CN108715773A - The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, the application of shaddock peel essential oil and application method - Google Patents
The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, the application of shaddock peel essential oil and application method Download PDFInfo
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- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 claims 2
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 241000208293 Capsicum Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004763 spore germination Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001965 potato dextrose agar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000031320 Teratogenesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005452 food preservative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019249 food preservative Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001408 fungistatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, the application of shaddock peel essential oil and application methods, belong to extraction of essential oil and technical field of anticorrosion, the extraction process of the shaddock peel essential oil includes：Step 1 is selected epidermis completely and without the shaddock of corruption, is rinsed, and natural air drying to epidermis does not have water droplet, knife to cut acquisition pomelo peel；Step 2 will obtain pomelo peel and smash and granulate, and add water to distill 2-4h under 120-180 DEG C of heating temperature, obtain shaddock peel essential oil in step 1；In the step 2, the weight part ratio of granular pomelo peel and water is 1:1-3.Extraction process in the present invention has the advantages that raising shaddock peel essential oil yield, and the concentration of the shaddock peel essential oil of acquisition is higher, and has the advantages that preferable antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function to tomato.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extraction of essential oil and technical field of anticorrosion, more specifically, it relates to which a kind of shaddock peel essential oil carries
Taking technique, the application of shaddock peel essential oil and application method.
Background technology
It rots to be one of the main reason for causing postharvest fruit and vegetable to lose caused by being infected by pathogenic microorganism.Wherein, tomato
It is subject to the infringement of rod method etc. after picking, black rot occurs, to cause larger economic loss.
Currently, application of the chemical preservative in postharvest fruit and vegetable preservation and freshness is very extensive, but it is many artificial synthesized
Chemical preservative, which exists, to lure carcinous, teratogenesis and easily causes the unsafe problems such as food slow poisoning, and therefore, research and development are natural
The food preservative of food security is particularly important.
And when storing shaddock, it is found that shaddock epidermis more can chronically be remained stationary, and the infringement of cause of disease is not easily susceptible to.And
Pomelo peel accounts for about 30% or more of entire shaddock quality, and China about generates nearly million tons of pomelo peel every year, if directly abandoned,
Not only waste of resource, but also pollute environment.Therefore, whether pomelo peel there is preferable threshold must study antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function.So
And if directly use pomelo peel to fruits and vegetables carry out antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function, pomelo peel can only be placed near fruits and vegetables, antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function it is complete
Face property is poor, and persistence is poor.
Essential oil is extracted from plant and is obtained, and has certain volatilization effect and fragrance full.Therefore, by the essence in shaddock
Oil extracts, and is analysed in depth to the antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function of tomato using shaddock peel essential oil, becomes the key of research.
Invention content
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention one is to provide a kind of extraction work of shaddock peel essential oil
Skill has the yield for improving shaddock peel essential oil, and the concentration of the shaddock peel essential oil obtained is higher, and has to tomato preferable anti-
Rotten antibacterial advantage.
To achieve the above object one, the present invention provides following technical solutions：
A kind of extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, includes the following steps：
Step 1 is selected epidermis completely and without the shaddock of corruption, is rinsed, and natural air drying to epidermis does not have water droplet, and knife, which is cut, obtains shaddock
Sub- skin；
Step 2 will obtain pomelo peel and smash and granulate, water is added to distill 2- under 120-180 DEG C of heating temperature in step 1
4h obtains shaddock peel essential oil；
In the step 2, the weight part ratio of granular pomelo peel and water is 1:1-3.
Through the above technical solutions, in step 1, epidermis is complete and without the shaddock of corruption, has pure and fresh fragrance, through clear
Wash it is dry after, it is more that knife cuts the shaddock peel essential oil contained in the pomelo peel of acquisition.In step 2, pomelo peel is first smashed into granulating
Shape, during distillation, ingredient therein can be distillated by rapid steaming.And water is added to be distilled, the pomelo peel essence of acquisition can be made
Any chemical substance is free of in oil, it is pure natural, it is harmful to human health.And the parts by weight of the water of granular pomelo peel and addition
Than being 1:1-3 helps fully to dissolve out the active ingredient in pomelo peel, obtains the shaddock peel essential oil of higher degree, and also have
Help save the energy consumption needed for distillation.
