CN108700393A - Heat exchanger with the flowing that tube bank and shell and shell side are improved with efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

It describes a kind of heat exchanger, including parallel arranged multiple pipes and is axially inserted into the tube bank of one or more of shell to be formed.The first fluid supplied by one or more first entrance nozzles flow in shell in Bottomhole pressure and the second fluid that is supplied by least one second entrance nozzle will pass through the wall of pipe and first fluid progress heat exchange.Be formed with two or more baffles inside housings, baffle relative to shell central axis upright arrange.The corresponding window being made of the cross section in the channel for second fluid is limited between each baffle and the inner wall of shell, the window has the through direction of the central axis and pipe that are parallel to shell, and is defined by the free edge of corresponding baffle on side and defined on another side by the in-profile of shell in the intersection of the plane of shell and baffle.The cross section is constant and consistent with each other with i.e. all interior angles of rectangular shape.Each baffle has rectangular shape.Each window has rectangular shape and without pipe.

Description

Heat exchanger with the flowing that tube bank and shell and shell side are improved with efficiency

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to a kind of heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, is more particularly to tube bank and shell The geometry of three feature members of heat exchanger, that is to say, that wherein in the shell that shell side generates fluid channel The geometry of the geometry of portion part, laterally board-like baffle, and the pipe of extension in being not located at window itself The geometry of so-called " window " in the case of particular configuration (so-called " no window of tube " constructs).

Background technology

Heat exchanger with tube bank and shell is hot main with being transmitted between two kinds of fluids at different temperatures The equipment of function.The heat exchanger is constituted by restraining, which is usually made of the material with high thermal conductivity, and is located in It is substantially cylindrical and be referred to as inside the receiver of shell.Tube bank can have single channel or multiple channels in pipe side. Both of these case can be manufactured with straight tube, and the open end of straight tube is fixed to and is known as by welding or mechanical swelling (rolling expands) On two perforated plates of tube sheet (label 34 in attached drawing).The geometry in particular of closed head will generate single channel and multiple channels Between difference.However, the binary channels construction of most common pipe side is (non-straight by using so-called " hair clip " pipe or " u "-shaped pipe Pipe) and generate, wherein two open ends of each pipe are fixed to same tube sheet.Between two kinds of fluids with different temperatures into Row heat exchange, and between them without any mixing:First fluid (" pipe side ") in pipe flows, and with opposite outside pipe The second fluid of side (" shell side ") flowing keeps physical separation (to be not directly contacted with, but only connect indirectly by pipe exchange surface It touches).It is equipped with one or more baffles inside housings, be used to support pipe and controls the main flow side of the fluid flowed in the housing To.

Figure 1A shows the critical piece of the heat exchanger 10 with tube bank 12 and shell 14, for simplicity, reference In shell side with single fluid channel and in specific configuration of the pipe side with single fluid channel.The fluid of pipe side passes through first Inlet nozzle 16 is introduced into heat exchanger 10, is flowed back in the distributor chamber 18 being formed in inside fore head 20, and usually with equal Amount distribute in each pipe, hot concurrent flow is exchanged with another fluid (shell side) via the surface of pipe itself to be formed. Therefore, fluid is assembled in the chamber 22 in the exit of pipe, and is discharged from heat exchanger 10 via first outlet nozzle 26, room 22 As collector and it is formed in inside occiput 24.

The fluid of shell side is introduced by second entrance nozzle 28 in heat exchanger 10, and with the stream in Bottomhole pressure Body exchanges heat, and fluid is flowed by controlled process on the outer surface of pipe itself.This controlled process is mainly by shell The geometry of body 14, the geometry of one or more suitable Internal baffles 30 and positioning and tube bank relative to shell 14 The positioning of 12 pipe applies.Once the stroke contacted with pipe terminates, the fluid of shell side is by second outlet nozzle 32 from shell Body 14 itself is discharged.

With reference to the extending direction of tube bank 12, baffle 30 can be lateral type for example shown in FIG. 1, or such as Fig. 2A Longitudinal type shown in (two fluid channels of shell side), Fig. 2 B (shunting) and Fig. 2 C (double split flow).Manufacture these baffles 30 Material can be metal or plastic type.Transverse baffle is divided into board-like baffle (" plate baffle ", Fig. 1) and axial-flow type baffle (" axis Flow baffle "), such as rod baffle shown in Fig. 3 A-3C (" rod baffle ").Plate baffle is usual most common baffle, with Increase the turbulent flow of fluid and obtains the heat exchange coefficient of bigger.Axial-flow type baffle is for wherein reducing the Guan Zhen caused by flowing In dynamic important application.

