CN108694858B - Method and system for parking management based on block chain technology - Google Patents
Method and system for parking management based on block chain technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108694858B CN108694858B CN201810801260.7A CN201810801260A CN108694858B CN 108694858 B CN108694858 B CN 108694858B CN 201810801260 A CN201810801260 A CN 201810801260A CN 108694858 B CN108694858 B CN 108694858B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
- G08G1/148—Management of a network of parking areas
Abstract
A parking management method and system based on block chain technology includes: a first step of acquiring identification information of a vehicle; a second step of stamping a time stamp on the identification information and packaging the identification information into a first message; a third step of broadcasting the first message to all nodes; a fourth step of acquiring a first block chain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; and a fifth step of prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the first block chain. The invention enables information to be shared synchronously among all nodes, adopts a public chain architecture, each parking lot is used as a node in a network, and the parking data of each parking lot can be shared mutually; the vehicles with wrong information can be distinguished and processed, so that parking spaces are reasonably distributed, and public resources are prevented from being occupied for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent traffic, in particular to a parking method and a parking system based on a block chain technology.
Background
With the increasing living standard of people, the number of vehicles kept by people is continuously increased, and a number limiting measure is adopted in many cities at present to ensure the sustainable development of the cities. However, many people aim at the government to promote and start up small abacus. Some people do not buy the vehicle urgently after shaking the license plate number, but buy a vehicle which is to be scrapped or even is scrapped, and stop the vehicle in a public parking lot after hanging the license plate number, thereby occupying public resources for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a first technical solution, a method for parking management based on a blockchain technology, including: a first step S1 of acquiring identification information of the vehicle; a second step S2, stamping the identification information with a timestamp, and packaging the identification information into a first message; a third step S3 of broadcasting the first message to all nodes; a fourth step S4, acquiring a first block chain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; a fifth step S5 of prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the first block chain.
A second technical means is the vehicle identification information based on the first technical means, wherein the identification information is a license plate number.
The third technical solution is based on the first technical solution, the node is a dispatching center of each parking lot, and the number of the nodes is greater than 1.
A fourth technical means is the first technical means, wherein the fourth step S4 includes: extracting a first blockchain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; broadcasting the first blockchain to other nodes.
A fifth technical means is the first technical means, wherein the fifth step S5 includes: obtaining a first time interval between the last parking time and the current time according to the timestamp in the block head of the first block chain; setting a first threshold value; and if the first time interval exceeds a first threshold value, checking the information of the vehicle, and if the information of the vehicle is wrong, prohibiting the vehicle from driving into a parking lot. And if the vehicle information is correct, the vehicle is permitted to enter the parking lot.
A sixth technical means is the vehicle parking system according to the fifth technical means, wherein the last parking time includes a time when a vehicle has been driven into a certain parking lot last time or a time when a vehicle has been driven out of a certain parking lot last time.
A seventh technical means is the video display device of the fifth technical means, wherein the first threshold is a time value set manually.
An eighth technical means is the vehicle information checking system according to the fifth technical means, wherein the checking of the vehicle information includes extracting the vehicle engine number; verifying whether the engine number of the vehicle is correspondingly consistent with the license plate number of the vehicle suspension; if the vehicle information is inconsistent, the vehicle information is wrong; if the vehicle information is consistent, the vehicle information is correct.
A ninth technical means is the vehicle control system according to the eighth technical means, wherein the vehicle is permitted to enter a parking lot when the vehicle information is correct, and the vehicle is charged according to an intelligent contract when the vehicle exits.
The tenth technical means is based on the eighth technical means, and the vehicle engine number is acquired by a vehicle-mounted terminal or a chip built in the vehicle engine.
An eleventh technical solution, a system for parking management based on a block chain technology, comprising: a first road side unit 1 and a node 2; the number of the nodes 2 is multiple, and a block chain network is formed; the number of the first road side units 1 is multiple, and each node is provided with one first road side unit; the first road side unit 1 is used for acquiring identification information of a vehicle; stamping a time stamp on the identification information, and packaging the identification information into a first message; broadcasting the first message to all nodes; the node 2 is configured to obtain a first block chain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; and according to the first block chain, prohibiting the vehicle from driving into a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot.