Further preferably：In the step 1, the epidermis of shaddock is washed by rubbing with the hands using salt.
Through the above technical solutions, salt is tiny granular, during washing by rubbing with the hands, on the one hand it is not easy to make the epidermis of shaddock
On the other hand remaining edible wax on epidermis can also be effectively removed by generating breakage.
Further preferably：In the step 2, the size of the pomelo peel is 60-80 mesh.
Through the above technical solutions, the pomelo peel in above-mentioned magnitude range, the intracutaneous active ingredient of shaddock can be steamed in water
It is sufficiently separated out during steam distillation, contributes to acquisition concentration higher and the higher shaddock peel essential oil of yield.
Further preferably：A concentration of 1050-1200 μ g/ml of the shaddock peel essential oil.
Through the above technical solutions, the method by steam distillation is distilled, the concentration of the shaddock peel essential oil of acquisition is higher,
To have the effect of higher antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function.
The purpose of the present invention two is to provide a kind of application of shaddock peel essential oil, and which solve tomato, the capsicums after picking
It is vulnerable to by the infringement of rod method and the problem of black rot occurs, has the advantages that the tomato after adopting, capsicum antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function.
To achieve the above object two, the present invention provides following technical solutions：
A kind of application of shaddock peel essential oil, by application of the shaddock peel essential oil of above-mentioned acquisition in fruit and vegetables corrosion protection is antibacterial.
Through the above technical solutions, shaddock peel essential oil has pure and fresh fragrance, can be diffused in volatilization process larger
Spatial dimension, to make it that there is more comprehensive antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function effect to fruits and vegetables.
The purpose of the present invention three is to provide a kind of application method of shaddock peel essential oil, and shaddock peel essential oil has body to fruits and vegetables
Outer antibacterial, internal antibacterial effect.
To achieve the above object three, the present invention provides following technical solutions：
A kind of application method of shaddock peel essential oil, includes the following steps：
The shaddock peel essential oil of above-mentioned acquisition is uniformly applied to the surface of fruits and vegetables, natural air drying by step A1；
The fruits and vegetables are tomato or capsicum.
Through the above technical solutions, the shaddock peel essential oil that extraction process obtains in the application, is directly available in the outer of fruits and vegetables
Surface can form one layer of antibacterial erosion resistant coating after natural air drying in the outer surface of fruits and vegetables, effectively obstruct the chain lattice in external environment
Spore causes to encroach on to fruits and vegetables, to help to reduce the probability that the fruits and vegetables after picking rot.
A kind of application method of shaddock peel essential oil, includes the following steps：
Step B1, selecting surface does not have the fruits and vegetables of mechanical damage, sterilization processing, clear water to rinse, and natural air drying to surface is without water droplet；
Step B2, in the circular aperture that fruit and vegetable surfaces cut out a diameter of 6.0-6.5mm, depth is 2.0-2.3mm, by 28-30 μ l
A concentration of 1 × 104The rod method spore suspension of CFU/ml is added in aperture, and 28-30 μ l are added after natural air drying by weighing in 1-4
The shaddock peel essential oil obtained in any one；
The fruits and vegetables are tomato or capsicum.
Through the above technical solutions, fruit and vegetable surfaces after the cleaning dig aperture, and rod method spore is added in aperture
Suspension, after spontaneously drying, being equivalent to inside fruits and vegetables has rod method, i.e., in these cases, is easy that fruits and vegetables is made corruption occur
Rotten phenomenon.And after rod method spore suspension is air cured, add shaddock peel essential oil, shaddock peel essential oil can preferably by
Rod method coats, and then playing preferably prevents rod method to the infringement inside tomato or capsicum, reduces and rotten show occurs
As.
