CN108724392A - A kind of preparation method of bending solid wood - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of bending solid wood Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108724392A CN108724392A CN201810578794.8A CN201810578794A CN108724392A CN 108724392 A CN108724392 A CN 108724392A CN 201810578794 A CN201810578794 A CN 201810578794A CN 108724392 A CN108724392 A CN 108724392A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- timber
- adhesive
- bending
- solid wood
- impregnation
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009755 vacuum infusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920002531 Rubberwood Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001145 finger joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000565391 Fraxinus mandshurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001106462 Ulmus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002276 dielectric drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940045860 white wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
- B27K5/0055—Radio-waves, e.g. microwaves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27H1/00—Bending wood stock, e.g. boards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
- B27K3/10—Apparatus
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of bending solid wood, including：The microwave treatment that power is 5kW~300kW is carried out to timber；Impregnation is carried out to microwaved timber by adhesive；Molding bending process is carried out to the timber through impregnation；And processing is carried out shaping to the timber through being molded bending process, the bending solid wood is made.The seeds that this method can be handled are unrestricted, obtained bending solid wood rebound degree is low, high yield rate, with short production cycle, density, hardness and strength reached the conventional bending solid wood in market performance, properties of product it is controllable, curvature is adjustable, structure can design, beautiful and decoration performance is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wood processing fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of bending solid wood.
Background technology
Timber is a kind of natural high molecular composite material, and product has a variety of excellent performances such as natural, environmental protection and beauty.
But timber plasticity itself is poor, is easy to be destroyed when being processed the shape of (bending or molding) at various complexity, difficult
To meet requirement of the people to woodwork moulding and quality.
To evade the poor defect of timber plasticity, the bent member of furniture currently on the market is mostly that Veneer gluing is curved
Bent component and finger joint lumber, but Veneer gluing bent member solid wood texture is weak, and finger joint lumber influences overall aesthetic.As people consume
Horizontal and aesthetic conceptions continuous improvements, Veneer gluing bent member and finger joint lumber cannot meet the needs of people, and have
The bending solid wood of solid wood texture is increasingly favored by masses.
The main preparation methods of existing bending solid wood include the bending of saw system and cooking process.Wherein, the bending of saw system wastes
A large amount of timber, timber utilization rate is low, and then greatly improves enterprise's production cost.And cooking process long processing time and more suitable
It closes and handles flexible hard broadleaf, such as Manchurian ash, white wax rod, beech, elm, oak, maple etc., can handle
Material kind is limited.Further, the yield of these flexible hard broadleafs is lower and lower, is increasingly becoming rare tree material, leads
Cause the bending solid wood production cost using this method production higher.
The bending solid wood processing technology of conventional environment-friendly type includes low power microwave method.Low power microwave method, which refers to, utilizes microwave
The sofening treatment method in standby as bending wood is heated, has sofening treatment is carried out to timber using microwave in the prior art
Technology, but the timber size for being their ability to processing is smaller, also, for being not easy the timber being bent, such as fast growing wood etc., softening
The effect of processing is undesirable, causes subsequent bending effect that can not reach expectation, and finished product defect is more.
Invention content
In view of above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation sides of bending solid wood
Method is controlled by the moisture content to timber, and is soaked after being handled timber using the microwave that power is 5kW~300kW
Stain adhesive, bending solid wood rebound degree that the seeds that this method can be handled can be made unrestricted and obtained is low, yield rate
High, with short production cycle, density, hardness and strength have reached market, and routinely the bending performance of solid wood, properties of product are controllable, bending
Spend adjustable, structure and can design, beautiful and decoration performance it is good.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of bending solid wood, including：
The microwave treatment that power is 5kW~300kW is carried out to timber；
Impregnation is carried out to microwaved timber by adhesive；
Molding bending process is carried out to the timber through impregnation；And
Processing is carried out shaping to the timber through being molded bending process, the bending solid wood is made.
