CN108707953B - Magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoresis coating equipment - Google Patents
Magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoresis coating equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of coating equipment, in particular to magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating equipment which generates Lorentz force action on charged particles through a magnetic field and further greatly improves the uniformity and compactness of a coating on the surface of a material to be processed of a cathode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coating equipment, in particular to magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoresis coating equipment which can generate Lorentz force action on charged particles through a magnetic field so as to greatly improve the uniformity and compactness of a coating on the surface of a material to be processed of a cathode.
Background
The electrodeposition coating is a special coating film forming method, is only suitable for a water-based paint for electrodeposition coating which is different from a general paint, and is widely used particularly in the field of coating of automobile parts. The coating method is that the coated object with conductivity is immersed in a bath filled with electrophoretic coating material diluted by water and having relatively low concentration as anode or cathode, and the cathode or anode corresponding to the bath is set in the bath, and DC is applied between the two electrodes to deposit a uniform water-insoluble coating film on the coated object. The electrophoretic coating method can be divided into anodic electrophoretic coating and cathodic electrophoretic coating according to the polarity of the coated object and the type of electrophoretic coating, wherein the coated object of the cathodic electrophoretic coating is a cathode, and the adopted electrophoretic coating is a cationic type.
The electrophoretic coating equipment is usually required to be used, the electrophoretic equipment can be divided into a cathode and an anode according to the polarity of a workpiece to be processed, in addition, the electrophoretic coating equipment can be divided into single-anode electrophoresis and double-anode electrophoresis according to the requirement of the workpiece to be processed, and the equipment required by the cathodic electrophoretic coating, namely the cathodic electrophoretic coating equipment, generally comprises a main electrophoretic tank, a cathode structure, an anode structure, a filtering device with an auxiliary function, a heat exchange device, a polar night circulating system, a direct current pulse power supply, a replacement tank/a standby tank, a coating room, cleaning equipment and an ultrafiltration recovery device so as to adapt to different electrophoretic coating works.
However, in the prior art, when the double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating device adopted in the market is used for electrophoretic coating processing, because the electrophoresis direction of charged particles is directly directed to the cathode from the anode, a large amount of electrophoresis reaches the two sides of the workpiece to be processed, which face the anode, and then is deposited, the electrophoretic deposition effect generated in some small gaps to be processed is poor, the better electrophoretic deposition effect is generated only on the two sides of the workpiece to be processed, which face the anode, and the coating is thick, so that the problem of poor uniformity of the electrophoretic deposition coating on the whole surface to be processed of the workpiece to be processed is generated.
The chinese patent office disclosed an invention patent grant of an integrated horizontal gel electrophoresis device at 25/4/2012, with an authorization publication number of CN102423633A, and the device mainly comprises the following parts: the injection-molded horizontal electrophoresis device is provided with a gel groove between an anode groove and a cathode groove; the anode tank and the gel tank are separated by a first inner tank wall of the device, the inner tank wall is provided with a breakable fragile part, the cathode tank and the gel tank are separated by another inner tank wall of the device, and the inner tank wall is also provided with a breakable fragile part; electrophoresis buffer solution stored in the anode tank and the cathode tank; the bottom edge of the prefabricated gel in the gel tank is directly contacted with the bottom of the inner side of the electrophoresis tank mould; the gel tank, the anode tank and the cathode tank are combined together to form the ready-to-use integrated electrophoresis device. The electrophoresis device simplifies the treatment process and the operation steps of electrophoresis, improves the working efficiency, reduces the cost and avoids the time consumed by equipment cleaning and maintenance. But the improvement of the processing effect is not improved.
