CN108687456B

CN108687456B - Main and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding fixture

Info

Publication number: CN108687456B
Application number: CN201810913508.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 施海锋; 徐卫; 李秀娟
Original assignee: Shanghai Sanda Automobile Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Sanda Automobile Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-13
Filing date: 2018-08-13
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-13
Also published as: CN108687456A

Abstract

The invention discloses a main positioning pin and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding fixture which comprises a cylinder A, a roller A, a chute A, a pin A, a cylinder B, a roller B, a chute B, a pin B and a workpiece, wherein the cylinder A and the cylinder B respectively drive the chute A and the chute B through push rods, the chute A and the chute B move linearly in a guide rail, the chute A drives the pin A to move up and down through the roller A, the chute B drives the pin B to move up and down through the roller B, the top of the workpiece is compressed through a compression block, the top of the compression block is connected with a cylinder C, and the top of the cylinder C is connected with a cylinder D; this kind of major-minor locating pin interchangeable formula welding jig, to all needing (laser) welded pipe class work piece near pipe both ends (two locating pins of major-minor), two round pins of major-minor have same positioning accuracy to realize on an equipment, weld both ends, productivity gain reduces equipment cost and equipment area, will need secondary clamping in addition, change into a clamping now, man-hour shortens, and positioning accuracy improves.

Description

Main and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding fixture

Technical Field

The invention relates to a welding fixture, in particular to a main positioning pin and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding fixture, and relates to the technical field of welding fixtures.

Background

The traditional welding fixture often adopts one-sided two-pin positioning, a main positioning pin generally adopts a cylindrical pin in two general pins, another auxiliary positioning pin adopts a small-diameter pin (clearance fit) or a chamfered pin, the main pin limits 2 degrees of freedom of a workpiece, and the small-diameter pin (or the chamfered pin) limits 1 degree of freedom of the workpiece. However, under such clamping, the positioning accuracy of the two (pin) pipe ends is inconsistent, the pipe end positioning accuracy of the main positioning pin is high and can meet the requirement of laser welding, and the positioning accuracy of the pipe end of the auxiliary positioning pin (i.e., the small cylindrical pin or the chamfered edge pin) is low and can not meet the requirement of the position accuracy of laser welding. Therefore, when two pipe ends of the pipe need to be welded, the two ends of the pipe cannot meet the positioning accuracy requirement of laser welding at the same time by the traditional one-surface two-pin fixture, the positioning accuracy near the main positioning pin is high, and the positioning accuracy requirement of laser welding can be met; and the positioning precision near the auxiliary positioning pin is low, and the positioning precision of the auxiliary positioning pin is often not capable of meeting the production requirement of laser welding when the auxiliary positioning pin is welded nearby. Therefore, the two pipe ends are always required to be clamped respectively and welded on the two devices respectively in sequence, the efficiency of the process is low, and the occupied area of the two devices is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the two ends of a pipe fitting can not meet the positioning precision requirement of laser welding at the same time by the aid of the conventional one-surface two-pin clamp, the two pipe ends need to be clamped respectively and welded on two devices in sequence, production efficiency is low, and the two devices occupy a large area.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a main positioning pin and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding fixture comprises a cylinder A, a roller A, an inclined groove A, a pin A, a cylinder B, a roller B, an inclined groove B, a pin B and a workpiece, wherein the cylinder A and the cylinder B respectively drive the inclined groove A and the inclined groove B through a push rod, the inclined groove A and the inclined groove B linearly move in a guide rail, the inclined groove A drives the pin A to move up and down through the roller A, the inclined groove B drives the pin B to move up and down through the roller B, the top of the workpiece is tightly pressed through a pressing block, the top of the pressing block is connected with a cylinder C, the top of the cylinder C is connected with a cylinder D, the pin A and the pin B are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a fixture rotation center, the pin A and the pin B both adopt two sections of diameter stepped pins with the same structure, the upper half section of the pin A and the upper half section of the pin B are of a small diameter phi D, the lower half section of the pin A and the pin B are of a large diameter phi D, and the pin A and the pin B can move along the axis, the small diameter section of the upper half section of the pin A and the pin B is matched with a workpiece with a larger gap, the large diameter section of the lower half section is matched with the workpiece with a higher positioning precision, the gap between the small diameter and the aperture of the workpiece meets the requirement of the position degree between two holes of the end of the workpiece pipe, namely, the installation requirement of the pipe can be met, the pin B can carry after the pin A is withdrawn from the original position, similarly, the pin A can carry after the pin B is withdrawn from the original position, the pin A and the pin B can be in the same original position but can not carry at the same time, and the process of loading and unloading the workpiece is carried out once, and the pin A and the pin B respectively have a positioning and clamping process.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the air cylinder D and the air cylinder C finish a clamping stroke, the stroke of the air cylinder C is very small, the stroke of the air cylinder D is relatively large, a workpiece can be loosened but not fallen when the air cylinder D retracts, and the movement of the pin A and the pin B which can exchange a main positioning effect and a secondary positioning effect is not influenced.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the lower end of the workpiece is sleeved with a pressing plate A and a pressing plate B respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: this kind of major-minor locating pin interchangeable formula welding jig, to all needing (laser) welded pipe class work piece near pipe both ends (major-minor two locating pins), major-minor two round pins have same positioning accuracy to realize on an equipment, weld both ends, productivity gain reduces equipment cost and equipment area, will need secondary clamping in addition originally, change the clamping into once now, man-hour shortens, positioning accuracy improves, the product percent of pass improves, and the robot welding of being convenient for.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a working schematic diagram of a welding jig with interchangeable primary and secondary positioning pins according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of two segments of pins of the welding jig with interchangeable primary and secondary positioning pins according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main positioning pin A of the interchangeable welding jig for the main and auxiliary positioning pins according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of main positioning at pin B of the welding jig with interchangeable main and auxiliary positioning pins according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a welding workpiece of a welding fixture with interchangeable primary and secondary positioning pins according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a cylinder A; 2. a push rod; 3. a roller A; 4. a chute A; 5. a guide rail; 6. a pin A; 7. a workpiece; 8. pressing a plate A; 9. a cylinder B; 10. a roller B; 11. a chute B; 12. a pin B; 13. pressing a plate B; 14. a compression block; 15. a cylinder C; 16. and a cylinder D.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a main positioning pin and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding clamp comprises an air cylinder A1, a roller A3, a chute A4, a pin A6, an air cylinder B9, a roller B10, a chute B11, a pin B12 and a workpiece, wherein the air cylinder A1 and the air cylinder B9 respectively drive a chute A4 and a chute B11 through a push rod 2, the chute A4 and the chute B11 linearly move in a guide rail 5, the chute A4 moves up and down through the roller A driving pin A6, the chute B11 moves up and down through the roller B10 driving pin B12, the top of the workpiece is pressed through a pressing block 14, the top of the pressing block 14 is connected with an air cylinder C15, the top of the air cylinder C15 is connected with an air cylinder D16,