As illustrated in figures 4 a-4e, plate baffle can have in the window with or without the single section of pipe, can have Multiple sections, or can be the form of disk 30A and perforated disc 30B (" circular baffle plate and ring baffle ").Single hop baffle (Fig. 4 A and It 4B) is obtained by cutting a part of (generally circular section of form) from circular slab, and (180 °) group in an alternating fashion Inside shell 14, to generate wavy fluid form.The stream standard is perpendicular between two adjacent screens 30 Pipe in center, and its (being parallel to pipe) (Fig. 1) generally axial in the area for passing through window 36.

In the present specification, term " window " 36 is intended to be interpreted as the cross section of fluid channel, has and is parallel to shell 14 and pipe axis through direction, and in side by the free edge 38 of corresponding baffle 30 (in the inner wall of shell 14 Also referred to as " notch " or without constrained edge) define, in the other side in the region that shell 14 intersects with baffle 30 plane of itself It is defined by the in-profile of shell 14.The type of each baffle 30, its geometry, the quantity of used baffle 30 and its Positioning in shell 14, and the cross section of each window 36 geometry and size, local heat exchange coefficient (and because This average total heat in entire exchange surface exchanges) and overall presure drop in terms of to tool in terms of the fluid dynamics of the fluid of shell side There is relative influence.

The pipe of the layout (laterally " pitch " and longitudinal " pitch ") of quantity and pipe for diameter, pipe with scheduled pipe Beam 12, in order to make the overall performance level of the heat exchange of tube bank 12 maximize, the case where using shell 14 of circular cross section Under, from the prior art as can be seen that optimum configuration is baffle 30 with the transverse plate with single section and does not have in window 36 There is the construction of pipe.This configuration ensures that the high heat exchange coefficient of shell side, and the operation of all pipes has discrete uniform, Because all pipes all exchange heat so that have substantially orthogonal to that direction (" wrong by their fluid stream in shell side Stream ").However, such case is generated with the construction for providing pipe in window 36.In second construction, pipe is in this way A kind of mode exchanges heat, i.e., fluid stream therethrough has direction (" concurrent flow ") mainly parallel with pipe itself, especially exists In the area of adjacent windows 36.Second heat-exchanging structure generates the exchange coefficient smaller than the exchange coefficient of the first heat-exchanging structure. There is no the second advantage of the construction of pipe to be related to the cross section bigger by the fluid channel of of window 36 itself in window 36, to Ensure the pressure drop smaller of the fluid stream of same volume.

In the present specification, tube bank in " cross-flow " of shell side liquid of the term between two adjacent screens is passed through The geometry of cross section is intended to be understood to the secondary fluid by tube bank in the transverse cross-sectional area perpendicular to flow direction Channel effective area, the transverse cross-sectional area be located at extend through same a line pipe axis plane in.Therefore aisle spare It is the net area of pipe.Term " row " is intended to be interpreted as arranging every group of pipe in the same row.

In order to simplify the understanding to attached drawing, shortening specification, and the specified arrangement for pipe need not be always defined, or Person need not define the given crosswise " pitch " for indicating to belong to the distance between two axis of pipe of same a line and indicate prolonging Extend through the specific of the plane of the axis of a line pipe and the distance between the parallel plane of axis of pipe for extending through adjacent rows (there is different definition but the element with meaning identical with meaning provided herein) in longitudinal " pitch ", in shell in the literature The above-mentioned definition for the geometry for passing through cross section restrained in " cross-flow " of the fluid of side will be understood to effective always.

Similarly, " geometry " or " shape " for passing through cross section restrained in term " cross-flow " is in this case not Refer to by multiple small disconnected rectangular sections in conjunction with and general effective geometry for generating, and refer to by extending through particular row The plane of the axis of pipe in pipe intersect with the plane on the surface of shell (or any internal partition) and two adjacent screens and The cross section of generation.It makes it easier to describe and understand solution according to prior art with the section for simplifying geometry With by present invention introduces solution between difference.