The chinese patent office also discloses an invention patent of an electrophoretic coating apparatus on 7/18/2012, and has an authorization publication number of CN102586840A, which provides an electrophoretic coating apparatus and an electrophoretic coating method capable of improving productivity of an electrophoretic process in which a plurality of vehicles are continuously fed into an electrophoretic bath by suppressing adhesion of foreign matters to a next vehicle or a vehicle behind. The electrophoretic coating device is configured to dip a vehicle in an electrophoretic fluid filled in an electrophoretic bath, and to perform electrophoretic coating while transporting the vehicle in the electrophoretic bath, and the electrophoretic coating device includes a stirring device configured to stir the electrophoretic fluid in the electrophoretic bath, and the stirring device includes at least: and a right side circulation system and a left side circulation system for discharging the electrophoretic fluid in different outputs from each other in a direction opposite to the conveyance direction of the object to be coated. The device is too large and complex, cannot be transformed on the conventional cathode electrophoretic coating equipment, needs to be provided with new equipment, has higher cost, adopts a mode of respectively carrying out electrophoretic coating on the left side surface and the right side surface to improve the uniformity of side coating, is difficult to ensure stable high-uniformity coating, and cannot improve the compactness of a coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating device which generates Lorentz force on charged particles through a magnetic field and further greatly improves the uniformity and compactness of a surface coating of a material to be processed of a cathode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a magnetic field formula double anode cathode electrophoresis application equipment, includes electrophoresis tank, cathode structure, with the conveyor of cathode structure cooperation and two anode structure that set up relatively in the electrophoresis tank, the electrophoresis tank bottom is equipped with magnetic field and takes place the mechanism.
The interaction between the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating mechanism and the electric fields generated by the cathode and the anode in the electrophoresis tank is utilized to make the charged particles moving from the anode to the cathode do complex curvilinear motion, firstly, the uniformly moving charged particles do uniform circular motion only under the action of the magnetic field, the motion radius mainly depends on the magnetic induction intensity and the motion speed of the charged particles, and when the electric field and the magnetic field are superposed in the electromagnetic field, the charged particles can do more complex curvilinear motion, and the Lorentz force F generated by the charged particlesIs determined by the charge q, the electric field strength E, the velocity v of the charged particles and the magnetic induction B, and has the formula: f ≡ q (E + v × B) where qE is the electric field force term and qvB is the magnetic field force term, the integral formula of this formula is: f ═ V (pE + J × B) dr where V is the volume of integration, p is the charge density, E is the electric field strength, J is the current density, B is the magnetic induction, dr is the minor element, the motion path of the charged particles can be better predicted from the integration formula, and therefore in the device provided by the invention, the integral formula is used for calculation, the magnetic induction intensity, the electric field intensity, the current density and other considered controllable data are set according to the position of the surface to be processed of the workpiece to be processed, the invention can ensure that the charged particles can be uniformly deposited on the surface to be processed of the workpiece to be processed, in addition, the magnetic field generating mechanism can be connected with a mechanism for finely adjusting the angle of the magnetic field generating mechanism, such as an inclined adjusting platform, an angle and displacement adjusting platform, an angle vertical adjusting mechanism and the like, so that the magnetic induction intensity direction generated by the magnetic field generating mechanism and the initial motion direction of the charged particles exist.
The charged particles make a spiral motion with a certain regular periodicity due to the existence of the angle difference, and the following three formulas can be further deduced by combining the formulas:
wherein R is the spiral radius, m is the charged particle mass, v is the charged particle linear velocity, θ is the angle between the magnetic induction direction and the initial motion direction of the charged particle, B is the magnetic induction, and q is the charge amount of the charged particle;
wherein T is the period of the helical motion, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the mass of the charged particle, B is the magnetic induction, q is the charge of the charged particle;
where h is the pitch, π is the circumference ratio, m is the charged particle mass, and v isThe linear velocity of the charged particles, theta is the included angle between the magnetic induction intensity direction and the initial motion direction of the charged particles, B is the magnetic induction intensity, and q is the charge quantity of the charged particles;
it can be seen from the above formula that if there is no structure for fine angle adjustment of the magnetic field generating mechanism, the value of the pitch h is 0, that is, the charged particles do a spiral motion with enlarged spiral radius in the plane layer when they are not blocked, and shoot at the surface of the workpiece to be processed at the cathode during the spiral motion.
The parameters are set according to the formula in combination with the cathode-anode distance and the position of the surface to be processed of the workpiece to be processed, so that highly stable and uniform electrophoretic coating on the surface to be processed of the workpiece to be processed can be realized.
Preferably, the magnetic field generating means generates a magnetic field by a permanent magnet.
The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet has the advantages of uniformity, stability, long-term constancy and low cost, but has the defect of difficult adjustment.
Preferably, the magnetic field generating mechanism generates a magnetic field by a conductive coil.
The magnetic field generated by the conductive coil is further optimized on the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so that the magnetic field generating device not only has the advantages of uniform and stable generated magnetic field and capability of keeping constant for a long time, but also has the advantages of convenience and adjustability of the magnetic field, easiness in control and further suitability for electrophoretic coating processing of workpieces to be processed under various conditions.
