CN108677956A - Covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method - Google Patents
Covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108677956A CN108677956A CN201810560893.3A CN201810560893A CN108677956A CN 108677956 A CN108677956 A CN 108677956A CN 201810560893 A CN201810560893 A CN 201810560893A CN 108677956 A CN108677956 A CN 108677956A
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- grouting
- rock
- contact surface
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- soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of covered karst development area rocks and soil layer contact surface grouting method, pass through enclosed successively dynamic grouting method, it is in the milk within the scope of 24 meters above and below the horizontal extent of 13 meters of structure foundation extension and rock and soil layer contact surface, fill all soil caves, lapies, fluid bowl, solution cavity through basement rock top plate is blocked using rapid hardening cementitious material, one layer of stable supporting course is formed with this.The present invention fills all soil caves near interface, superficial part solution cavity, lapies and fluid bowl by the supporting course that one layer of bearing capacity of formation significantly improves at ground interface that is in the milk, the channel for blocking karst to be developed to top soil ground.Slurries dosage can also be reduced in Practical Project, is shortened the construction period, and reduced project cost, be very suitable for the foundation treatment engineering of covered karst development area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of covered karst development area rock is filled with soil layer contact surface
Paste-making method.
Background technology
Karst features are that there is the water of corrosion power to carry out corrosion etc. to solublerock to be formed by earth's surface and underground
The general name of form.It is divided into bare karst, covered karst, embedded karst according to exposure condition, covered karst refers to pine
Dissipate the lower karst developed of deposit covering.The soluble carbonate salt rock distribution area in China is up to 3.44 × 106Km2, account for national territorial area
1/3 or more, wherein about 910,000 km of carbonate rock outcrop area2,Distribution is wide, area is big.It is mainly distributed on Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan
And Guangdong, it is one of maximum karst region in the world.
The karst foundation that karst unfavorable geology is constituted usually causes foundation bearing capacity deficiency, differential settlement, concrete foundation slide
Is destroyed as more and more engineerings are built in karst area with equal foundation deformations are collapsed, and karst foundation problem is built as engineering
If outstanding problem in, reinforce karst foundation Stability Evaluation is had emphatically using reasonable, economic measures of foundation treatment
Big technological value and economic implications.
Currently, when the ground for Karst Area carries out grouting treatment, basis is generally filled by high-pressure slip-casting mode
Solution cavity in following soil layer under all soil caves and basement rock, not only slurries usage amount is excessive, destroys this structure structure of the soil body itself, and
And do not solve the problems, such as that karst continues development fundamentally.The present invention can effectively reduce slurries usage amount, significantly improve ground
Bearing capacity, and can fundamentally solve the problems, such as that soil cave, solution cavity continue to develop to endanger building safety to ground.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of covered karst development area rocks and soil layer contact surface grouting side
Method not only reduces slurries dosage, shortens the construction period, reduce project cost, and fundamentally solve solution cavity, soil cave is sent out upwards
The possibility educated.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：
Covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method, by enclosed successively dynamic grouting method,
It is in the milk in 2-4 meters of ranges above and below the horizontal extent of 1-3 meters of structure foundation extension and rock and soil layer contact surface, fills institute
There are soil cave, lapies, fluid bowl, the solution cavity through basement rock top plate is blocked using rapid hardening cementitious material, one layer of stabilization is formed with this
Supporting course；Specifically comprise the following steps：
S1, geological mapping is carried out to proposed area
1) probing mode is used to carry out ground to the parameters such as unfavorable geology, foundation stability, underground water existing for proposed area
Matter is reconnoitred；
2) karsts developing area range in proposed range, the scale of karsts developing area are found out in conjunction with results of drilling, and its laterally and
Longitudinal spread situation supplements drilling surveys.
3) combine probing with physical prospecting as a result, determining that karsts developing area situation in proposed region, roof rock mass occurrence bury thickness
Degree, crack situation etc..
S2, Grouting plan design
1) grouting range.Contact surface grouting method is different from conventional grout method, and the determination of grouting range is of the invention
Important content strictly should determine grouting range according to exploration result.General grouting horizontal extent is 1-3 meters of construction area extension
Range, vertically ranging from ground contact surface 2-4 meters of range up and down.
