CN108717398A - A kind of pulse signal synchronization system and method suitable for USB interface - Google Patents
A kind of pulse signal synchronization system and method suitable for USB interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN108717398A CN108717398A CN201810317658.3A CN201810317658A CN108717398A CN 108717398 A CN108717398 A CN 108717398A CN 201810317658 A CN201810317658 A CN 201810317658A CN 108717398 A CN108717398 A CN 108717398A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
- G06F13/385—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/10—Program control for peripheral devices
- G06F13/102—Program control for peripheral devices where the programme performs an interfacing function, e.g. device driver
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/40—Bus structure
- G06F13/4063—Device-to-bus coupling
- G06F13/4068—Electrical coupling
- G06F13/4072—Drivers or receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F2213/0042—Universal serial bus [USB]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F2213/38—Universal adapter
- G06F2213/3852—Converter between protocols
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Abstract
A kind of pulse signal synchronization system and method suitable for USB interface, system include pulse signal capture and interface modular converter, USB drive modules and api function module；Pulse signal is captured is used for capture cycle pulse signal with interface modular converter, then generates the USB that host computer can identify and interrupts protocol package；On the computing device, USB drive modules interrupt protocol package for receiving and handling USB for USB drive modules and the assembly of api function module；The api function module is for providing interrupt processing function interface, after USB drive modules, which receive USB, interrupts protocol package, runs api function module, starts user-defined interrupt handling routine.Present invention is mainly used for the computing device occasions synchronous with external equipment progress high-precision recurrent pulses, Frequency Synchronization precision between promotion distinct device, ensure that synchronous error precision reaches 100 musec orders, meets kHz frequencies above synchronous applications demands, and have stronger versatility on interface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Time and Frequency Synchronization technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pulse signal suitable for USB interface synchronizes system
System and method.
Background technology
In precise information system, front end executes equipment has the tendency that separate design with corresponding computing device, however
In use, there is still a need for maintain frequency consistent for the two.It executes equipment and directly handles the pulse signal of analog quantity, and general meter
Equipment is calculated to tend not to directly handle analog quantity pulse signal.For example equipment needs server to carry out periodic data resolving, and
The adjustment of gun muzzle direction is carried out according to result.The frequency that the frequency of server execution resolving task is adjusted with gun muzzle must be consistent,
The requirement of attack precision could be met.In precise information system, the synchronous error of the consistent equipment room of frequency is often required that
In 1ms or less.
High-precision Frequency Synchronization between equipment and universal computing device is executed in order to realize, time unification equipment need to provide height
Synchronous cyclic pulse signal is spent as frequency reference, and each equipment receives the pulse signal and responded.In order to realize height
Accurate synchronization frequency, each equipment are required to quick return pulse signal, reduce reception delay.In precise information system,
Most of front end executes equipment and can directly be responded analog pulse signal as interrupt signal, can ensure very low reception
Delay.However universal computing device often can not directly handle analog pulse signal, need to design specific interface to pulse letter
It number is handled.
At present temporarily the phase of analog quantity impulsive synchronization is solved the problems, such as without USB interface processing, host computer method of calling in society
Close achievement and application.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to exist for Time and Frequency Synchronization between existing execution equipment and universal computing device
Above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of pulse signal synchronization system and method suitable for USB interface is provided, universal computing device is mainly used for
The application scenario synchronous with external equipment progress high-precision recurrent pulses promotes Frequency Synchronization precision between distinct device, ensures
Synchronous error precision reaches 100 musec orders, meets kHz frequencies above synchronous applications demands, and has relatively strong lead on interface
The property used.
Used technical solution is the present invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of pulse signal synchronization system suitable for USB interface carries out high-precision for computing device and external equipment
The occasion that recurrent pulses synchronize, including pulse signal capture and interface modular converter, USB drive modules and api function module；
The pulse signal capture is used for capture cycle pulse signal with interface modular converter, then generates upper function
The USB enough identified interrupts protocol package (convert cyclic pulse signal to USB and interrupt protocol package)；
On the computing device, USB drive modules are for receiving and locating for the USB drive modules and the assembly of api function module
It manages USB and interrupts protocol package；The api function module is for providing interrupt processing function interface, when USB drive modules receive
After USB interrupts protocol package, api function module is run, user-defined interrupt handling routine is started.
By said program, the pulse signal capture and interface modular converter include analog signal level conversion chip, light
It is electrically isolated chip, master controller, USB interface protection chip and DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips；
The analog signal level conversion circuit is used to convert analog level to digital level；
The photoelectric isolated chip is used for USB interface and the complete Phototube Coupling of analog signal level conversion chip, isolation
The analog signal of input and the USB interface signal (preventing crosstalk) of output；
The master controller is used to carry out study prediction to cyclic pulse signal, captures pulse signal and exports in USB
Disconnected protocol package；
The USB interface protection chip is HID device prevents instantaneous pressure from impacting using Electrostatic Protection Design, compatible
USB2.0 consensus standards；
The DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips are used for 5V power conversions into chip operation power supply.
