CN108676438A - 水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料 - Google Patents

水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料 Download PDF

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CN108676438A
CN108676438A CN201810531093.9A CN201810531093A CN108676438A CN 108676438 A CN108676438 A CN 108676438A CN 201810531093 A CN201810531093 A CN 201810531093A CN 108676438 A CN108676438 A CN 108676438A
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章波
郭元
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Wuhu Corey Yuen New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：丙烯酸乳液40～60份、苯丙乳液20～40份、聚磷酸铵4～8份、山梨醇5～10份、阻燃剂8～16份、润湿分散剂0.4～0.8份、流平剂0.3～0.6份、水10～20份及填料18～24份；其中，所述阻燃剂主要由纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与硅烷偶联剂制备得到。该防火涂料不仅隔热性能好，还解决了传统阻燃剂加入带来的耐高温、耐水性及耐老化性能差的问题。

Description

水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料。
背景技术
钢结构工程具有自重轻、可利用空间大、安装容易、施工周期短、抗震性能好、投资回收快、环境污染少等优点，在现代得到广泛应用，但其又有耐火性能差的致命弱点。在正常荷载情况下，540℃左右时钢结构即会失去承载作用，而烃类火场环境下，温度通常在10分钟以内上升至1000℃，在这样的环境下，钢结构很快会出现变形，产生局部破坏，并失去承载力。为提高钢结构的耐火性能，钢结构外围需要进行隔热包覆来提高建筑物的耐火极限。
钢结构防火涂料具有涂覆厚度薄、饰面型好等特点，被广泛应用于钢结构中，在遇火受热条件下能快速膨胀到原始厚度的十几倍甚至数十倍，在钢结构表面形成一层致密的隔热保温层，阻止热量向钢结构传递，起到提高耐火极限的功能。但是，相对于其他非膨胀型防火涂料，现有的钢结构防火涂料在发泡膨胀初期隔热能力较低，导致钢结构在隔热保温层完全膨胀之前温度上升较大，整体耐火效果通常不如非膨胀型防火涂料，且多数涂料对于钢结构的负重增加较大，其应用效果不理想，使用受到限制。
发明内容
本发明提出一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，该防火涂料不仅隔热性能好，解决了传统阻燃剂加入带来的耐高温、耐水性及耐老化性能差的问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液40～60份、苯丙乳液20～40份、聚磷酸铵4～8份、山梨醇5～10份、阻燃剂8～16份、润湿分散剂0.4～0.8份、流平剂0.3～0.6份、水10～20份及填料18～24份；其中，所述阻燃剂主要由纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与硅烷偶联剂制备得到。
优选地，所述阻燃剂的制备方法为：
将纳米二氧化硅加入到聚多元醇磷酸酯液体中进行超声分散，得到悬浮液，悬浮液升温至80℃～90℃后滴加硅烷偶联剂进行反应，结束后离心真空干燥即可。
优选地，所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或者多种。
优选地，所述纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与硅烷偶联剂的质量之比为5～8:13～17:1～3。
优选地，所述润湿分散剂为六偏磷酸钠润湿剂；所述流平剂选用水性丙烯酸酯共聚物、氟改性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物或聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物其中的一种。
优选地，所述填料选自钛白粉、蒙脱土、滑石粉、硅铝纤维中的一种或者多种。
本发明的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料的制备方法：
按照配比将上述组分混合均匀后即可。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料的阻燃剂主要由纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与硅烷偶联剂制备得到，这样的新的阻燃剂是之前没有报道过的。该阻燃剂一方面解决了纳米二氧化硅在涂料中自身添加量过多(一般超过1.5wt％，参见咸才军在《材料工程》2006年8期发表的题名为纳米材料在水性超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料中的应用)反而使得膨胀受热不均匀而产生的裂纹问题，另一方面解决了聚多元醇磷酸酯加入涂料中带来了耐高温、耐水性及耐老化性能差的问题。
具体实施方式
实施例1
阻燃剂的制备方法为：
将纳米二氧化硅加入到聚多元醇磷酸酯液体中进行超声分散，得到悬浮液，悬浮液升温至85℃后滴加乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷进行反应，结束后离心真空干燥即可。纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷的质量之比为5:14:1。
实施例2
阻燃剂的制备方法为：
将纳米二氧化硅加入到聚多元醇磷酸酯液体中进行超声分散，得到悬浮液，悬浮液升温至80℃后滴加γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷进行反应，结束后离心真空干燥即可。纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷的质量之比为8:17:3。
实施例3
一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液50份、苯丙乳液28份、聚磷酸铵6份、山梨醇7份、实施例1的阻燃剂12份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.6份、水性丙烯酸酯共聚物0.5份、水15份及钛白粉10份、蒙脱土10份。
实施例4
一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液40份、苯丙乳液26份、聚磷酸铵4份、山梨醇8份、实施例1的阻燃剂8份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.4份、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物0.3份、水20份及滑石粉12份、硅铝纤维12份。
实施例5
一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液60份、苯丙乳液20份、聚磷酸铵8份、山梨醇5份、实施例2的阻燃剂16份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.5份、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物0.6份、水10份及滑石粉9份、硅铝纤维9份。
实施例6
一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液45份、苯丙乳液40份、聚磷酸铵5份、山梨醇10份、实施例2的阻燃剂14份、六偏磷酸钠润湿剂0.8份、氟改性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物0.6份、水18份及钛白粉10份、蒙脱土9份。
试验例
将实施例3-6得到的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料进行性能测试，结果见表1：
表1本发明的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料的性能测试结果
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，按照重量份数，包括以下组分：
丙烯酸乳液40～60份、苯丙乳液20～40份、聚磷酸铵4～8份、山梨醇5～10份、阻燃剂8～16份、润湿分散剂0.4～0.8份、流平剂0.3～0.6份、水10～20份及填料18～24份；其中，所述阻燃剂主要由纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与硅烷偶联剂制备得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂的制备方法为：
将纳米二氧化硅加入到聚多元醇磷酸酯液体中进行超声分散，得到悬浮液，悬浮液升温至80℃～90℃后滴加硅烷偶联剂进行反应，结束后离心真空干燥即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或者多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，所述纳米二氧化硅、聚多元醇磷酸酯与硅烷偶联剂的质量之比为5～8:13～17:1～3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，所述润湿分散剂为六偏磷酸钠润湿剂；所述流平剂选用水性丙烯酸酯共聚物、氟改性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物或聚醚改性聚硅氧烷聚合物其中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的水性膨胀型钢结构用防火涂料，其特征在于，所述填料选自钛白粉、蒙脱土、滑石粉、硅铝纤维中的一种或者多种。
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Application publication date: 20181019