Preferably, the conductive coil is connected with an adjustable direct current pulse power supply or a constant adjustable direct current power supply.
The adjustable direct current pulse power supply generates a fluctuating magnetic field, the fluctuation range of the magnetic field is properly controlled, the electrophoresis coating processing of a complex workpiece to be processed can be completed only by once setting, the adjustable direct current pulse power supply can use the deposition of different charged particles in a complex electrophoresis system, the effect of preparing a multilayer coating by single electrophoresis coating processing can be realized, the constant adjustable direct current power supply can be used for quick processing, the adjustable direct current pulse power supply has higher processing efficiency compared with the adjustable direct current pulse power supply, and the coating compactness is slightly higher than the prepositive position.
Preferably, the cathode structure is provided with a first steering mechanism and a second steering mechanism, and a clamping part is fixedly connected to the front end of the first steering mechanism.
The clamping part is used for clamping a workpiece to be machined, or clamping and an auxiliary workpiece stably connected with the workpiece to be machined, the cylindrical first steering mechanism can rotate along the axis of the cylindrical first steering mechanism, the workpiece to be machined can be rotated when the workpiece to be machined is not completely immersed in electrophoresis liquid, all parts of the workpiece to be machined can be periodically immersed in the electrophoresis liquid for electrophoretic coating machining, the second steering mechanism can enable the workpiece to be machined to rotate on the inclined angle of the vertical surface, the workpiece to be machined in a special shape can be adjusted to a proper electrophoretic coating machining angle, and the convenience for installing the workpiece to be machined can be improved to a certain degree.
Preferably, the conveying device is characterized in that the conveying device adopts a double-track conveying crawler belt to realize the conveying of the anticathode structure.
The double-track conveying crawler belt has high conveying stability and mounting stability, and improves the conveying and processing processes of workpieces to be processed, so that the workpieces are not deviated, and the electrophoretic coating processing effect is not adversely affected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the charged particles can be uniformly electrophoresed to each surface of the workpiece to be processed under the action of Lorentz force, so that the outer surface of the workpiece to be processed is processed with high uniformity;
2) lorentz force enables charged particles to generate a spiral acceleration effect, and the compactness of the coating is improved;
3) different power supplies can be selected to connect the conductive coils, so that different electrophoretic coating effects are generated, and the convenience and controllability are realized;
4) the first steering mechanism and the second steering mechanism of the cathode can further improve the uniformity of electrophoretic coating processing, can enable some special-shaped workpieces to be processed to be adjusted to a proper electrophoretic coating processing angle, and can improve the convenience of workpiece installation to be processed to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the moving path of charged particles during the electrophoretic coating process of a conventional double anode cathode electrophoretic coating apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a moving path of charged particles generated during the electrophoretic coating process of the apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 electrophoresis tank, 101 magnetic field generating mechanism, 2 anode structure, 201 anode pole, 3 cathode structure, 301 clamping part, 302 first steering mechanism, 303 second steering mechanism, 4 workpiece to be processed, 401 coating processing and 5 conveying device.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating apparatus includes an electrophoresis tank 1, a cathode structure, a double-track transport crawler type conveying device 5 matched with the cathode structure, two anode structures 32 oppositely arranged in the electrophoresis tank 1, and a filtering device, a heat exchanging device, an extreme night circulating system, a direct current pulse power supply, a replacement tank/standby tank, a coating chamber, a cleaning device and an ultrafiltration recovery device which are conventionally arranged in a common cathode electrophoretic coating apparatus and have auxiliary functions, wherein the cathode structure is provided with a first steering mechanism 302 and a second steering mechanism 303, the front end of the first steering mechanism 302 is fixedly connected with a clamping part 301, the bottom of the electrophoresis tank 1 is provided with a magnetic field generating mechanism 101, and the bottom of the magnetic field generating mechanism 101 is provided with a magnetic field generating mechanism 101.
The magnetic field generating means 101 generates a magnetic field by a ferrite permanent magnet.
The magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating mechanism 101 is upward along the dotted line B in the figure as shown in fig. 2, and the generated magnetic induction is 0.55T. The three formulas for the helical motion of the charged particles are combined with the above data:
where R is the helix radius, m is the charged particle mass, v is the charged particle linear velocity, and θ is the magnetic induction direction and bandThe angle of an included angle of the initial motion direction of the charged particles, B is the magnetic induction intensity, and q is the charge quantity of the charged particles;
wherein T is the period of the helical motion, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the mass of the charged particle, B is the magnetic induction, q is the charge of the charged particle;
wherein h is a screw pitch, pi is a circumferential ratio, m is a charged particle mass, v is a charged particle linear velocity, theta is an included angle between a magnetic induction intensity direction and an initial motion direction of the charged particle, B is a magnetic induction intensity, and q is a charge amount of the charged particle; re-substitution into
Where q is the charge amount of the charged particles, E is the electric field intensity, L is the distance from the anode post 201 to the desired processing portion of the workpiece 4 to be processed, and m is the charged particle mass.
And then improve three formulas, get new three formulas:
wherein R is the spiral radius, E is the electric field intensity, L is the distance from the anode post 201 to the part to be processed of the workpiece 4 to be processed, theta is the angle of the included angle between the magnetic induction intensity direction and the initial motion direction of the charged particles, and B is the magnetic induction intensity;
wherein T is the period of the helical motion, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the mass of the charged particle, B is the magnetic induction, q is the charge of the charged particle;
wherein h is a pitch, pi is a circumferential ratio, E is an electric field strength, L is a distance from the anode pole 201 to a portion to be processed of the workpiece 4 to be processed, theta is an angle between a magnetic induction intensity direction and an initial movement direction of the charged particles, and B is a magnetic induction intensity。
And substituting the known data, measuring the distance from the anode column 201 to the required processing position of the workpiece 4 to be processed and the projection distance of the required processing position from the bottom end of the anode column 201, setting the distance as the spiral radius R, setting h to be 0 under the condition that an angle adjusting device is not arranged, and then starting the electrophoretic coating processing process. In the batch processing process, the electrophoretic coating processing with high speed and high quality can be realized only by ensuring that the mounting position of the workpiece 4 to be processed is kept relatively stable and each parameter is kept stable, wherein the moving path of the charged particles is similar to that shown by the dotted line A2 in fig. 4, and the electrophoretic coating 401 with uniform and dense height is formed on the surface and in the gap of the workpiece 4 to be processed. The replacement of the workpiece 4 to be machined only needs to be simply calculated again, and the electric field intensity is adjusted.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating apparatus includes an electrophoresis tank 1, a cathode structure, a double-track transport crawler type conveying device 5 matched with the cathode structure, two anode structures 32 oppositely arranged in the electrophoresis tank 1, and a filtering device, a heat exchanging device, an extreme night circulating system, a direct current pulse power supply, a replacement tank/standby tank, a coating chamber, a cleaning device and an ultrafiltration recovery device which are conventionally arranged in a common cathode electrophoretic coating apparatus and have auxiliary functions, wherein the cathode structure is provided with a first steering mechanism 302 and a second steering mechanism 303, the front end of the first steering mechanism 302 is fixedly connected with a clamping part 301, and the bottom of the electrophoresis tank 1 is provided with an inclined adjusting table for finely adjusting the angle of the magnetic field generating mechanism 101.
The magnetic field generating mechanism 101 is connected with a magnetic field generated by an adjustable direct current pulse power supply through a conductive coil.
The magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating mechanism 101 is upward along the dotted line B in the figure as shown in FIG. 2, and the generated magnetic induction intensity is 0.05-1.1T. The three formulas for the helical motion of the charged particles are combined with the above data:
where R is the radius of the helix, m is the mass of the charged particle, v is the linear velocity of the charged particle, and θ is the direction of magnetic induction andthe included angle of the initial motion direction of the charged particles, B is the magnetic induction intensity, and q is the charge quantity of the charged particles;
wherein T is the period of the helical motion, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the mass of the charged particle, B is the magnetic induction, q is the charge of the charged particle;
wherein h is a screw pitch, pi is a circumferential ratio, m is a charged particle mass, v is a charged particle linear velocity, theta is an included angle between a magnetic induction intensity direction and an initial motion direction of the charged particle, B is a magnetic induction intensity, and q is a charge amount of the charged particle; re-substitution into
Where q is the charge amount of the charged particles, E is the electric field intensity, L is the distance from the anode post 201 to the desired processing portion of the workpiece 4 to be processed, and m is the charged particle mass.