the pin A6 and the pin B12 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rotation center of the clamp, the pin A6 and the pin B12 both adopt two sections of diameter stepped pins with the same structure, the upper half sections of the pin A6 and the pin B12 are phi D with small diameter, the lower half sections of the pin A6 and the pin B3538 are phi D with large diameter, the pin A6 and the pin B12 can move along the axis, the matching gap between the small diameter section of the upper half section of the pin A6 and the small diameter section of the pin B12 and a workpiece is larger, the large diameter of the lower half section of the pin A3624 and the workpiece is matched with the workpiece with higher positioning precision, the gap between the small diameter and the workpiece aperture meets the requirement of the position between two holes of the end of the workpiece, namely, the installation requirement of the pipe can be met, the large diameter of the lower half section of the pin A6 (which is in excessive matching with the workpiece) is effective, the small diameter of the upper half section of the pin B12 (which is in clearance with the workpiece) is effective, otherwise, when the pin A6 works with the small diameter part of the upper half section, the pin B12 works with the large diameter of the lower half section,

pin A6 can move forward after moving back to its original position and pin B12 can move forward, pin B12 can move forward after moving back to its original position and pin A6 and pin A6 and pin B12 can move forward at the same time but not simultaneously, and a process of loading and unloading a workpiece is performed, pin A6 and pin B12 each have a positioning and clamping process, pin B12 is a sub-positioning (small diameter part working) pin when pin A6 is used as a main positioning pin (normal diameter working), and conversely, pin A6 is a sub-positioning (small diameter part working) pin when pin B12 is used as a main positioning (normal diameter working) pin.

The cylinder D16 and the cylinder C15 complete the clamping stroke, the stroke of the cylinder C15 is very small (the stroke is limited by a stop), if the stroke is slightly loosened, the main and auxiliary reference exchange action of the pin A6 and the pin B12 can be realized, and the mutual interference is avoided during positioning, so that when the pin is used as an auxiliary pin, the clearance between the pin and the hole is about the allowable tolerance value of the center distance between two positioning holes, the stroke of the cylinder D16 is large, the workpiece can be loosened but not fallen when the cylinder D16 retracts, the pin A6 and the pin B12 can be moved for exchanging the main and auxiliary positioning action without influencing, and the lower end of the workpiece is respectively sleeved with a pressure plate A8 and a pressure plate B13.

