CN108701988B - Protection of reverse-polarity protection-metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors by EMK-measurement - Google Patents
Protection of reverse-polarity protection-metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors by EMK-measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN108701988B CN108701988B CN201780010692.XA CN201780010692A CN108701988B CN 108701988 B CN108701988 B CN 108701988B CN 201780010692 A CN201780010692 A CN 201780010692A CN 108701988 B CN108701988 B CN 108701988B
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- Prior art keywords
- intermediate circuit
- voltage
- reverse
- final stage
- motor
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
- H02H11/003—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection using a field effect transistor as protecting element in one of the supply lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/0481—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures
- B62D5/0484—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures for reaction to failures, e.g. limp home
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage comprising means to limit the absorbed power or indicate damaged over-voltage protection device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The description includes an apparatus for steering a vehicle, the apparatus comprising: a final stage (3, 4) for actuating the electric motor (1, 2); an intermediate circuit for supplying the final stage (3, 4) with electrical energy, wherein the intermediate circuit has an intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3); a disconnecting switch (8, 9) for disconnecting the final stage (3, 4) from the steering device; and a reverse-polarity protection (7) for preventing a supply voltage (5) from being connected in reverse to the final stage (3, 4), wherein the device generates a pulse at a high intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) for closing the reverse-polarity protection (7).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a device for steering a vehicle and a method for avoiding damage to a reverse polarity protector of a steering apparatus of a vehicle.
Background
Known in the prior art are: circuit breakers and switches are used as reverse polarity protectors. These power switches may be constructed in particular as metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (mosfets).
Summary of the invention
A circuit breaker is particularly necessary in order to switch off the individual electric motors or the control devices of the electric motors of the steering system. Thus, although an electric motor or a servo motor of the steering system stops operating, a steering capability can be maintained. However, turning off the servomotor may result in a high motor force or power (e.g., turning off the inductance). The force of the electric motor can exceed the voltage strength of the respective circuit breaker, which can lead to damage of the circuit breaker. Further power switches, in particular reverse polarity protectors, may also be damaged.
The task is therefore: an apparatus is provided that provides protection to a reverse polarity protector from high motor forces.
As a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for steering a vehicle, the apparatus including: a final stage for actuating the electric motor, an intermediate circuit for supplying the final stage with electric energy, a disconnecting switch for disconnecting the final stage from the steering device, and a reverse polarity protection device, wherein the intermediate circuit has an intermediate circuit voltage and the reverse polarity protection device is used for preventing the supply voltage from being connected to the final stage in a reverse manner, wherein the device generates a pulse for closing the reverse polarity protection device when the intermediate circuit voltage is high.
As a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for avoiding damage to a reverse polarity protector of a steering device of a vehicle, including the steps of: measuring an intermediate circuit voltage of a bridge circuit of the servomotor; comparing the intermediate circuit voltage with a comparison voltage; and if the intermediate circuit voltage is greater than the comparison voltage, a first measure is performed.
Exemplary embodiments are set forth in the dependent claims.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a device is provided, in which the reverse polarity protection is designed as a mosfet, and the intrinsic body diode of the mosfet is directed against the intermediate circuit voltage.
If the intrinsic body diode of the mosfet is directed against the forces of a possible electric motor, the intrinsic body diode is connected in the blocking direction. In this case, the force or power of the electric motor is located above the mosfet. If the force of the motor exceeds the voltage strength of the mosfet, the mosfet is damaged. In particular, reverse polarity protectors in the form of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors may be damaged. In particular, when the energy field of the inductance of the electric motor of the steering device is eliminated, the force of the electric motor can generate the intermediate circuit voltage. The servo motor corresponds to the electric motor.
In a further embodiment according to the invention, a device is provided in which the intrinsic body diode of the disconnection switch is constructed in the direction of the intermediate circuit voltage.
The mosfets of the disconnection switch are connected such that their internal body diodes are connected in the direction of force applied to the motor.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a device is provided, wherein the device has a circuit for comparing an intermediate circuit voltage with a reference voltage, wherein the circuit generates a pulse for closing the reverse polarity protector if the intermediate circuit voltage is greater than the reference voltage.
In another embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus wherein if the circuit generates a pulse to close the reverse polarity protector, then an intermediate circuit voltage is applied across a capacitor or power supply.
By switching on a discharge possibility (endbrand gleichkey), the force of the motor can be eliminated, for example, based on the inductance of the servomotor, without damaging the components.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided wherein the first measure is to turn on the power switch of the reverse polarity protector.
