CN108680968A - Complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method and device - Google Patents
Complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method of present invention offer and device, this method include：Establish geological model, more set observation systems and full waveform inversion initial model；Observation data are obtained according to observation system and geological model, seismic wave field and analogue data, the observation data residual error of calculating observation data and analogue data are obtained according to observation system and forward modeling parameter, initial model；Inverse time propagating wavefield is obtained according to initial model and inverse time observation data residual error；Speed renewal amount is obtained with seismic wave field and inverse time propagating wavefield and updates initial model, when speed renewal amount meets condition, obtains final inversion speed model；Multiple variances of the speed approximation ratio of the corresponding final inversion speed model of more set observation systems and geological model are calculated, the corresponding observation system of minimum variance is optimal.Full waveform inversion is applied in the evaluation of complicated high-dip structure area observation system by the program, can effectively evaluate the quality of different observation systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, more particularly to a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting
Observation system evaluation method and device.
Background technology
Complicated structure area, especially observes system against the seismic prospecting data collecting in the areas Yan Tuifu or the area containing salt dome structure
Unite design and optimization, be in recent years many experts and scholars' primary studies the problem of.The complexity that one side complicated geological structure generates
Seismic wave field causes existing velocity analysis means to be difficult to adapt to；Another aspect high speed geologic body or salt dome body hinder seismic wave
Penetrate, form seismic wave illumination shadow region.This certainly will cause to acquire using same seismic prospecting data collecting observation system
When, certain image areas of complicated geological structure are poor, it is difficult to meet the needs of seismic prospecting.Although wideband, wide-azimuth, highly dense
The application of (two wide one the is high) technology of spending improves this phenomenon to a certain extent, but the application of " two wide one is high " technology can band
Carry out the unprecedented soaring of acquisition cost.It is evaluation seismic exploration data to do illumination analysis to digital geophysical model on computers
Whether acquisition observation system meets the conventional means that exploration requires.But which kind of illumination energy rank is this method be unable to judge accurately
Observation system disclosure satisfy that actual exploration requirement.Furthermore it is possible to by analyzing seismic prospecting data collecting observation system parameter
Influence to prestack migration image effect utilizes the choices of technology seismic prospecting data collecting observation system parameter such as double focusing.But
It is when Migration velocity model is accurate, pre-stack depth migration imaging is to seismic exploration datas such as maximum offset, track pitch, big gun density
The sensibility for acquiring observation system parameter is poor, is equally difficult to the quality of accurate evaluation seismic prospecting data collecting observation system.
With the continuous improvement of computer technology, full waveform inversion method increasingly attracts attention, and the development of this technology is gradually ripe, but
It is that research emphasis is concentrated on full waveform inversion method itself by everybody, and seldom considers data acquisition quality and full waveform inversion
Between relationship.
Invention content
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method and dresses
It sets, on the basis of full waveform inversion method, using the high-resolution characteristic of full waveform inversion, full waveform inversion is applied to multiple
In miscellaneous high-dip structure area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system design and performance evaluation, it can be explored with effective evaluation different earthquake
Data acquire the quality of observation system.
The complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method includes：
Geological model is established according to historical earthquake data and historical interpretation data, utilizes geology described in grid spacing discretization
Model obtains grid geological model；
Establish more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems；
Establish the initial model of full waveform inversion model；
It is held using every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Row following steps：
The grid geological model is done in time and space domain using wherein a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system
Finite-difference forward modeling obtains simulation seismic observation data, and the simulation seismic observation data includes forward modeling parameter；
Execute following iterative step：
Forward modeling is done to the initial model using same set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system and the forward modeling parameter
Simulation, determines the seismic wave field and initial model analogue data of each moment shot point forward-propagating；
Observation data residual error between calculating simulation seismic observation data and initial model analogue data；
Using the initial model, the inverse time data to observe data residual error carry out forward modeling mould as the source at geophone station
It is quasi-, determine the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；
Utilize the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield calculating speed renewal amount；
The initial model is updated using the speed renewal amount；
Iterative step is continued to execute using updated initial model, until iteration when speed renewal amount meets preset condition
Terminate, obtains inversion speed model；
Calculate the speed approximation ratio of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model and the speed
Spend the variance of approximation ratio；
More set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems will be utilized to obtain multiple variances to be compared, obtain minimum variance,
The corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of the minimum variance is to meet the seismic prospecting data collecting that exploration requires to see
Examining system.
The complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus includes：
Grid geological model establishes module, for establishing geological model according to historical earthquake data and historical interpretation data,
Using geological model described in grid spacing discretization, grid geological model is obtained；
Observation system establishes module, for establishing more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems；
Inverting initial model establishes module, the initial model for establishing full waveform inversion model；
It is held using every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Row following steps：
Seismic observation data computing module is simulated, for utilizing wherein a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system to institute
It states grid geological model and does finite-difference forward modeling in time and space domain, obtain simulation seismic observation data, the simulation ground
Shake observation data include forward modeling parameter；
Execute following iterative step：
Seismic wave field and initial model analogue data computing module, for being observed using same set of seismic prospecting data collecting
System and the forward modeling parameter do forward simulation to the initial model, determine the seismic wave field of each moment shot point forward-propagating
With initial model analogue data；
Data residual computations module is observed, between calculating simulation seismic observation data and initial model analogue data
Observe data residual error；
Inverse time propagating wavefield computing module, for utilizing the initial model, the inverse time data to observe data residual error are made
Forward simulation is carried out for the source at geophone station, determines the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；
Speed renewal amount computing module, for being updated using the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield calculating speed
Amount；
Update module, for updating the initial model using the speed renewal amount；
Inversion speed model computation module, for continuing to execute iterative step using updated initial model, until speed
Iteration terminates when degree renewal amount meets preset condition, obtains inversion speed model；
Speed approximation ratio and variance computing module, for calculating the inversion speed model and the grid geological model
The variance of the speed approximation ratio and the speed approximation ratio of each grid；
Comparison module is compared for more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems will to be utilized to obtain multiple variances,
Obtain minimum variance, the corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of the minimum variance be to meet the earthquake of exploration requirement to survey
It visits data and acquires observation system.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and storage are on a memory
And the computer program that can be run on a processor, the processor realize complexity described above when executing the computer program
Tectonic province seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer-readable recording medium storage
There is the computer program for executing seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area described above.
In embodiments of the present invention, method and apparatus proposed by the present invention utilize on the basis of full waveform inversion method
Full waveform inversion is applied to the seismic prospecting data collecting observation of complicated high-dip structure area by the high-resolution characteristic of full waveform inversion
It, can be with the quality of effective evaluation different earthquake exploration data acquisition observation system in the evaluation of system design and performance.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is the required attached drawing utilized in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is certain a kind of working medium grid geological model schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of initial model schematic diagram of full waveform inversion model provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system that a kind of maximum offset provided in an embodiment of the present invention is 500
Corresponding full waveform inversion result schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system that a kind of maximum offset provided in an embodiment of the present invention is 1000
Corresponding full waveform inversion result schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system that a kind of maximum offset provided in an embodiment of the present invention is 1500
Corresponding full waveform inversion result schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system that a kind of maximum offset provided in an embodiment of the present invention is 2000
Corresponding full waveform inversion result schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system that a kind of maximum offset provided in an embodiment of the present invention is 2500
Corresponding full waveform inversion result schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is a kind of corresponding Full wave shape of fully intermeshing seismic prospecting data collecting observation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Inversion result schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation dress provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Set structure diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method is provided
And device, as shown in Figure 1, this method includes：
Step 101：Geological model is established according to historical earthquake data and historical interpretation data, utilizes grid spacing discretization
The geological model obtains grid geological model；
Step 102：Establish more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems；
Step 103：Establish the initial model of full waveform inversion model；
It is held using every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Row following steps：
Step 104：Using wherein a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system to the grid geological model in the time
Spatial domain does finite-difference forward modeling, obtains simulation seismic observation data, the simulation seismic observation data includes forward modeling
Parameter；
Execute following iterative step：
Step 105：Using same set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system and the forward modeling parameter to the introductory die
Type does forward simulation, determines the seismic wave field and initial model analogue data of each moment shot point forward-propagating；
Step 106：Observation data residual error between calculating simulation seismic observation data and initial model analogue data；
Step 107：Using the initial model, the inverse time data to observe data residual error are carried out as the source at geophone station
Forward simulation determines the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；
Step 108：Utilize the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield calculating speed renewal amount；
Step 109：The initial model is updated using the speed renewal amount；
Step 1010：Iterative step is continued to execute using updated initial model, is preset until speed renewal amount meets
Iteration terminates when condition, obtains inversion speed model；
Step 1011：Calculate the speed approximation ratio of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model
With the variance of the speed approximation ratio；
Step 1012：More set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems will be utilized to obtain multiple variances to be compared, obtained
Minimum variance, the corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of the minimum variance are the seismic prospecting number for meeting exploration and requiring
According to acquisition observation system.