The present invention also provides a kind of synchronous method of the above-mentioned pulse signal synchronization system suitable for USB interface, including
Following steps：
S1, same frequency is sent to computing device and external equipment simultaneously with the cyclic pulse signal of phase, external equipment is direct
Process cycle pulse signal；
The pulse signal capture of S2, assembly on the computing device converts cyclic pulse signal to interface modular converter
USB interrupts protocol package and is generalized machine-readable take；
S3, when USB drive modules receive USB interrupt protocol package after, run api function module, start it is user-defined
Interrupt handling routine, USB interrupt message delay and send, and it is synchronous with the holding of next pulse rising edge that USB interrupts message；Make to succeed in one's scheme
It calculates equipment and completes Frequency Synchronization under the driving of cyclic pulse signal with external equipment.
By said program, in the step S2, the capture of cyclic pulse signal is using the processing method of study prediction, master
Controller carries out the cyclic pulse signal of input the monitoring in multiple periods, learns the period for cyclic pulse signal and arteries and veins
It is wide and synchronous with cyclic pulse signal, at the time of prediction next pulse rising edge arrives, and in the moment (next pulse
At the time of rising edge arrives) rising edge of a pulse capture is carried out in neighbouring wicket (can significantly reduce signal burr to capturing
The influence of precision and reliability).
By said program, in the step S3, it is assumed that the frequency of cyclic pulse signal is f, and cycle T 1/f passes through master
The processor capture rising edge of a pulse of controller and the time for generating USB interruption messages are respectively t1 and t2, pass through master controller
Counter generate the delay of t3 so that USB interrupts message and next pulse rising edge alignment, and wherein t3 meets following formula：t1+
T2+t3=T.
By said program, when the processor period is 100MHz, processor tasks processing time and counter gate time
Shake be respectively less than 100ns, therefore USB interrupts the synchronous error of message and next pulse rising edge and controls in musec order.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1, the present invention solves the problems, such as signal Receiver Precision, and USB interface can not directly handle pulse simulation signal, and need
It is translated into the USB that host computer can be read and interrupts protocol package, processing delay can be introduced in this way；Due to the endpoint of USB device
The structure of pattern device determines that interrupt inquiry frequency is up to 1kHz, therefore from pulse signal rising edge is received to generation USB
Interrupting the most short delay of protocol package can not need to be subject on software and hardware less than 1ms to meet the requirement of Frequency Synchronization precision
Processing, therefore the present invention converts recurrent pulses analog signal to the form that computing device can be read, by computing device tune
With, while ensureing synchronization accuracy；Server and headend equipment are such as controlled into 200 above, synchronous errors of lines per second less than 1 millisecond
Periodic synchronous；
2, it solves interface and is applicable in sex chromosome mosaicism, universal computing device gradually generalization, nuclear interface standardizing, most of server
It is all completed by USB interface with the external serial communication of computer, especially for the higher blade server of space requirement, often not
Have the serial port resources such as RS-232 or RS-422, in order to meet the requirement of computing device versatility, pulse signal of the present invention synchronizes
Method can be adapted to USB interface, may extend in the Frequency Synchronization design using other interface standards；
3, the present invention realizes the high-precision Frequency Synchronization of USB interface device and analog quantity equipment room, to solve general meter
Calculate the Frequency Synchronization problem between the headend equipments such as service equipment and sensor；Suitable for using standardized commercial hardware equipment,
Hardware design is not changed reach time-frequency and unify effect, reduce dependence of the practical application to hardware, promote convenience, flexibility.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart for the pulse signal synchronization system that the present invention is suitable for USB interface；
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is embodied with interface modular converter in the capture of pulse signal of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the high-precise synchronization processing mode schematic diagram for the pulse signal that the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for USB interface.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, being sent to computing device and external equipment simultaneously with the cyclic pulse signal of phase with frequency, the two is in week
Frequency Synchronization is completed under the driving of phase property pulse signal.External equipment can direct process cycle pulse signal, and calculate and set
It is standby need to convert cyclic pulse signal to USB interrupt protocol package and be generalized machine-readable take.Therefore of the present invention to be suitable for
The pulse signal synchronization system of USB interface is mainly used in computing device, including pulse signal capture and interface modular converter,
USB drive modules and api function module.Wherein pulse signal capture is that hardware circuit is used for capture cycle with interface modular converter
Property rising edge of a pulse signal, then generate the USB that can identify of host computer and interrupt protocol package, it is to allow to select the purpose that USB is interrupted
Host computer can preferential answering pulse signal, reduce system delay error.