One idea that may be seen as the invention is: an electric circuit is provided which detects the force of the servomotor and/or of the electric motor of the final stage of the steering device. After a high motor force is determined, which would lead to damage to the opened circuit breaker, the respective circuit breaker is closed. Damage to the power switch can thereby be prevented. In particular, it can be ensured that: the force of the motor is unloaded on the power supply.
The individual features can of course also be combined with one another, whereby advantageous effects can also occur in part, which exceed the sum of the individual effects.
Brief description of the drawings
Further details and advantages of the invention are apparent from the embodiments shown in the drawings. The figures show:
FIG. 1 is a circuit with a high motor force detection circuit, and;
fig. 2 has a flow chart of a method according to the invention.
Detailed description of exemplary embodiments
Fig. 1 shows two servomotors or electric motors 1, 2 of a steering system of a vehicle. Each phase e1, e2, e3 of the motors 1, 2 is operated by a half bridge. The half-bridge of the motor is the final stage 3, 4 of the motor. The intermediate circuit voltages V2, V3 are applied across the half bridge. If the half bridge is switched off, for example, as a result of a disturbance of the motor 1, 2 in question or of the bridge circuit, a very high intermediate circuit voltage V2, V3 results as a result of the force of the motor. The force of the motor can lead to damage of the respective circuit breakers 8, 9 and/or of the reverse polarity protector 7. The mosfet of the reverse polarity protection device is particularly jeopardized, since the intrinsic body diode of the mosfet is connected in the blocking direction with respect to the force of the electric motor. According to the invention, a circuit 6 is provided which measures the intermediate circuit voltages V2, V3 at the bridge circuit, for example by comparison with a predefined reference voltage V1. If the intermediate circuit voltage V2, V3 exceeds the reference voltage V1, this is recognized and the reverse polarity protection 7 is switched on. In this way, the force of the electric motor can be discharged at the power source 5. The reverse polarity protector 7 and/or the disconnection switches 8, 9 can be designed as mosfets.
Fig. 1 shows the circuit breakers 8, 9 with their internal body diodes 13 and the reverse polarity protection 7 with its internal body diode 14. If a high EMK (motor force or power) of the electric motor 1 occurs, the disconnection switch 8 is connected in the direction of passage via its body diode 13. However, the reverse polarity protector 7 is not connected in the flow direction because the body diode 14 is arranged in the blocking direction. When the EMK is high, a pulse must therefore be sent through the circuit 6 to the reverse polarity protector 7, thus turning on said reverse polarity protector 7. Otherwise, too high a voltage drops across the reverse polarity protector 7, which voltage may lead to destruction of said reverse polarity protector. After the reverse polarity protection is switched on, the EMK of the electric motor 1 drops at the disconnecting switch 8 and at the reverse polarity protection 7, as a result of which a division of the EMK between the two power switches is achieved.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart with a measuring process, in which the intermediate circuit voltage 10 of the half bridge is determined. The intermediate circuit voltage is compared 11 with a reference voltage. If it is found that: if the intermediate circuit voltage is greater than the comparison voltage, then the following is assumed according to the invention: there is a high motor force which can be harmful for the corresponding circuit breaker and/or reverse polarity protector. In this case, a first measure can be initiated, which leads to the force of the electric motor being limited or eliminated or distributed to a plurality of electronic components, in particular mosfets. By distributing the force of the motor it is possible to achieve: the voltage strength of the individual components is not exceeded.
It must be noted that: the term "comprising" does not exclude additional elements or method steps and, likewise, the terms "a" and "an" do not exclude a plurality of elements or steps.
The reference signs used are only used for increasing the comprehension and should in no way be regarded as limiting, the scope of the invention being described by the claims.
List of reference numerals:
1, a motor;
2, a motor;
3, a final stage;
4 final stage;
5, a power supply;
6, a circuit;
7 reversed polarity protector (Verpolschutz) as power switch;
8 a cut-off switch as a power switch of the first motor;
9 a cut-off switch as a power switch of the second motor;
10 measuring the intermediate circuit voltage;
11 comparing the intermediate circuit voltage with a comparison voltage/reference voltage;
12 switching on the reverse polarity protector;
13 a body diode internal to the mosfet/power switch;
14 a body diode internal to the mosfet/power switch;
a first phase of the e1 motor;
e2 second phase of the motor;
e3 third phase of the motor;
a V1 reference voltage;
v2 intermediate circuit voltage of the first motor;
v3 intermediate circuit voltage of the second motor;
the voltage of V4 on the disconnect switch of the first motor;
the voltage of V5 on the disconnect switch of the second motor;
the voltage of V6 across the reverse polarity protector.