Present inventor is handled timber by using the microwave that power is 5kW~300kW, higher microwave
Power can make wood internal form steam pressure difference, destroy the weakness zone of timber, so that quickly formation is a large amount of equal for timber
Even crack, these uniform cracks are further formed infiltration lane, are finally completed the puffing of timber, as a result, these infiltrations are logical
Road improves the permeability of timber, is conducive to the introducing of adhesive and subsequent impregnation；Meanwhile the stress of wood internal exists
It is released in puffing process, in addition the microwave treatment also achieves the preliminarily softened to timber, is conducive to after being effectively performed
Continuous molding bending process.
Further, impregnation is carried out to microwaved timber by adhesive, can glued microwave treatment when
Density, the hardness and strength of timber are improved, additionally it is possible to timber after bending is prevented in subsequent sizing treatment in the crack of generation
Rebound makes the reduction of bending solid wood rebound degree.
The application is used cooperatively by microwave treatment and impregnation, can efficiently carry out molding knee
Reason, even inflexible timber kind can also reach desired bending effect, to expand the application model of the application
It encloses.
According to the present invention, the equipment for carrying out the microwave treatment is unrestricted, can be enumerated as tunnel type micro wave processing timber
Equipment, box microwave treatment timber equipment and kiln type micro-wave handle timber equipment.Since tunnel type micro wave handles timber equipment
Production efficiency is higher, therefore the preferred tunnel type micro wave of the present invention handles timber equipment.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave frequency of the microwave treatment is 100MHz~5GHz,
Preferably 200MHz~2450MHz, more preferably 433MHz~915MHz；The time of the microwave treatment is 10s~1200s,
Preferably 20s~600s, more preferably 20s~300s；The temperature of the microwave treatment be 100 DEG C~180 DEG C, preferably 100
DEG C~130 DEG C.
, according to the invention it is preferred to which the microwave frequency using 433MHz~915MHz carries out microwave treatment to timber, reason exists
It is found under study for action in present inventor, by the way that microwave frequency control in a specific range, can be made Jie of timber
Matter loss reaches maximum, makes electric energy is efficient to be converted to thermal energy, as a result, timber heating and expanding treatment effect are optimal.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive is selected from phenolic resin adhesive, polyalcohol
At least one in adhesive, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, furane resins adhesive, melamine class adhesive and inorganic adhesive
Kind, preferably at least one of phenolic resin adhesive, polyalcohol adhesive, furane resins adhesive and inorganic adhesive,
Furfuryl alcohol resin more preferably as the maltodextrin adhesive of polyalcohol adhesive, as furane resins adhesive and
At least one of sodium silicate aqueous solution as inorganic adhesive.In addition, the solid content of the adhesive be 10%~
100%, preferably 20%~60%, more preferably 20%~50%.
According to the present invention, the dosage of the adhesive is 20-50 parts by weight in terms of being 100 parts by weight by the weight of timber,
Under the ratio, preferable dipping effect can be realized.
According to the present invention, the adhesive have the characteristics that viscosity it is low, it is easy dipping, burst size of methanal it is low, ensure that its energy
With shorter dip time, it is impregnated with handled timber, and the burst size of methanal of final bending solid wood obtained meets E0 or E1
Grade release request.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impregnation uses vacuum pressed infusion process, including
Adhesive is introduced under vacuum, and completes impregnation under an increased pressure, wherein the vacuum condition offer-
The pressure of 0.1MPa~-0.05MPa provides 0.5MPa~2.0MPa, preferably 1.0MPa~2.0MPa under the pressurized conditions
Pressure.
According to the present invention, there is porous structure due to timber and produce a large amount of uniform cracks after microwave treatment, lead to
Above-mentioned vacuum processing is crossed, the gas in the pore structure of timber can be made to be discharged, adhesive can be made faster more uniformly to be immersed in
In timber.On the other hand, by pressurized treatments, adhesive can be made fully to be impregnated with timber, to realize preferably dipping effect
Fruit.
