CN107973882B - Method for preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer by using metal-free photoinitiated ATRP - Google Patents
Method for preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer by using metal-free photoinitiated ATRP Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010560 atom transfer radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 101710141544 Allatotropin-related peptide Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QXBUYALKJGBACG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-methylphenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 QXBUYALKJGBACG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CCCO1 LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GVTGSIMRZRYNEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,10-dimethylphenazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C)C3=CC=CC=C3N(C)C2=C1 GVTGSIMRZRYNEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XABNHQJAAXYGOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-(4-methoxyphenyl)phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 XABNHQJAAXYGOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MTKNVQSVAVIISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-naphthalen-1-ylphenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N3C4=CC=CC=C4SC4=CC=CC=C43)=CC=CC2=C1 MTKNVQSVAVIISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WSEFYHOJDVVORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-phenylphenothiazine Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 WSEFYHOJDVVORU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OGVXYCDTRMDYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl 2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCC OGVXYCDTRMDYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DWXAVNJYFLGAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2-ylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CO1 DWXAVNJYFLGAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WAKFRZBXTKUFIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Br)C1=CC=CC=C1 WAKFRZBXTKUFIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 coatings Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009988 textile finishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C08F251/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing an ethyl cellulose graft copolymer based on metal-free photoinitiated ATRP, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: reacting a small-molecular photoinitiator and oxalyl chloride at 0-25 ℃ for 1-5 h to prepare an acylchlorination photoinitiator; the second step is that: reacting ethyl cellulose with an acylchlorinated photoinitiator to prepare an ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator; the third step: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, an ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator, a catalyst and a monomer are reacted for 1-10 hours in a good solvent under an ultraviolet lamp at the temperature of 10-60 ℃, a polymer is precipitated in methanol, and a product is obtained by filtering and drying. The method can avoid the toxic effect of the common ATRP method using copper and other metal catalysis, and has the advantages of environmental protection, convenient operation, high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing an ethyl cellulose graft copolymer by using a metal-free photoinitiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) method.
Background
With the increasing consumption of fossil raw materials, the use of renewable resources to prepare high molecular polymers has received great attention. Cellulose is the biomass resource with the largest yield in the world, and ethyl cellulose is a commercialized cellulose ether derivative, can be dissolved in various organic solvents, is often used for synthesizing plastics, coatings, rubber substitutes, printing ink and insulating materials, and can also be used as an adhesive, a textile finishing agent and the like.
Thermoplastic elastomer is a material having both thermoplastic and elastic properties, and is widely used in fields such as medical instruments, automobile industry, clothing manufacturing, and the like. The thermoplastic elastomer of graft type structure is a new generation of thermoplastic elastomer material. In order to increase the added value of ethylcellulose, the method of graft modification is often adopted for preparing thermoplastic elastomer materials based on ethylcellulose. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most commonly used methods for graft modification. The traditional ATRP method needs to be carried out under the anaerobic condition, and the reaction condition is harsh; meanwhile, copper is needed as a catalyst, and the catalyst is difficult to remove cleanly after the reaction is finished, so that the application range of the polymer material is limited. In recent years, the concept of metal-free photoinitiated ATRP has been proposed, which uses ultraviolet light to catalyze the exchange between active species and dormant species for the purpose of controlled polymerization. The metal-free photoinitiated ATRP method is used for preparing the ethyl cellulose graft copolymer, so that the toxic effect of a copper catalyst in a product is avoided, the application range of the graft copolymer is widened, the cost is low, the operation is simple, the environment is protected, the method is more in line with the requirements of modern green chemistry, and due to the advantages, the metal-free photoinitiated ATRP method is receiving more and more attention of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a graft copolymer of ethyl cellulose by a metal-free photoinitiated ATRP method, thereby avoiding the defect that the traditional ATRP is difficult to remove by using a metal catalyst, ensuring that the polymerization process is more environment-friendly, improving the additional value of the ethyl cellulose and expanding the application range of the ethyl cellulose.