Further preferably：In the step B1, sterilization processing is：Fruits and vegetables are immersed in a concentration of 0.1% hypochlorous acid
In sodium water solution, soaking time 1-3min.
Through the above technical solutions, a concentration of 0.1% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution has preferably the fruits and vegetables after picking
Bactericidal effect, and the soaking time of fruits and vegetables is more abundant, makes bactericidal effect more preferably.
Further preferably：In the step B2, the body of the shaddock peel essential oil and rod method spore suspension of addition
Product is than being 1:1.
Through the above technical solutions, the addition of shaddock peel essential oil is moderate, the effect of antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function is preferable, and cost is more
Rationally.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
1. using pomelo peel as raw material, extract shaddock peel essential oil contributes to sustainable development rationally using the pomelo peel discarded
Exhibition, and raw material derives from a wealth of sources, and reduces the cost of raw material, and the yield of shaddock peel essential oil is higher；2. shaddock peel essential oil is logical
The method for crossing steam distillation obtains, and distillation process does not add organic solvent, the shaddock peel essential oil of acquisition is natural, environmental protection, without public affairs
Evil, and more safety, it is harmless；
3. the shaddock peel essential oil obtained in the application can not only use on the surface of fruits and vegetables, it can also be used to which fruits and vegetables are locally broken
At damage, the effect of capable of reaching antibacterial anti-corrosion.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that shaddock peel essential oil influences variation diagram to bacterial plaque diameter in vitro in test sample, control sample in experiment two；
Growth of pathogenic bacteria inhibiting rate figure after Fig. 2 is test sample, shaddock peel essential oil is handled 7 days in control sample；
Fig. 3 is influence diagram of the shaddock peel essential oil to black rot incidence；
Fig. 4 is inhibition figure of the shaddock peel essential oil to rod method spore germination.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1：The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, includes the following steps：
Step 1 is selected epidermis completely and without the shaddock of corruption, is washed by rubbing with the hands using salt to the epidermis of shaddock, rinsed, natural
Air-drying to epidermis does not have water droplet, knife to cut acquisition pomelo peel；
Step 2 will obtain pomelo peel and smash and granulate in step 1, the size of pomelo peel is 80 mesh, add water 120 DEG C plus
2h is distilled at hot temperature, wherein the weight part ratio of granular pomelo peel and water is 1:1, obtain shaddock peel essential oil.
Embodiment 2-9：The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 1 difference lies in, heating temperature, extraction time,
The weight part ratio of pomelo peel and water is as shown in table 1.
Heating temperature in 1 embodiment 1-9 of table, extraction time, pomelo peel and water weight part ratio
Embodiment 10：The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 1 difference lies in, in step 2, pomelo peel it is big
Small is 60 mesh.
Embodiment 11：The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 1 difference lies in, in step 2, pomelo peel it is big
Small is 70 mesh.
Embodiment 12：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, step A1 are uniform by the shaddock peel essential oil obtained in embodiment 1
It is applied to the surface of tomato, natural air drying.
Embodiment 13：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, difference lies in replace tomato using capsicum with embodiment 12.
Embodiment 14：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, including：
Step B1, selecting surface does not have the tomato of mechanical damage, and fruits and vegetables are immersed in a concentration of 0.1% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution
In, soaking time 2min, clear water rinses, and natural air drying to surface is without water droplet；
Step B2, in the circular aperture that tomato surface cuts out a diameter of 6.0mm, depth is 2.0mm, by 30 μ l a concentration of 1 ×
104The rod method spore suspension of CFU/ml is added in aperture, and 30 μ l are added after natural air drying by the shaddock that is obtained in embodiment 1
Peel essential oil.
Wherein, a concentration of 1 × 104The rod method spore suspension of CFU/ml comes from Food Science and Engineering system of Zhejiang University
Food biotechnology laboratory.
Embodiment 15：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, difference lies in replace tomato using capsicum with embodiment 14.