According to the present invention, the impregnation carries out in the vacuum pressing impregnation tank for being combined with vacuum pump.
According to the present invention, the time of the impregnation can select according to sample size, it is preferable that the thickness of timber is every
Increase 1mm, dip time accordingly increases 10min~20min.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molding bending process includes will be through the wood of impregnation
The moisture control of material is placed in 20%~60% in moulding press, carries out molding bending process, it is preferable that molding bending process
Condition includes：Temperature is 100 DEG C~150 DEG C, and compression ratio is 5%~50%, and pressure is 5MPa~30MPa, and processing time is
20min~60min.
According to the present invention, by the way that moisture control within the above range, is conducive to save energy consumption and realizes molding temperature
The balance of degree and molding bending time relationship.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molding bending process includes in advance will be through impregnation
Timber carry out sofening treatment after, be placed in moulding press, carry out molding bending process, it is preferable that molding bending process condition packet
It includes：Without heating, compression ratio is 5%~50%, and pressure is 5MPa~30MPa, and processing time is 3min~60min.
According to the present invention, moisture content determines the softening point and bating effect of timber, therefore preferably to wooden before sofening treatment
The moisture content of material is controlled.The numberical range of moisture content is related with the technique of the sofening treatment of selection, therefore preferably regards softening
The difference of technique is adjusted moisture content.For example, when carrying out sofening treatment using superheated steam, control moisture content is less than 40%
, and when carrying out sofening treatment using microwave or high-frequency electric field, need to control moisture content between 20%-60%.By this
Operation can make timber reach best bating effect in the shortest time, at the same for follow-up molding process reduce process time and
Rejection rate.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, including using the sofening treatment that superheated steam carries out will be through leaching
Stain processing timber moisture control be less than 40% after, so that it is contacted with 100 DEG C~150 DEG C of saturated vapor, connect
It is 20min~60min to touch the time.
According to the present invention, the moulding press includes cavity plate, the punch-pin with cavity plate complementation, and is provided to the punch-pin
The pressure apparatus of pressure, the punch-pin by pressure apparatus with cavity plate complementation, to make be located at the cavity plate with it is described
The punch-pin is fixed on the cavity plate by the wood-bending between punch-pin after completing to be molded bending process.
According to the present invention, the punch-pin includes substrate (1) and the evagination dough sheet that is removably disposed on the substrate
(2), the cavity plate includes the concave curved dough sheet (3) with the evagination dough sheet complementation.Preferably, the timber described in the cavity plate upper edge
Width direction both sides be provided with baffle (4), the baffle is for preventing the timber during molding bending process
It is slided relative to the cavity plate.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, moisture content of the timber before carrying out microwave treatment is
20%~100%, preferably 20%-70%.
Present inventor has found that the effect of microwave treatment is by the moisture content of timber before microwave treatment under study for action
It influences.When due to microwave treatment timber, hydrone is relative to other molecules (such as cellulosic molecule, hemicellulose molecule and wood
Quality molecule) there is stronger polarity, it is one of the best medium for absorbing microwave.In microwave treatment, microwave directly acts on
Medium hydrone, converts electrical energy into thermal energy.Meanwhile the penetration performance of microwave is preferable, timber can be made without heat transfer
In the case of, it completes to be heated while inside and outside, but since wood internal lacks radiating condition so that the internal temperature of timber is higher than
External temperature forms temperature gradient distribution, and then the hydrone inside driving is permeated to wood surface, forms steam pressure difference.When
When steam pressure difference reaches certain value, can directly destroy the weakness zone of timber, form a large amount of uniform cracks, these uniform cracks into
One step forms infiltration lane, is finally completed the puffing of timber.Based on this, from the angle for obtaining preferable expansion effect, originally
Apply the moisture control by timber before carrying out microwave treatment 20%~100%.
In addition, the type of timber is different before microwave treatment, it is required that moisture content it is also different.For example, what pine required
Moisture content is 60%-70%；It is 20%-30% that rubber wood timber, which then requires moisture content,；And it is 40%- that poplar, which then requires moisture content,
50%.