And then improve three formulas, get new three formulas:
wherein R is the spiral radius, E is the electric field intensity, L is the distance from the anode post 201 to the part to be processed of the workpiece 4 to be processed, theta is the angle of the included angle between the magnetic induction intensity direction and the initial motion direction of the charged particles, and B is the magnetic induction intensity;
wherein T is the period of the helical motion, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the mass of the charged particle, B is the magnetic induction, q is the charge of the charged particle;
wherein h is a pitch, pi is a circumferential ratio, E is an electric field strength, L is a distance from the anode pole 201 to a portion to be processed of the workpiece 4 to be processed, theta is an angle between a magnetic induction intensity direction and an initial motion direction of the charged particles, and B is a magnetic induction intensityAnd (4) degree.
And substituting known data, measuring the distance from the anode column 201 to the required processing part of the workpiece 4 to be processed and the projection distance from the required processing part to the bottom end of the anode column 201, setting the distance as a spiral radius R, adjusting h according to requirements under the condition that an inclined adjusting table is arranged, and then starting the electrophoretic coating processing process. In the batch processing process, the electrophoretic coating processing with high speed and high quality can be realized only by ensuring that the mounting position of the workpiece 4 to be processed is kept relatively stable and each parameter is kept stable, wherein the moving path of the charged particles is similar to that shown by the dotted line A2 in fig. 4, and the electrophoretic coating 401 with uniform and dense height is formed on the surface and in the gap of the workpiece 4 to be processed. The replacement of the workpiece 4 to be machined only needs to be simply calculated again, and the electric field intensity is adjusted.
Comparative example
The electrocoating process is carried out with a commercially available conventional double anode cathodic electrocoating equipment, the charged particles moving along a path shown by a1 dotted line in fig. 3, which produces a thicker and more uniform electrocoating layer 401 only on both sides of the workpiece 4 to be processed in the direction toward the anode structure 32.
Detection of
The electrophoretic coating process of the steering wheel of the automobile is taken as an example, the same coating raw materials are adopted, and the coatings prepared by the cathodic electrophoretic process of the examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example are detected, and the results are as follows:
the thickness detection is obtained by taking the average value after 20 times of measurement, and the electrophoretic coating processing effect of the magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating equipment is obviously better than that of the common double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating equipment in the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. A magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoresis coating device comprises an electrophoresis tank, a cathode structure, a conveying device matched with the cathode structure and two anodes oppositely arranged in the electrophoresis tankThe structure is characterized in that a magnetic field generating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the electrophoresis tank; the cathode structure is provided with a first steering mechanism and a second steering mechanism, and the front end of the first steering mechanism is fixedly connected with a clamping part; when the charged particles move in an electromagnetic field formed by superposing an electric field and a magnetic field, the charged particles can do more complex curvilinear motion;
where R is the helix radius, m is the charged particle mass, v is the charged particle linear velocity,
is the angle between the magnetic induction intensity direction and the initial motion direction of the charged particles, B is the magnetic induction intensity, and q is the charge amount of the charged particles;
where T is the period of the helical motion, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the charged particle mass, B is the magnetic induction, and q is the charge of the charged particle;
where h is the pitch, π is the circumferential ratio, m is the charged particle mass, v is the charged particle linear velocity,
is the angle between the magnetic induction direction and the initial motion direction of the charged particles, B is the magnetic induction, and q is the charge of the charged particles.
2. The magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generating mechanism generates the magnetic field by a permanent magnet.
3. The magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generating mechanism generates the magnetic field through a conductive coil.
4. The magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating device according to claim 3, wherein the conductive coil is connected with an adjustable direct current pulse power supply or a constant adjustable direct current power supply.
5. The magnetic field type double-anode cathode electrophoretic coating equipment according to the claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the conveying device adopts a double-track conveying crawler belt to realize the conveying of the cathode structure.
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| CN103215631A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-24 | 清华大学 | Driving-redundancy automobile coating conveyor |
| CN104088002A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-08 | 江西科技师范大学 | Preparation device and method of composite coating |
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| CN101144967B (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2011-04-06 | 武汉立胜超滤科技发展有限公司 | Electrophoresis coating method and whole set apparatus for pattern transfer of positive electrophoresis coating on printing board |
| CN102925937B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-07-01 | 上海大学 | Method and device for continuously preparing high-silicon steel ribbon under magnetic field |
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| CN103215631A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-24 | 清华大学 | Driving-redundancy automobile coating conveyor |
| CN104088002A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-08 | 江西科技师范大学 | Preparation device and method of composite coating |
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