CN108713007A - 具有外陶瓷层的cmc - Google Patents

具有外陶瓷层的cmc Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108713007A
CN108713007A CN201780013833.3A CN201780013833A CN108713007A CN 108713007 A CN108713007 A CN 108713007A CN 201780013833 A CN201780013833 A CN 201780013833A CN 108713007 A CN108713007 A CN 108713007A
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cmc
component
ceramic
coating
layer
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阿尔图罗·弗洛勒斯伦特里亚
拉梅什·苏布拉马尼亚
尼尔斯·万德尔拉格
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C23C4/11—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

通过对必须接收TBC的CMC部分的表面进行切割，产生了粗糙表面，所述粗糙表面粗糙到足以对后续的陶瓷涂层具有良好的附着。

Description

具有外陶瓷层的CMC
本发明涉及用于CMC的陶瓷层。
基于氧化物的陶瓷基复合材料(CMC)提供比高温合金(约1273K)更高的温度能力(约1423K)和优异的抗氧化性。陶瓷材料的有限抗断裂性和损伤容限通过纤维增强而显著改善。
然而，这些OX-OX CMC的承载能力(机械强度)还受到晶粒生长和与基体的反应过程和/或1423K及更高的环境的限制。在烧制温度高达1873K至1973K的情况下，氧化物-氧化物CMC需要使CMC保持在1423K以上的热障涂层(TBC)。
因此，本发明的目的是克服上述提及的问题。
该任务通过根据权利要求1的具有TBC的CMC部件或具有包括TBC的CMC部分的部件来解决。
在以下从属权利要求中列出了另一些优点，其中从属权利要求的特征可以任意地彼此组合以产生进一步优点。
所提出的发明强调了用于更好的附着和紧急运行条件的热障涂层的工程构造。通过以下实现更好的附着：
(a)增加CMC与TBC之间的机械互锁，以及还
(b)减小CMC与TBC之间的热膨胀不匹配。只有当涂层可以集成到系统设计中时，CMC的全部潜能才可能被利用。
对于氧化物-氧化物CMC，通过FGI(Friable Graded Insulation，脆性分级绝缘)体系来实现热屏障的施加。将FGI与CMC一起共处理，然而，目前该涂覆体系所需的中空球不可商购。此外，预期涂层在高表面温度(1873K至1973K)下衰退的能力与基于氧化锆的材料的性能不匹配。
描述和附图仅为本发明的实例。
在未改性的CMC表面上施加等离子体喷涂涂层是不容易的。根据陶瓷纤维的局部宏观粗糙度和基体渗透特性，等离子体喷涂涂层的附着差。尝试了网格喷砂法以使表面粗糙化，但是没有效果。
因此，本发明提出了使用其上施加有陶瓷结合涂层的切割表面。
所提出的本发明的实施方案在等离子体喷涂涂层附着至CMC基底的能力方面提供了显著的改进。
该方法的关键优点是利用成本有效的热喷涂方法来沉积热障涂层和界面层(特别是致密的界面层)，其能够实现氧化铝、莫来石或任何合适的陶瓷材料的粗糙陶瓷结合涂层。
这些概念可应用于本领域技术人员已知的所有TBC组成：单层，8YSZ、20YSZ；双层，YSZ烧绿石、YSZ-48YSZ、YSZ-20YSZ；及其变型。
TBC附着的可靠性对于用以满足燃气涡轮热部段构件的CMC/TBC功能性而言至关重要。
附图示出了CMC部件4或包括CMC部分4的部件1。
部件1(优选地具有金属芯2)由CMC部分4保护。
CMC部分4或部件1是现有技术并且是公知的。
作为优选切割技术，优选地使用水束切割或激光束切割。通过该切割法，产生CMC部分4或CMC部件4的粗糙化表面10。
优选地，经加工的表面10是经垂直于CMC部件4或CMC部分4的纤维的纵向方向切割的。
在该粗糙表面10上优选地施加氧化铝或莫来石涂层，其优选为致密的且优选孔隙率低于5％。
可以使用显示出与外TBC层13和CMC的热膨胀相匹配的任何陶瓷材料。
优选地，使用等离子体喷涂涂层法来施加陶瓷涂层7、13。
因此，这样产生的陶瓷结合涂层7也具有宏观粗糙表面。
此外，外TBC层13优选地具有雕刻部11，所述雕刻部在施加TBC层13之后产生，特别地通过激光雕刻产生，或在诸如密集垂直裂纹TBC(DVC)(其也为现有技术)的生产期间产生。