In embodiments of the present invention, step 101 is executed as follows：
When being two-dimensional seismic survey data acquisition design, according to the previous data (history of geology survey area
Seismic data and historical interpretation data) geological model of establishing long X meters of Z meters of depth, use dx and dz grid spacing discretization geology
Model, the grid number for obtaining the direction x, z are the grid geological model V of Nx and Nz respectivelytrue(x,z)。
When being 3-d seismic exploration data acquisition design, according to the previous data (history of geology survey area
Seismic data and historical interpretation data) geological model of establishing long X meters wide Y meters of Z meters of depths, use distance between dx, dy and dz grid
Dispersion geological model, the grid number for obtaining x, y, z direction are the grid geological model V of Nx, Ny and Nz respectivelytrue(x,y,z)。
In embodiments of the present invention, step 102 is executed as follows：It establishes N and covers different seismic exploration datas and adopt
Collect observation system, to ensure the accuracy of result of calculation, the inspection point of preferably all seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems is all
It can fall on mesh point.
In embodiments of the present invention, step 103 is executed as follows：Establish the initial model of full waveform inversion model
V0(x, z) (acquiring observation system for two-dimensional seismic survey data) or V0(x, y, z) (is acquired for 3-d seismic exploration data
Observation system).Specifically, V0(x, z) or V0(x, y, z) can utilize the preset smooth smooth grid geological model of radius
Vtrue(x, z) or Vtrue(x, y, z) is obtained.Wherein, preset smooth radius can be set as 500-1000 meters.
Due to devising more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems, step below is for more set seismic prospecting numbers
It is executed according to every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in acquisition observation system.
Specifically, executing step 104 as follows：A set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is selected, to net
Lattice geological model Vtrue(x, z) or Vtrue(x, y, z) does finite-difference forward modeling in time and space domain, obtains simulation earthquake and sees
Measured data D (s, x, z=0, t) or D (s, x, y, z=0, t), wherein source wavelet frequency range is in 7-15Hz；Behalf shot point
Number；X when two-dimentional, z representation space position；X when three-dimensional, y, z representation spaces position；T represents the record time, and the record time is general
Take 2 times when model average speed is walked of maximum offset.
In embodiments of the present invention, step 105 is executed as follows：Use identical seismic prospecting in step 104
Data acquire observation system and forward modeling parameter (including source wavelet frequency and record time) to initial model V0(x, z) or V0(x,
Y, z) forward simulation is done, determine the seismic wave field Uf (s, t, x, z) or Uf (s, t, x, y, z) of each moment shot point forward-propagating,
And obtain initial model analogue data O (s, x, z=0, t) or O (s, x, y, z=0, t).
In embodiments of the present invention, step 106 is executed as follows：Calculating observation data D (s, x, z=0, t) or D
Observation data between (s, x, y, z=0, t) and initial model analogue data O (s, x, z=0, t) or O (s, x, y, z=0, t)
Residual error E (s, x, z=0, t)=D (s, x, z=0, t)-O (s, x, z=0, t) or E (s, x, y, z=0, t)=D (s, x, y, z=
0, t)-O (s, x, y, z=0, t).
In embodiments of the present invention, step 107 is executed as follows：Use the data difference E's obtained in step 106
Inverse time data E (s, x, z=0, T-t) or E (s, x, y, z=0, T-t) carries out forward simulation as the source at geophone station, determines
The inverse time propagating wavefield Ub (s, T-t, x, z) of different moments geophone station residual error or Ub (s, T-t, x, y, z), wherein moment are expressed as
From T to 0.
In embodiments of the present invention, step 108 is executed as follows：When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is
When two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, using the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield according to following formula
Calculating speed renewal amount：
DV (x, z)=∑TUf(s,t,x,z)*Ub(s,t,x,z)；
Wherein, dV (x, z) indicates speed renewal amount；Uf (s, t, x, z) indicates the earthquake of each moment shot point forward-propagating
Wave field, Ub (s, t, x, z) indicate the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；S indicates shot point number；X, z indicate two
Dimension space position；T indicates the record time, and the value range of t is 0 to T；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, using described
Seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield are according to following formula calculating speed renewal amount：
DV (x, y, z)=∑TUf(s,t,x,y,z)*Ub(s,t,x,y,z)；
Wherein, dV (x, y, z) indicates speed renewal amount；Uf (s, t, x, y, z) indicates each moment shot point forward-propagating
Seismic wave field, Ub (s, t, x, y, z) indicate the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；S indicates shot point number；X, y,
Z indicates three-dimensional space position；T indicates the record time, and the value range of t is 0 to T.
