CN108674164B

CN108674164B - Pure electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN108674164B
Application number: CN201810454207.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶桂阳
Original assignee: Suzhou Zhirui Photoelectric Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: SUZHOU ZHIRUI PHOTOELECTRIC MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-05-14
Filing date: 2018-05-14
Publication date: 2021-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-14
Also published as: CN108674164A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and discloses a pure electric automobile which comprises an electric automobile main body, an installation frame fixedly installed on the lower bottom surface of the electric automobile main body, and a battery assembly detachably installed in the installation frame; the battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame body, a storage battery arranged in the frame body and two stay bar assemblies arranged on two sides of the frame body; a bolt component is arranged at the lower end of the frame body corresponding to the driven wheel and the driving wheel component; the upper end of the frame body is fixedly connected with a cover body used for sealing the frame body. According to the invention, when the electric quantity of the electric automobile is insufficient, the battery assembly is directly replaced, and long-time waiting for charging is not needed, so that the waiting time of an owner is saved.

Description

Pure electric vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to a pure electric automobile.

Background

The electric automobiles have more and more use groups at home and abroad due to the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, economy, low noise and the like, and more electric automobiles enter various families. However, the electric energy stored by the storage battery on the electric automobile is limited, and the electric automobile charging pile is too little to charge the electric automobile in time; the electric automobile has long charging time, when the electric energy of the storage battery is insufficient, the electric automobile cannot be used and inconvenience is brought to the trip of a user, and the electric automobile has obvious defects compared with a common fuel oil automobile when the electric automobile is out of doors or goes out of doors in an emergency; for the electric automobile in driving, when the electric energy of the storage battery is insufficient, the storage battery cannot be charged in time, so that the electric automobile cannot continue to drive.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the pure electric automobile is provided.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted for realizing the purpose: a pure electric vehicle comprises an electric vehicle main body, a mounting frame fixedly mounted on the lower bottom surface of the electric vehicle main body and a battery assembly detachably mounted in the mounting frame;

the battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame body, a storage battery arranged in the frame body and two stay bar assemblies arranged on two sides of the frame body;

the brace rod assembly comprises two diagonal brace rods hinged with each other; one end of the inclined support rod positioned below is provided with a driving wheel assembly; a second motor is arranged at one end of the other inclined supporting rod above the other inclined supporting rod; an output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a screw; the screw rod is in threaded connection with the inclined strut; the other end of the diagonal brace provided with the second motor is rotatably connected with a driven wheel;

the driving wheel assembly comprises a rotating shaft which is rotatably connected to the inclined supporting rod; one end of the rotating shaft penetrating through the inclined support rod is fixedly connected with a traveling wheel; a third gear is formed at one end of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the travelling wheel;

a bolt component is arranged at the lower end of the frame body corresponding to the driven wheel and the driving wheel component; the bolt assembly comprises a clutch shaft and a bolt which is rotatably connected to the end part of the clutch shaft; the lower bottom surface of the frame body is respectively provided with a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat and a third fixed seat which are used for fixing the bolt component; a spring connecting lug is formed on the outer side of the clutch shaft; a first spring is arranged at the position, facing the first fixed seat, of the spring connecting lug; the first fixed seat is provided with a spring mounting hole for mounting the first spring; two ends of the first spring are respectively and fixedly connected to the spring connecting lug and the spring mounting hole; the plug pin comprises a plug board which is horizontally arranged and a first magnet which is fixedly connected to the plug board;

a shaft end positioning hole is formed at one end part of the clutch shaft corresponding to the driving wheel assembly and facing the support rod assembly; the shaft end positioning holes are formed in a plurality of clamping teeth which are used for being in transmission connection with the third gear at equal intervals; a second gear is fixedly connected to the middle part of the clutch shaft corresponding to the driving wheel assembly; a rectangular notch is formed in the lower bottom surface of the frame body corresponding to the second gear; a first gear in meshed transmission connection with the second gear and a first motor for driving the first gear to rotate are mounted on the inner bottom surface of the frame body;

the upper end of the frame body is fixedly connected with a cover body used for sealing the frame body; a transverse groove for accommodating the bolt assembly is formed at the upper end of the cover body; one end of the transverse groove positioned in the middle part is inwards formed with a jack; the upper end of the jack is provided with an electromagnet;

the lower bottom surface of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with four positioning mounting parts corresponding to the transverse grooves; each positioning installation part is internally and slidably connected with a reset plugboard; an iron block is fixedly arranged on the reset inserting plate; a check ring is arranged at one end of the reset inserting plate positioned at the outer side; a return spring is further arranged between the check ring and the positioning installation part;

a charging electrode connected with the storage battery is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the frame body; the upper top surface of the cover body is provided with an output electrode connected with the storage battery; an electric automobile power supply electrode is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the mounting frame corresponding to the output electrode;

a controller is arranged in the battery component; the first motor, the second motor, the double-end motor and the electromagnet are electrically connected with a controller.