According to the present invention, when the moisture content of timber is higher than required range, can be dropped by modes such as drying process
The moisture content of low timber；When moisture content be less than required range when, can by the modes such as soaking water (can be impregnated under normal pressure,
Also can vacuum pressed impregnate) improve timber moisture content.
According to the present invention, the sizing treatment includes kiln drying legal type, natural air drying sizing, dielectric drying sizing etc..
It is illustrated with kiln drying legal type, kiln drying legal type includes being sent into the timber through molding bending in dry kiln together with mold,
Dry 10h~40h at a temperature of 60 DEG C~70 DEG C.Sizing treatment can guarantee that the flexural deformation of timber is completely fixed.
Further aspect of the present invention provides the bending solid wood prepared according to above-mentioned preparation method.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moisture content of the bending solid wood is 8%~20%.
According to the present invention, the bending solid wood can be applied to the fields such as furniture, craftwork engraving, outdoor decoration material.
Bending solid wood prepared by preparation method through the invention is compared with log scale, and density increases by 30% or more, and hard
Degree increases 300N or more, and bending strength can be 1 in 70MPa or more, curvature:3-1:It is adjusted in 2 ranges, rebound degree is only 5%
~10%, for high yield rate up to 85% or more, with short production cycle and production cost is low.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the process flow charts of the preparation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 indicates the exemplary plot of mold used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 indicates the picture of the bending solid wood obtained of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 indicates the picture of the bending solid wood obtained of embodiment 3.
Reference numeral：1- substrates；2- evagination dough sheets；3- concave curved dough sheets；4- baffles
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down state
It is bright.
To bending solid wood prepared by Examples 1 to 3, comparative example 1~4, in accordance with the following methods or standard is tested for the property.
Density：It is tested according to GB/T 1933-2009 Method for determination of the density of wood.
Hardness：It is tested according to GB/T 1941-2009 Method of testing in hardness of wood.
Bending strength：It is tested, but will be bent real according to GB/T 1936.1-2009 Method of testing in bending strength of wood
Wood is changed to concave upright contact pressure head end by convex surface upwards.
Burst size of methanal grade：According to formaldehyde in GB 18580-2017 indoor decorating and refurnishing materials, wood-based plate and its product
Release limitation is tested.
To bending solid wood prepared by Examples 1 to 3, comparative example 1~4, accordingly calculated according to following formula.
In above-mentioned formula (2), finished product refers to not fractureing after being bent or not occurring the bending solid wood in apparent crack, and waste product refers to curved
It fractures after song or the bending solid wood in apparent crack occurs.According to the present invention, in following Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1~4 at
It is 1 that product rate, which is in the curvature for being bent solid wood,:It is measured when 6.
In above-mentioned formula (4), " radius of curvature after rebound " is will to be bent after solid wood impregnates 4h in 60 DEG C of water to survey in rebound degree
, " radius of curvature after molding in a mold " refers to that bending solid wood is removed from the molds bending directly measure or complete
When, it is equal to the radius of curvature of bending mould.
In following Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1~4, maximum flexion refers to realize that the yield rate of bending solid wood is
95% or more maximum flexion.
Hereinafter used reagent includes but not limited to,
Phenolic resin adhesive title：Recombined bamboo impregnating phenolic resin, model：16L510.
Furfuryl alcohol resin title：High intensity furfuryl alcohol type furane resins, model：HY.
Maltodextrin adhesive technical grade maltodextrin is allocated.
Embodiment 1
A, the selection and preliminary working of timber
Select pine (import is one of plantation timber kind and one of China's main body entrance material kind in New Zealand) be
Timber to be processed, the radiation bulk density that the present embodiment uses are 0.44g/cm3, hardness 2100N is processed into 400mm
The timber of (length) × 120mm (width) × 30mm (thickness), and by the moisture control of timber between 60%-70%.