Do not have the construction of pipe in window 36 one that can be established in some specific applications it is possible the disadvantage is that, Once the size of shell 14 is fixed, then the maximum quantity of the pipe that can be used can be with less than in the construction with pipe in window 36 The maximum quantity used.In some cases, flat for logarithm between two kinds of fluids although total heat exchange coefficient is larger The fixed difference of equal temperature, in not having the construction of pipe in window 36, since the heat exchange surface reduction that can be used (can use Pipe maximum quantity it is less), the maximum total capacity of heat exchanger 10 might be less that the construction with pipe is most in window 36 Big total capacity.This defect limit do not have in window 36 construction of pipe it is preferable to use fields, this often means that with pipe Relevant cost is that the construction is used in the case of prime cost project.

The present invention is preferably but not exclusively to the application freezed for air-conditioning and for process in industrial refrigeration field In dry expansion evaporator.In such applications, the main purpose for developing new heat-exchange device is to be equipped with these devices Refrigeration unit in terms of it is energy saving.In order to realize the purpose, the heat exchange for attempting to improve heat exchanger to the maximum extent is imitated Rate, main using the pipe with the exchange surface for increasing and optimizing, cost is in addition to the no doubt important ratio depending on material Further include the proportional parts that technological know-how is returned in terms of application and production except part.In such applications, with pipe directly and The cost of indirect correlation is prime cost, for this purpose, developing new one of the target of heat exchanger designs based on certain types of pipe It is to increase overall heat exchange coefficient, so as to minimize the quantity of the pipe for specific heat demand.

What is used in application for air-conditioning and for the process refrigeration in industrial refrigeration field has tube bank and shell Dry expansion evaporator is strictly associated with the main purpose to work with high heat exchanger effectiveness, and the typical case of this dry expansion evaporator asks Topic is that uniform/uniform heat exchange conditions are generated for all pipes so that the cryogenic fluid of heat is exchanged in pipe in scheduled heating power It is discharged from pipe under the conditions of, and is which type of is unrelated with pipe.Particularly, with screw compressor, scroll compressor In the application of the refrigeration system of machine or piston compressor, for the cryogenic fluid being discharged from evaporator, in order to be subsequently introduced into The entrance of compressor, it is desirable that it is in superheated steam state.In general, superheat value is about the 5K (desirable values measured with Kelvin Usually change between 7K in 3K), wherein term superheat value is intended to be interpreted as the sensible temperature of steam and steam at measurement position The difference between saturation temperature under pressure.It is that most important (purpose is not to make liquid for the reliability of system to keep this state State refrigerant returns to the entrance of compressor, and presence may damage compressor itself), therefore, the refrigeration stream at suction port of compressor This value of the degree of superheat of the steam of body is the control parameter for controlling entire unit by expansion valve and controller.It is practical On, the flowing for the cryogenic fluid that expansion valve control is flowed in refrigerating circuit is desired to be obtained in the exit of evaporator Superheat value.

In general, generating the progress of the oscillation with the amplitude controlled (overheat of steam) near desired value, the desired value " set point " is used as by the controller of valve.In general, there are the operations of larger oscillation around the set-point value of amplitude controlled Under the conditions of, generate larger decline relative to the efficiency with the operating condition compared with small oscillation, heat exchange.The fact that derived from it is expected The non-linear property of heat exchange phenomenon around operating point.

One of the characteristic of stream being discharged from evaporator is the uniformity characteristics of stream itself, and the characteristic can help specific control Oscillation of system (thermal expansion valve with the multiple controllers) processing with the reduction amplitude around setting value processed.In non-homogeneous temperature Steam stream under degree, even if in the exit of any pipeline there are in the case of drop, it actually may also be to temperature sensor Correct measurement generate damaging influence, to cause system so-called " pendulum " type operation, it is characterised in that largely The oscillation of upper overheat, so as to cause loss in efficiency.One of the method for above-mentioned uniform operation for obtaining all pipes is, in addition to Except the inlet of pipe is using the method for effective cryogenic fluid distribution system, in shell side using the design of heat exchanger to produce The method of the heat exchange uniformity of raw all pipes.

