CN1086791A

CN1086791A - A kind of manufacture method of high quality brown coal base active carbon

Info

Publication number: CN1086791A
Application number: CN92113129A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹承绪; 黄绍贤; 黄友莉; 赵家云
Original assignee: KUNMING COAL SCIENCE INST
Current assignee: KUNMING COAL SCIENCE INST
Priority date: 1992-11-10
Filing date: 1992-11-10
Publication date: 1994-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2007-11-10
Also published as: CN1032056C

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of brown coal that utilize China's richness to deposit and make the method for high quality brown coal base active carbon for raw material.This method is accurately controlled the raw material granularity proportioning by the science batching of selecting materials, and with material charing 4-8 hours under 400-900 ℃ of temperature, activates 10-50 hours under 850-950 ℃ of temperature, makes well behaved gac.Show that after tested the high quality brown coal base active carbon specific surface area is big, iodine sorption value, methylenum coeruleum adsorptive value are all high, reach the GB requirement.The present invention saves the batching postprocessing working procedures without any Chemical Pretreatment or aftertreatment, shortened process and time, reduce facility investment, and can reduce the production cost 40% of gac.

Description

A kind of manufacture method of high quality brown coal base active carbon

The present invention relates to a kind of is that raw material is made gac with brown coal, particularly makes the method for brown coal base active carbon with high quality brown coal.

The production of present domestic active carbon from coal, the hard coals that adopt are done raw material more, for example: after the technological process that Chinese patent CN1062709A " active carbon made by woody brown coal ", GK87100558A " making the granulated active carbon method by coal " are proposed need add the binding agent molding, granulating, but just charing, activation obtain gac; Foreign patent AU8547977 " producing gac " with brown coal or mud coal; DD-228531 " with the burnt preparation of high temperature brown coal gac "; DD-268677 " with the burnt preparation of brown coal micropore gac " institute proposes to adopt brown coal production gac, then needs to carry out chemical substance treatment such as pickling or adding alkaline carbonate.Because chemical substance easily environment is produced pollution or to equipment corrosion, the production cost of gac is higher.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is raw material with the high quality brown coal, give processing or aftertreatment without any chemistry, adopt new manufacture method to produce the method for high quality brown coal base active carbon, adopt this method to produce gac, save feed proportioning postprocessing working procedures, shortened process and time, reduce facility investment, reduced the gac cost, for the big gac in ore deposit in various industry, environmental protection and commerce, possibility of its application on the national defence.

The selected exploitation ash of the present invention less than 8%, fugitive constituent is raw material at the high quality brown coal of 40-55%, earlier the brown coal crushing and screening is become the material of 1-25mm granularity, material is put into the dry distillation stove under 400-800 ℃ temperature dry distillation 2-8 hour, obtain dry distillation coal (carbonized material), the dry distillation coal is rescreened the branch reject wear into＜add the water of its weight ratio 6% and 12% coal tar behind the 100 purpose powdered carbons at 200-500Kg/cm less than the burgy of 1mm or with the dry distillation coal ²Be squeezed into airing behind the strip charcoal of 1-6mm under the pressure, joined the superheated vapour activation that under 850-950 ℃ of temperature, feeds in the continuously upright activation furnace of Si Liepu more than 500 ℃ 10-50 hour with rescreening dry distillation coal behind the branch or strip charcoal, just obtain amorphous or the strip brown coal base active carbon.

Now, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with brown coal base active carbon manufacturing process flow diagram 1.

The main raw material that the present invention makes active carbon method is to adopt the ash content of coal to be lower than 8% high quality brown coal, broken earlier, screening reaches the fragment of 1-25mm granularity, join secluding air in the dry distillation stove then, carry out indirect heating, volatile matter is reduced to below 8% by 40-60%, moisture is reduced to below 10% by about 50%, whole dry distillation process need 2-8 hour, temperature of charge is in 400-800 ℃ of scope, material is cracked naturally behind dry distillation, produce powdery carbon, scorching hot dry distillation coal draws off after water cooling, airing, screening removes the burgy of abandoning less than 1mm, then the dry distillation coal is joined in the Stepple furnace, the furnace temperature epimere is 400-800 ℃, the stage casing is 800-900 ℃, hypomere is 950-600 ℃, the dry distillation coal adds from the stove epimere, heat up gradually, 500 ℃ of superheated vapour activation that fed from the stove stage casing, steam contacts with the countercurrent flow of dry distillation coal, fall into hypomere then and lower the temperature gradually, with after the cooling of the saturation steam below 140 ℃, from stove, draw off at last, promptly obtain amorphous high quality brown coal base active carbon, whole reactivation process needs 10-30 hour.

Perhaps the dry distillation coal that above-mentioned dry distillation stove is come out is worn into less than 100 purpose powdered carbons, adds after the water of its weight ratio 6% and 12% coal tar (coal tar contains coal pitch prill 40-60%) mixes, at 200-500Kg/cm ²Pressure under be squeezed into the strip charcoal of 1-6mm, after air airing or oven dry, remove moisture content, join as above-mentioned process in the Stepple furnace with the superheated vapour activation, material stage casing in stove is left alone without help stays the time will prolong from the whole process of going into to expect discharging needs 20-50 hour.

