Device for purifying black and odorous water body of river channel
Technical Field
The invention relates to environment-friendly equipment for sewage treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly device for efficiently treating black and odorous water body by integrating a bioreactor and precipitation.
Background
The urban river is used as an important component of the urban ecological system, has the functions of supplying water sources, providing green lands, improving the environment, transporting, cultural education, travelling and entertainment and the like, and has important significance for ecological construction of cities.
At present, the national water pollution phenomenon is serious, and the water quality of the water body is worsened. There are 1200 or more rivers monitored nationwide, 850 of which are contaminated to varying degrees, and there is a tendency to become increasingly severe. In the seven-big water system, the river reach unsuitable for drinking water source reaches 40%, the pollution of the urban river reach with developed industry is prominent, and 78% of the river reach is unsuitable for drinking water source. The pollution index of the river channel is that organic matters such as ammonia nitrogen, five-day biochemical oxygen demand and the like exceed the self-cleaning capacity of the river channel.
When a large amount of organic pollutants exist in the water body, the pollutants are decomposed under the action of microorganisms, when the dissolved oxygen in the water body is less than 0.2mg/L, the water body is converted into an anaerobic environment, and the water body can only slowly perform a reaction for degrading the pollutants in an anaerobic fermentation mode, so that a large amount of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas are generated, and black sludge is generated.
In the prior art, the ecological restoration of the water body mainly adopts in-situ restoration and ex-situ restoration technologies. Long in-situ repair time and slow effect; although the ectopic repair technology can achieve better effect, the investment is large and the occupied area is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for purifying black and odorous water bodies in river channels, which aims to overcome the defects of large investment and large occupied area in the existing ectopic repair technology. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device for purifying river course black and odorous water body, includes a cavity the interior vertical direction of cavity can fluid conduction intake zone, biological reaction zone, sedimentation zone, play water zone, intake zone bottom is provided with the mud bucket, mud bucket bottom is connected with the mud pipe, biological reaction zone is filled with filler and microorganism bacterial.
Preferably, the filler is polyurethane, and the specific surface area of the polyurethane is 3.5X10 5 m 2 /m 3 。
Preferably, the filling rate of the filler is 10% -30%.
Preferably, the microbial species is bacillus and/or yeast and/or enzyme.
Preferably, a water inlet module is arranged in the center of the water inlet area, the water inlet module comprises a water inlet pipe and a central cylinder connected with the water inlet pipe, and the central cylinder is cylindrical and is opened towards the mud bucket.
Preferably, the water inlet module further comprises a flow guide baffle plate, and the flow guide baffle plate is arranged between the central cylinder and the mud bucket.
Preferably, the guide baffle is conical, and the bottom surface faces one side of the mud bucket.
Preferably, an aeration module is arranged at the top of the water inlet area, the aeration module comprises an aeration disc and aeration openings uniformly distributed on the aeration disc, and the aeration openings aerate towards the direction of the biological reaction area.
Preferably, the aeration amount is controlled at a gas-water ratio A epsilon [3:1,10: 1.
Preferably, the sedimentation zone is an inclined plate sedimentation zone, and an inclined pipe or an inclined plate made of pp material is adopted.
Preferably, the water inlet area, the biological reaction area, the sedimentation area and the water outlet area are isolated by a partition board, and the partition board is provided with air guide holes.
Optionally, the water inlet area, the biological reaction area, the sedimentation area and the water outlet area are isolated by a separation net.
Preferably, the sludge discharge pipe orifice is provided with a valve switch.
Preferably, the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet weir, and a water outlet is arranged in the water outlet weir.
Preferably, the water inlet area and the biological reaction area are provided with manholes.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects or advantages:
1. by adopting the biological reaction zone, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, low carbon compounds and macromolecular organic matters can be efficiently degraded, the investment is small, and the occupied area is small.
2. By filling the high molecular filler, the attachment quantity of microorganism strains can be improved, and the degradation efficiency is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device for purifying black and odorous water body in a river channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device for purifying black and odorous water body in river channel along the line A-A;
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following description will explain the above technical solutions in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for purifying black and odorous water in a river channel comprises a cavity 1, a water inlet area 2, a biological reaction area 3, a sedimentation area 4 and a water outlet area 5 which can be in fluid communication in the vertical direction in the cavity 1, wherein the water inlet area 2, the biological reaction area 3, the sedimentation area 4 and the water outlet area 5 are respectively isolated by a first partition board 17, a second partition board 18 and a third partition board 19, the first partition board 17, the second partition board 18 and the third partition board 19 are provided with air guide holes, and the partition boards can be replaced by partition nets.