In embodiments of the present invention, step 109 is executed as follows：When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is
When two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, the introductory die is updated according to following formula using the speed renewal amount
Type：
V′0(x, z)=V0(x,z)+dV(x,z)；
Wherein, V '0(x, z) indicates updated initial model；V0(x, z) indicates initial model；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, the speed is utilized
It spends renewal amount and updates the initial model according to following formula：
V′0(x, y, z)=V0(x,y,z)+dV(x,y,z)；
Wherein, V '0(x, y, z) indicates updated initial model；V0(x, y, z) indicates initial model.
In embodiments of the present invention, step 1010 is executed as follows：First determine whether speed renewal amount meets
Preset condition dV ' (x, z) * dV ' (x, z)/(V '0(x,z)*V′0(x,z))<10-5, obtained according to primary update if meeting
Speed renewal amount and updated initial model calculate inversion speed model, if not satisfied, then continue step 105 to step 109,
Until speed renewal amount meets dV ' (x, z) * dV ' (x, z)/(V '0(x,z)*V′0(x,z))<10-5Until, use final speed
Degree renewal amount and the newer initial model of last time obtain inversion speed model Vnew(x, z) or Vtrue(x,y,z)。
Iteration terminates after having executed above-mentioned steps.
Step 1011 is continued to execute, in embodiments of the present invention, executes step 1011 as follows：Work as seismic prospecting
When data acquisition observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, the inversion speed is calculated according to following formula
The variance of model and the speed approximation ratio and the speed approximation ratio of each grid of grid geological model：
Approx (x, z)=| Vtrue(x,z)-Vnew(x,z)|/Vtrue(x,z)；
Wherein, approx (x, z) indicates speed approximation ratio；Vtrue(x, z) indicates grid geological model；Vnew(x, z) table
Show inversion speed model；σ2Indicate the variance of speed approximation ratio；AVG indicates the average value of speed approximation ratio；Nx and Nz points
It Biao Shi not grid geological model VtrueThe grid number of (x, z) along the direction x, z；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, according to following public affairs
Formula calculates the speed approximation ratio of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model and the speed is approached
The variance of degree：
Approx (x, y, z)=| Vtrue(x,y,z)-Vnew(x,y,z)|/Vtrue(x,y,z)；
Wherein, approx (x, y, z) indicates speed approximation ratio；Vtrue(x, y, z) indicates grid geological model；Vnew(x,
Y, z) indicate inversion speed model；σ2Indicate the variance of speed approximation ratio；AVG indicates the average value of speed approximation ratio；Nx、
Ny and Nz indicates grid geological model V respectivelytrueThe grid number in the directions (x, z) x, z.
Above-mentioned steps 104 to 1011 are the step of execution required for every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system, and
The present invention devises more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems, then to repeat step 104 to more than 1011 times.Therefore,
In embodiments of the present invention, step 1012 is executed as follows：Utilize more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation system weights
Step 104 is executed again and obtains multiple variances to more than 1011 times, the multiple variance is compared, and obtains minimum variance, it is described
The corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of minimum variance is exactly the seismic prospecting data collecting observation for meeting exploration and requiring
System.
Embodiment：
It is illustrated by taking two-dimensional design as an example below.
1) 15000 meters long, deep 3500 meters of geology is established according to the previous data in certain domestic work area (i.e. geological prospecting region)
Model, using dx=25 meters and dz=25 meters of grid spacing discretization geological models, it is Nx=respectively to obtain vertically and horizontally grid number
The grid geological model V of 600 and Nz=140true(x, z), as shown in Figure 2.
2) 6 sets of different seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems are established.Shot point range is from 2500 meters to 12500 meter, big gun
125 meters of spacing is put, totally 81 big gun；25 meters of geophone station spacing.Maximum offset is respectively set in the case that the above observed parameter is constant
5 sets of seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems for being 500 meters, 1000 meters, 1500 meters, 2000 meters and 2500 meters and 1 set of fully intermeshing
Seismic prospecting data collecting observation system.
3) with 1000 meters of the smooth grid geological model V of smooth radiustrue(x, z) is obtained for the initial of full waveform inversion
Model V0(x, z), as shown in Figure 3.
4) a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is selected, to grid geological model Vtrue(x, z) is in time and space
Finite difference Acoustic Forward Modeling is done in domain, obtains observation data D (s, x, 0, t), and wherein source wavelet is 9Hz Ricker wavelets；Note
Record length is 6s.
5) using identical seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in step 4) and forward modeling parameter to initial model V0(x,
Z) forward simulation is done, determines the seismic wave field Uf (s, t, x, z) of each moment shot point forward-propagating, and obtains initial model simulation
Data O (s, x, 0, t).
