CN108727541B - Preparation method of cellulose-based shape memory material - Google Patents

Preparation method of cellulose-based shape memory material Download PDF

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CN108727541B
CN108727541B CN201710290447.0A CN201710290447A CN108727541B CN 108727541 B CN108727541 B CN 108727541B CN 201710290447 A CN201710290447 A CN 201710290447A CN 108727541 B CN108727541 B CN 108727541B
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cellulose
shape memory
memory material
monomer
methacrylate
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CN108727541A (en
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王基夫
卢传巍
王春鹏
储富祥
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Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products of CAF
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F285/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to preformed graft polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F251/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C08F251/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a cellulose-based shape memory material, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: reacting cellulose, methacrylic anhydride and a catalyst at 30-80 ℃ for 1-10 h to prepare a cellulose-based macromonomer; the second step is that: mixing a macromonomer, a monomer A, a monomer B and an initiator according to a certain mass ratio, fully dissolving, then carrying out vacuum degassing, and then reacting at 50-120 ℃ for 1-5 h to prepare the cellulose-based shape memory material. The shape memory material prepared by the method has the advantages of simple operation, rapidness, high efficiency, no chemical solvent, environmental protection and the like.

Description

Preparation method of cellulose-based shape memory material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a cellulose-based shape memory material.
Background
With the increasing consumption of fossil raw materials, the use of renewable resources to prepare high molecular polymers has received great attention. Cellulose is the biomass resource with the largest yield in the world, and has been widely applied to synthetic plastics, coatings, rubber substitutes, printing ink, insulating materials, and can also be used as an adhesive, a textile finishing agent and the like.
The shape memory polymer material is a polymer material which can restore the initial shape thereof through the stimulation of external conditions (such as heat, light, electricity, chemical induction) and the like after the initial shape of the polymer material is changed and fixed under certain conditions. At present, the shape memory polymer material as a novel intelligent material is widely applied to the fields of buildings, aerospace, medicine, health and the like. In order to expand the raw material sources for preparing the shape memory material and reduce the preparation cost thereof, the preparation of the shape memory material by using natural renewable resources has become a hot point of research in recent years. In recent years, many scientists have successfully prepared the biomass-based shape memory material, but the preparation process is complicated, the conditions are strict, and the biomass-based shape memory material is not widely applied. In order to further expand the application range of the biomass-based shape memory material and simplify the preparation process of the biomass-based shape memory material, a polymer material with excellent shape memory performance is prepared by a one-step method at a lower temperature by adopting a solvent-free system, and the focus of attention of people is focused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a cellulose-based shape memory material, which has the characteristics of high speed and high efficiency, and the reaction is carried out in a solvent-free system, so that the reaction process is more environment-friendly, the additional value of cellulose is improved, and the application range of the cellulose is expanded.
The technical scheme is as follows: the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a cellulose-based shape memory material having the structure:
Figure BSA0000143909180000011
in the chemical crosslinking network structure, a cellulose macromonomer is used as a crosslinking agent, and R1 and R2 are structural units of monomers;
the cellulose-based shape memory material is prepared by the following specific steps: the first step is as follows: dissolving cellulose, methacrylic anhydride and a catalyst in a good solvent system according to a certain molar ratio, and reacting at 30-80 ℃ for 1-10 h to prepare a cellulose macromonomer; the second step is that: mixing a cellulose macromonomer, a monomer A, a monomer B and an initiator according to a certain mass ratio, fully dissolving, then carrying out vacuum degassing, and then reacting at 50-120 ℃ for 1-5 hours to prepare the cellulose-based shape memory material.
The cellulose is any one of methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, microcrystalline cellulose, and the like. .
The catalyst in the first step is any one of triethylamine, sodium bicarbonate and 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP).
In the first step, the molar ratio of the reactants is (1)/(0.1-3)/(catalyst).
The good solvent in the first step is any one of tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl carbonate and dimethylacetamide.
In the second step, the monomer A, B is a combination of any two of Lauryl Methacrylate (LMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), octadecyl methacrylate (SMA), Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), Butyl Acrylate (BA), butyl Methacrylate (MBA), furfuryl alcohol methacrylate, styrene, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate.
In the second step, the initiator is any one of dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) and Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN).
In the second step, the mass ratio of the reactants [ cellulose-based macromonomer ]/[ monomer A ]/[ monomer B ]/[ initiator ]/[ 0.1-10 wt% ], 1-90 wt%, (1-90 wt% >), and (0.05-2 wt% >.
Has the advantages that:
1. the preparation method of the cellulose-based shape memory material has the characteristics of rapidness and high efficiency, and the reaction is carried out in a solvent-free system, so that the polymerization process is more environment-friendly, the added value of cellulose is improved, and the application range of the cellulose is expanded.