B, it is bent the preparation of solid wood
Microwave treatment：Timber is positioned in tunnel type High-Power Microwave processing timber equipment (the long 0.5m of microwave cavity) and is carried out
The frequency of microwave treatment, microwave treatment is 915MHz, and the power of microwave treatment is 140kW, and material transferring speed is 1.4m/min
The temperature of (time for being equivalent to microwave treatment is 21.4s), microwave treatment is 130 DEG C.
Impregnation：Adhesive selects phenolic resin adhesive, solid content 30%.Timber is put into vacuum hydraulic dipping
Impregnation is carried out in tank, is -0.08MPa by vacuum degree control, and phenolic resin adhesive is injected into vacuum hydraulic leaching later
In stain tank, and the pressure in Raise vacuum hydraulic pressure impregnating autoclave, until pressure reaches 1.5MPa.
Molding bending：It after 40%, will be placed on through the moisture control of the timber of impregnation by drying
In the mold of the hot press of 130 DEG C of preheating, and it is 130 DEG C in temperature, compression ratio 20%, under conditions of pressure is 25MPa, heat
Pressure processing 30min, by wood-bending at required shape.
Sizing：Bending solid wood with mold is taken off into feeding sizing dry kiln from hot press, in 60 DEG C of temperature
Under, drying is for 24 hours.Bending solid wood is removed from the molds, the bending solid wood, density 0.65g/cm is made3, hardness be
2400N, bending strength 74MPa, maximum flexion 1:3, moisture content 12%, rebound degree 5%, yield rate 87%,
Burst size of methanal grade meets E1 grades (referring to tables 1).
Embodiment 2
A, the selection and preliminary working of timber
Selection rubber wood timber is timber to be processed, and the rubber wood timber density that the present embodiment uses is 0.60g/cm3, hardness is
5300N, is processed into the timber of 600mm (length) × 100mm (width) × 30mm (thickness), and the moisture control of timber is existed
Between 20%-30%.
B, it is bent the preparation of solid wood
Microwave treatment：Timber is positioned in kiln formula High-Power Microwave processing timber equipment and carries out microwave treatment, at microwave
The frequency of reason is 2450MHz, and the power of microwave treatment is 60kW, and the time of microwave treatment is 2min, and the temperature of microwave treatment is
120℃。
Impregnation：Adhesive selects furfuryl alcohol resin, solid content 50%.By timber be put into vacuum hydraulic impregnating autoclave into
Vacuum degree control is -0.1MPa, furfuryl alcohol resin is injected into vacuum hydraulic impregnating autoclave later, and increases by row impregnation
Pressure in vacuum hydraulic impregnating autoclave, until pressure reaches 1.2MPa.
Molding bending：It after 40%, will be incited somebody to action through the moisture control of the timber of impregnation by 60 DEG C of drying of dry kiln
It is contacted with 120 DEG C of saturated vapor, time of contact 40min.It is quickly positioned in mold later, and is in temperature
130 DEG C, compression ratio 15%, under conditions of pressure is 20MPa, cold pressing treatment 40min, by wood-bending at required shape
Shape.
Sizing：Bending solid wood with mold is placed in baking oven, at a temperature of 60 DEG C, drying to moisture content is 12%
Afterwards, bending solid wood is removed from the molds, the bending solid wood, density 0.80g/cm is made3, hardness 5800N, bending resistance
Intensity is 96MPa, maximum flexion 1:2, rebound degree 8%, yield rate 85%, burst size of methanal grade meet E0 grades
(referring to table 1).
Embodiment 3
A, the selection and preliminary working of timber
Select poplar (one of main plantation timber kind in China, density 0.353g/cm3~0.544g/cm3, mechanics is strong
Degree, case hardness and wearability are poor, and poor performance limits its application) it is timber to be processed, what the present embodiment used
Poplar density is 0.42g/cm3, hardness 1950N is processed into the wood of 1500mm (length) × 200mm (width) × 60mm (thickness)
Material, and by the moisture control of timber between 40%-50%.