As a preferable scheme: a double-head motor is also arranged in the frame body; two output shafts of the double-head motor face to the left side and the right side of the frame body along the horizontal direction; two output shafts of the double-head motor are respectively and fixedly connected with a horizontal pushing connecting shaft; the transverse pushing connecting shaft is sleeved with a transverse pushing shaft; the transverse pushing shaft comprises a main shaft end facing the transverse pushing connecting shaft and a connecting end integrally formed with the main shaft end; a containing hole is formed at the end part of the main shaft end; an internal thread is formed in the containing hole; the forming depth of the internal thread is half of the depth of the containing hole; an external thread in threaded connection with the internal thread is formed at the position, close to the end part, of the transverse pushing connecting shaft;

a transverse push rod is sleeved on the connecting end; the length direction of the transverse push rod is along the length direction of the frame body; the connecting end is also provided with a buckle for preventing the transverse push rod from falling off;

one end, above the inclined stay bar provided with the driving wheel assembly, of the inclined stay bar is fixedly connected with a first positioning column arranged towards the frame body; one side of the second motor facing the frame body is fixedly connected with a second positioning column;

positioning holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the frame body corresponding to the first positioning column and the second positioning column; mounting holes which are horizontally arranged are respectively formed at two ends of the transverse push rod; the first positioning column and the second positioning column penetrate through the positioning hole to be connected in the mounting hole in a rotating mode.

As a preferable scheme: the driving wheel assembly also comprises an iron pin inserted in the rotating shaft and a clamping ring sleeved outside the rotating shaft;

an iron pin mounting hole for mounting the iron pin is formed in the center of one end, located at the third gear, of the rotating shaft; a plurality of radial mounting holes are formed in the periphery of the iron pin at equal intervals; positioning pins are inserted into the radial mounting holes; the other end of the positioning pin is connected to the clamping ring in an interference manner; a guide hole for allowing the positioning pin to pass through and limiting the movement direction of the positioning pin is formed in the side wall of the rotating shaft; a plurality of clamping heads are formed on one side of the clamping ring facing the inclined supporting rod at equal intervals; a plurality of clamping holes are formed in one side, facing the clamping ring, of the inclined supporting rod at equal intervals; the rotating shaft is also fixedly connected with a cover body for covering the clamping ring; a conical spring is arranged between the cover body and the retainer ring;

and a second magnet is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the positioning hole corresponding to the clutch shaft of the driving wheel assembly.

As a preferable scheme: the number of the clamping holes is integral multiple of the number of the clamping heads.

As a preferable scheme: a baffle plate for positioning the battery assembly is formed below the front end of the mounting frame; the left side and the right side of the baffle are formed with guide inclined planes in the middle of the inclined planes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the battery assembly of the electric automobile is replaced, the electric automobile is parked to a place where the battery assembly is appointed to be replaced and flameout is carried out, a driver controls a double-head motor of the battery assembly on the electric automobile through a terminal to enable the support rod assembly to move out towards two sides of the frame body, controls the second motor to enable the support rod assembly to be downwards supported to enable the traveling wheel to be in contact with the ground of the driven wheel, then turns off the electromagnet to enable the battery assembly to be separated from the mounting frame, controls the second motor to enable the support rod assembly to be contracted again, controls the double-head motor to enable the support rod assembly to be contracted towards two sides of the frame body, at the moment, the clamping teeth are meshed with the third gear, and controls the first motor to drive the battery assembly to move out below the electric automobile; staff or driver control later treat that the battery pack of installation removes to the electric automobile below, make battery pack's front end with the baffle offsets, and the location is accomplished, shifts out the vaulting pole subassembly to both sides in proper order, struts the vaulting pole subassembly, when battery pack struts the upper end that makes battery pack and the installing frame offset, controls this battery pack's electro-magnet circular telegram, then the electro-magnet attracts thereby the iron plate makes during the picture peg that resets inserts the jack, with the shrink of vaulting pole subassembly, accomplish battery pack's change, exchange two battery pack's control terminal afterwards can.