It is usually used in application for air-conditioning and for the process refrigeration in industrial refrigeration field that there is tube bank and shell The Second Problem of the dry expansion evaporator of body is the fluid in pipe side in multi-circuit configuration of the quantity in circuit more than two In the case of efficiency.In such applications, the usually used heat exchanger configuration with tube bank and shell is always with cylinder The construction of shape shell, wherein the positioning relative to nozzle in shell side, the lateral plate baffle with single section is oriented to make Shell side fluid encountered simultaneously in an alternating fashion during it is by " cross-flow " of tube bank multiple circuits (referring to Fig. 5 A, Tool is there are three the construction and Fig. 5 B in circuit, and there are four the constructions in circuit for tool).

These circuits are configured to non-symmetrical geometries, because attempting to be arranged to have in this way by different circuits Geometry, that is, allow use sufficiently large cryogenic fluid drain connector, without bringing prodigious loss in efficiency.These Caused by loss in efficiency is the pressure drop due to fluid during passing through these drain connectors.With used refrigeration stream Body becomes more sensitive to pressure drop, these loss in efficiency become higher.Size limitation to these drain connectors is due to not It is difficult and application with being assembled caused by the physical interference between the connector in circuit.

Geometry itself (referring to Fig. 6) due to circuit uses similar or identical time with symmetric geometry Road will need drain connector using cryogenic fluid with a smaller size, wherein the fluid of the circuit and shell side is with right Claim and uniform mode " cross-flow " intersected, that is to say, that each flow sections of the shell side with even speed every time with individually The pipe in circuit exchanges heat in an uniform manner.Usually used solution (solution of Fig. 5 a and 5B) is related to partly filling out In the case of filling operation, that is, when one or more circuits are deactivated, efficiency significantly reduce the problem of.In these situations Under, the fluid stream of shell side exchanges heat in a manner of asymmetric/heterogeneous with the part on the surface of active heat exchangers, to produce Raw loss in efficiency.

Another problem of pipe side multiloop application relates to the fact that, i.e., sometimes for allowing using having bigger ruler The very little drain connector for cryogenic fluid, selection are had using the construction with lateral plate baffle, the transverse plate baffle The single section of pipe is carried in window (referring to Fig. 7).In addition to having negative effect to the pressure drop of its total exchange coefficient and shell side Outside, relative to the solution without pipe in window, the solution also add operate between various circuits it is additional not Uniformity.Some circuits (innermost circuit) can essentially work under the conditions of pure " cross-flow " of shell side, and other times Road (" cross-flow "/" concurrent flow ") can be worked under mixing condition with lower efficiency.With the identical of symmetric geometry Also it will produce this damage in the case of circuit (referring to Fig. 8).

The known heat exchanger with tube bank and the shell equipped with circular baffle plate from the prior art.Most common embodiment Using the cylindrical shell with the lateral plate baffle with single section, pipe is with or without in window.Fixed baffle The form of window is the window for having circle segments.Similar embodiment is shown in Fig. 5 A, 5B, 6,7 and 8.

Document WO98/08031 Al propose a kind of heat exchanger, which is equipped with circular baffle plate, which has Single section with double square cutouts.In fact, the heat exchanger is equipped with shell with circular cross section, with interior rectangular The tube bank of cross section, and predominantly circle segments form window.The technical solution used in document WO98/08031 A1 Two partition boards are inserted into circular cylindrical shell body by regulation, to make the performance of pipe homogenize.By using this scheme, two adjacent The intersection cross-sectional geometry of the tube bank in " cross-flow " between baffle is constant, and has rectangular or square shape Shape.Although however, not described in document WO98/08031 Al, baffle may have the circular geometry with single section Shape is having there are two " square " notch in the region of the partition board of enclosure interior, to limit bypass.The window of baffle The main form for being held circular at section.

104625864 A of document CN propose a kind of heat exchanger, and the cross section of shell can also have square shape Shape.Therefore, corresponding baffle can be with the square geometry of rectangular shape, and window has rectangular shape, and pipe exists Window itself is internal.This construction with square case is proposed, to allow to solve the problems, such as cleaning tube bank.With document CN Embodiment similar 104625864 A is described in other document CN202041098 U and CN203359975 U.

Invention content

Therefore, overall purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, particularly but non-row It ground for air-conditioning and in industrial refrigeration field process refrigeration dry type expand evaporator, can with it is extremely simple, Economic and particularly practical mode overcomes the disadvantages mentioned above of the prior art.

Specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, it can be with Gao Shui Flat efficiency executes heat exchanging process, to minimize the quantity of used pipe.