The technical scheme is as follows: the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an ethyl cellulose graft copolymer prepared based on metal-free photoinitiated ATRP has the following structure:
the main chain is ethyl cellulose, the side chain is a copolymer with a random or block structure, wherein R2 is a structural unit of a monomer, and n and m are the polymerization degrees of the monomer of the chain segment of the side chain copolymer;
the preparation method of the ethyl cellulose graft copolymer based on the metal-free photoinitiated ATRP comprises the steps of firstly, reacting a micromolecule photoinitiator α -bromobenzeneacetic acid and oxalyl chloride in a dichloromethane solvent according to a certain molar ratio of [ photoinitiator ]/[ oxalyl chloride ] (1): (0.5-2) at 0-25 ℃ for 1-5 h to prepare an acylchlorinated photoinitiator, secondly, reacting ethyl cellulose with an acid binding agent and the acylchlorinated photoinitiator in a good solution system at room temperature for 10-24 h to prepare an ethyl cellulose macromolecule photoinitiator, and thirdly, reacting the ethyl cellulose macromolecule photoinitiator, the catalyst, the monomer 1 and the monomer 2 according to a molar ratio of [ ethyl cellulose macromolecule photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (0.1-1) in a good solvent system by using a metal-free photoinitiated ATRP, reacting the ethyl cellulose macromolecule photoinitiator, the catalyst ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2] (0.1-2000)/[ catalyst ] (0.1-1), and filtering the ethyl cellulose graft copolymer to obtain a methanol graft copolymer.
The viscosity of the ethyl cellulose is any one of 3-7, 18-22, 45-55, 90-110, 180-220 and 270-330 mPa.s.
The acid-binding agent used in the second step is any one of triethylamine and 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP).
The good solvent in the second step and the third step is any one of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide.
The structure of the ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator prepared in the second step is as follows:
In the third step, the catalyst is any one of 10-methylphenothiazine, 5, 10-dihydro-5, 10-dimethylphenazine, 1, 10-phenanthroline, 10-phenylphenothiazine, 10- (4-methoxyphenyl) -phenothiazine and 10- (1-naphthyl) -phenothiazine.
In the third step, the monomer is the combination of any two of Lauryl Methacrylate (LMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), octadecyl methacrylate (SMA), Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), Butyl Acrylate (BA), butyl Methacrylate (MBA), furfuryl methacrylate, dibutyl itaconate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate.
And thirdly, the light intensity of the ultraviolet lamp is between 0.01 and 0.5 mW/cm.
Has the advantages that:
1. the method for preparing the graft copolymer of the ethyl cellulose by the metal-free photoinitiated ATRP method avoids the defect that the traditional ATRP is difficult to remove by using a metal catalyst, and has the characteristics of environmental protection and sustainability, thereby widening the application range of the graft copolymer.
2. The grafted copolymer of ethyl cellulose prepared by the metal-free photoinitiated ATRP method can be used as a novel thermoplastic elastomer, and the structure and the performance of the grafted copolymer can be effectively regulated and controlled by regulating the type and the proportion of monomers, so that the additional value of the ethyl cellulose is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a UV spectrum of ethylcellulose, α -bromobenzoic acid and ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator in example 1.
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of an ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a GPC chart of ethylcellulose macroinitiator and ethylcellulose graft copolymer in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a graft copolymer of ethyl cellulose obtained in example 11HNMR map.
FIG. 5 is a stress-strain curve of a uniaxial tensile test of the ethylcellulose graft copolymer in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, which, however, do not limit the scope of the invention, since the method for preparing graft copolymers of ethylcellulose on the basis of the metal-free photoinitiated ATRP process has a great influence.
Example 1: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer from ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s, [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 0.1
Step 1, adding α -bromobenzoic acid 1g (4.65mmol) into a round-bottom flask, adding dichloromethane for dissolution, dropwise adding oxalyl chloride 0.71g (5.58mmol) for reaction at 5 ℃ for 3h to prepare the acylchlorination photoinitiator, wherein the content of acyl chloride is 2.86 mmol/g;
step 2: adding 0.30g (hydroxyl content is about 1.37mmol) of ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s and 0.50g (4.10mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving with tetrahydrofuran, adding 1.43g (4.10mmol) of acylchlorinated photoinitiator, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, dropping the reaction liquid into distilled water, filtering and drying to prepare the ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator, wherein the content of an initiation point is 0.8 mmol/g;
and step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.08mmol/g), 6.52ml (40mmol) of monomer 1THFMA, 11.67ml (40mmol) of monomer 2LMA and 0.0017g (0.008mmol) of catalyst 10-methylphenothiazine are dissolved in a tetrahydrofuran system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the reaction is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.05mW/cm for 5h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 54000 g/mol.