The battery components can be charged simultaneously by stacking up and down when being charged; when the battery assemblies are mutually separated in the vertical stacking process, the electromagnet of the battery assembly positioned at the bottom is controlled to be electrified by a controller to enable the direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnet to be opposite to that of the first magnet, the first magnet and the electromagnet repel each other, the plugboard and the plughole are mutually separated, then the support rod assembly of the battery assembly above the battery assembly is controlled to move out towards two sides and then to be propped open until the walking wheels contact the ground, and the first motor of the battery assembly positioned at the bottom is controlled to move out the battery assembly; the battery assembly which is originally positioned above is changed into the battery assembly at the lowest part, and the battery assembly is controlled to enable the stay bar assembly to retract and then move back to the two sides of the frame body, so that the battery assembly is separated up and down; the separation process can also be manually carried out, the battery assembly to be separated and the electromagnet of the battery assembly below the battery assembly are switched to change the direction of the current and change the direction of the magnetic field, so that the electromagnet and the first magnet are repelled, and the battery assembly is manually moved out.

When the electric quantity is insufficient, the battery assembly of the electric automobile is directly replaced, long-time waiting for charging is not needed, and waiting time of an automobile owner is saved; each battery component is independently matched with the control terminal, and two persons can respectively operate the replaced battery component and the battery component to be replaced, so that the replacement time is saved; when battery pack is installed to the installing frame or stacked each other, the stay bar subassembly struts and contracts the in-process, the iron round pin with the second magnet breaks away from each other, the dop is inserted in the card hole, the axis of rotation with no relative rotation between the stay bar subassembly, then walking wheel and ground are static relatively, can make battery pack's position can not produce because of drive wheel subassembly breaks away from the separation and reunion axle and remove to keep the relative still of battery pack position.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the battery pack.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the mounting frame.

Fig. 4 is an exploded structural view of the battery module.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the latch assembly.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the latch assembly.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the second motor.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal pushing shaft.

Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the drive wheel assembly.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of two battery assembly stacks.

Fig. 11 is a block diagram of the connection of the cooling module of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the heat sink of the present invention.

Fig. 13 and 14 are exploded views of the heat sink of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the cooling pump of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic sectional structure view of the cooling pump of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is an exploded view of the cooling pump of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the first water wheel, the second water wheel and the transmission component of the invention.

A. An electric vehicle main body;

1. a battery assembly; 11. a frame body; 112. a storage battery; 113. a heat dissipation port; 114. a notch; 115. a charging electrode; 116. positioning holes; 1171. a first motor; 1172. a first gear; 118. a second fixed seat; 119. a third fixed seat; 110. a first fixed seat; 1101. a spring mounting hole; 12. a cover body; 121. a transverse groove; 1211. a jack; 122. an electromagnet; 123. an output electrode; 13. a double-headed motor; 131. the connecting shaft is transversely pushed; 1311. an external thread; 14. a transverse pushing shaft; 141. a main shaft end; 142. a connecting end; 143. a hole is formed; 144. an internal thread; 145. buckling; 15. a horizontal push rod; 151. mounting holes; 16. a strut assembly; 161. a diagonal brace; 1611. a first positioning post; 1613. a clamping hole; 162. a second motor; 1621. a screw; 1622. a second positioning column; 164. a driven wheel; 165. a drive wheel assembly; 1651. a rotating shaft; 16511. a third gear; 16512. an iron pin mounting hole; 16513. a guide hole; 1652. an iron pin; 16521. a radial mounting hole; 1653. a collar; 16531. clamping a head; 1654. positioning pins; 1655. a conical spring; 1656. a cover body; 1650. a traveling wheel; 17. a plug pin assembly; 171. a clutch shaft; 1711. shaft end positioning holes; 17111. clamping teeth; 17112. a second magnet; 1712. the spring is connected with the lug; 1713. a first spring; 1714. a second gear; 172. a bolt; 1721. inserting plates; 1722. a first magnet; 18. a controller;