The invention enables information to be shared synchronously among all nodes, adopts a public chain architecture, each parking lot is used as a node in a network, and the parking data of each parking lot can be shared mutually; the vehicles with wrong information can be distinguished and processed, so that parking spaces are reasonably distributed, and public resources are prevented from being occupied for a long time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for parking management based on blockchain technology;
FIG. 2 is a block chain technology-based parking management method.
Detailed Description
In recent years, the block chain has been developed rapidly. In a narrow sense, the blockchain is a distributed account book which is a chain data structure formed by combining data blocks in a sequential connection mode according to a time sequence and is guaranteed in a cryptographic mode and cannot be tampered and forged.
Broadly, the blockchain technique is a completely new distributed infrastructure and computing approach that utilizes blockchain data structures to verify and store data, utilizes distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, utilizes cryptography to secure data transmission and access, and utilizes intelligent contracts composed of automated script code to program and manipulate data.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for parking management based on blockchain technology.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for parking management based on block chain technology includes: a first road side unit 1 and a node 2; the number of the nodes 2 is multiple, and a block chain network is formed; the number of the first road side units 1 is multiple, and each node 2 is provided with one first road side unit; the first road side unit 1 is used for acquiring identification information of a vehicle; stamping a time stamp on the identification information, and packaging the identification information into a first message; broadcasting the first message to all nodes; the node 2 is configured to obtain a first block chain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; and according to the first block chain, prohibiting the vehicle from driving into a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot.
In fig. 1, four nodes, such as a node a and a node B, are taken as an example to explain the system, where each node corresponds to a first road side unit, and the first road side unit is configured to collect identification information of a vehicle, such as license plate information, and transmit the collected information to a node corresponding to the first road side unit, for example, a dispatching center of a parking lot a that receives the license plate information, that is, the license plate information, packages the license plate information and time for collecting the license plate information to obtain a first message. The first message includes at least vehicle identification information and time information. Meanwhile, the node a broadcasts the first message through point-to-point communication with other nodes in the blockchain network, and each node, such as the node B, which receives the first message retrieves a parking record of the vehicle at the node B, that is, a first blockchain, according to the first message, where the first blockchain includes information of parking time, parking place, and the like of the vehicle. The node B broadcasts the first block chain to all nodes. And after receiving the first block chain, the node A obtains a first time interval between the last parking time and the current time according to the timestamp in the block header of the first block chain. In addition, a first threshold value for screening out a vehicle staying at a certain node for a long time is set manually according to actual needs. For example, the first threshold may be set to be one month, six months, or a time greater than or equal to twelve months, or the like.
Checking the information of the vehicle if the first time interval exceeds a first threshold value, and prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot if the information of the vehicle is wrong; and if the vehicle information is correct, the vehicle is permitted to enter the parking lot.
When the information of the vehicle is checked, the method can be carried out by comparing the license plate number of the vehicle suspension with the engine number of the vehicle. The license plate number of the vehicle suspension can be acquired by using the first road side unit, and the number of the vehicle engine can be acquired by the vehicle-mounted terminal or a chip arranged in the vehicle engine. When the number plate of the vehicle suspension is not consistent with the engine number of the vehicle, the node A can prohibit the vehicle from driving into the parking lot. When no abnormality is found, the vehicle is permitted to enter the parking lot.
Further, when the vehicle normally stops at the node a, the intelligent contract based on the blockchain technology can be used for charging.
The intelligent contract is a method for parking charge management based on a block chain technology, and can call information of the vehicle in the block chain, information of parking duration and the like, and automatically complete charging when a charge term is triggered.
The nodes are the dispatching centers of each parking lot, and the number of the nodes is more than 1. The parking lot may be a parking lot within a certain area, for example, an administrative area of a district, town, or an arbitrarily defined area. And the plurality of nodes are used for forming a block chain network and carrying out scheduling and cost management on the vehicle.