The specific principle is as follows: when the device works, pipe loading (workpieces) is carried out firstly, the cylinder A1 is advanced to enable the pin A6 to be a main reference, the cylinder B9 is retracted to enable the pin B12 to be a secondary reference, the cylinders C15 and D are advanced to clamp the workpieces, a welding head is lowered to a welding position A, namely a pressure plate A8 on the workpieces to be welded, and the joint between the end of the workpiece and the pressure plate A8 is welded; the welding head is lifted to the initial position, the whole clamp rotates 180 degrees clockwise, the air cylinder D16 retracts, and the workpiece is half-loosened; then the air cylinder A1 retracts to enable the pin A6 to be used as a secondary reference, the air cylinder B9 advances to enable the pin B12 to be used as a main reference, the air cylinder D16 advances to clamp the workpiece, the welding head descends to a welding position B, namely a welding pressure plate B13, and a joint between the end of the workpiece and the pressure plate B13 is welded; the welding head is raised to the initial position, the air cylinder C15 is retracted, the workpiece is loosened, the pipe (workpiece) is unloaded, the whole clamp is horizontally reversed by 180 degrees, and the next cycle period is continued.

Since cylinder a1 and cylinder B9 push chute a4 and chute B11 via push rod 2, chute a4 and chute B11 move linearly in guide rail 5, and the axial movement of pin a6 and pin B12 is driven using a chute mechanism. The cylinder A1 and the cylinder B9 generate pushing or pulling force, the force is transmitted to a sliding block in a chute A4 and a chute B11, the sliding block moves, the force is transmitted to a roller A3 and a roller B10 through a chute A4 and a chute B11, and a roller shaft drives a pin A6 and a pin B12 to move up and down along the shaft in a hole; moving upward, the lower half of pin A6 or pin B12 comes into contact with the inside wall of the pipe element and is active, at this point, for the normal diameter section of the pin; moving downward, the upper half of the extension plane of pin A6 or pin B12 comes into contact with the workpiece and is in effect, so that the smaller diameter portion of the pin is in effect.

This kind of major-minor locating pin interchangeable formula welding jig, to all needing (laser) welded pipe class work piece near pipe both ends (major-minor two locating pins), major-minor two round pins have same positioning accuracy to realize on an equipment, weld both ends, productivity gain reduces equipment cost and equipment area, will need secondary clamping in addition originally, change the clamping into once now, man-hour shortens, positioning accuracy improves, the product percent of pass improves, and the robot welding of being convenient for.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A main and auxiliary positioning pin interchangeable welding fixture comprises a cylinder A (1), a roller A (3), a chute A (4), a pin A (6), a cylinder B (9), a roller B (10), a chute B (11), a pin B (12) and a workpiece (7), and is characterized in that the cylinder A (1) and the cylinder B (9) respectively drive the chute A (4) and the chute B (11) through a push rod (2), the chute A (4) and the chute B (11) move linearly in a guide rail (5), the chute A (4) drives the pin A (6) to move up and down through the roller A, the chute B (11) drives the pin B (12) to move up and down through the roller B (10), the top of the workpiece (7) is compressed through a compression block (14), the top of the compression block (14) is connected with a cylinder C (15), the top of the cylinder C (15) is connected with a cylinder D (16), the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a rotation center of the clamp, the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) both adopt two sections of stepped diameter pins with the same structure, the upper half sections of the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) are small diameter phi D, the lower half sections of the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) are large diameter phi D, the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) can move along the axis, the matching gap between the upper half sections of the small diameter sections of the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) and a workpiece (7) is larger, the matching between the lower half sections of the large diameter and the workpiece (7) adopts the matching with higher positioning precision, the gap between the small diameter and the aperture of the workpiece (7) meets the requirement of the position degree between two holes at the pipe end of the workpiece (7), namely, the installation requirement of the pipe can be met, the pin B (12) can carry after the pin A (6) is withdrawn from the original position, and the pin B (12) can carry, the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) can be in the same position but can not carry in at the same time, and the process of loading and unloading the workpiece (7) is carried out once, and the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) have a positioning and clamping process respectively.

2. The welding jig of claim 1, wherein the cylinder D (16) and the cylinder C (15) complete a clamping stroke, the stroke of the cylinder C (15) is small, the stroke of the cylinder D (16) is large, and when the cylinder D (16) retracts, the workpiece (7) can be loosened but not fallen down, and the movement of the pin A (6) and the pin B (12) which can perform a primary and secondary positioning function is not influenced.

3. The welding fixture with interchangeable main and auxiliary positioning pins as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the workpiece (7) is sleeved with a pressing plate A (8) and a pressing plate B (13), respectively.