2. installing a frame; 21. positioning the mounting part; 23. a baffle plate; 231. a guide slope; 24. resetting the plug board; 241. an iron block; 242. a retainer ring; 25. a return spring; 26. an electric vehicle power supply electrode;

81. a centrifugal fan blade; 811. a linkage rod;

82. a heat dissipation plate; 821. a heat sink; 822. a fan blade mounting cavity;

83. a heat dissipation base; 831. a heat dissipation channel; 832. a liquid inlet joint a; 833. a liquid outlet joint a; 834. a drive plate mounting cavity;

84. a water wheel seat; 841. a water wheel mounting cavity; 842. a water wheel positioning shaft; 843. a water inlet channel; 844. a water outlet channel; 845. a liquid inlet joint b; 846. a liquid outlet joint b;

85. a drive disc; 86. a sealing cover; 87. a water wheel;

91. a cooling pump motor; 911. a cover plate;

92. a first pump casing; 921. a first water inlet joint; 922. a first water outlet joint; 92a, a water outlet pump chamber; 92b, a water inlet pump chamber;

93. a partition plate; 931. positioning the convex ring;

94. a second pump casing; 941. a second water inlet joint; 942. a second water outlet joint; 943; rotating the rod;

95. a first water wheel; 951. a transmission sleeve; 9511. opening the side;

96. a transmission rod; 960. a spring positioning rod; 961. a transmission insertion sheet;

97. a second water wheel; 971. a centering collar; 972. a transmission jack;

98. a memory alloy spring; 98a, stainless steel spring.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the pure electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes an electric vehicle main body a, an installation frame 2 fixedly installed on a lower bottom surface of the electric vehicle main body, and a battery assembly 1 detachably installed in the installation frame.

The battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame 11, a storage battery 112 mounted in the frame, and two stay bar assemblies 16 mounted on two sides of the frame.

A double-head motor 13 is also arranged in the frame body; two output shafts of the double-head motor face to the left side and the right side of the frame body along the horizontal direction; two output shafts of the double-head motor are respectively and fixedly connected with a horizontal pushing connecting shaft 131; a transverse pushing shaft 14 is sleeved on the transverse pushing connecting shaft; the transverse pushing shaft comprises a main shaft end 141 facing the transverse pushing connecting shaft and a connecting end 142 integrally formed with the main shaft end; the diameter of the connecting end is smaller than that of the main shaft end; a containing hole 143 is formed at the end part of the main shaft end; an internal thread 144 is formed in the accommodating hole; the forming depth of the internal thread is half of the depth of the containing hole; an external thread 1311 in threaded connection with the internal thread is formed at the position, close to the end, of the transverse pushing connecting shaft; the two external threads are opposite in screwing direction.

A transverse push rod 15 is sleeved on the connecting end; the length direction of the transverse push rod is along the length direction of the frame body; a buckle 145 for preventing the transverse pushing rod from falling off is further formed on the connecting end.

The brace rod component comprises two inclined brace rods 161 which are hinged with each other, and the hinged position of the brace rod components is positioned in the middle of the two inclined brace rods; one end of one inclined strut above is fixedly connected with a first positioning column 1611 arranged towards the frame body; the other end of the diagonal brace is provided with a driving wheel component 165; a second motor 162 is arranged at one end of the other inclined supporting rod above the other inclined supporting rod; a screw 1621 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor; the screw rod is in threaded connection with the inclined strut; a second positioning column 1622 is fixedly connected to one side of the second motor facing the frame body; the other end of the diagonal brace, to which the second motor is mounted, is rotatably connected to a driven wheel 164.

Positioning holes 116 are formed on the left side and the right side of the frame body corresponding to the first positioning column and the second positioning column; mounting holes 151 which are horizontally arranged are respectively formed at two ends of the transverse push rod; the first positioning column and the second positioning column penetrate through the positioning holes to be connected in the mounting holes in a rotating mode; the distance between the transverse push rod and the support rod assembly is kept unchanged, namely when the double-head motor works, the transverse push rod is driven by the transverse push shaft to slide along the left and right directions of the frame body, and the inclined support assemblies also synchronously slide on the left and right sides of the frame body; because the first positioning column and the second positioning column are rotatably connected in the mounting hole and are limited by the positioning holes, the length direction of the transverse push rod is always along the length direction of the frame body under the action of the transverse push shaft.