In order to save resources, the invention only carries out the whole network broadcasting after the first road side unit extracts the license plate number, thus avoiding the continuous broadcasting of the respective information among the nodes.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for parking management based on the blockchain technology.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for parking management based on block chain technology includes: a first step S1 of acquiring identification information of the vehicle; a second step S2, stamping the identification information with a timestamp, and packaging the identification information into a first message; a third step S3 of broadcasting the first message to all nodes; a fourth step S4, acquiring a first block chain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; a fifth step S5 of prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the first block chain.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the identification information of the vehicle is a license plate number.
In order to save the computing resources, when the vehicle enters the parking lot for the first time, only the license plate number of the vehicle needs to be acquired. At this time, the license plate number of the vehicle can be acquired through the camera or the road side unit through the vehicle-mounted terminal.
The image recognition technology for identifying the license plate number through the camera is a well-known technical means in the field, and is not described again.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the node is a dispatching center of each parking lot, and the number of the nodes is greater than 1.
In the present invention, each parking lot is taken as a node. This allows all parking lots in a certain area to be used as nodes on the blockchain. The relationship between the nodes can be a parallel relationship, that is, parking lots in the area are managed and maintained in parallel in a typical public block chain manner.
The dispatching center of each parking lot has the capability of monitoring and managing all parking spaces in the parking lot in real time. The service conditions of the parking spaces of the parking lot can be known through a plurality of technologies such as a geomagnetic sensor, a pressure sensor and a piezomagnetic sensor. And it also can carry out statistics functions such as timing to the in service behavior of parking stall to can verify, update with the data in the block chain effectively.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth step S4 includes: extracting a first blockchain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; broadcasting the first blockchain to other nodes.
Because of the bitcoin at the early stage of the block chain technology development, the value of the bitcoin is embodied in a mine digging mode. The more computationally intensive the mining machine (computer), the more powerful the excavation. It is a huge waste of resources whose value is determined by the computing power and computing time of the mining machine.
The invention is based on the concept of green environmental protection, and acquires the latest parking history information of the vehicle in a mode of broadcasting to other nodes after acquiring the vehicle information. If the information of all nodes is broadcasted regularly to share the information, huge resource waste is undoubtedly caused.
After all the nodes receive the first message, it is verified whether there is parking history information of the corresponding vehicle. Due to the network built based on the blockchain technique, all parking history information has a timestamp and the record is not modifiable.
Thus, all nodes that retain the parking information of the vehicle extract the block related to the vehicle and broadcast the block to other nodes. By verifying the time stamp information, the block chain having the latest parking record is finally determined as the first block chain.
The blockchain is then broadcast to all nodes so that all nodes now have the most up-to-date data updated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fifth step S5 includes: obtaining a first time interval between the last parking time and the current time according to the timestamp in the block head of the first block chain; setting a first threshold value; checking the information of the vehicle if the first time interval exceeds a first threshold value, and prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot if the information of the vehicle is wrong; and if the vehicle information is correct, the vehicle is permitted to enter the parking lot.
The current time is the point in time when the vehicle was identified.
In order to save effort, only the time information needs to be compared at this time. If the time information is exceeded, other information about the vehicle is verified.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the last parking time includes a time when the vehicle last entered a certain parking lot or a time when the vehicle last exited a certain parking lot.
It is common to use the time when the vehicle is driven out of a certain parking lot as the usage time, which is more accurate. Since it is possible to exclude that a vehicle, for example, has been parked for a long time since it was in the previous parking space, and in particular, that the last parking time itself has exceeded the first threshold value, it will not be recognized anyway when it is driven into a parking space.
But both are considered together in order to ensure fairness. If the first time interval of the vehicle has to exceed the first threshold value since the time of parking of the vehicle in the last parking lot has exceeded the first threshold value. The user can enter the parking lot by means of telephone complaints or field mediation.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold is a time value set manually for distinguishing whether to check the vehicle information. And when the first threshold value is not exceeded, the vehicle information does not need to be checked, and the vehicle can be normally stopped.
