CN108680409B - Sample preparation device applied to fine grained soil to control compaction degree - Google Patents
Sample preparation device applied to fine grained soil to control compaction degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN108680409B CN108680409B CN201810459104.7A CN201810459104A CN108680409B CN 108680409 B CN108680409 B CN 108680409B CN 201810459104 A CN201810459104 A CN 201810459104A CN 108680409 B CN108680409 B CN 108680409B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
Abstract
The invention discloses a sample preparation device applied to fine grained soil to control compaction degree, which comprises a rigid frame, a stirring system, a compaction system, a steam generation system and a measurement system, wherein a compaction barrel is arranged on the rigid frame, and a steam guide pipe connected with the steam generation system is arranged below the compaction barrel; quantitative control is realized by accurately controlling the downward displacement of the compaction rod and combining accurate observation of an acrylic scale on the side wall of the compaction barrel; in the compaction process, the water content of the sample does not need to be transferred to other containers again after being prepared, so that water evaporation caused by soil sample transfer can be avoided, and the test precision is effectively improved; the scheme can also be applied to soil compaction tests, the optimal moisture content and the maximum dry density of the soil sample are determined by drawing compaction curves, the integration and the multiple purposes are realized, the trouble that a compaction tester needs to be used for tests is eliminated, and the practical value and the popularization value are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical tests, in particular to a sample preparation device applied to fine grained soil for accurately controlling compaction degree, which provides a more convenient and accurate tool for remolding fine grained soil to prepare samples with different compaction degrees and different water contents in an indoor test and can be used as a compaction test instrument.
Background
In geotechnical engineering practice, physical and mechanical properties of various heavy plastic fine-grained soils under different compaction degrees need to be researched frequently, and guidance is provided for engineering practice. Soil sample compaction is the work required in the first step of all soil tests, and the indoor soil tests at the present stage mainly depend on manual experience when samples with different compaction degrees and water contents are manufactured, so that the samples are mostly controlled qualitatively, and a sample preparation device which is convenient, quantitative and strong in pertinence is lacked; the compactness is controlled by the water content, but at present, the soil sample is firstly uniformly stirred outside and then is put into a sample making device container for compaction, during the process, water evaporation and the like possibly exist to influence the test precision, the practical application is not facilitated, so that the compactness inside the prepared sample is not uniform, the water content is not accurate, and the compactness of the prepared sample finished product has a larger difference with a design value. Considering the factors of inconvenience and poor precision caused by the fact that the existing sample preparation device adopts pure manual sample preparation or is operated by experience, the design of the sample preparation device applied to fine-grained soil compaction control is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sample preparation device applied to fine grained soil compaction control, and provides a sample preparation tool which is easy to operate and accurate to control for preparing remolded cohesive soil with different water contents and different compaction degrees in an indoor soil test.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a sample preparation device applied to fine soil for controlling compaction degree comprises a rigid frame, a stirring system, a compaction system, a steam generation system and a measurement system, wherein a compaction barrel is arranged on the rigid frame, and a steam guide pipe connected with the steam generation system is arranged below the compaction barrel;
the compaction system comprises a driving device, a compaction rod and a piston connected with the compaction rod, the compaction rod is connected with the driving device, the piston is arranged in the compaction barrel and matched with the inner diameter of the compaction barrel, the driving device controls the compaction rod to move up and down in a telescopic mode so as to drive the piston to move up and down in the compaction barrel, and the soil sample is compacted to the required volume; the stirring system comprises a stirring rod and a stirring plate arranged at the end part of the stirring rod, a first through hole matched with the stirring plate in shape is arranged on a piston, the stirring rod is connected with a driving device, the driving device controls the stirring rod to rotate and realizes the up-and-down movement of the stirring rod along the first through hole, and after the stirring is finished, the stirring rod moves upwards under the action of the driving device to enable the bottom surface of the stirring plate and the bottom surface of the piston to be tightly attached and to be on the same horizontal plane;
the steam generation system comprises a water tank, an ultrasonic steam generator and a turbine steam pressurizer, wherein the water tank is connected with the ultrasonic steam generator, the ultrasonic steam generator is connected with the turbine steam pressurizer, the turbine steam pressurizer is connected with a steam guide pipe, and generated high-pressure steam is injected into the soil sample through the long and thin steam guide pipe to realize uniform humidification of the soil sample; the measuring system comprises optical fibers, an optical fiber demodulator and a moisture content digital display, wherein the optical fibers are arranged along the inner wall of the compaction barrel, and are connected with the optical fiber demodulator to detect indexes such as the temperature and the moisture content of the soil sample, and the moisture content of the soil sample can be monitored in real time when steam is injected.