The driving wheel assembly comprises a rotating shaft 1651 rotatably connected to the inclined supporting rod, an iron pin 1652 inserted in the rotating shaft and a clamping ring 1653 sleeved outside the rotating shaft; one end of the rotating shaft penetrating through the inclined strut is fixedly connected with a traveling wheel 1650; a third gear 16511 is formed at one end of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the travelling wheel; an iron pin mounting hole 16512 for mounting the iron pin is formed at the center of one end of the rotating shaft located at the third gear; a plurality of radial mounting holes 16521 are formed in the periphery of the iron pin at equal intervals; a positioning pin 1654 is inserted into each radial mounting hole; the other end of the positioning pin is connected to the clamping ring in an interference manner; the side wall of the rotating shaft is formed with a guide hole 16513 for the positioning pin to pass through and limiting the movement direction of the positioning pin; a plurality of clamping heads 16531 are formed on one side, facing the inclined strut, of the clamping ring at equal intervals; clamping holes 1613 the number of which is integral multiple of the clamping heads are formed in one side of the inclined supporting rod facing the clamping ring at equal intervals; a cover body 1656 used for covering the retainer ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; the cover body and the rotating shaft are fixed through ultrasonic welding; the other end of the cover body is abutted against the inclined stay bar; a conical spring 1655 is arranged between the cover body and the retainer ring; the third gear is located outside the housing. The tapered spring pushes the clamping ring to the inclined support rod in an initial state, so that the clamping head is inserted into the clamping hole, and when the clamping head is inserted into the clamping hole, the rotating shaft and the inclined support rod do not rotate relatively due to the limitation of the clamping ring and the positioning pin.

A bolt component 17 is arranged at the lower end of the frame body corresponding to the driven wheel and the driving wheel component; the latch assembly comprises a clutch shaft 171 and a latch 172 rotatably connected to an end of the clutch shaft; a first fixed seat 110, a second fixed seat 118 and a third fixed seat 119 for fixing the bolt assembly are respectively arranged on the lower bottom surface of the frame body; the first fixed seat is sleeved at the end part of the clutch shaft close to the stay bar assembly; the second fixed seat is sleeved at the other end close to the clutch shaft; the third fixed seat is connected with the bolt in a sliding way; a spring connecting lug 1712 is formed on the outer side of the clutch shaft; a first spring 1713 is arranged at the position, facing the first fixed seat, of the spring connecting lug; the first fixing seat is formed with a spring mounting hole 1101 for mounting the first spring; two ends of the first spring are respectively and fixedly connected to the spring connecting lug and the spring mounting hole; the latch comprises a horizontally arranged inserting plate 1721 and a first magnet 1722 fixedly connected to the inserting plate. Under the state that the first spring is not stressed, the bolt component is located at one end facing the support rod component.

A shaft end positioning hole 1711 is formed at one end part, facing the stay bar assembly, of the clutch shaft corresponding to the driving wheel assembly; the shaft end positioning holes are equidistantly formed in a plurality of clamping teeth 17111 which are used for being in transmission connection with the third gear; a second magnet 17112 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the positioning hole; when the support rod assembly slides to a position closest to the frame body, a third gear of the driving wheel assembly is inserted into the shaft end positioning hole and is in meshing transmission connection with the clamping teeth, the iron pin is attracted by a second magnet and compresses the conical spring to enable the clamping head to be separated from the clamping hole, and the travelling wheel and the inclined support rod can rotate relatively at the moment; a second gear 1714 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the clutch shaft corresponding to the driving wheel component; a rectangular notch 114 is formed on the lower bottom surface of the frame body corresponding to the second gear; the width of the notch is greater than twice the width of the second gear; a first gear 1172 in meshing transmission connection with the second gear and a first motor 1171 for driving the first gear to rotate are arranged on the inner bottom surface of the frame body; when the first spring is in an unstressed state, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, and the clutch shaft is driven to rotate by the first motor, so that the latch drives the third gear to rotate, and the travelling wheel is driven to rotate; when the first spring is pulled, the clutch shaft slides to the other end of the stroke, and the first gear and the second gear are disengaged from each other.