B, it is bent the preparation of solid wood
Microwave treatment：Timber is positioned in tunnel type High-Power Microwave processing timber equipment (the long 0.5m of microwave cavity) and is carried out
The frequency of microwave treatment, microwave treatment is 433MHz, and the power of microwave treatment is 100kW, and material transferring speed is 1.2m/min
The temperature of (time for being equivalent to microwave treatment is 25s), microwave treatment is 135 DEG C.
Impregnation：It is 40% that adhesive, which selects maltodextrin adhesive, adhesive solid content,.Timber is put into vacuum
Impregnation is carried out in hydraulic pressure impregnating autoclave, is -0.08MPa by vacuum degree control, is later injected into maltodextrin adhesive
In vacuum hydraulic impregnating autoclave, and the pressure in Raise vacuum hydraulic pressure impregnating autoclave, until pressure reaches 1.7MPa.
Molding bending：It after 45%, will be placed on through the moisture control of the timber of impregnation by drying
In the mold of the hot press of 125 DEG C of preheating, and it is 125 DEG C in temperature, compression ratio 40%, under conditions of pressure is 20MPa, heat
Pressure processing 30min, by wood-bending at required shape.
Sizing：Bending solid wood with mold is taken off from hot press and is sent into nature gas stove room, 7 days drying times.
Bending solid wood is removed from the molds, the bending solid wood, density 0.75g/cm is made3, hardness 2600N, bending resistance it is strong
Degree is 88MPa, maximum flexion 1:2.5, moisture content 10%, rebound degree 10%, yield rate 91%, burst size of methanal
Grade meets E0 grades (referring to tables 1).
Comparative example 1
In addition to the power of microwave treatment is changed to 1kW by 100kw, remaining reaction condition is same as Example 3.It is obtained
It is unpuffed microwave treatment material, density 0.49g/cm to be bent solid wood3, hardness 2050N, bending strength 64MPa, most
Macrobending degree is 1:20, moisture content 10%, rebound degree 10%, yield rate 20%, burst size of methanal grade meet E0 grades
(referring to table 1).
Comparative example 2
" impregnation " is not carried out to timber, remaining reaction condition is same as Example 3.Bending solid wood obtained is that do not have
Glued puffing microwave treatment material, yield rate 0 also therefore are not tested for the property (referring to table 1) it.
Comparative example 3
The moisture content of timber before microwave treatment is not controlled, the moisture content of timber itself is 20%, remaining reaction item
Part is same as Example 3.Bending solid wood obtained is unpuffed microwave treatment material, density 0.52g/cm3, hardness be
2100N, bending strength 68MPa, maximum flexion 1:6, moisture content 10%, rebound degree 10%, yield rate 40%,
Burst size of methanal grade meets E0 grades (referring to tables 1).
Comparative example 4
The moisture content of timber controls when not being bent to molding, and the moisture content of the timber through impregnation is 100%,
Remaining reaction condition is same as Example 3.The molding bending time increases, and efficiency declines, while moisture content is excessively high, leads to bonding strength
Decline.Bending solid wood density obtained is 0.56g/cm3, hardness 2200N, bending strength 70MPa, maximum flexion 1:
5, moisture content 20%, rebound degree 20%, yield rate 60%, burst size of methanal grade meet E0 grades (referring to tables 1).
Table 1
Note："/" expression does not test this in upper table.