6) the observation data between calculating observation data D (s, x, 0, t) and initial model analogue data O (s, x, 0, t) are residual
Poor E (s, x, 0, t)=D (s, x, 0, t)-O (s, x, 0, t).
7) use the inverse time data E (s, x, 0, T-t) of data difference E that is obtained in step 6) as the source at geophone station, into
Row forward simulation, determines the inverse time propagating wavefield Ub (s, T-t, x, z) of different moments geophone station residual error, wherein the moment be expressed as from
T to 0.
8) formula dV (x, z)=∑ is usedTUf (s, t, x, z) * Ub (s, t, x, z) computation model speed renewal amounts dV (x,
Z) it is used to update initial velocity model.
9) formula V ' is used0(x, z)=V0(x, z)+dV (x, z) is updated with the speed renewal amount dV (x, z) in step 8)
Initial model V0(x,z)。
And continue step 5) to step 9), until dV ' (x, z) * dV ' (x, z)/(V '0(x,z)*V′0(x,z))<10-5, obtain
To inversion speed model Vnew(x,z)。
10) step 4) is repeated to step 9), is calculated remaining 5 seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems, is obtained 6 invertings
Rate pattern Vnew(x, z), as shown in figures 4-9.
11) 6 inversion speed model V are calculatednew(x, z) and grid geological model VtrueThe speed of (x, z) each grid is forced
Short range degree approx (x, z), and the average value AVG of approx (x, z) is obtained, the variance of approx (x, z) is finally calculated, it is maximum
The corresponding variance point of observation system inversion speed model that geophone offset is 500 meters, 1000 meters, 1500 meters, 2000 meters and 2500 meters
Not Wei 0.0293,0.0255,0.0269,0.027 and 0.0223, the corresponding variance of fully intermeshing observation system inversion speed model is
0.013.Since 2000 meters of seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems below of maximum offset can not restrain in calculating process
(i.e. variance is minimum), calculating speed is approached to have little significance with variance, therefore thinks that maximum offset is 2500 meters of seismic prospecting number
It is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system for meeting exploration and requiring according to acquisition observation system.
Based on same inventive concept, a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting is additionally provided in the embodiment of the present invention
Observation system evaluating apparatus, as described in the following examples.Since complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is commented
The principle that valence device solves the problems, such as is similar to complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method, therefore complicated
The implementation of tectonic province seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus may refer to complex structural area seismic exploration data and adopt
Collect the implementation of observation system evaluation method, overlaps will not be repeated.Following utilized, term " unit " or " module " can
To realize the combination of the software and/or hardware of predetermined function.Although device described in following embodiment is preferably come with software
It realizes, but the realization of the combination of hardware or software and hardware is also that may and be contemplated.
Figure 10 is one kind of the complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention
Structure diagram, as shown in Figure 10, including：
Grid geological model establishes module 1001, for establishing Geological Model according to historical earthquake data and historical interpretation data
Type obtains grid geological model using geological model described in grid spacing discretization；
Observation system establishes module 1002, for establishing more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems；
Inverting initial model establishes module 1003, the initial model for establishing full waveform inversion model；
It is held using every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Row following steps：
Seismic observation data computing module 1004 is simulated, for utilizing wherein a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system
Finite-difference forward modeling is done in time and space domain to the grid geological model, obtains simulation seismic observation data, the mould
Quasi- seismic observation data includes forward modeling parameter；
Execute following iterative step：
Seismic wave field and initial model analogue data computing module 1005, for utilizing same set of seismic prospecting data collecting
Observation system and the forward modeling parameter do forward simulation to the initial model, determine the earthquake of each moment shot point forward-propagating
Wave field and initial model analogue data；
Observe data residual computations module 1006, for calculating simulation seismic observation data and initial model analogue data it
Between observation data residual error；
Inverse time propagating wavefield computing module 1007, for utilizing the initial model, to observe the inverse time number of data residual error
Forward simulation is carried out according to as the source at geophone station, determines the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；
Speed renewal amount computing module 1008, for utilizing the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield calculating speed
Renewal amount；
Update module 1009, for updating the initial model using the speed renewal amount；
Inversion speed model computation module 1010, for continuing to execute iterative step using updated initial model, directly
Iteration terminates when meeting preset condition to speed renewal amount, obtains inversion speed model；
Speed approximation ratio and variance computing module 1011, for calculating the inversion speed model and the grid geology
The variance of the speed approximation ratio of each grid of model and the speed approximation ratio；
Comparison module 1012 compares for that will obtain multiple variances using more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Compared with obtaining minimum variance, the corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of the minimum variance be to meet the ground of exploration requirement
Seismic exploration data acquire observation system.