The upper end of the frame body is fixedly connected with a cover body 12 for closing the frame body; a transverse groove 121 for accommodating the bolt assembly is formed at the upper end of the cover body; an insertion hole 1211 is formed inwards at one end of the transverse groove positioned in the middle; an electromagnet 122 is mounted at the upper end of the receptacle. When two battery components are stacked up and down, the battery component positioned above the battery components slides outwards by controlling the double-end motor, and simultaneously controls the second motor to work to push the inclined supporting rod through the screw rod, so that the battery components are lifted by changing the included angle between the two inclined supporting rods; the support rod assemblies of the battery assemblies positioned below are positioned on two sides closest to the frame body, the third gears on the driving wheels of the battery assemblies are meshed with the corresponding latches, the driving wheels are controlled to rotate by the first motor, so that the battery assemblies positioned below move to positions right below the battery assemblies positioned above, and then the second motor of the battery assemblies positioned above is controlled to rotate reversely, so that the two battery assemblies are attached to each other; controlling the electromagnet positioned below to be electrified, so that the direction of a magnetic field generated by the electromagnet is the same as that of the first magnet, the inserting plate slides towards the electromagnet, and the inserting plate is inserted into the inserting hole; and controlling the double-end motor of the battery component above again, contracting the stay bar component to the side face of the frame body, namely stacking the battery components, limiting the movement of the battery component above in the horizontal direction by the transverse grooves on the two sides of the cover plate of the battery component below, and inserting the insertion holes to limit the fixed connection of the upper battery component and the lower battery component in the vertical direction. The attraction force between the electromagnet and the first magnet is greater than the sum of the attraction force between the second magnet and the iron pin and the elastic force of the first spring.

The lower bottom surface of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with four positioning mounting parts 21 corresponding to the transverse grooves; each positioning installation part is internally and slidably connected with a reset inserting plate 24; an iron block 241 is fixedly arranged on the reset inserting plate; a retainer ring 242 is arranged at one end of the reset inserting plate positioned at the outer side; the iron block and the check ring are positioned at two sides of the positioning installation part, so that the reset inserting plate is prevented from falling off and the stroke of the reset inserting plate is limited; a return spring 25 is also arranged between the check ring and the positioning installation part; a baffle plate 23 for positioning the battery assembly is formed below the front end of the mounting frame; guide inclined planes 231 in the middle of the inclined planes are formed at the left side and the right side of the baffle; in the process of installing the battery assembly on the electric automobile, the battery assembly is positioned through the guide inclined plane and the baffle; when the battery assembly is installed on an electric automobile, the electromagnet is electrified, the reset plugboard is inserted into the jack, and the reset spring is pressed, so that the battery assembly is fixedly connected into the installation frame; when the electromagnet on the battery pack is powered off, the reset inserting plate is separated from the inserting hole due to the fact that the reset spring recovers deformation, and the battery pack is separated from the installing frame.

A charging electrode 115 connected with the storage battery is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the frame body; an output electrode 123 connected with the storage battery is mounted on the upper top surface of the cover body; and the lower bottom surface of the mounting frame is provided with an electric automobile power supply electrode 26 corresponding to the output electrode. When the battery assembly is installed in the installation frame, the output electrode is connected with the power supply electrode of the electric automobile; when two of the battery modules are stacked up and down, the charging electrode is connected to the output electrode.

And a heat dissipation port 113 is formed in the side wall of one end of the frame body, which is far away from the baffle.

A controller 18 is installed in the battery assembly; the controller is controlled by a terminal and is in wireless communication connection with the terminal; the first motor, the second motor, the double-end motor and the electromagnet are electrically connected with a controller.

Further, in order to prevent the battery pack from automatically dropping due to the exhaustion of the electric quantity of the storage battery in the battery pack, the output electrode is electrically connected with the controller; when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than 5% of the full-electricity electric quantity, the total electric quantity of the electric automobile is 95% of the total electric quantity of the storage battery, and the storage battery and the output electrode are in open circuit under the control of the controller.