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment 1,2,3.

Embodiment 1, (Laboratory Production)

Yunnan Province of China economize the pioneer mining area select high quality brown coal ore deposit point, with man-made recovery or scope machine instruction statement mining high quality brown coal waterborne, can not sneak into ashes in the exploitation greater than 8% brown coal, after jaw crusher is crushed to less than 25mm, sample examination, every quality index of its feed coal is: full moisture content 37%, air dried basis moisture content 14.38%, butt ash 2.10%, dry ash-free basis fugitive constituent 51.09%, the full sulphur 0.88% of dry base, dry ash-free basis carbon content 69.66%, dry ash-free basis hydrogen richness 4.90%, this sample are A.

Get 3 kilograms in A sample, be crushed to less than 6mm, sieve and go fine coal below the 1mm as sample B;

Get B sample 200 grams and place reactor, the reacting by heating still, heat-up rate by 2-5 ℃/min was heated to 550 ℃ of constant temperature 2 hours with the raw material in the reactor, finish the dry distillation process when no tobacco is discharged in the question response still vapor pipe, feed the water vapor of 10g/min flow then, pressure 0.02MPa continues to make reactor to heat up with the speed of 5 ℃ of per minutes, temperature when being raised to 900 ℃, continuing to feed steam, kept temperature 5 hours, carry out priming reaction and finish.Stop reactor being heated this moment, carries disconnected steam, allows reactor naturally cool to room temperature.Opening the reaction product that reactor obtains is brown coal base active carbon, and these product performance are:

Iodine number 1240.57mg/g, methylenum coeruleum suction value 242.82mg/g, water capacity 133.02ml, ash content 12.72%, product yield (is 100 in the dry base of raw coal) 10%.

Embodiment 2(industrialness is produced)

Get 1500 kilograms in A sample among the embodiment 1, it is sample C that sieve removes the fine coal less than 1mm;

Sampling C500 kilogram, joining the continuous downdraf of vertical type does not have in the dry distillation of the recovery stove, 700 ℃ of chamber temperatures, under 600 ℃ of the coking chamber temperature, dry distillation 2 hours, make volatile matter drop to below 8% dry distillation coal D, with dry distillation coal D through screening remove burgy (＜1mm), be added in the activation furnace; Be warming up to 500 ℃, enter in the activation section to contact and carry out priming reaction, 900 ℃ of temperature of reaction, 15 hours time with the activated stove superheater of 0.2MPa water vapor with the dry distillation coal.Discharging promptly obtains high quality brown coal base active carbon after the water cooling in stove, and its product performance are: ash 7.44%, iodine sorption value 868.79mg/g, methylenum coeruleum suction value 110mg/g, water capacity 76.4%, packing density 369g/l, intensity 88.3%, yield (to the butt feed coal) 25%.

Example 3: dry distillation coal D is worn into less than 100 purpose carbon dusts with high-efficiency vibration, close in the machine with the coal tar mixing of the water of weight ratio 6% and 12% in the control of two hinge cage even, with oil press at 200kg/cm ²The pressure extrusion moulding, airing is 2 days in air, adopt the widely different commentaries on classics charring furnace of coal gas heating to carry out charing and obtain fugitive constituent less than 5% strip carbonized material, join then in the Stepple furnace and activate 45 hours, obtain intensity and measure greater than 80% by GB/T12496.22-90, other index is not less than the strip high quality brown coal base active carbon of embodiment 2.

This high quality brown coal base active carbon ash＜12%, iodine suction matter＞800mg/g, specific surface area＞1000m/g, Yamamoto Methylene Blue ZF suction value＞105mg/g all reach the GB requirement.This product is used for tap water and purifies, and chromate waste water is handled, and decolorizing printing and dyeing waste water, concentration of precious metal, fruit and vegetable are fresh-keeping, the removal (as refrigerator) of various peculiar smell etc., reduce by 40% than like product cost, and excellent property.

Claims

1, a kind of is raw material with selected high quality brown coal, through fragmentation, screening, dry distillation, sieve, activate, make the method for high quality brown coal base active carbon again, it is characterized in that:

A, selected exploitation ash＜8%, fugitive constituent is a raw material at the high quality brown coal of 40-55%;

B, feed coal become the material of 1-25mm granularity through crushing and screening;

C, the material of selecting is put into the dry distillation stove under 400-800 ℃ temperature dry distillation 2-8 hour, obtain dry distillation coal (carbonized material);

D, the dry distillation coal is rescreened the burgy of branch reject＜1mm, perhaps the dry distillation coal is worn into＜added behind the 100 purpose powdered carbons water of its weight ratio 6% and 12% coal tar (coal tar contains coal-tar pitch 40-60%) at 200-500kg/cm ²Be squeezed into airing behind the strip charcoal of 1-6mm under the pressure;

E, will rescreen dry distillation coal behind the branch or strip charcoal and join the superheated vapour activation that under 850-950 ℃ of temperature, feeds in the continuously upright activation furnace of Si Liepu more than 500 ℃ 10-50 hour, obtain amorphous or the strip brown coal base active carbon.