Further, the compaction bucket includes a cask and sets up the system appearance bucket in the cask below, vertically is provided with a bar slotted hole on the lateral wall of compaction bucket, is provided with ya keli scale in the bar slotted hole to in the compaction height of the soil sample in the real-time observation bucket, thereby ensure the accuracy of sample compactness.
Furthermore, the system appearance bucket includes two semicircle lamella moulds, is provided with the cutting ring in the system appearance bucket, is provided with the free switch of fixed lock in order to realize the system appearance bucket on the lateral wall of two semicircle lamella moulds, conveniently takes out the soil sample that makes.
Furthermore, the inner surface of the cutting ring, which is contacted with the soil sample, and the inner wall of the compaction barrel are coated with Teflon coating layers, so that the mould can be conveniently detached.
Further, still be provided with horizontal baffle on the compaction pole, be provided with the second through-hole that matches with the puddler on the horizontal baffle, the puddler passes the second through-hole to carry on spacingly to the puddler, reach the effect of stable stirring.
Furthermore, the cross section of the stirring plate is in a cross shape, so that the stirring is more uniform.
Furthermore, a groove is formed in the inner wall of the compaction barrel, and the optical fibers are arranged in the groove, so that the optical fibers are effectively protected, and the optical fibers are prevented from being damaged and influenced by stirring and pressing of a soil body in real time.
Furthermore, the steam guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sample in a high-density mode, the inner diameter of the steam guide pipe is 0.3mm-1mm, filter paper is arranged above the steam guide pipe, and soil particles are prevented from blocking the steam guide pipe on the premise that the contact area of water vapor and the sample is increased.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the compaction degree sample preparation device provided by the invention humidifies the soil sample in a steam mode, realizes the monitoring of the water content of the soil sample through the optical fiber, and can accurately configure the soil sample with specific water content; quantitative control is realized by accurately controlling the downward displacement of the compaction rod and combining accurate observation of an acrylic scale on the side wall of the compaction barrel, for example, the dry density of the soil sample is controlled, the soil sample is stopped when being pressed to a certain position (the dry density of the soil sample corresponding to the soil sample), and the test precision is high;
(2) the compaction degree is controlled by controlling the water content, the scheme is that the water vapor is used for directly stirring in the compaction barrel, and the water vapor and the soil sample are uniformly mixed and humidified; in the compaction process, the water content can be prepared, so that the water evaporation caused by stirring and humidifying other samples outside and compacting in a container is avoided, and the precision is further improved;
(3) the existing compaction tool only carries out compaction, after the compaction is finished, the existing compaction tool is generally placed on a compaction tester, and the relation between the maximum dry density and the optimal water content is obtained according to a compaction curve; but the sample preparation device provided by the scheme can directly perform compaction test and draw a compaction curve after compaction is finished except for accurate sample preparation, determines the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the soil sample, realizes multiple functions, and saves the trouble of needing a compaction tester to perform test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure between the compacting system and the stirring system in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the compaction bucket of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, a sample preparation device applied to fine soil compaction control comprises a rigid frame 6, a stirring system, a compaction system, a steam generation system and a measurement system, wherein a compaction barrel 13 is arranged on the rigid frame 6, and a steam conduit 14 connected with the steam generation system is arranged below the compaction barrel 13; the compaction system comprises a driving device 1, a compaction rod 4 and a piston 7 connected with the compaction rod 4, the compaction rod 4 is connected with the driving device 1, the driving device can be designed by adopting structures such as a hydraulic device, a motor and the like, the driving device is an existing device and is not elaborated in detail, the piston 7 is arranged in a compaction barrel 13 and is matched with the inner diameter of the compaction barrel 13, and the driving device 1 controls the compaction rod 4 to move up and down in a telescopic mode so as to drive the piston 7 to move up and down in the compaction barrel 13 and compact a soil sample to a required volume;
the stirring system comprises a stirring rod 3 and a stirring plate 10 arranged at the end part of the stirring rod 3, as shown in fig. 2, a first through hole matched with the shape of the stirring plate 10 is arranged on a piston 7, in the embodiment, the cross section of the stirring plate 10 is cross-shaped, so that the stirring is more uniform, the stirring rod 3 is connected with a driving device, the driving device controls the stirring rod to rotate and realize the up-and-down movement of the stirring rod along the first through hole, after the stirring is finished, the stirring rod moves upwards under the action of the driving device, so that the bottom surface of the stirring plate 10 is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the piston 7 and is on the same horizontal plane, in order to realize accurate positioning, a horizontal baffle plate 5 is fixedly arranged on a compaction rod 4, a stop block 21 is arranged on the stirring rod 3, when the bottom surfaces are tightly attached, the stop block 21 on the stirring rod 3 is just stopped by the baffle plate 5, and when the compaction rod, the stirring plate 10 and the piston 7 compact the soil sample together, the horizontal baffle 5 is provided with a second through hole matched with the stirring rod 3, the stirring rod 3 penetrates through the second through hole, the stirring rod 3 can be limited during stirring, and the effect of stable stirring is achieved.