When the battery assembly of the electric automobile is replaced, the electric automobile is parked to a place where the battery assembly is appointed to be replaced and flameout is carried out, a driver controls a double-head motor of the battery assembly on the electric automobile through a terminal to enable the support rod assembly to move out towards two sides of the frame body, controls the second motor to enable the support rod assembly to be downwards supported to enable the traveling wheel to be in contact with the ground of the driven wheel, then turns off the electromagnet to enable the battery assembly to be separated from the mounting frame, controls the second motor to enable the support rod assembly to be contracted again, controls the double-head motor to enable the support rod assembly to be contracted towards two sides of the frame body, at the moment, the clamping teeth are meshed with the third gear, and controls the first motor to drive the battery assembly to move out below the electric automobile; staff or driver control later treat that the battery pack of installation removes to the electric automobile below, make battery pack's front end with the baffle offsets, and the location is accomplished, shifts out the vaulting pole subassembly to both sides in proper order, struts the vaulting pole subassembly, when battery pack struts the upper end that makes battery pack and the installing frame offset, controls this battery pack's electro-magnet circular telegram, then the electro-magnet attracts thereby the iron plate makes during the picture peg that resets inserts the jack, with the shrink of vaulting pole subassembly, accomplish battery pack's change, exchange two battery pack's control terminal afterwards can.

Example 2

In order to prevent the electric automobile from driving, the reset plugboard is separated from the jack after resetting when the electromagnet is powered off due to the electromagnet circuit problem or insufficient power supply, so that the battery pack is separated from the electric automobile and falls off. This example is modified based on example 1 as follows: the iron block is replaced by a third magnet; when the battery assembly is separated from the electric automobile, the electromagnet is electrified with reverse current to enable the third magnet and the electromagnet to repel each other; when the electromagnet has a line problem or a power supply problem, the third magnet is still attracted with the iron block on the electromagnet due to the magnetism of the third magnet, so that the reset plugboard is always inserted into the jack, the battery pack is prevented from falling off, and the battery pack can continue to supply power to the electric automobile.

Example 3

With reference to fig. 11 to 18, the present embodiment is modified from embodiment 1 as follows: the battery pack is internally provided with a cooling assembly, the cooling assembly comprises a heat collecting pipeline arranged in the frame and used for absorbing heat emitted by the storage battery, a radiator arranged on the inner side surface of the heat radiating opening, and a cooling pump used for driving cooling liquid to circularly flow between the heat collecting pipeline and the radiator.

The radiator comprises a radiating plate 82, a radiating seat 83 and a water wheel seat 84 which are sequentially connected in a sealing way; the heat dissipation seat is provided with a heat dissipation channel 831 on the end face facing the heat dissipation plate, the heat dissipation channel is integrally in a serpentine pipe shape which is in circuitous arrangement and is shown in the figure, the side face of the heat dissipation seat is connected with a liquid inlet joint a832 and a liquid outlet joint a833, and the liquid inlet joint a and the liquid outlet joint a are respectively communicated with two ends of the heat dissipation channel.

The outer end face of the heat dissipation plate is uniformly formed with cooling fins 821, a circular groove-shaped fan blade mounting cavity 822 is formed in the middle of each cooling fin, and a centrifugal fan blade 81 is rotatably mounted in the fan blade mounting cavity.

A driving disc installation cavity 834 is formed in the end face, facing the water wheel seat, of the heat dissipation seat, a driving disc 85 is rotatably installed in the driving disc installation cavity, the centrifugal fan blade is coaxially and fixedly connected with the driving disc through a linkage rod, and the linkage rod penetrates through the heat dissipation plate and the heat dissipation seat; the end face of the heat dissipation seat facing the water wheel seat is connected with a sealing cover 86 made of aluminum alloy materials in a sealing mode.

The end face, facing the heat dissipation seat, of the water wheel seat is provided with a water wheel installation cavity 841 in a circular groove shape, and a water wheel 87 which drives a driving disc to rotate through magnetic force and further drives a centrifugal fan blade to rotate is rotatably installed in the water wheel installation cavity.

The interior bottom of water wheel installation cavity is connected with a water wheel locating shaft 842 of being connected with the water wheel rotation, along circumference equidistance fixed mounting has a plurality of permanent magnet a on the water wheel, the permanent magnet b that absorbs mutually with permanent magnet a is installed to the position that corresponds each permanent magnet a on the driving-disc.

The middle of the water wheel is provided with a disk body provided with a permanent magnet a, and the periphery of the disk body is uniformly connected with a plurality of water wheel blades.