Embodiment 16：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 14 difference lies in when, borehole, the diameter of aperture
It is 6.5, the depth of aperture is 2.3.
Embodiment 17：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 14 difference lies in, rod method spore suspension,
The usage amount of shaddock peel essential oil is 28 μ l.
Embodiment 18：The application method of shaddock peel essential oil, difference lies in step B1, tomato is secondary with embodiment 14
Sodium chlorate aqueous solution impregnates 1min.
Comparative example 1：The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 1 difference lies in, in step 1, the epidermis of shaddock
Salt is not used to be washed by rubbing with the hands.
Comparative example 2：The extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, with embodiment 1 difference lies in, in step 2, granular shaddock
The weight part ratio of skin and water is 1:0.5.
Experiment one：Extract yield experiment
Test method：The preparation method in embodiment 1-11, comparative example 1-2 is respectively adopted, shaddock is carried out to same a collection of shatian pomelo
The extraction of peel essential oil, and the pomelo peel of used shatian pomelo is equal in weight.
Test apparatus/equipment：It crushes pomelo peel and uses MJ-25BM04B type pulverizers, be purchased from the fine work electric appliance system of Guangdong U.S.
Make Co., Ltd；It weighs pomelo peel and uses JJ1000 type electronic balances, be purchased from Shuan Jie test equipments factory of Changshu City；Temperature adjustable electrically heated device
It revives into instrument and equipment factory purchased from Shanghai；Distillation uses volatile oil extractor, is purchased from Yancheng, Jiangsu Province Co., Ltd.
Test result：The yield and concentration of shaddock peel essential oil are as shown in table 2.
The yield and concentration of 2 shaddock peel essential oil of table
| Embodiment/comparative example | Essential oil yield (%) | Essential oil concentration (μ g/ml) |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.48 | 1100 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.85 | 1100 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.9 | 1100 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.79 | 1200 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.74 | 1200 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.65 | 1100 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.45 | 1200 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.91 | 1050 |
| Embodiment 9 | 0.51 | 1100 |
| Embodiment 10 | 0.48 | 1050 |
| Embodiment 11 | 0.48 | 1200 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.39 | 800 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.35 | 1000 |
As shown in Table 2, in embodiment 1-11, the yield of essential oil is higher, is maintained at 0.45% or more, even as high as
0.91%, at concentrations up to 1050-1200 μ g/ml；And in comparative example 1, the yield of essential oil can only be maintained at 0.39%, essential oil concentration
For 800 μ g/ml, illustrate that wax existing for shaddock surface can reduce the acquisition of essential oil, and essential oil concentration is caused to decline；In comparative example 2,
The yield of essential oil can only be maintained at 0.35%, and essential oil concentration is 1000 μ g/ml, illustrate that the amount for the water being added when distillation is less, meeting
The essential oil in pomelo peel is caused to be difficult to fully be distilled.
Experiment two：In Vitro Bacteriostasis effect test
Test method：
1. the shaddock peel essential oil for extracting acquisition in embodiment 1 is added in PDA culture medium so that in the medium, pomelo peel
A concentration of 1000 μ g/ml of essential oil, as test sample (treatment)；
The PDA culture medium of shaddock peel essential oil sample (control) as a contrast is not added；
The rod method cultivated in the medium 7 days is taken with the card punch of a diameter of 6mm, is individually placed to test sample, control
The center of sample is placed in 27 DEG C of isoperibol and cultivates 7 days, measures the diameter of bacterial plaque diffusion daily using crossing method.Often
5 tablets (culture dish) are done in kind processing, and in triplicate, after the data average treatment of acquisition, attached drawing is made, then divided in experiment
Analysis.
2. the rod method in 1. is uniformly applied on the capsicum that epidermis is not mechanically damaged, it is divided into 2 groups, one group uniformly applies
The shaddock peel essential oil that acquisition is extracted in 2ml embodiments 1 is smeared, another group is then to smear 2ml sterile waters, is being placed in 27 DEG C of constant temperature ring
3 days in border, in two groups of observation the case where capsicum.