Assembly USB drive modules and api function module, wherein USB drive modules can receive and locate on the computing device
It manages USB and interrupts protocol package, api function module provides interrupt processing function interface, when USB drive modules receive interruption protocol package
Afterwards, api function module is run, user-defined interrupt handling routine is started.
Pulse signal is captured converts cyclic pulse signal to USB interruption protocol packages, pulse letter with interface modular converter
Number capture is with interface modular converter design based on study prediction, including analog signal level conversion chip, photoelectric isolated chip, master
Controller, USB interface protection chip and DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips.Influence of the signal burr to reliability in order to prevent, periodical arteries and veins
The capture of signal is rushed using the processing mode of study prediction.It includes to recurrent pulses that pulse signal, which is captured with interface modular converter,
Signal carries out the low-power consumption master controller of study prediction, and master controller carries out input signal the monitoring in multiple periods, learns
The period of input signal and pulsewidth are simultaneously synchronous, at the time of to predict that next rising edge arrives, near the moment
Rising edge capture is carried out in wicket, can significantly reduce influence of the signal burr to capture precision.
Attached drawing 2 gives the specific implementation of pulse signal a capture and interface modular converter based on RS-422 level
Example, pulse signal capture and interface modular converter include following chip：
A) RS422A electrical level transferring chips, that is, analog signal level conversion chip
Since RS422A is differential signal, so needing corresponding RS422A transceivers as level translation.RS422 interfaces are given
Chip can export 3.3V pwm signals, and communication distance reaches 1km or more, have the interference free performance of industry spot.RS422 is defeated
Outgoing interface carries out 1500V Phototube Couplings and 600W lightning protections using high speed photo coupling, can effectively prevent from RS422 buses
The damage to system such as electrostatic, lightning stroke, surge and earth potential difference.
B) low-power consumption master controller
Low-power consumption master controller should be able to run study Prediction program, have pulse signal capturing function and USB interrupts agreement
The output function of packet.It takes into account and considers system real time, low-power consumption, versatility, low power processor is selected using mainstream framework (such as
ARM Cortex-M3) processor, should have pwm signal capture and USB output functions, input/output signal monitor function.Together
When processor frequencies be not less than 100MHz.Low-power consumption master controller is inputted using High Precision Crystal Oscillator as clock, driving timing device
Complete the high-precise synchronization that USB interrupts message delivery time and rising edge of a pulse.
C) USB interface protects chip
USB interface protects chip to use Electrostatic Protection Design, prevents instantaneous pressure from impacting, 2.0 consensus standards of compatible USB,
Use Device HID
D) DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips
Single 5V power supply of the power supply of entire module from USB interface.DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips are used for 5V power conversions
At chip operation power supply (such as 3.3V), DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips use on & off operation mode, energy conversion efficiency 90% or more,
Maximum load current is not less than 100mA, and power supply rejection ratio is more than 70dB.
E) photoelectric isolated chip
By the complete Phototube Coupling in the ends USB and the ends RS422, crosstalk is prevented, ensures that communication security is reliable.
USB drive modules are standard driver, using 2.0 or more consensus standards of USB, support USB HID class equipment.
Unlatching to USB device, closing function are provided, USB interrupts the unlatching of transmission, stops function, can respond host computer poll simultaneously
Data will be interrupted and be sent to host computer.
Host computer api interface mainly provides the service of application response interruption, specifically there is following several functions：
A) USB interrupts enabled：
Function describes：USB drive modules are called to open USB interrupt functions.
Function name：bool usbOpen(USR_FUNC usrFunc)；
Function declaration：Initialize USB device
Parameter 1：The call back function of user is called in interrupt processing function
Return value：True is indicated to find USB device and is opened success.
False indicates that USB device opens failure.
B) USB impeding shutdowns
It directly invokes USB impeding shutdown api functions and closes USB interrupt functions.
Function name：bool usbClose()
Function declaration：Close USB device
Function parameter：Nothing
Return value：True is successfully closed USB device
False closes USB device failure
C) USB interrupt processings and user function are associated with.
After considering that USB interrupts arrival, bottom layer driving can call user to be registered in initialization during breaking in processes
Call back function, call back function register method is as follows：
typedef void(*func)()USER_FUNC
The embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the pulse signal synchronization processing method of USB interface, specific as follows：
In precise information system, each device frequency synchronous error often requires that, less than 1ms, this requires rising edge of a pulses
Arrival time interrupts message generation time difference with USB and is less than 1ms.And for most of commercial microprocessor, receive arteries and veins
Rising edge signal is rushed to the time interval of generation USB interrupt signals commonly greater than 1ms.Such as commercial embeded processor
ARM-M3, the processing delay to usb protocol is 5ms or so.Therefore USB, which interrupts message, to keep same with current PRF rising edge
Step.
