蓝色;图4中碳点探针不同pH值下加入锌离子前后430 nm处与495 nm处发光强度比率变化,说明在生物环境下的pH范围内该碳点探针可以检测锌离子;图5碳点探针识别锌离子对不同金属离子的选择性和抗干扰性实验及图6的照片表明碳点探针在不同的金属离子中对锌离子识别具有较好的选择性和抗干扰性;如图7和图8分别表明阴离子和氨基酸分子对碳点探针识别锌离子没有影响;图9说明430 nm处与495 nm处发光强度比率不随时间变化。
综上所述,本申请涉及一种新型以比率发光的方式检测锌离子的发光碳点纳米材料,以比率发光的方式检测锌离子,可以同时检测两个不同波长处的荧光强度,建立内部标度,可以克服单一荧光探针由于如仪器效率、检测环境、探针浓度等因素影响检测信号的问题,并且作为新型的用于检测锌离子的碳点传感器,具有稳定性好、抗干扰性好等优点,适用于溶液中锌离子的比率荧光检测。
Claims (4)
1.一种比率发光碳点探针的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛的合成
先将对甲基苯酚和六次甲基四胺溶解于15 mL三氟乙酸溶液中,在氩气保护下,110℃回流反应24 小时,将反应液冷却至室温,加入66 mL盐酸,室温搅拌10 分钟后,用二氯甲烷和饱和食盐水萃取,并用饱和食盐水洗三次,将有机层减压旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱色谱提纯得白色絮状固体,真空干燥得化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛;
2)碳点探针的合成
取邻苯二胺和化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛,再向其中加入10 mL乙醇,搅拌使其混合均匀,将溶液转移于水热釜中,于180 ℃烘箱中反应8小时,再冷却至室温,得到浅棕色溶液,用去离子水沉淀三次,离心,将得到的黄色固体在真空干燥箱中干燥24小时得到碳点探针。
2.如权利要求1所述的比率发光碳点探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中对甲基苯酚与六次甲基四胺的物质的量比值为1:2,柱色谱中洗脱液为二氯甲烷。
3.如权利要求2所述的比率发光碳点探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中邻苯二胺与化合物2-羟基-5-甲基-1,3-苯二甲醛的物质的量比值为5:4。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的比率发光碳点探针的应用,其特征在于:该比率发光碳点探针可以作为传感器用于溶液中锌离子的比率荧光检测,可以同时检测两个不同波长处的荧光强度,建立内部标度。
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CN113563878A (zh) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-29 | 曲阜师范大学 | 具有大Stokes位移的多发射碳点荧光探针及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN107337654A (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-10 | 济南大学 | 一种分析汞离子的荧光探针、制备方法及应用 |
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CN113563878A (zh) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-29 | 曲阜师范大学 | 具有大Stokes位移的多发射碳点荧光探针及其制备方法和应用 |
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