Wherein, PDA, i.e. potato dextrose agar, including 200g potato extracts, 20g glucose,
20g agar, 1000ml distilled water.
Test result：It is as shown in Figure 1 to influence variation diagram on bacterial plaque diameter in vitro for shaddock peel essential oil in test sample, control sample；
Growth of pathogenic bacteria inhibiting rate is as shown in Figure 2 after shaddock peel essential oil is handled 7 days in test sample, control sample.
As shown in Figure 1, in control group, after 24h, rod method growth is very fast, and the impetus of this growth continues to the 6th
It；And in test sample, before 72h, do not occur bacterial plaque, illustrate that rod method can not be grown, after 72h, starts slowly bacterial plaque occur,
Compared with control sample, the diameter of bacterial plaque is smaller, after inoculation the 6th day, it can be seen that the diameter of bacterial plaque is experiment in control sample
Nearly 4 times of the diameter of bacterial plaque in sample illustrate that shaddock peel essential oil has apparent inhibiting effect to rod method growth.
As shown in Figure 2, control sample is to the inhibiting rate of pathogen less than 20%, and test sample is close to the inhibiting rate of pathogen
90%, difference is very big, from the angle of data, inhibits the effect of rod method more intuitively to change shaddock peel essential oil.
In addition, being coated on the capsicum of shaddock peel essential oil, do not occur rotten phenomenon, and is coated with the capsicum of sterile water
On, then there is more serious putrefactive phenomenon.It is indicated above that shaddock peel essential oil has important work to the external anti-corrosion of capsicum
With.
Experiment three：Internal fungistatic effect experiment
Test method：Diameter 6mm is cut out on tomato surface using the card punch of a diameter of 6mm, depth is the circular aperture of 2mm.
30 μ l are prepared in advance, are 1 × 10 containing rod method spore concentration4Aperture is added in the rod method spore suspension of CFU/ml
In, the shaddock peel essential oil that a concentration of 1000 μ g/ml of 30 μ l are added after natural air dryings is waited, as test group (b)；In control group (a)
The sterile water of equivalent is then added.
By treated, tomato is put into plastics box, is stored in after being sealed with preservative film under 25 DEG C of constant temperature, often
The Decay of the damaged mouth of its observation, is observed continuously 5 days.Each parallel to do 10 tomatoes, experiment 3 is parallel every time, experiment weight
It is 3 times multiple, after data are averaged, record, and make block diagram and analyzed.
Test result：Influence of the shaddock peel essential oil to black rot incidence is as shown in Figure 3.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that the probability that black rot occurs in medium and small tomato in control group is up to 37.2%, and small tomato in test group
The probability for black rot occur is only 5.4%.It is indicated above that inside tomato, shaddock peel essential oil has very outstanding antibacterial effect
Fruit can effectively prevent the disease after tomato is adopted, and by the control of the incidence of disease in very small range.
Experiment four：Spore germination inhibits experiment
Test method：The spore that rod method is scraped on the rod method culture medium for cultivated 7 days, is made into 1 × 107The chain of CFU/ml
Lattice spore spore suspension.It takes 5ml spore suspensions to put in test tube, shaddock peel essential oil is added, it is 1000 μ g/ to make essential oil concentration
Ml, as test group；The sterile water of equivalent is then added in control group.
Test group, control group are individually placed in shaking table, under the speed of 150rpm, cultivated under 27 DEG C of constant temperature
Then 18h observes the sprouting situation of spore under the microscope.100 spores of each parallel at least observation, each processing have 3
Parallel, experiment is repeated 2 times.
Test result：Shaddock peel essential oil is as shown in Figure 4 to the inhibition of rod method spore germination.