2) grouting pressure.Karst area is in the milk, and grouting pressure is an important factor for ensureing grouting quality.Determine grouting pressure
Mode can determine grouting pressure by following formula or field test two ways.
P=p0+mh (1)
In formula：p0Grouting pressure (units MPa) is allowed generally to take 0.3-0.5 in karst area for basement rock surface layer section；M is
Basement rock often deepens the increasable pressure of 1m (units MPa) and generally takes 0.2-0.5 in karst area；H is grout compartment depth (unit
m)。
3) grouting material.Grouting material is generally cement grout or the chemical material with gelling property, for generally adopting
Cement grout need to be determined the slurries ratio of mud.The slurries ratio of mud is depended primarily on than the selected of grade in grouting region
The geological conditions such as karsts developing area situation, and with reference to the test result etc. of live grouting test and indoor size performance, integrated
Consider.The common ratio of mud 8 at present:1、5:1、2:1、1:1、0.8:1、0.7:1、0.6:1、0.5:1 equal 8 grades of ratio of muds.
4) grout hole is arranged.The arrangement of pitch-row and array pitch should enable effective engaging one another of filling range of adjacent holes
Come, neither leave big crack, and the part for being overlapped overlap joint is too many.Grouting port is arranged using multiple rows of determinant, in favor of rear
The construction of phase enclosed successively dynamic slip casting method.
The successively dynamic slip casting of S3, enclosed
Using enclosed, successively dynamic slip casting method, grouting process are being noted using mini-valve tube method slip casting by mini-valve tube for slip casting
Starch slip casting in region.Successively dynamic slip casting method is to discharge into row slip casting outermost one first to enclosed, forms a sealing ring, then
Ecto-entad promotes by row in a manner of jumping and fill every hole.And implement Dynamic Construction during slip casting, side construction frontier inspection is surveyed, root
Adjust the construction parameters such as grouting pressure, concentration of slurry, pitch-row array pitch at any time according to result of detection.For the solution cavity through basement rock top plate
First solution cavity is carried out just using the rapid hardening of the quick-sets such as accelerated cement cream slurry, scour resistance, special flowing diffusivity
Step blocks, and Reperfu- sion conventional cement mortar carries out reinforcement impervious grouting, is quickly and effectively blocked through the molten of basement rock top plate with this
Hole.
S4, grouting effect detection
Inspection hole method, standard penetration test (SPT) method, tablet load experiment method, foundation settlement detection method can be used after the completion of grouting
The methods of grouting effect is detected.
The invention has the advantages that：Slurries can be effectively reduced relative to current foundation grouting processing mode to use
Amount, shortens the construction period, and reduces construction investment, improves foundation bearing capacity, and can prevent to generate new solution cavity, soil in foundation region
Hole.And then fundamentally solves Karst Area soil cave, the solution cavity security hidden trouble caused by building longtime running.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ground contact surface grouting method schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：1 is ground line, and 2 be upper soil horizon, and 3 be grouting range, and 4 be basement rock, and 5 be Grouting Pipe, and 6 be soil cave, and 7 are
Basement rock and upper soil horizon contact surface, 8 be solution cavity.
Fig. 2 is the process flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is No. 2 line result figures of High Density Resistivity.
Fig. 4 is building settlement curve.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention be more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out with reference to embodiments further
It is described in detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to limit this hair
It is bright.
Embodiment
Shandong Agricultural University south school district apartment is Y-shaped apartment, 11 layers on the ground, 1 layer of underground, shear wall structure.Raft
Plate basis, plank thickness 900mm, embedded depth of foundation 4.5m.Overall floorage is 26560.80m2.Engineering importance rate is two
Grade, place grade are three-level, and ground grade is two level.
Grouting treatment is carried out to ground in the following way：
1, in conjunction with related record near proposed place, pass through XY-100 type hydraulic feed drill boring corings.Explore result
For：Hole gap rate 33% is shown in drilling, line rate of karstification 7.2%, and molten (soil) hole at totally 16, no filling has at 5, is accounted for total
31.25%；Half filling has at 3, accounts for the 18.75% of sum, 0.1~3.6m of height of holes, and charges stick for hard plastic~plastic shape
Soil is partly middle sand or rock fragment.