In addition, with continued reference to fig. 1, the steam generation system includes a water tank 18, an ultrasonic steam generator 19 and a turbine steam pressurizer 17, in this embodiment, the water tank, the ultrasonic steam generator and the turbine steam pressurizer all adopt existing available equipment, the water tank 18 is connected with the ultrasonic steam generator 19, the ultrasonic steam generator 19 is connected with the turbine steam pressurizer 17, the turbine steam pressurizer 17 is connected with the steam conduit 14, and the generated high-pressure steam is injected into the soil sample in the compaction barrel through the long and thin steam conduit 14, so as to achieve uniform humidification of the soil sample; measurement system includes optic fibre 9, optic fibre demodulation appearance 16 and moisture content digital display 8, optic fibre 9 sets up along 13 inner walls of compaction bucket, is provided with the recess that matches with optic fibre on the compaction bucket inner wall, optic fibre lays in the recess to effective protection optic fibre prevents that soil body stirring and pressure from causing damage, influence monitoring to optic fibre in real time, and optic fibre 9 links to each other with optic fibre demodulation appearance 16 for indexes such as detection soil sample temperature and moisture content, when penetrating steam, can the moisture content of real-time supervision soil sample to show through moisture content digital display.
As shown in fig. 3, the compaction barrel 13 includes a round barrel 131 and a sample preparation barrel 132 disposed below the round barrel 131, a bar-shaped groove hole 20 is vertically disposed on the side wall of the compaction barrel 13, an acrylic scale is disposed in the bar-shaped groove hole 20, so as to observe the compaction height of the soil sample in the barrel in real time, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the sample compaction degree, the sample preparation barrel 132 includes two half-circle-shaped molds, a cutting ring is disposed in the sample preparation barrel 132, and a fixing lock 12 is disposed on the side wall of the two half-circle-shaped molds, so as to realize the free opening and closing of the sample preparation barrel 132, thereby facilitating the extraction of the prepared soil sample.
In addition, in order to facilitate the removal of the mold, Teflon coating layers are coated on the inner surface of the cutting ring, which is in contact with the soil sample, and the inner wall of the compaction barrel, the steam guide pipes are distributed at the bottom of the sample in a high density mode, the inner diameter of each steam guide pipe is 0.3-1 mm, preferably 0.5mm, filter paper is arranged above each steam guide pipe, and the steam guide pipes are prevented from being blocked by soil particles on the premise that the contact area of water vapor and the sample is increased.
The operation of the sample preparation device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following specific processing procedures:
(1) firstly, preprocessing is carried out, and the height h of the cutting ring is measured0Total weight m of cutting ring and Teflon coating0Radius r of bottom surface of cutting ring0And calculating the bottom area (bottom area of the cutting ring) s of the compaction barrel0；
(2) Opening various sensors and checking the tightness of the instrument, buckling the two half-round valve molds, placing the two half-round valve molds under the barrel to enable the scales on the two sides to be matched with the scales on the two sides of the compaction barrel, opening the ultrasonic steam generator to preheat the barrel for 5-10 min, and pouring weighed M mass into the compaction barrel1Recording the water content ρ of the soil sample1；
(3) Adjusting the position of the stirring rod to enable the cross stirring plate to be completely penetrated into the soil sample, turning on the switch to enable the cross stirring plate to rotate, and turning on the turbine steam pressurizer to enable the generated steam to be injected into the soil sample at a higher pressure;
(4) the water content change is monitored in real time through the water content digital display, and when the displayed numerical value reaches rho2When the ultrasonic steam generator, the turbine steam pressurizer and the cross stirring plate are closed, the water content is rho2The soil sample of (1);
the controller causes the cross-shaped stirring plate to rise along the first through hole of the piston, and the stirring rod is just blocked by the baffle when the bottom of the cross-shaped stirring plate is matched with the bottom of the piston.