It should be noted that embodiment described above is only used for explaining the present invention, any limit is not constituted to the present invention
System.By referring to exemplary embodiments, invention has been described, it should be appreciated that word used in it be it is descriptive and
Explanatory vocabulary, without being restrictive vocabulary.The present invention can be made within the scope of the claims by regulation
Modification, and the present invention is revised in without departing substantially from scope and spirit of the present invention.Although the present invention described in it relates to
And specific method, material and embodiment, it is not intended that the present invention is limited to particular case disclosed in it, on the contrary, this hair
It is bright to extend to other all methods and applications with the same function.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of bending solid wood, including：
The microwave treatment that power is 5kW~300kW is carried out to timber；
Impregnation is carried out to microwaved timber by adhesive；
Molding bending process is carried out to the timber through impregnation；And
Processing is carried out shaping to the timber through being molded bending process, the bending solid wood is made.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microwave frequency of the microwave treatment be 100MHz~
5GHz, preferably 200MHz~2450MHz, more preferably 433MHz~915MHz；The time of the microwave treatment be 10s~
1200s, preferably 20s~600s, more preferably 20s~300s；The temperature of the microwave treatment is 100 DEG C~180 DEG C, preferably
It is 100 DEG C~130 DEG C.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the adhesive be selected from phenolic resin adhesive,
In polyalcohol adhesive, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, furane resins adhesive, melamine class adhesive and inorganic adhesive extremely
Few one kind, preferably at least one in phenolic resin adhesive, polyalcohol adhesive, furane resins adhesive and inorganic adhesive
Kind, more preferably at least one of maltodextrin adhesive, furfuryl alcohol resin and sodium silicate aqueous solution；The adhesive is consolidated
Content is 10%~100%, preferably 20%~60%, more preferably 20%~50%.
4. preparation method according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the impregnation is added using vacuum
Infusion process is pressed, including introduces adhesive under vacuum, and completes impregnation under an increased pressure, wherein is described true
The pressure of empty condition offer -0.1MPa~-0.05MPa provides 0.5MPa~2.0MPa under the pressurized conditions, preferably
The pressure of 1.0MPa~2.0MPa.
5. according to the preparation method described in any one of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the molding bending process includes will
The moisture control of timber through impregnation is placed in 20%~60% in moulding press, carries out molding bending process, preferably
Ground, molding bending process condition include：Temperature be 100 DEG C~150 DEG C, compression ratio be 5%~50%, pressure be 5MPa~
30MPa, processing time are 20min~60min.
6. according to the preparation method described in any one of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the molding bending process includes pre-
It first by after the timber of impregnation carries out sofening treatment, is placed in moulding press, carries out molding bending process, it is preferable that molding
Bending process condition includes：Without heating, compression ratio is 5%~50%, and pressure is 5MPa~30MPa, and processing time is
3min~60min.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the sofening treatment includes will be through the wood of impregnation
The moisture control of material be less than 40% after, so that it is contacted with 100 DEG C~150 DEG C of saturated vapor, time of contact is
20min~60min.
8. according to the preparation method described in any one of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the timber is carrying out microwave treatment
Preceding moisture content is 20%~100%.
9. bending solid wood prepared by a kind of preparation method according to any one of claim 1-8.
10. bending solid wood according to claim 9, which is characterized in that it is described bending solid wood moisture content be 8%~
20%.
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| CN110405874A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-05 | 安徽扬子地板股份有限公司 | The production method of artistic floor board |
| CN110421662A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-08 | 穆云鹏 | A kind of wood-based planet bending method |
| CN111015878A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳市山峰智动科技有限公司 | Method, equipment and product for bending single-layer bamboo-wood tableware |
| CN111231040A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-05 | 南京林业大学 | Novel degradable fiber straw and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114523536A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-24 | 阜南佳利工艺品股份有限公司 | Treatment process for improving wood processing plasticity |
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| CN110421662A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-08 | 穆云鹏 | A kind of wood-based planet bending method |
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| CN111015878A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳市山峰智动科技有限公司 | Method, equipment and product for bending single-layer bamboo-wood tableware |
| CN111231040A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-05 | 南京林业大学 | Novel degradable fiber straw and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114523536A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-24 | 阜南佳利工艺品股份有限公司 | Treatment process for improving wood processing plasticity |
| CN114523536B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-19 | 阜南佳利工艺品股份有限公司 | Treatment process for improving wood processing plasticity |
| CN115464726A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-13 | 索菲亚家居股份有限公司 | Preparation method of powder spraying arc-shaped product and special die |
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