2, emphasis prospecting is carried out to Karst Area using High Density Resistivity, finds proposed apartment across three karst
Development belt, wherein karst band of No. 2 lines centered on No. 32 electrodes and No. 33 electrode midpoints in the range of more than ten rice is deep layer
(15m-20m) karst, remaining karst band are shallow-layer (10-15m) karst, see Fig. 3.
3, comprehensive analysis probing with physical prospecting the result shows that：Largely development is attached on basement rock surface layer for proposed region solution cavity, soil cave
Closely, and solution cavity is distributed under bedrock surface within 3m, and solution cavity top most is there are rock top plate of varying thickness, and there are one for top plate
Determine the lapies fluid bowl of degree, the soil layer that the equal cladding thickness in basement rock top does not wait.Karst development degree is medium development.
4, by the region of exploration result design basis extension 2m as plane range of grouting, vertical range of grouting is bedrock surface
Upper and lower 3m；Grouting material is 42.5 grades of Portland cements, and the ratio of mud of cement grout is 0.6: 1~1: 1, first dilute rear thick；
Grouting pressure is typically no less than 0.1~0.3MPa, near rock soil interface, is gradually increased to 0.3~0.6MPa；Injected hole uses
Determinant arrangement, spacing 2m.Injected hole 385 is arranged in total.
5, using enclosed, successively dynamic slip casting method, grouting process use mini-valve tube method slip casting when slip casting.It is first perfused outermost
One row forms a sealing ring, and then ecto-entad promotes by row in a manner of jumping and fill every hole, and implements during slip casting
Dynamic Construction, side frontier inspection of constructing are surveyed, when find to have leak weight, fall brill, single hole grouting amount it is larger when, should be in hole surrounding encryption note
Starch hole.When slip casting reach following standard for the moment, the hole slip casting can be terminated：(1) under whole injection pressure power continuous grouting 10min note
When entering rate no more than 5L/min, slip casting can be terminated.(2) when grout point has gone out 3~5m outside range of grouting.(3) inlet well basement rock
Completely or multiple slip casting, aperture pressure are more than 1.5MPa.(4) single hole grouting amount reaches 1.5~2.0 times of average grouting amount, and
When grout absorption significantly reduces.
6, this time grouting effect detection detects two ways using inspection hole method and settling foundation.It is adopted first after the completion of grouting
It is detected with inspection hole method, by the observation to coring, solution-cavity filling is closely knit, cement mortar and rock strong bonding；Soil cave is starched
Liquid filling is uniform, is combined with surrounding soil preferably, illustrates that grouting effect is notable, achieved the purpose that foundation stabilization.
After monolithic architecture object is completed, settlement monitoring, in observation process, 17 settlement observations of apartment are carried out to building
The cumulative settling amount of point is between -0.65~-4.44mm, and sedimentation rate of change is between 0.001~0.18mm/d, and settling amount is most
Big is S13 points, and cumulative settling amount is -4.44mm, and it is S4 point 0.18mm/d that rate of change is maximum, each observation point last
Hundred days rate of change maximum points are S6 point 0.00042mm/d, meet code requirement.Show building foundation settlement uniformly and
Settling amount is small, and grouting has achieved the effect that consolidated subsoil, refers to Fig. 4.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method, it is characterised in that：By enclosed successively dynamic
Grouting method fills above and below the horizontal extent of 1-3 meters of structure foundation extension and rock and soil layer contact surface in 2-4 meters of ranges
Slurry, fills all soil caves, lapies, fluid bowl, and the solution cavity through basement rock top plate is blocked using rapid hardening cementitious material, is formed with this
One layer of stable supporting course.