The structure is illustrated below.
In embodiments of the present invention, the inverting initial model is established module 1003 and is specifically used for：
The initial model of full waveform inversion model is established in the following way：
Using the preset smooth smooth grid geological model of radius, the initial model of the full waveform inversion model is obtained.
In embodiments of the present invention, the forward modeling parameter includes source wavelet frequency and record time.
In embodiments of the present invention, the speed renewal amount computing module 1008 is specifically used for：Using involved in step 108
The formula arrived is using the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield according to following formula calculating speed renewal amount.
In embodiments of the present invention, the update module 1009 is specifically used for：Using the formula profit arrived involved in step 109
With the speed renewal amount initial model is updated according to following formula.
In embodiments of the present invention, the speed approximation ratio and variance computing module 1011 are specifically used for：Using step
Involved in 1011 to formula calculate the speed of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model and approach journey
The variance of degree and the speed approximation ratio.
In embodiments of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor
And the computer program that can be run on a memory and on a processor is stored, when the processor executes the computer program
Realize seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area described above.
In embodiments of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, the calculating
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing, which is stored with, executes seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area described above
Computer program.
In conclusion complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method proposed by the present invention and dress
It sets, on the basis of studying full waveform inversion method, using the high-resolution characteristic of full waveform inversion, by full waveform inversion application
It is designed in complex geological structure area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system.Initially set up theory position and N set observations system
It unites and carries out forward simulation respectively and obtain analogue data (record)；Then full waveform inversion initial model is established, for every suit
The seismic observation data of observation system simulation gained carries out full waveform inversion, finally obtains the full waveform inversion of respective forward modeling data
Rate pattern；The diversity factor that the inversion speed models and theory model that observation system obtains is covered by comparing N reaches evaluation observation
The purpose of system quality.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the present invention can be provided as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
Apply the form of example.Moreover, the present invention can be used in one or more wherein include computer usable program code computer
The computer program production implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)
The form of product.
The present invention be with reference to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the flow of equipment (system) and computer program product
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that can be realized by computer program instructions every first-class in flowchart and/or the block diagram
The combination of flow and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.These computer programs can be provided
Instruct the processor of all-purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce
A raw machine so that the instruction executed by computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices is generated for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one flow of flow chart or one box of multiple flows and/or block diagram or multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, can guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works so that instruction generation stored in the computer readable memory includes referring to
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or one box of block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that count
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the embodiment of the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made by
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method, which is characterized in that including：
Geological model is established according to historical earthquake data and historical interpretation data, utilizes Geological Model described in grid spacing discretization
Type obtains grid geological model；
Establish more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems；
Establish the initial model of full waveform inversion model；
It is executed such as using every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Lower step：
The grid geological model is done in time and space domain using wherein a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system limited
Difference forward simulation obtains simulation seismic observation data, and the simulation seismic observation data includes forward modeling parameter；
Execute following iterative step：
Forward simulation is done to the initial model using same set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system and the forward modeling parameter,
Determine the seismic wave field and initial model analogue data of each moment shot point forward-propagating；
Observation data residual error between calculating simulation seismic observation data and initial model analogue data；
Using the initial model, the inverse time data to observe data residual error carry out forward simulation as the source at geophone station, really
Determine the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；
Utilize the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield calculating speed renewal amount；
The initial model is updated using the speed renewal amount；
Iterative step is continued to execute using updated initial model, until iteration knot when speed renewal amount meets preset condition
Beam obtains inversion speed model；
The speed approximation ratio and the speed for calculating the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model are forced
The variance of short range degree；
More set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems will be utilized to obtain multiple variances to be compared, obtain minimum variance, it is described
The corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of minimum variance is the seismic prospecting data collecting observation system for meeting exploration and requiring
System.
2. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The initial model of full waveform inversion model is established in the following way：
Using the preset smooth smooth grid geological model of radius, the initial model of the full waveform inversion model is obtained.
3. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The forward modeling parameter includes source wavelet frequency and record time.
4. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, using the seismic wave field and
The inverse time propagating wavefield is according to following formula calculating speed renewal amount：
DV (x, z)=∑TUf(s,t,x,z)*Ub(s,t,x,z)；
Wherein, dV (x, z) indicates speed renewal amount；Uf (s, t, x, z) indicates the seismic wave field of each moment shot point forward-propagating,
Ub (s, t, x, z) indicates the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；S indicates shot point number；X, z indicate two-dimensional space
Position；T indicates the record time, and the value range of t is 0 to T；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, the seismic wave is utilized
Field and the inverse time propagating wavefield are according to following formula calculating speed renewal amount：
DV (x, y, z)=∑TUf(s,t,x,y,z)*Ub(s,t,x,y,z)；
Wherein, dV (x, y, z) indicates speed renewal amount；Uf (s, t, x, y, z) indicates the earthquake of each moment shot point forward-propagating
Wave field, Ub (s, t, x, y, z) indicate the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；S indicates shot point number；X, y, z table
Show three-dimensional space position；T indicates the record time, and the value range of t is 0 to T.
5. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area as claimed in claim 4, works as seismic prospecting
When data acquisition observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, using the speed renewal amount according to following public affairs
Formula updates the initial model：
V0' (x, z)=V0(x,z)+dV(x,z)；
Wherein, V0' (x, z) indicates updated initial model；V0(x, z) indicates initial model；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, more using the speed
New amount updates the initial model according to following formula：
V0' (x, y, z)=V0(x,y,z)+dV(x,y,z)；
Wherein, V0' (x, y, z) indicates updated initial model；V0(x, y, z) indicates initial model.
6. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area as claimed in claim 5, the default item
Part is：
dV′(x,z)*dV′(x,z)/(V0′(x,z)*V0′(x,z))<10-5；
Wherein, dV ' (x, z) indicates updated speed renewal amount.
7. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method in complex structural area as claimed in claim 5, works as seismic prospecting
When data acquisition observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, the inversion speed is calculated according to following formula
The variance of model and the speed approximation ratio and the speed approximation ratio of each grid of grid geological model：
Approx (x, z)=| Vtrue(x,z)-Vnew(x,z)|/Vtrue(x,z)；
Wherein, approx (x, z) indicates speed approximation ratio；Vtrue(x, z) indicates grid geological model；Vnew(x, z) indicates anti-
Drill rate pattern；σ2Indicate the variance of speed approximation ratio；AVG indicates the average value of speed approximation ratio；Nx and Nz distinguishes table
Show grid geological model VtrueThe grid number of (x, z) along the direction x, z；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, according to following formula meter
Calculate the speed approximation ratio of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model and the speed approximation ratio
Variance：
Approx (x, y, z)=| Vtrue(x,y,z)-Vnew(x,y,z)|/Vtrue(x,y,z)；
Wherein, approx (x, y, z) indicates speed approximation ratio；Vtrue(x, y, z) indicates grid geological model；Vnew(x,y,z)
Indicate inversion speed model；σ2Indicate the variance of speed approximation ratio；AVG indicates the average value of speed approximation ratio；Nx, Ny and
Nz indicates grid geological model V respectivelytrueThe grid number of (x, z) along x, y, z direction.
8. a kind of complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus, which is characterized in that including：
Grid geological model establishes module, for establishing geological model according to historical earthquake data and historical interpretation data, utilizes
Geological model described in grid spacing discretization, obtains grid geological model；
Observation system establishes module, for establishing more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems；
Inverting initial model establishes module, the initial model for establishing full waveform inversion model；
It is executed such as using every suit seismic prospecting data collecting observation system in more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems
Lower step：
Seismic observation data computing module is simulated, for utilizing wherein a set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system to the net
Lattice geological model does finite-difference forward modeling in time and space domain, obtains simulation seismic observation data, and the simulation earthquake is seen
Measured data includes forward modeling parameter；
Execute following iterative step：
Seismic wave field and initial model analogue data computing module, for utilizing same set of seismic prospecting data collecting observation system
Forward simulation is done to the initial model with the forward modeling parameter, determine each moment shot point forward-propagating seismic wave field and just
Beginning modeling data；
Data residual computations module is observed, for the observation between calculating simulation seismic observation data and initial model analogue data
Data residual error；
Inverse time propagating wavefield computing module, for utilizing the initial model, to observe the inverse time data of data residual error as examining
Source at wave point carries out forward simulation, determines the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；
Speed renewal amount computing module, for utilizing the seismic wave field and the inverse time propagating wavefield calculating speed renewal amount；
Update module, for updating the initial model using the speed renewal amount；
Inversion speed model computation module, for continuing to execute iterative step using updated initial model, until speed is more
Iteration terminates when new amount meets preset condition, obtains inversion speed model；
Speed approximation ratio and variance computing module, it is each for calculating the inversion speed model and the grid geological model
The variance of the speed approximation ratio of grid and the speed approximation ratio；
Comparison module is compared for more set seismic prospecting data collecting observation systems will to be utilized to obtain multiple variances, obtains
Minimum variance, the corresponding seismic prospecting data collecting observation system of the minimum variance are the seismic prospecting number for meeting exploration and requiring
According to acquisition observation system.
9. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus in complex structural area as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that
The inverting initial model is established module and is specifically used for：
The initial model of full waveform inversion model is established in the following way：
Using the preset smooth smooth grid geological model of radius, the initial model of the full waveform inversion model is obtained.
10. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus in complex structural area as claimed in claim 8, feature exist
In the forward modeling parameter includes source wavelet frequency and record time.
11. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus in complex structural area as claimed in claim 8, feature exist
In the speed renewal amount computing module is specifically used for：
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, the seismic wave is utilized
Field and the inverse time propagating wavefield are according to following formula calculating speed renewal amount：
DV (x, z)=∑TUf(s,t,x,z)*Ub(s,t,x,z)；
Wherein, dV (x, z) indicates speed renewal amount；Uf (s, t, x, z) indicates the seismic wave field of each moment shot point forward-propagating,
Ub (s, t, x, z) indicates the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；S indicates shot point number；X, z indicate two-dimensional space
Position；T indicates the record time, and the value range of t is 0 to T；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, the seismic wave is utilized
Field and the inverse time propagating wavefield are according to following formula calculating speed renewal amount：
DV (x, y, z)=∑TUf(s,t,x,y,z)*Ub(s,t,x,y,z)；
Wherein, dV (x, y, z) indicates speed renewal amount；Uf (s, t, x, y, z) indicates the earthquake of each moment shot point forward-propagating
Wave field, Ub (s, t, x, y, z) indicate the inverse time propagating wavefield of different moments geophone station residual error；S indicates shot point number；X, y, z table
Show three-dimensional space position；T indicates the record time, and the value range of t is 0 to T.
12. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus in complex structural area as claimed in claim 11, feature exist
In the update module is specifically used for：
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, more using the speed
New amount updates the initial model according to following formula：
V0' (x, z)=V0(x,z)+dV(x,z)；
Wherein, V0' (x, z) indicates updated initial model；V0(x, z) indicates initial model；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, more using the speed
New amount updates the initial model according to following formula：
V0' (x, y, z)=V0(x,y,z)+dV(x,y,z)；
Wherein, V0' (x, y, z) indicates updated initial model；V0(x, y, z) indicates initial model.
13. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus in complex structural area as claimed in claim 12, feature exist
In the preset condition is：
dV′(x,z)*dV′(x,z)/(V0′(x,z)*V0′(x,z))<10-5；
Wherein, dV ' (x, z) indicates updated speed renewal amount.
14. seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluating apparatus in complex structural area as claimed in claim 12, feature exist
In the speed approximation ratio and variance computing module are specifically used for：
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that two-dimensional seismic survey data acquire observation system, according to following formula meter
Calculate the speed approximation ratio of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model and the speed approximation ratio
Variance：
Approx (x, z)=| Vtrue(x,z)-Vnew(x,z)|/Vtrue(x,z)；
Wherein, approx (x, z) indicates speed approximation ratio；Vtrue(x, z) indicates grid geological model；Vnew(x, z) indicates anti-
Drill rate pattern；σ2Indicate the variance of speed approximation ratio；AVG indicates the average value of speed approximation ratio；Nx and Nz distinguishes table
Show grid geological model VtrueThe grid number of (x, z) along the direction x, z；
When seismic prospecting data collecting observation system is that 3-d seismic exploration data acquire observation system, according to following formula meter
Calculate the speed approximation ratio of the inversion speed model and each grid of grid geological model and the speed approximation ratio
Variance：
Approx (x, y, z)=| Vtrue(x,y,z)-Vnew(x,y,z)|/Vtrue(x,y,z)；
Wherein, approx (x, y, z) indicates speed approximation ratio；Vtrue(x, y, z) indicates grid geological model；Vnew(x,y,z)
Indicate inversion speed model；σ2Indicate the variance of speed approximation ratio；AVG indicates the average value of speed approximation ratio；Nx, Ny and
Nz indicates grid geological model V respectivelytrueThe grid number of (x, z) along x, y, z direction.
15. a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and storage are on a memory and the meter that can run on a processor
Calculation machine program, which is characterized in that the processor realizes that claim 1 to 7 is any described multiple when executing the computer program
Miscellaneous tectonic province seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method.
16. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that the computer-readable recording medium storage has perform claim
It is required that the computer program of 1 to 7 any complex structural area seismic prospecting data collecting observation system evaluation method.
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