Claims (10)
1. Apparatus for steering a vehicle, comprising:
a final stage (3, 4) for actuating an electric motor (1, 2);
an intermediate circuit for supplying the final stage (3, 4) with electrical energy, wherein the intermediate circuit has an intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3);
a disconnecting switch (8, 9) for disconnecting the final stage (3, 4) from the steering device; and
a reverse polarity protector (7) for preventing a supply voltage from being connected to the final stages (3, 4) in a reverse manner,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the device generates a pulse at a high intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) for closing the reverse-polarity protection device (7), wherein the device has a circuit (6) for comparing the intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) with a reference voltage (V1), and wherein the circuit (6) generates a pulse for closing the reverse-polarity protection device (7) if the intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) is greater than the reference voltage (V1), as a result of which the motor force of the electric motor (1, 2) and/or the motor force of the final stage (3, 4) is distributed to the circuit breaker (8, 9) and the reverse-polarity protection device (7).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the high intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) is caused by the motor force of the electric motor (1, 2) and/or the motor force of the final stage (3, 4).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the high intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) is caused by the motor force of the electric motor (1, 2) and/or of the final stage (3, 4) when the electric motor (1, 2) and/or the final stage (3, 4) is switched off.
4. A device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the reverse polarity protector is constructed as a power switch and the body diode inherent to the power switch is connected in the blocking direction with respect to the motor force.
5. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the disconnection switch (8, 9) is constructed as a power switch and that the intrinsic body diode of the disconnection switch (8, 9) is connected in the direction of passage with respect to the motor force.
6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the closed state of the reverse polarity protector (7) the intermediate circuit voltage (V2, V3) is applied across a capacitor or a power supply (5).
7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the capacitor or the power source (5) is used to eliminate the motor force.
8. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pulse for closing the reverse polarity protector (7) is used to avoid damage to the reverse polarity protector (7).
9. Method for avoiding damage to a reverse polarity protector of an apparatus for steering a vehicle, wherein the apparatus comprises:
a final stage (3, 4) for actuating the electric motor (1, 2);
an intermediate circuit for supplying the final stages (3, 4) with electrical energy;
a disconnecting switch (8, 9) for disconnecting the final stage (3, 4) from the steering device; and
a reverse polarity protector (7) for preventing a supply voltage from being connected to the final stages (3, 4) in a reverse manner,
the method comprises the following steps:
measuring the intermediate circuit voltage;
comparing (11) the intermediate circuit voltage with a comparison voltage; and
if the intermediate circuit voltage is greater than the comparison voltage, a first measure is performed,
wherein the first measure is to close a power switch of the reverse polarity protector,
wherein the first measure results in that the motor force of the electric motor (1, 2) and/or the motor force of the final stage (3, 4) is limited, eliminated or distributed to a plurality of electronic components.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the intermediate circuit is configured as a bridge circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016102264.0A DE102016102264A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | MOSFET protection by EKM measurement |
| DE102016102264.0 | 2016-02-10 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/051468 WO2017137254A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-01-25 | Protection of a polarity reversal protection mosfet by electromotive force measurement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108701988A CN108701988A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
| CN108701988B true CN108701988B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
Family
ID=57914960
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780010692.XA Active CN108701988B (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-01-25 | Protection of reverse-polarity protection-metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors by EMK-measurement |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108701988B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016102264A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017137254A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108189906A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-22 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | Electric boosting steering system and its anti-towing astern method |
| DE102022210645A1 (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2024-04-11 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Electrical circuit for protecting semiconductor switches in high-voltage networks |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101903843A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-12-01 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | Inductive load driving circuit |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE59600163D1 (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-05-28 | Siemens Ag | Reverse polarity protection circuit arrangement |
| DE19941489A1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Protection circuit for a series connection of power semiconductor output stage and inductive consumer |
| TWI294715B (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2008-03-11 | O2Micro Int Ltd | Secondary battery protection circuit with over voltage transient protection, battery pack and electronic device using the same |
| JP4305875B2 (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2009-07-29 | 富士通テン株式会社 | Power control circuit and electronic control device having power control circuit |
| DE102008050543A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Protection circuit for a DC link of an inverter, in particular a solar inverter, against overvoltages |
| DE102010042522A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh | Method for operating e.g. permanent-magnet synchronous motor for power steering of motor car, involves setting pulse pattern to electric motor for producing flow of current, which is higher than rated current of electric motor |
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2016
- 2016-02-10 DE DE102016102264.0A patent/DE102016102264A1/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-01-25 CN CN201780010692.XA patent/CN108701988B/en active Active
- 2017-01-25 WO PCT/EP2017/051468 patent/WO2017137254A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101903843A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-12-01 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | Inductive load driving circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102016102264A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
| WO2017137254A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
| CN108701988A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
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