The usage of the vehicle may vary from city to city. Therefore, the threshold value can be set by each node, that is, the call center of each parking lot, and the first threshold value of each node may be different or the same.
The first threshold should be set in consideration of local conditions. For example, in colleges and universities, many college teachers have the opportunity to go abroad to make visitors, or go abroad to attend meetings, or conduct scientific research, in short months and long years. If the first threshold is set too short, the vehicles cannot be normally parked.
In order to make these vehicles still able to park normally, a specific identifier may be set for these vehicles. When the identification information of the vehicles acquired by the roadside unit includes the specific identification, it may not be necessary to verify the information of the vehicles.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the checking the vehicle information includes extracting the vehicle engine number; verifying whether the engine number of the vehicle is correspondingly consistent with the license plate number of the vehicle suspension; if the information is inconsistent, the information is wrong; if the two are consistent, the information is correct.
The license plate of the vehicle can still be used due to the scrapped vehicle. In order to ensure that the scrapped vehicle can not return to market circulation. It is necessary to verify the engine number and license plate number of the vehicle. If the engine number and the license plate number of the vehicle registered in the traffic control department are correspondingly consistent, the vehicle is in a normal use range. If the engine number of the vehicle does not correspond to the license plate number. The vehicle is either a fake-licensed vehicle or a vehicle that has been scrapped. In any case, the vehicle should be within the unprotected range.
Since the engine number is typically uniquely identifiable for the vehicle. The ordering of the engine numbers and their contents vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Typically including the engine model, year and month of production, and a random serial number given by the engine as it comes off the production line, and also including a source code (which is only known to the manufacturer) that the average consumer does not need to be aware of. As long as the engine is produced according to the standards of the automobile brand. Like the VIN number of an automobile, the uniqueness of the engine number is also intended to make it traceable so that the engine may be easily tracked for feedback when finding problems or being investigated by the manufacturer.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the vehicle information is correct, the vehicle is permitted to enter a parking lot, and when the vehicle exits, a charge is made according to a smart contract.
A Smart contract (Smart contract) is a computer protocol intended to propagate, verify or execute contracts in an informational manner. Smart contracts allow trusted transactions to be conducted without third parties, which transactions are traceable and irreversible. The intelligent contract concept was first proposed in 1994 by the cross-domain law-taker, nike sabo Nick Szabo. He mentions the concept of smart contracts in several articles published on his own website, defined as follows:
an "intelligent contract" is a set of numerically defined commitments (promises) that include agreements on which contract participants can execute the commitments. "
The goal of smart contracts is to provide a secure method over traditional contracts and to reduce other transaction costs associated with the contracts.
The digital form of smart contracts means that the contracts have to be written into computer readable code. This is necessary because the rights and obligations for intelligent contract establishment are performed by a computer or computer network whenever the parties agree.
Generally, when a participant engages in the execution of a contract by installing the contract on a contract hosting platform, the contract is discovered.
The true meaning of "execution" of a contract also depends on the implementation. Generally, execution means active implementation by technical means.
In addition, the particular "digital form" required for a contract is highly dependent on the agreement agreed upon by the participants.
Therefore, through the intelligent contract, the two parties can equally carry out transactions without worrying about personal information leakage and the threat to the safety of the own account.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle engine number is obtained by an on-board terminal or a chip built in the vehicle engine.
At present, the technologies of V2V and V2X are also rapidly developing, and corresponding information is obtained in time through a vehicle-mounted terminal, which is very easy to achieve for the existing vehicle-mounted system. And the current vehicle-mounted terminal can be connected to any equipment with communication capability through a network, so that data can be updated in real time as the bandwidth is larger and larger.
Embodiments of the invention can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment containing both hardware and software elements. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is implemented in software, which includes but is not limited to firmware, resident software, microcode, and the like. Furthermore, the invention can take the form of a computer program product accessible from a computer-usable or computer-readable medium providing program code for use by or in connection with a computer or any instruction execution system.
For the purposes of this description, a computer-usable or computer readable medium can be any apparatus that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The medium can be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system (or apparatus or device) or a propagation medium. Examples of a computer-readable medium include a semiconductor or solid state memory, magnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a rigid magnetic disk and an optical disk. Examples of current optical disks include compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), compact disk-read/write (CD-R/W), and DVD.