2. The cellulose-based shape memory material can be used as a novel biomass-based shape memory polymer, has excellent shape fixing rate and shape recovery rate, and can be effectively regulated and controlled by regulating the type and proportion of monomers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of an ethylcellulose macromer, a shape memory material, in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a stress-strain curve of a uniaxial tensile test of the cellulose-based shape memory material of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a process of recovering the curved shape memory of the cellulose-based shape memory material of example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, which, however, do not limit the scope of the present invention, since the method of preparing the cellulose-based shape memory material has a great influence.
Example 1: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material from ethyl cellulose
Step 1: adding 1g (4.57mmol) of ethyl cellulose and 0.462g (4.57mmol) of triethylamine into a flask, dissolving with tetrahydrofuran, dropwise adding 0.68g (4.57mmol) of methacrylic anhydride, and reacting at 50 ℃ for 3h to obtain an ethyl cellulose macromonomer;
step 2: adding 0.2g of cellulose macromonomer, 5.82g of butyl acrylate, 3.88g of methyl methacrylate and 0.1g of initiator AIBN into a round-bottom flask, mixing, fully dissolving, then vacuum degassing, and then reacting for 3h at 80 ℃ to prepare the ethylcellulose-based shape memory material.
Example 2: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material from ethyl cellulose
Step 1: adding 1g (4.57mmol) of ethyl cellulose and 0.557g (4.57mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving the mixture with tetrahydrofuran, dropwise adding 0.34g (2.285mmol) of methacrylic anhydride, and reacting at 50 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain an ethyl cellulose macromonomer;
step 2: adding 0.3g of cellulose macromonomer, 6.685g of butyl acrylate, 2.865g of methyl methacrylate and 0.15g of initiator BPO into a round-bottom flask, mixing, fully dissolving, vacuum degassing, and reacting at 70 ℃ for 4h to prepare the ethyl cellulose-based shape memory material.
Example 3: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material from ethyl cellulose
Step 1: adding 1g (4.57mmol) of ethyl cellulose and 1.114g (9.14mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving the mixture with N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 0.68g (4.57mmol) of methacrylic anhydride, and reacting at 60 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain an ethyl cellulose macromonomer;
step 2: adding 0.3g of cellulose macromonomer, 6.685g of lauryl methacrylate, 2.865g of tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and 0.1g of initiator AIBN into a round-bottom flask, mixing, fully dissolving, vacuum degassing, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 3h to prepare the ethylcellulose-based shape memory material.
Example 4: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material from ethyl cellulose
Step 1 as in example 1;
step 2: adding 0.3g of cellulose macromonomer, 4.8g of monomer butyl acrylate, 4.8g of styrene and 0.1g of initiator AIBNP into a round-bottom flask, mixing, fully dissolving, vacuum degassing, and reacting at 60 ℃ for 5 hours to prepare the ethylcellulose-based shape memory material.
Example 5: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material from hydroxyethyl cellulose
Step 1: adding 1g (3.85mmol) of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 0.469g (3.85mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving the materials with N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 0.57g (3.85mmol) of methacrylic anhydride, and reacting at 60 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a hydroxyethyl cellulose macromonomer;
step 2 was as in example 1.
Example 6: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material from hydroxyethyl cellulose
Step 1: adding 1g (3.85mmol) of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 0.469g (3.85mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving the materials with N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 0.456g (3.08mmol) of methacrylic anhydride, and reacting at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a hydroxyethyl cellulose macromonomer;
step 2: adding 0.3g of cellulose macromonomer, 6.685g of lauryl methacrylate, 2.865g of tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and 0.1g of initiator AIBN into a round-bottom flask, mixing, fully dissolving, vacuum degassing, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 3h to prepare the hydroxyethyl cellulose-based shape memory material.
Example 7: preparation of cellulose-based shape memory material using hydroxypropyl cellulose
Step 1: adding 1g (5.62mmol) of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 0.685g (5.62mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving the mixture with N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 0.665g (5.62mmol) of methacrylic anhydride, and reacting at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a hydroxypropyl cellulose macromonomer;
step 2: adding 0.3g of hydroxypropyl cellulose macromonomer, 5.76g of lauryl methacrylate, 3.84g of tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and 0.1g of initiator AIBN into a round-bottom flask, mixing, fully dissolving, vacuum degassing, and reacting at 100 ℃ for 3.5h to prepare the hydroxypropyl cellulose-based shape memory material. (ii) a
Spectrogram analysis
FIG. 1 is an IR spectrum of an ethylcellulose macromer, a shape memory material, in example 1: 1730cm in the figure-1The ester bond absorption peak shows the successful synthesis of the ethyl cellulose macromonomer, and 1730cm in an infrared spectrogram of a product after polymerization reaction-1The absorption peak of ester bond belonging to the monomer repeating unit is obviously enhanced, and the successful preparation of the cellulose-based shape memory material can be concluded.
FIG. 2 is a stress-strain curve of a uniaxial tensile test of the cellulose-based shape memory material of example 1: it can be seen from the figure that the shape memory material has good elastomeric properties and can be used as a new generation of elastomeric material.
FIG. 3 is a process for recovering the bent shape memory of the cellulose-based shape memory material of example 1, and it can be seen from the graph that the sample is bent by heating to 110 ℃ and then cooled to 0 ℃ to fix the temporary form, and then reheated to 110 ℃ and the sample is completely recovered to the original form within 80s, indicating that the sample has very excellent shape memory properties.