Example 2: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer by ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 270-330 mPa.s and [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 300: 0.5
Step 1 as in example 1;
step 2: 0.30g (hydroxyl content is about 1.37mmol) of ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 270-330 mPa.s and 0.50g (4.10mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine are added into a flask and dissolved by tetrahydrofuran, 1.43g of acylchlorinated photoinitiator (4.10mmol) is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, the reaction solution is dripped into distilled water, and the ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator is prepared by filtering and drying, wherein the content of initiation points is 0.6mmol/g
And step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.06mmol/g), 4.89ml (30mmol) of monomer 1THFMA4, 5.25ml (18mmol) of monomer 2LMA and 0.0064g (0.03mmol) of catalyst 10-methylphenothiazine are dissolved in a tetrahydrofuran system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the reaction is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.05mW/cm for 5h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 50000 g/mol.
Example 3: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer from ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s, [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 0.1
Step 1, adding α -bromobenzoic acid 1g (4.65mmol) into a round-bottom flask, adding dichloromethane for dissolution, dropwise adding oxalyl chloride 0.59g (4.65mmol) for reaction at 5 ℃ for 5h to prepare the photoinitiator of acyl chloride, wherein the content of acyl chloride is 2.38 mmol/g;
step 2: adding 0.30g (hydroxyl content is about 1.37mmol) of ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s and 0.50g (4.10mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine into a flask, dissolving with tetrahydrofuran, adding 1.72g (4.10mmol) of acylchlorinated photoinitiator, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, dropping the reaction solution into distilled water, filtering and drying to prepare the ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator, wherein the content of an initiation point is 0.7 mmol/g; (ii) a
And step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.07mmol/g), 5.70ml (35mmol) of monomer 1THFMA, 10.21ml (35mmol) of monomer 2LMA and 0.0015g (0.007mmol) of catalyst 10-methylphenothiazine are dissolved in a tetrahydrofuran system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the reaction is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.05mW/cm for 6h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 56000 g/mol.
Example 4: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer from ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s, [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 0.1
Step 1 as in example 1;
step 2: adding 0.30g (hydroxyl content is about 1.37mmol) of ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s and 0.41g (4.10mmol) of triethylamine into a flask, dissolving with tetrahydrofuran, adding 1.43g (4.10mmol) of acylchlorinated photoinitiator, stirring at room temperature for 24h, dropping the reaction solution into distilled water, filtering and drying to prepare the ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator, wherein the content of an initiation point is 0.8 mmol/g;
step 3 was as in example 1.
Example 5: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer from ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s, [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 0.3
Step 1 as in example 1;
and step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiated ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.08mmol/g), 6.52ml (40mmol) of monomer 1THFMA6, 11.67ml (40mmol) of monomer 2LMA, 0.0050g (0.024mmol) of catalyst 5, 10-dihydro-5, 10-dimethylphenazine is dissolved in an N, N-dimethylformamide system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the reaction is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃, the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.05mW/cm for 3h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 47000 g/mol.
Example 6: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer from ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s, [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 700: 0.1
Step 1 as in example 1;
and step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.08mmol/g), 4.24ml (40mmol) of monomer 1MMA, 8.06ml (56mmol) of monomer 2BA and 0.0017g (0.008mmol) of catalyst 10-methylphenothiazine are dissolved in an N, N-dimethylformamide system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the temperature is 25 ℃, the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.05mW/cm, the reaction is carried out for 3h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 45000 g/mol.
Example 7: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer by ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s and [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 0.5
Step 1 as in example 1;
and step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.08mmol/g), 4.24ml (40mmol) of monomer 1MMA, 5.75ml (40mmol) of monomer 2BA and 0.0085g (0.04mmol) of catalyst 10-methylphenothiazine are dissolved in a tetrahydrofuran system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the reaction is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.05mW/cm for 5h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, wherein the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 50000 g/mol.
Example 8: preparing ethyl cellulose graft copolymer from ethyl cellulose with viscosity of 45-55 mPa.s, [ ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ] (molar ratio) is 1: 500: 0.1
Step 1 as in example 1;
and step 3: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, 0.1g (the initiation point content is 0.08mmol/g), 4.24ml (40mmol) of monomer 1MMA, 5.75ml (40mmol) of monomer 2BA and 0.0085g (0.04mmol) of catalyst 10-methylphenothiazine are dissolved in a tetrahydrofuran system, nitrogen is introduced for 20min, the reaction is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the light intensity of an ultraviolet lamp is 0.2mW/cm for 5h, a product is precipitated in methanol, and then the product is filtered and dried to obtain a cellulose graft copolymer, wherein the molecular weight of the product is Mn: 62000 g/mol.