A data processing system suitable for storing and/or executing program code will include at least one processor coupled directly or indirectly to memory elements through a system bus. The memory elements can include local memory deployed during actual execution of the program code, bulk storage, and cache memories which provide temporary storage of at least some program code in order to reduce the number of times code must be retrieved from bulk storage during execution. Input/output or I/O devices (including but not limited to keyboards, displays, pointing devices, etc.) can be coupled to the system either directly or through intervening I/O controllers. Network adapters may also be coupled to the system to enable the data processing system to become coupled to other data processing systems or remote printers or storage devices through intervening private or public networks. Modems, cable modem and Ethernet cards are just a few of the currently available types of network adapters.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for parking management based on block chain technology comprises the following steps:
a first step (S1) of acquiring identification information of a vehicle;
a second step (S2) of time-stamping the identification information and encapsulating it as a first message;
a third step (S3) of broadcasting the first message to all nodes;
a fourth step (S4) of acquiring, according to the first message, a first block chain associated with the vehicle;
a fifth step (S5) of prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot, according to the first block chain;
wherein the fifth step (S5) includes:
obtaining a first time interval between the last parking time and the current time according to the timestamp in the block head of the first block chain;
setting a first threshold value;
prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter a parking lot based on a comparison of the first time interval to the first threshold,
wherein the prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or the granting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the comparison of the first time interval and the first threshold specifically comprises:
checking the information of the vehicle if the first time interval exceeds a first threshold value, and prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot if the information of the vehicle is wrong;
and if the vehicle information is correct, the vehicle is permitted to enter the parking lot.
2. The method of claim 1, the identification information of the vehicle being a license plate number.
3. The method of claim 1, the node being a dispatch center for each parking lot, the number of nodes being greater than 1.
4. The method of claim 1, the fourth step (S4), comprising:
extracting a first blockchain associated with the vehicle according to the first message;
broadcasting the first blockchain to other nodes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the last parking time comprises a time when a vehicle last entered a parking lot or a time when a vehicle last exited a parking lot.
6. The method of claim 1, the first threshold value being an artificially set time value.
7. The method of claim 1, the checking vehicle information comprising,
extracting the vehicle engine number;
verifying whether the engine number of the vehicle is correspondingly consistent with the license plate number of the vehicle suspension; if the information is inconsistent, the information is wrong; if the two are consistent, the information is correct.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the vehicle is permitted to enter a parking lot when the vehicle information is correct, and the charge is made according to a smart contract when the vehicle exits.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the vehicle engine number is obtained by an on-board terminal or a vehicle engine built-in chip.
10. A system for parking management based on blockchain technology, comprising: a first road side unit (1) and a node (2); the number of the nodes (2) is multiple, and the nodes are used for forming a block chain network;
the number of the first road side units (1) is multiple, and each node is provided with one first road side unit;
the first road side unit (1) is used for acquiring identification information of a vehicle; stamping a time stamp on the identification information, and packaging the identification information into a first message; broadcasting the first message to all nodes;
the node (2) is configured to obtain a first blockchain associated with the vehicle according to the first message; prohibiting the vehicle from driving into a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the first block chain;
wherein the prohibiting the vehicle from entering the parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the first block chain specifically includes:
obtaining a first time interval between the last parking time and the current time according to the timestamp in the block head of the first block chain;
setting a first threshold value;
prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or permitting the vehicle to enter a parking lot based on a comparison of the first time interval to the first threshold;
wherein the prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot or the granting the vehicle to enter the parking lot according to the comparison of the first time interval and the first threshold specifically comprises:
checking the information of the vehicle if the first time interval exceeds a first threshold value, and prohibiting the vehicle from entering a parking lot if the information of the vehicle is wrong;
and if the vehicle information is correct, the vehicle is permitted to enter the parking lot.
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| CN113012466A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Parking space sharing method based on block chain, user node, equipment and storage medium |
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