High-precise synchronization is realized with rising edge of a pulse, then need that USB is allowed to interrupt message delay hair to allow USB to interrupt message
It send, it is synchronous with the holding of next pulse rising edge.Specific method is as shown in Fig. 3.It is assumed that the frequency of cyclic pulse signal is
50Hz, period 20ms, processor capture rising edge of a pulse and to generate USB to interrupt the time of message be respectively 1ms and 4.4ms,
Embedded system without freely dispatching, accurately fix by the time of the task.14.6ms is generated by counter
Delay, USB can be allowed to interrupt message and next pulse rising edge alignment.When the processor period is 100MHz, at task
The shake of reason time and counter gate time is respectively less than 100ns, therefore USB interrupts the same of message and next pulse rising edge
Step error can be controlled in musec order.
During actual software is realized, processor is by monitoring input pulse rising edge and exporting the time of USB messages
Differential state adjusts counter cycle, completes the convergence process of synchronous error, finally realizes precise synchronization.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, this
Field technology personnel make a little simple modification, equivalent variations or modification using the technology contents of the disclosure above, all fall within this hair
In bright protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pulse signal synchronization system suitable for USB interface, which is characterized in that for computing device and external equipment into
The occasion that row high-precision recurrent pulses synchronize, including pulse signal capture and interface modular converter, USB drive modules and API
Function module；
The pulse signal capture is used for capture cycle pulse signal with interface modular converter, and then generating host computer can know
Other USB interrupts protocol package；
On the computing device, USB drive modules are for receiving and handling USB for the USB drive modules and the assembly of api function module
Interrupt protocol package；The api function module is interrupted for providing interrupt processing function interface when USB drive modules receive USB
After protocol package, api function module is run, user-defined interrupt handling routine is started.
2. being suitable for the pulse signal synchronization system of USB interface as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse letter
Number capture with interface modular converter include analog signal level conversion chip, photoelectric isolated chip, master controller, USB interface protect
Protect chip and DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips；
The analog signal level conversion circuit is used to convert analog level to digital level；
The photoelectric isolated chip is used for USB interface and the complete Phototube Coupling of analog signal level conversion chip, isolation input
Analog signal and output USB interface signal；
The master controller is used to carry out study prediction to cyclic pulse signal, captures pulse signal and exports USB and interrupts association
View packet；
The USB interface protection chip is HID device prevents instantaneous pressure from impacting using Electrostatic Protection Design, compatible USB2.0
Consensus standard；
The DC-DC voltage stabilizing chips are used for 5V power conversions into chip operation power supply.
3. a kind of synchronous method of pulse signal synchronization system suitable for USB interface as described in claim 1~2, special
Sign is, includes the following steps：
S1, same frequency is sent to computing device and external equipment simultaneously with the cyclic pulse signal of phase, external equipment is directly handled
Cyclic pulse signal；
The pulse signal capture of S2, assembly on the computing device converts cyclic pulse signal to USB with interface modular converter
It interrupts protocol package and is generalized machine-readable take；
S3, when USB drive modules receive USB interrupt protocol package after, run api function module, start user-defined interruption
Processing routine, USB interrupt message delay and send, and it is synchronous with the holding of next pulse rising edge that USB interrupts message；It is set so that calculating
It is standby to complete Frequency Synchronization under the driving of cyclic pulse signal with external equipment.
4. the synchronous method suitable for the pulse signal synchronization system of USB interface as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
In the step S2, the capture of cyclic pulse signal is using the processing method of study prediction, period of the master controller to input
Property pulse signal carry out the monitoring in multiple periods, the period for learning cyclic pulse signal believes with pulsewidth and with recurrent pulses
Number synchronization carries out rising edge of a pulse in wicket at the time of prediction next pulse rising edge arrives, and near the moment
It captures.
5. the synchronous method suitable for the pulse signal synchronization system of USB interface as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
In the step S3, it is assumed that the frequency of cyclic pulse signal is f, cycle T 1/f, is captured by the processor of master controller
Rising edge of a pulse and the time for generating USB interruption messages are respectively t1 and t2, and prolonging for t3 is generated by the counter of master controller
When so that USB interrupts message and next pulse rising edge alignment, and wherein t3 meets following formula：T1+t2+t3=T.
6. the synchronous method suitable for the pulse signal synchronization system of USB interface as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
When the processor period is 100MHz, processor tasks processing time and the shake of counter gate time are respectively less than 100ns, because
The synchronous error that this USB interrupts message and next pulse rising edge is controlled in musec order.
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