Claims (1)

1. A preparation method of a cellulose-based shape memory material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Figure FSB0000191567510000011
in the chemically cross-linked network structure, C.ident.N is a terminal structural formula of an initiator (azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)), a cellulose macromonomer is used as a cross-linking agent, R1 and R2 are structural units of monomers, and R is a characteristic functional group of the cellulose in the first step, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: dissolving cellulose, methacrylic anhydride and a catalyst in a good solvent system according to a certain molar ratio, and reacting at 30-80 ℃ for 1-10 h to prepare a cellulose macromonomer; the cellulose is any one of methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cellulose acetate and microcrystalline cellulose; the catalyst is any one of triethylamine, sodium bicarbonate and 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP); the molar ratio of [ cellulose ]/[ methacrylic anhydride ]/[ catalyst ] is1: 0.1 to 3; the good solvent is any one of tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl carbonate and dimethylacetamide;
the second step is that: mixing cellulose macromonomer, a monomer A, a monomer B and an initiator according to a certain mass ratio, pouring the mixed solution into a mold after full dissolution, carrying out vacuum degassing, then reacting at 50-120 ℃ for 1-5 h to prepare a cellulose-based shape memory material, and finally taking out a shape memory material sample strip from the mold to directly carry out related tests on mechanical properties and shape memory properties; the monomer A and the monomer B are the combination of any two monomers of Lauryl Methacrylate (LMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), octadecyl methacrylate (SMA), Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), Butyl Acrylate (BA), butyl Methacrylate (MBA), furfuryl methacrylate, styrene, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate; the initiator is Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN); the mass ratio of [ cellulose-based macromonomer ]/[ monomer A ]/[ monomer B ]/[ initiator ]/[ 0.1 to 10 wt%, (1 to 90 wt%), (0.05 to 2 wt%).
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