It is a further object to provide a kind of heat exchangers with tube bank and shell, can be to all pipes Uniform/uniform heat exchanging process is executed, to obtain the overheat of uniform at the floss hole of pipe itself/uniform steam, from And the degree of oscillation of heat exchanger control period is minimized, and therefore improve efficiency.

It is a further object to provide a kind of heat exchangers with tube bank and shell, can include shell side Voltage drop value, especially pipe it is highly-filled in the case of.These pressure drops be often as many " cross-flow " channels and During the window (being with or without pipe in window) for passing through baffle for fluid by Free Surface be restricted by generate.

A further object of the present invention is a kind of heat exchanger with tube bank and shell of construction, wherein in the more of pipe side In the application of circuit, has in the drain connector of cryogenic fluid and do not introduce the ruler for the excessive drop having a negative impact to efficiency In the case of very little, the function in circuit increases under all fill conditions.

These purposes according to the present invention are by providing the heat exchange with tube bank and shell according to claim 1 Device is realized.

The supplementary features of the present invention are elaborated in the dependent claims as the integral part of this specification.

In general, the spy with tube bank and the hydrodynamic configuration of the shell side of the heat exchanger of shell according to the present invention Sign is as follows:

The geometry of the intersection cross section of tube bank in " cross-flow " of fluid between-two adjacent screens is constant , and there is rectangular or square shape;

The construction of board-like baffle with rectangular or square geometry;

Rectangular geometry for the window for passing through baffle, and there is no any pipe in window.

Description of the drawings

With reference to accompanying schematic figure, it is better understood with from following illustrative and non restrictive description according to the present invention The feature and advantage of heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, in the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1A and 1B is the sectional view for the critical piece for showing the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, is respectively at and is used for The construction of the construction and multiple channels (binary channels) in the single channel of pipe side liquid,

Fig. 2A, 2B and 2C show that the corresponding construction of the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, shell are kept off with longitudinal Plate;

Fig. 3 A are shown through one group of axial-flow type baffle with tube bank and the heat exchanger of shell;

Fig. 3 B and 3C show some particular configurations of the axial-flow type baffle of Fig. 3 A;

Fig. 4 A and 4B show the two kinds of structures of the baffle in the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, respectively in the window It does not manage with pipe and in the window;

Fig. 4 C show the construction of the baffle with double sections in the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell;

Fig. 4 D show the construction with three sections of baffle in the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell;

Fig. 4 E show the construction of the baffle with disk and perforated disc in the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell;

Fig. 5 A show that the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, the heat exchanger are in the fluid for shell side Three circuits construction;

Fig. 5 B show that the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, the heat exchanger are in the fluid for shell side Four circuits construction;

Fig. 6 shows that the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, the heat exchanger are in another construction, has and is used for shell Three circuits of the fluid on side, and do not manage in the window;

Fig. 7 shows that the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, the heat exchanger are in another construction, has and is used for shell Four circuits of the fluid on side, and do not manage in the window;

Fig. 8 shows that the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell, the heat exchanger are in another construction, has and is used for shell Three circuits of the fluid on side, and there is pipe in the window;

Fig. 9 A are the perspective views of the first kind heat exchanger according to prior art with tube bank and shell;

Fig. 9 B show fluid obtained in the region of " the cross section A " and " cross section B " in Fig. 9 A respectively, shell side Velocity vector " cross-flow " in component qualitative distribution;

Figure 10 A are the perspective views of the another type heat exchanger according to prior art with tube bank and shell;

Figure 10 B show stream obtained in the region of " the cross section A " and " cross section B " in Figure 10 A respectively, shell side The qualitative distribution of component in " cross-flow " of the velocity vector of body;

Figure 11 A are the perspective views of the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention;

Figure 11 B show stream obtained in the region of " the cross section A " and " cross section B " in Figure 11 A respectively, shell side The qualitative distribution of component in " cross-flow " of the velocity vector of body;

Figure 12 is the sectional view of the first embodiment of the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention, wherein shell Body has square cross section;

Figure 13 is the sectional view of the second embodiment of the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention, wherein shell Body has rectangular cross section;

Figure 14 is the sectional view of the 3rd embodiment of the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention, wherein shell Body has circular cross section and square baffle;With

Figure 15 is the sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention, wherein shell Body has circular cross section and rectangle baffle.