(5) Opening the driving device, setting the downward displacement of the compaction rod, and observing the compaction condition of the soil sample in real time through the acrylic scale plates on the two sides of the compaction barrel; stopping the driving device after the rigid piston moves to the position H calculated in advance, standing for 1-2 min, opening the two semicircular valve molds, taking out the cutting ring, cutting off the uneven part of the soil sample surface by using the soil cutting knife, weighing the total weight m of the soil sample and the cutting ring1。
Processing data: if the density of the soil sample after compaction is upsilon, the volume V of the soil sample after compaction is provided1＝H*s0Mass of
Therefore it has the advantages of
M1-initial mass of the soil sample; m2Water cut up to p2The soil sample quality; rho1-initial moisture content of the soil sample; rho2-target moisture content of the soil sample; h-the height of the compacted soil sample; s0-compacting barrel, ring knife cross-sectional area.
And (3) precision detection: (m)1-m0)＝η(ν*s0*h0)，
h0-an initial height of the soil sample; m is0-a ring cutter mass; m is1Soil sample and cutting ring mass.
According to the experimental statistical result, if |1- η | is less than or equal to 3%, the precision of the soil sample reaches the standard.
In the compaction test, the water content of the sample is ρaHeight H of the compacted sampleaThe dry density of the sample mass is:
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A sample preparation device applied to fine grained soil to control compaction degree is characterized by comprising a rigid frame, a stirring system, a compaction system, a steam generation system and a measurement system, wherein a compaction barrel is arranged on the rigid frame, a steam guide pipe connected with the steam generation system is arranged below the compaction barrel, the compaction barrel comprises a barrel and a sample preparation barrel arranged below the barrel, a strip-shaped groove hole is vertically formed in the side wall of the compaction barrel, and an acrylic graduated scale is arranged in the strip-shaped groove hole;
the compaction system comprises a driving device, a compaction rod and a piston connected with the compaction rod, the compaction rod is connected with the driving device, the piston is arranged in the compaction barrel and matched with the inner diameter of the compaction barrel, and the driving device controls the compaction rod to move up and down in a telescopic mode so as to drive the piston to move up and down in the compaction barrel to compact a soil sample; the stirring system comprises a stirring rod and a stirring plate arranged at the end part of the stirring rod, a first through hole matched with the shape of the stirring plate is arranged on a piston, the stirring rod is connected with a driving device, and the driving device controls the stirring rod to rotate and realizes the up-and-down movement of the stirring rod along the first through hole;
the steam generation system comprises a water tank, an ultrasonic steam generator and a turbine steam pressurizer, wherein the water tank is connected with the ultrasonic steam generator, the ultrasonic steam generator is connected with the turbine steam pressurizer, and the turbine steam pressurizer is connected with a steam guide pipe to realize steam humidification on the soil sample; the measuring system comprises optical fibers, an optical fiber demodulator and a moisture content digital display, wherein the optical fibers are arranged along the inner wall of the compaction barrel, and the optical fibers are connected with the optical fiber demodulator to detect the temperature and the moisture content index of the soil sample and display the moisture content by the moisture content digital display.
2. The sample preparation device applied to fine soil compaction control according to claim 1, wherein: the sample preparation barrel comprises two semicircular valve molds, a cutting ring is arranged in the sample preparation barrel, and fixing locks are arranged on the side walls of the two semicircular valve molds.
3. The sample preparation device applied to fine soil compaction control according to claim 2, wherein: the compacting rod is further provided with a horizontal baffle, a second through hole matched with the stirring rod is formed in the horizontal baffle, and the stirring rod penetrates through the second through hole.
4. The sample preparation device applied to fine soil compaction control according to claim 3, wherein: the cross section of the stirring plate is in a cross shape.
5. The sample preparation device applied to fine soil compaction control according to claim 4, wherein: and Teflon coating layers are respectively coated on the inner surface of the cutting ring, which is in contact with the soil sample, and the inner wall of the compaction barrel.
6. The sample preparation device applied to fine soil for controlling compaction degree according to claim 5, wherein: the inner wall of the compaction barrel is provided with a groove, and the optical fibers are arranged in the groove.
7. The sample preparation device applied to fine soil compaction control according to claim 6, wherein: the inner diameter of the steam conduit is 0.3mm-1mm, and filter paper is arranged above the steam conduit.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109297782B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-01-26 | 刘海松 | Soil sample humidifying and dehumidifying device |
| CN113941266A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-01-18 | 中山大学 | Small-size integrated device of appointed moisture content of preparation and soil additive content soil sample |
| CN113008641B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2024-01-30 | 洛阳理工学院 | Combined type multi-connected sample preparation instrument and method for remolded soil ring cutter samples |
| CN114323830A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-04-12 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Soil preparation device and method |
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