2. covered karst development area as described in claim 1 rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method, it is characterised in that：Tool
Body includes the following steps：
S1, geological mapping is carried out to proposed area
S11, unfavorable geology, foundation stability, groundwater parameter progress geology existing for proposed area are surveyed using probing mode
It examines；
S12, karsts developing area range in proposed range, the scale of karsts developing area are found out in conjunction with results of drilling, and its lateral and vertical
To spread situation, to drilling surveys supplement；
S13, in conjunction with probing with physical prospecting as a result, determine karsts developing area situation in proposed region, roof rock mass occurrence, bury thickness,
Crack situation；
S2, Grouting plan design
1) grouting range
Grouting range is determined according to exploration result, wherein grouting horizontal extent is the range of 1-3 meters of construction area extension, vertically
2-4 meters of range ranging from above and below ground contact surface；
2) grouting pressure
Grouting pressure is determined by following formula：
P=p0+mh (1)
In formula：p0Grouting pressure, units MPa is allowed to take 0.3-0.5 in karst area for basement rock surface layer section；M is that basement rock is often deepened
The increasable pressure of 1m, units MPa), in karst area, take 0.2-0.5；H is grout compartment depth, unit m；
3) grouting material
Select cement grout or the chemical material with gelling property
4) grout hole is arranged
The arrangement of pitch-row and array pitch should enable effective filling range of adjacent holes engaging one another, neither leave big crack,
Do not make the part that overlap joint is overlapped too many again；Grouting port is arranged using multiple rows of determinant, so that later stage enclosed is successively dynamically noted
The construction of slurry processes；
The successively dynamic slip casting of S3, enclosed
Using enclosed, successively dynamic slip casting method carries out slip casting, and grouting process uses mini-valve tube method slip casting；Specifically：First most
Outer one discharges into row slip casting, forms a sealing ring, and then ecto-entad promotes by row in a manner of jumping and fill every hole, and in slip casting
Implement Dynamic Construction in the process, side construction frontier inspection is surveyed, and adjusts grouting pressure, concentration of slurry, pitch-row row at any time according to result of detection
Away from equal construction parameters；Solution cavity through basement rock top plate first tentatively blocks solution cavity using accelerated cement cream slurry, then is filled
It notes conventional cement mortar and carries out reinforcement impervious grouting, the solution cavity through basement rock top plate is quickly and effectively blocked with this；
S4, grouting effect detection
Inspection hole method, standard penetration test (SPT) method, tablet load experiment method, foundation settlement detection method can be used after the completion of grouting to filling
Slurry effect is detected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810560893.3A CN108677956A (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810560893.3A CN108677956A (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108677956A true CN108677956A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810560893.3A Pending CN108677956A (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Covered karst development area rock and soil layer contact surface grouting method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111441399A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-24 | 中建四局第一建筑工程有限公司 | Method for detecting strength of beaded karst cave after grouting |
| CN112832198A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-25 | 四川共拓岩土科技股份有限公司 | Seepage-proofing grouting method for covering layer of water storage dam foundation |
| CN113374465A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江数智交院科技股份有限公司 | Covering type karst vertical striping method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN117144891A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-12-01 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Karst cave pretreatment method for open cut subway station in karst strong development area |
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| US8585328B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2013-11-19 | Eric W. Smith | Underground filling and sealing method |
| CN105422170A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Grouting reinforcement treatment method for mid-depth goaf below building foundation |
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| US8585328B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2013-11-19 | Eric W. Smith | Underground filling and sealing method |
| CN105422170A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Grouting reinforcement treatment method for mid-depth goaf below building foundation |
| CN107905218A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-13 | 中国冶集团有限公司 | A kind of karst cave treatment method in the construction applied to Pile In Drill In Karst Terrain |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111441399A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-24 | 中建四局第一建筑工程有限公司 | Method for detecting strength of beaded karst cave after grouting |
| CN111441399B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-12-24 | 中建四局第一建筑工程有限公司 | Method for detecting strength of beaded karst cave after grouting |
| CN112832198A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-25 | 四川共拓岩土科技股份有限公司 | Seepage-proofing grouting method for covering layer of water storage dam foundation |
| CN113374465A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江数智交院科技股份有限公司 | Covering type karst vertical striping method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN117144891A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-12-01 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Karst cave pretreatment method for open cut subway station in karst strong development area |
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Application publication date: 20181019 |
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