Claims (6)

1.一种CMC部件(4)或
具有CMC部分(4)的部件(1)，
其中所述CMC部件(4)或具有CM部分(4)的部件(1)具有外表面(10)，
所述外表面(10)通过切割法产生，
特别是通过水束切割产生，
其中在该经加工的外表面(10)上施加有任何合适的陶瓷结合涂层(7)、氧化铝或莫来石结合涂层(7)，以及
其中在该陶瓷结合涂层(7)上存在不同于所述陶瓷结合涂层(7)的陶瓷热障涂层(13)作为最外层表面，
所述陶瓷热障涂层(13)在表面(16)中特别地具有雕刻部(11)，
所述雕刻部非常特别地通过激光产生。
2.根据权利要求1所述的CMC部件(4)或具有CMC部分(4)的部件(1)，
其中所述陶瓷结合涂层(7)通过等离子体喷涂产生。
3.根据权利要求1或2中的一项或两项所述的CMC部件(4)或具有CMC部分(4)的部件(1)，
其中所述陶瓷热障涂层(13)具有部分稳定氧化锆特别是YSZ的组成；
或者
具有如下的陶瓷双层体系：
底层的部分稳定氧化锆与外层的完全稳定氧化锆，
特别是8YSZ-20YSZ，
或
具有底层的部分稳定氧化锆(ZrO2)和作为陶瓷双层的最外层的烧绿石材料的陶瓷双层。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3中的一项或任一项所述的CMC部件(4)或具有CMC部分(4)的部件(1)，
其中所述经加工的外表面(10)是垂直于所述CMC部件(4)或CMC部分(4)的纤维的纵向方向切割的。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4中的一项或任一项所述的CMC部件(4)或具有CMC部分(4)的部件(1)，
其中外陶瓷屏障涂层(13)具有雕刻部(11)，
特别是通过激光制成的雕刻部。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5中的一项或任一项所述的CMC部件(4)或具有CMC部分(4)的部件(1)，具有致密的氧化铝、莫来石或陶瓷结合涂层(7)，特别地具有低于5％体积％的孔隙率。
CN201780013833.3A 2016-03-14 2017-01-27 具有外陶瓷层的cmc Pending CN108713007A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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EP16160157.0 2016-03-14
EP16160157.0A EP3219696A1 (en) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Cmc with outer ceramic layer
PCT/EP2017/051780 WO2017157557A1 (en) 2016-03-14 2017-01-27 Cmc with outer ceramic layer

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WO (1) WO2017157557A1 (zh)

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DE102017206063A1 (de) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Teil- und vollstabilisiertes Zirkonoxidpulver als keramische Schicht
EP3480011A1 (en) * 2017-11-02 2019-05-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method to create a good bonding between a free standing thermal barrier coating and a green cmc
US10738628B2 (en) * 2018-05-25 2020-08-11 General Electric Company Joint for band features on turbine nozzle and fabrication
US11459908B2 (en) * 2018-08-31 2022-10-04 General Electric Company CMC component including directionally controllable CMC insert and method of fabrication
EP4122904A3 (en) * 2021-07-23 2023-05-24 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Method of marking ceramic matrix composites and articles manufactured therefrom
GB202207827D0 (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-07-13 Rolls Royce Plc Method of forming protective coating and coated article comprising protective coating

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CN101400820A (zh) * 2006-03-09 2009-04-01 Mtu飞机发动机有限公司 用于制造热障层的方法和用于构件的热障层
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US20190062890A1 (en) 2019-02-28
EP3400204A1 (en) 2018-11-14
EP3219696A1 (en) 2017-09-20

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