It should be noted that in the the accompanying drawings and the following description, identical reference numeral indicates mutually the same or equivalent element.

Specific implementation mode

With specific reference to Figure 11 A to 15, some for showing the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention are excellent Embodiment is selected, which is generally indicated with 10.Heat exchanger 10 includes multiple pipes 12 in a way known, these Pipe 12 is arranged parallel to each other to form one or more tube banks.Pipe 12 is axially inserted into the component 14 of elongate form, the component 14 have cylindrical shape geometry and constitute the shell of heat exchanger 10.In the present specification, term " has cylindrical shape geometry The component of shape " is intended to the track for being understood to generate line, which is parallel to predetermined direction and passes through predetermined directrix curve Single-point, and two opposite base portions by being arranged essentially parallel to directrix define.Always the directrix for being closed line can be example Such as square (Figure 12), rectangle (Figure 13), round (Figure 14 and 15), or it can substantially be the form of any polygon.

By the way that first end and one or more first entrance nozzles 16 supply the axially directed in shell 14 is arranged One fluid, the first fluid can the flowing in the pipe 12 of tube bank, and by the region of the opposite end of shell 14 and Also the first discharge nozzle 26 discharge axially directed.Enter by be usually located on the side surface of shell 14 at least one second Mouth nozzle 28 supplies second fluid, and the second fluid is also flowed in 14 therein of shell, and flows through the outer wall of pipe 12.The Two fluids are discharged by the second discharge nozzle 32 also being located on the side surface of shell 14.Therefore, first fluid and second fluid Between heat exchange realized by the wall of pipe 12.

In the construction in the single channel with the fluid for pipe side shown in figure 1A, the opposite end of the pipe 12 of tube bank connects Two tube sheets 34 are connected to, which is located at first in the region of the first entrance nozzle 16 of side and in the other side In the region of outlet nozzle 26.Tube sheet 34 allows in the second fluid (fluid flowed in shell 14) of shell side and in pipe First fluid (fluid flowed in the pipe of tube bank 12) separation of side.

However, having shown in Figure 1B in twin-channel construction for the fluid of pipe side, U-shaped can be used or having The pipe 12 of different appropriate geometries, wherein the open end of each pipe 12 is fixed in the region for the end for being arranged in shell 14 Identical tube sheet 34 on, and in the region of the opposite end of the shell 14, be equipped with imperforated sealed end region 42.

Other than the construction of heat exchanger 10, two or more baffles 30 are formed in the inside of shell 14, these Baffle 30 is arranged about shell 14 central axis upright of itself.Between each baffle 30 and the inner wall of shell 14, limit The corresponding window 36 being made of the cross section in the channel for second fluid, which, which has, is parallel to shell 14 and pipe 12 Central axis through direction, and defined by the free edge 38 of corresponding baffle 30 on side, and on another side It is defined by the in-profile of shell 14 in the intersection of the shell 14 with baffle 30 plane of itself.

According to the present invention, it is constant to be located in the cross section in the channel for second fluid between two adjacent screens 30 And have rectangular shape, that is to say, that all interior angles are consistent with each other.Particularly, it is located between two adjacent screens 30 The cross section in the channel for second fluid can have square shape, that is to say, that all interior angles and four in the case of two kinds A side is consistent with each other.In addition, each baffle 30 also has rectangular shape, or more particularly square shape.Finally, often A window 36 also has rectangular shape, and without any pipe 12.

Above-mentioned construction can be by using having square (Figure 12) or rectangle (Figure 13) at its own longitudinal axis The shell 14 of cross section constructs, or by using being located in inside the shell 14 with circular cross section (Figure 14 and 15) Suitable longitudinal baffle 40 constructs.In last one kind, longitudinal baffle 40 forms wall, and the wall is in heat exchanger 10 Inside around window 36 and be typically used for second fluid channel cross section.

It can be seen that the heat exchanger with tube bank and shell according to the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose.Use this hair The flowing of bright involved construction, the fluid of shell side will be limited to the heat exchange with tube bank by the cross section in channel Device, the cross section in the channel each of between two adjacent screens for passing through with constant area, to have benefited from wrapping The uniformity for passing through period along the bigger of the axis perpendicular to flow direction in " cross-flow " is included, this is because using having The window of disymmetry geometry, the window are rectangular or square and extend in the window without pipe.