As shown in Figure 4, in test group, spore germination rate is less than 10%, and in control group, spore germination rate is more than then
40%, gap is larger, it is therefore shown that shaddock peel essential oil can significantly decrease the germination rate of rod method spore, also froms the perspective of from side
Bright, shaddock peel essential oil is to control fruit postharvest diseases by way of inhibit pathogen spore germination.
Test apparatus/equipment employed in experiment two~tetra- is as follows：
Card punch：Diameter 6mm；
Liquid-transfering gun：Eppendorf, 20-200 μ l, 100-1000 μ l；
Superclean bench：AirtechVS-840K-U；
High-pressure sterilizing pot：SanyoMLS-3750；
Light microscope：OlympusCX22；
Shaking table：Know Chu's instrument, ZQLY-18F in Shanghai；
Constant incubator：German MMM.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1 is selected epidermis completely and without the shaddock of corruption, is rinsed, and natural air drying to epidermis does not have water droplet, and knife, which is cut, obtains shaddock
Sub- skin；
Step 2 will obtain pomelo peel and smash and granulate, water is added to distill 2- under 120-180 DEG C of heating temperature in step 1
4h obtains shaddock peel essential oil；
In the step 2, the weight part ratio of granular pomelo peel and water is 1:1-3.
2. the extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1, to shaddock
Epidermis washed by rubbing with the hands using salt.
3. the extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2, the shaddock
The size of sub- skin is 60-80 mesh.
4. the extraction process of shaddock peel essential oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of the shaddock peel essential oil
For 1050-1200 μ g/ml.
5. a kind of application of shaddock peel essential oil, which is characterized in that the shaddock peel essential oil obtained in claim 1-4 is in fruit and vegetables corrosion protection
Application in antibacterial.
6. a kind of application method of shaddock peel essential oil, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
The shaddock peel essential oil obtained in power 1-4 is uniformly applied to the surface of fruits and vegetables, natural air drying by step A1；
The fruits and vegetables are tomato or capsicum.
7. a kind of application method of shaddock peel essential oil, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step B1, selecting surface does not have the fruits and vegetables of mechanical damage, sterilization processing, clear water to rinse, and natural air drying to surface is without water droplet；
Step B2, in the circular aperture that fruit and vegetable surfaces cut out a diameter of 6.0-6.5mm, depth is 2.0-2.3mm, by 28-30 μ l
A concentration of 1 × 104The rod method spore suspension of CFU/ml is added in aperture, and 28-30 μ l are added after natural air drying by weighing in 1-4
The shaddock peel essential oil obtained in any one；
The fruits and vegetables are tomato or capsicum.
8. the application method of shaddock peel essential oil according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step B1, at sterilization
Reason is：Fruits and vegetables are immersed in a concentration of 0.1% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, soaking time 1-3min.
9. the application method of shaddock peel essential oil according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that in the step B2, be added
The volume ratio of the shaddock peel essential oil and rod method spore suspension be 1:1.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109700876A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-03 | 河北厚德汉方医疗器械股份有限公司 | A kind of oxidation resistant particle is sufficient to paste pack and preparation method thereof |
| CN112457921A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-09 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of grapefruit essential oil with high extraction rate |
| CN112680280A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏天晟药业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of sedative composite volatile oil |
| CN112741117A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-04 | 广东派特埃尔生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of herbal antibacterial disinfectant |
| CN114854489A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | Essential oil of Mao Huaju, preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109700876A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-03 | 河北厚德汉方医疗器械股份有限公司 | A kind of oxidation resistant particle is sufficient to paste pack and preparation method thereof |
| CN112457921A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-09 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of grapefruit essential oil with high extraction rate |
| CN112680280A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏天晟药业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of sedative composite volatile oil |
| CN112741117A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-04 | 广东派特埃尔生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of herbal antibacterial disinfectant |
| CN112741117B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-01-25 | 广东派特埃尔生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of herbal antibacterial disinfectant |
| CN114854489A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | Essential oil of Mao Huaju, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114854489B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2024-03-22 | 北京市农林科学院 | Chamomile essential oil and preparation method and application thereof |
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