CN108677538A - 一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料 - Google Patents

一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料 Download PDF

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CN108677538A
CN108677538A CN201810392437.2A CN201810392437A CN108677538A CN 108677538 A CN108677538 A CN 108677538A CN 201810392437 A CN201810392437 A CN 201810392437A CN 108677538 A CN108677538 A CN 108677538A
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陆志宏
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JURONG BESTE COMPOSITE MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，将纤维材料加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得，所述改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料包括热塑性聚氨酯树脂60～80份，ABS树脂10～20份，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂10～20份，UF树脂交联剂10～20份，聚乙烯蜡2～5份，主抗氧化剂1～5份，辅抗氧化剂1～3份和阻燃剂2～4份；所述纤维材料为连续长玻纤，聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维中的一种或多种。本发明采用热塑性聚氨酯树脂与ABS树脂和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂共混改性，改善连续长纤维与热塑性材料间的界面环境，提高连续长纤维与热塑性材料间表面表面结合力。

Description

一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，属于编织材料领域。
背景技术
编织材料通常由纤维材料经加捻并股编织而成，纤维用途广泛，可织成细线、线头和麻绳，造纸或织毡时还可以织成纤维层；同时也常用来制造其他物料，及与其他物料共同组成复合材料。纤维包括天然纤维、人造纤维和合成纤维。天然纤维是自然界存在的，可以直接取得纤维，根据其来源分成植物纤维、动物纤维和矿物纤维三类；人造纤维是用含有天然纤维或蛋白纤维的物质，如木材、甘蔗、芦苇、大豆蛋白质纤维等及其他失去纺织加工价值的纤维原料，经过化学加工后制成的纺织纤维，主要包括黏胶纤维、醋酸纤维、铜氨纤维等；合成纤维的化学组成和天然纤维完全不同，是从一些本身并不含有纤维素或蛋白质的物质如石油、煤、天然气、石灰石或农副产品，先合成单位，再用化学合成与机械加工的方法制成纤维。如聚酯纤维(涤纶)、聚酰胺纤维(锦纶或尼龙)、聚乙烯醇纤维(维纶)、聚丙烯腈纤维(腈纶)、聚丙烯纤维(丙纶)、聚氯乙烯纤维(氯纶)等。现有的编织材料往往功能上较单一，无法满足多种环境下使用的需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种满足多种环境下使用需求的连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，该材料中连续长纤维与热塑性材料具备良好的相容性和力学性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，将纤维材料加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得；
所述改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料包括如下按质量份计的组份：
所述纤维材料为连续长玻纤，聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维中的一种或多种。
其中，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂具有优异的耐磨性、良好的力学性能，它的掺入能大大改进热塑性聚氨酯树脂的耐磨性；本发明采用ABS树脂与热塑性聚氨酯树脂(TPU)共混改性时，产生协同作用，TPU充当增塑剂的作用，能够改善连续长纤维与热塑性材料间的界面环境，提高二者的相容性，并使得材料的密度、伸长率下降，撕裂强度、模量增加，抗冲击性、耐臭氧性能及加工性能得到改善，成本下降，材料的耐磨性、韧性、低温性能得到提高；UF树脂交联剂以改性聚丙烯酰胺为主要原料，以提高热塑性材料与纤维材料的界面作用力，有效地阻止裂纹扩展，并在界面脱粘过程中吸收冲击能量。
优选地，所述主抗氧化剂为芳香胺和/或受阻酚；所述辅抗氧化剂为亚磷酸酯和/或硫代酯，以便迅速分解过氧化物，同时也与树脂有较好的相容性。
优选地，所述阻燃剂为无卤型金属氢氧化物阻燃剂，其低烟、无毒、能中和燃烧过程中的酸性、腐蚀性气体，是一种环保型绿色阻燃剂。
所述浸渍设备的设定温度为150～200℃。
有益效果：
本发明连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料采用热塑性聚氨酯树脂与ABS树脂和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂共混改性，改善连续长纤维与热塑性材料间的界面环境，提高连续长纤维与热塑性材料间表面表面结合力，有效地阻止裂纹扩展。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明。
实施例1
步骤一：将72份热塑性聚氨酯树脂、18份ABS树脂和16份聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂熔融后与14份UF树脂交联剂、4份聚乙烯蜡、4份芳香胺、1份亚磷酸酯和3份氢氧化镁混合得到改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料；
步骤二：将连续长玻纤和聚丙烯纤维加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备于185℃下与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得。
实施例2
步骤一：将60份热塑性聚氨酯树脂、10份ABS树脂和10份聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂熔融后与10份UF树脂交联剂、2份聚乙烯蜡、1份芳香胺、1份亚磷酸酯和2份氢氧化镁混合得到改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料；
步骤二：将连续长玻纤和聚酯纤维加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备于150℃下与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得。
实施例3
步骤一：将80份热塑性聚氨酯树脂、20份ABS树脂和20份聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂熔融后与20份UF树脂交联剂、5份聚乙烯蜡、5份受阻酚、3份硫代酯和4份氢氧化铝混合得到改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料；
步骤二：将连续长玻纤和聚丙烯腈纤维加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备于200℃下与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得。
对比例1
步骤一：将72份热塑性聚氨酯树脂后与14份UF树脂交联剂、4份聚乙烯蜡、4份芳香胺、1份亚磷酸酯和3份氢氧化镁混合得到改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料；
步骤二：将连续长玻纤和聚丙烯纤维加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备于185℃下与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得。
对比例2
步骤一：将72份热塑性聚氨酯树脂和16份聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂熔融后与14份UF树脂交联剂、4份聚乙烯蜡、4份芳香胺、1份亚磷酸酯和3份氢氧化镁混合得到改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料；
步骤二：将连续长玻纤和聚丙烯纤维加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备于185℃下与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得。
将实施例1～3和对比例1和2制备的连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料进行相关性能测试，分别按照GB/T 1039-1979标准测定拉伸强度，按GB/T 9341-2000标准测试弯曲强度，按GB/T 1039-1979标准测定悬臂梁缺口冲击强度，按GB/2408-1996标准测定垂直燃烧性能，结果见表1。
表1
项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例1 对比例2
拉伸强度(MPa) 156 148 152 112 134
弯曲强度(MPa) 212 207 208 175 189
悬臂梁缺口冲击强度(KJ/m2) 31.4 30.8 30.5 21.4 24.9
垂直燃烧等级 V0 V0 V0 V0 V0
维卡温度(℃) 128 125 124 105 118
抗氧化性 优 优 优 优 优
从表1数据可以看出，改性前后的热塑性聚氨酯树脂对连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料强度的影响较大，聚氨酯树脂经ABS树脂和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂共混改性后，与连续纤维材料的结合力增大，制备得到的连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料力学性能、抗氧化性和阻燃性显著提高。
本发明提供了一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料的思路及方法，具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。

Claims (4)

1.一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，其特征在于，将纤维材料加捻并股编织成线，然后通过牵引机引入到浸渍设备与改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料进行浸渍，干燥后即得；
所述改性热塑性聚氨酯树脂复合材料包括如下按质量份计的组份：
所述纤维材料为连续长玻纤，聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维中的一种或多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，其特征在于，所述主抗氧化剂为芳香胺和/或受阻酚；所述辅抗氧化剂为亚磷酸酯和/或硫代酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为无卤型金属氢氧化物阻燃剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种连续纤维增强热塑性编织材料，其特征在于，所述浸渍设备的设定温度为150～200℃。
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