The bottom of the water inlet area 2 is provided with a mud bucket 6, the bottom of the mud bucket 6 is connected with a mud pipe 7, and a valve switch (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the mud pipe 7. The center of the water inlet area 2 is provided with a water inlet module 10, the water inlet module 10 comprises a water inlet pipe 11 and a central cylinder 12 connected with the water inlet pipe 11, and the central cylinder 12 is cylindrical and is opened towards the mud bucket 6. The water inlet module 10 further comprises a guide baffle 13, the guide baffle 13 is arranged between the central cylinder 12 and the mud bucket 6, is conical, and the bottom surface faces one side of the mud bucket 6. The central cylinder 12 is matched with the guide plate 13 to uniformly distribute the sewage flowing into the water inlet area 2. The top of the water inlet zone 2 is provided with an aeration module 14, the aeration module 14 comprises an aeration disc 15 and aeration openings 16 uniformly distributed on the aeration disc 15, and the aeration openings 16 aerate towards the direction of the biological reaction zone 3.
The biological reaction zone 3 is filled with a filler 8 and microorganism strains (not shown in the figure), wherein the filler 8 is polyurethaneThe specific surface area of the polyurethane is 3.5X10 5 m 2 /m 3 The polyurethane with the specific surface area can improve the adhesion rate of microorganisms. The filling rate of the filler 8 is 10% -30%, so that the filler 8 in the device is in a flowing state, and sewage and microorganisms on the filler 8 can realize various contact modes such as cross flow, forward flow and the like, so that pollutants in the sewage are fully contacted with the microorganisms. The aeration rate is controlled to be between 3: 1-10: 1, a sample-well, anoxic and anaerobic three-phase purifying system can be formed in the filling material 8. Experiments prove that if the gas-water ratio is too small, the equipment is easy to be anaerobically, and meanwhile, the filler 8 is not easy to form a flowing state; the air-water ratio is too high, the microorganism aggregate formed by the filler 8 and microorganism strains is easy to be dispersed, the impact resistance of the system is weakened, and meanwhile, the aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic three-phase purification system is not beneficial to being formed in the filler 8. The microorganism strain is bacillus and/or saccharomycete and/or enzyme. After the strain is adopted, the water outlet effect of the device can be achieved: transparency of the film>25cm, ammonia nitrogen not more than 8mg/L (when the ammonia nitrogen in the water is more than 30mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen removal of the water is 70%), the dissolved oxygen not less than 2.0mg/L and the oxidation-reduction potential>50mV。
The sedimentation zone 4 is an inclined plate sedimentation zone, and adopts an inclined pipe or an inclined plate made of pp material.
The water outlet area 5 is provided with a water outlet weir 20, and a water outlet 21 is arranged in the water outlet weir 20. In order to facilitate observation of the conditions in the water inlet zone 2 and the biological reaction zone 3 of the device, a first manhole 22 and a second manhole 23 are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the water inlet zone 2 and the biological reaction zone 3.
The working process of the equipment is as follows: the sewage enters the central cylinder 12 from the water inlet pipe 11 for water distribution, the central cylinder 12 is matched with the guide plate 13 to realize uniform mixing and distribution of the sewage in the water inlet area 2, the water flows upwards under the action of the aeration module 14, and the microorganism aggregate formed by the filler 8 and microorganism strains flows downwards under the action of gravity, so that the microorganism and the pollutant in the sewage can fully contact in the biological reaction area 3 in the flowing mode.
The aeration port 16 aerates towards the direction of the biological reaction zone 3, oxygen is conveyed to the biological reaction zone 3, three interfaces of aerobiotic, anoxic and anaerobic are formed in the filler 8 of the biological reaction zone (the filler is aerobiotic, anoxic and anaerobic in sequence from outside to inside), and microorganisms perform aerobic nitrification, anoxic denitrification and other actions on the three interfaces to remove organic matters in the black and odorous water body.
The sewage enters the sedimentation zone 4 along with the air flow, is sedimentated by the sloping plate, performs mud-water separation, and the clean water is discharged through the water outlet 21 in the water outlet weir 20. The sludge is continuously fused into larger sludge blocks under the collision of the inclined plates, when the self weight of the sludge blocks is larger than the water flow supporting force, the sludge blocks fall downwards, enter the water inlet area 2 through the sedimentation area 4 and the biological reaction area 3, finally sediment in the mud bucket 6 and are discharged through the mud discharge pipe 7.