Heat exchanger relative to known type comprising there is the cylindrical shell of round directrix curve, the cylindrical shape Shell has the plate baffle with single section, and in the window with or without pipe, according to the present invention to have tube bank and shell The heat exchanger of body allows for following advantages:

Higher heat exchanger effectiveness, to reduce necessary exchange surface;

Uniform/uniform operation of all pipes, to obtain the stabilization of bigger during the control during refrigeration cycle is applied Property;

In the application that pipe side has multiloop (more than two circuit), in full filling (that is, all circuits are all Work) and in the case of being partially filled with (for example, single performance loop), all with higher heat exchanger effectiveness.

The realization of these advantages be due to:

In " cross-flow " of fluid between two adjacent screens, the cross section in the channel of tube bank has constant geometry Shape (referring to Figure 11 A);

Geometry of the window of baffle with two-fold symmetry (rectangular or square), the pipe not extended wherein, This allows the heat exchange uniformity (fluid preferably redistributes after passing through window) of bigger, is included in " cross-flow " and passes through the phase Between along the axis perpendicular to flow direction (referring to Figure 11 B);

The identical geometry in each circuit and identical heat exchange conditions, lead to all pipes in performance loop Uniformly/uniform operation;

The geometry in each circuit allows using the connector for cryogenic fluid with optimized dimensions, to reduce Pressure drop.

The heat exchanger with tube bank and shell constructed in this way can carry out many modifications under any circumstance And modification, all such modifications and modification are included in identical innovation thinking;In addition, all details can be used technically Equivalent element replaces.In practice, the material and form and size used can require and unrestricted choice according to technology.

Therefore, the teachings of the present invention range is defined by the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of heat exchanger (10), including multiple pipes (12), the multiple pipe (12) is arranged parallel to each other to form one Or multiple tube banks, one or more of tube banks are axially inserted into main body (14), the main body (14) has elongated shape With cylindrical shape geometry, to form the shell of the heat exchanger (10),

It is supplied by the first end and one or more first entrance nozzles (16) axially directed that are arranged in the shell (14) The first fluid given the pipe (12) internal flow, and

By at least one second entrance nozzle (28) supply second fluid the shell (14) internal flow, to lead to The wall and the first fluid for crossing the pipe (12) carry out heat exchange, two or more are obtained in the inside of the shell (14) Baffle (30), the baffle relative to the shell (14) central axis upright arrange,

Corresponding window (36) is limited between each baffle (30) and the inner wall of the shell (14), the window is by being used for The cross section composition for stating the channel of second fluid, has the central axis for being parallel to the shell (14) and is parallel to the pipe (12) through direction is defined by the free edge (38) of corresponding baffle (30) on side and on another side in the shell Body (14) and the intersection of the plane of the baffle (30) are defined by the in-profile of the shell (14),

The heat exchanger (10) is characterized in that:

It is constant to be arranged in the cross section in the channel for the second fluid between two adjacent baffles (30) , and there is rectangular shape, i.e. its all interior angle are consistent with each other;

Each baffle (30) has rectangular shape;

Each window (36) has rectangular shape, and without pipe (12) in the window.

2. heat exchanger (10) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be arranged between two adjacent baffles (30) The channel for the second fluid cross section have square shape, that is, its all interior angle it is consistent with each other and its Four sides are consistent with each other.

3. heat exchanger (10) according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that each baffle (30) has square shape Shape.

4. heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the shell (14) exists Cross section with rectangular shape at the longitudinal axis of the shell (14).

5. heat exchanger (10) according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the shell (14) is in the shell (14) Cross section with square shape at longitudinal axis.

6. heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that shell (14) tool There is the cross section of circular shape, and be internally provided with longitudinal baffle (40), the longitudinal baffle (40) forms wall, and the wall exists The inside of the heat exchanger (10) is described transversal around the window (36) and the channel for the second fluid Face.

7. the heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the heat exchanger (10) include straight tube (12), opposite open end tube sheet (34) connection corresponding with two of the straight tube (12), the tube sheet (34) second fluid is detached with the first fluid.

8. the heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the heat exchanger (10) include pipe (12), the open end of the pipe (12) is fixed in the identical pipe for the at one end for being arranged in the shell (14) On plate (34), and imperforated closed bottom (42) is arranged on the opposite end of the shell (14).

9. the heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the second entrance spray Mouth (28) is disposed on the side surface of the shell (14).