Spectrogram analysis
FIG. 1 is an ultraviolet spectrogram of ethylcellulose, α -bromophenylacetic acid and an ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator in example 1, wherein the ultraviolet spectrogram of the ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator is obvious to have an obvious characteristic peak of a benzene ring on α -bromophenylacetic acid after esterification reaction, which indicates that the ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator is successfully prepared.
FIG. 2 is an IR spectrum of an ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator in example 1: 1740cm in the figure-1The absorption peak of ester bond also shows that α -bromobenzoic acid is successfully introduced into the skeleton of the ethyl cellulose, and the ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator is successfully prepared.
FIG. 3 is a GPC chart of the ethylcellulose macrophotoinitiator and the ethylcellulose graft copolymer in example 1: it can be obviously seen that the molecular weight of the ethylcellulose macromolecular photoinitiator is obviously increased after the metal-free photoinitiation ATRP polymerization reaction, which is mainly shown in that the outflow volume of a GPC curve is smaller and smaller, and the successful synthesis of the ethylcellulose graft copolymer is also shown.
FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a graft copolymer of ethyl cellulose obtained in example 11H NMR chart: after the ATRP polymerization reaction is initiated by the metal-free light, a characteristic proton peak corresponding to a benzene ring in the initiator appears at a chemical shift of 7.0-7.5ppm, which indicates the successful synthesis of the ethyl cellulose graft copolymer.
FIG. 5 is a stress-strain curve of a uniaxial tensile test of the ethylcellulose graft copolymer in example 1: as can be seen from the figure, the ethyl cellulose grafted copolymer has typical elastomer properties and can be used as a new generation of thermoplastic elastomer material.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing an ethyl cellulose graft copolymer based on metal-free photoinitiated ATRP has the following structure:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, reacting a micromolecular photoinitiator α -bromobenzene acetic acid and oxalyl chloride in a dichloromethane solvent according to a certain molar ratio at 0-25 ℃ for 1-5 h to prepare an acylchlorination photoinitiator, wherein the molar ratio of reactants is [ photoinitiator ]/[ oxalyl chloride ] < 1: 0.5-2;
the second step is that: reacting ethyl cellulose with an acid-binding agent and an acyl chloride photoinitiator in a good solvent system at room temperature for 10-24 h to prepare an ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator; the viscosity of the ethyl cellulose is any one of 3-7, 18-22, 45-55, 90-110, 180-220 and 270-330 mPa.s; the good solvent is any one of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; the acid-binding agent is any one of triethylamine and 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP); the structure of the prepared ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator is as follows:
the initiator is photosensitive and can initiate monomer polymerization under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp;
the third step: by adopting a metal-free photoinitiation ATRP method, an ethyl cellulose macromolecular photoinitiator, a catalyst, a monomer 1 and a monomer 2 are reacted for 1-10 hours in a good solvent according to a certain molar ratio at the temperature of 10-60 ℃ and under the ultraviolet light intensity of 0.01-0.5 mW/cm, a polymer is precipitated in methanol, and the polymer is filtered and dried to obtain an ethyl cellulose graft copolymer; the good solvent is any one of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; the monomer 1 and the monomer 2 are the combination of any two monomers of Lauryl Methacrylate (LMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), octadecyl methacrylate (SMA), Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), Butyl Acrylate (BA), butyl Methacrylate (MBA), furfuryl methacrylate, dibutyl itaconate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate; the catalyst is any one of 10-methylphenothiazine, 5, 10-dihydro-5, 10-dimethylphenazine, 1, 10-phenanthroline, 10-phenylphenothiazine, 10- (4-methoxyphenyl) -phenothiazine and 10- (1-naphthyl) -phenothiazine; the molar ratio of the reactants [ ethyl cellulose macro-molecular photoinitiator ]/[ monomer 1]/[ monomer 2]/[ catalyst ]/[ 1: (2-2000): (0.1-1).
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| CN103724555A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-16 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Preparation method for thermoplastic elastomer |
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