The end face, facing the heat dissipation seat, of the water wheel seat is provided with a water inlet channel 843 and a water outlet channel 844 which are communicated with the water wheel installation cavity in a forming mode, and the water inlet channel 843, the water wheel installation cavity and the water outlet channel 844 form a water wheel driving channel together. A necking part which is beneficial to increasing the flow speed of liquid is formed at the joint of the water inlet channel and the water wheel mounting cavity; the side of the water wheel seat is respectively connected with a liquid inlet joint b845 communicated with the water inlet channel and a liquid outlet joint b846 communicated with the water outlet channel.

The cooling pump comprises a first pump shell 92, a first water wheel 95 rotatably mounted in the first pump shell, a second pump shell 94 coaxially connected with the first pump shell, a second water wheel 97 rotatably mounted in the second pump shell, and a cooling pump motor 91 connected to one end of the first pump shell far away from the second pump shell and used for driving the first water wheel to rotate.

The first pump shell comprises an outlet pump chamber 82a for mounting the first water wheel and an inlet pump chamber 92b connected to one end of the outlet pump chamber far away from the motor of the cooling pump; the end part of the cooling pump motor, which is provided with the output shaft, is connected with a cover plate 911, and the cover plate is hermetically connected with a water outlet pump chamber; go out the water pump room and keep away from the shaping in the middle of the bottom surface of apron one end and have a water gap, it is connected with first water connectors 922 to go out water pump room lateral wall an organic whole, intake pump room lateral wall an organic whole is connected with first water connectors 921.

The first water outlet connector is connected with one end of the heat collecting pipeline through a pipeline, the other end of the heat collecting pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet connector a through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet connector a is connected with the first water inlet connector through a pipeline. The first pump shell, the first water wheel and the cooling pump motor form a heat dissipation pump part.

A partition plate 93 for separating the second pump shell from the water inlet pump chamber is hermetically connected between the second pump shell and the water inlet pump chamber; the terminal surface an organic whole that the baffle was kept away from to the second pump case is connected with second water supply connector 941, second pump case lateral wall an organic whole is connected with second water connectors 942.

The second water outlet joint is connected with the liquid inlet joint b through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet joint b is connected with the second water inlet joint through a pipeline. And the second pump shell, the second water wheel, the transmission rod and the memory alloy spring form a water wheel driving pump part. It should be noted that the heat dissipation pump portion and the water wheel driving pump portion are only for convenience of describing the functions of the cooling assembly, and in fact, the memory alloy spring is matched with the transmission rod to play a role in transmission, and the final power source is still the cooling pump motor.

The middle of the second water inlet joint is connected with a rotating rod 943 which is rotatably connected with one end of a second water wheel through a bracket; a rotating hole which is in rotating fit connection with the rotating rod is formed at one end of the second water wheel, a centering sleeve ring 971 is formed at the other end of the second water wheel, and a positioning convex ring 931 which is in rotating insertion connection with the centering sleeve ring is formed on the end face, facing the second water wheel, of the partition plate; a straight or cross-shaped transmission jack is formed in the middle of the centering lantern ring on the second water wheel.

First water wheels one end and the output shaft fixed connection of cooling pump motor, the other end an organic whole of first water wheels is connected with a pipy transmission cover 951, the inner wall of transmission cover is the polygon, just the lateral wall of transmission cover has more than one side opening 9511 along the shaping of transmission cover length direction.

A transmission rod 96 in the shape of a polygonal cylinder is slidably arranged in the transmission sleeve, and a memory alloy spring 98 is connected between the transmission rod and the bottom end of the transmission sleeve; and a transmission insertion sheet 961 which is matched and spliced with a transmission insertion hole on the second water wheel is formed at one end of the transmission rod, which is far away from the memory alloy spring. The middle part of the transmission rod is vertically connected with a spring positioning rod 960, and a stainless steel spring 98a is arranged outside the transmission sleeve and between the spring positioning rod and the partition plate.

The memory alloy spring extends when the temperature rises to a set value (such as 45 ℃), so that the transmission insertion piece is inserted into the transmission insertion hole, and the second water wheel and the first water wheel rotate synchronously; when the temperature is lower than the set value, the memory alloy spring contracts under the action of the elastic force of the stainless steel spring, so that the transmission insertion piece is separated from the transmission insertion hole, and the second water wheel does not rotate.

The working principle of the cooling assembly is that when the temperature in the battery assembly is low, the memory alloy spring does not reach the phase-change temperature, the elastic force of the stainless steel spring is larger than the elastic force of the memory alloy spring (or the memory alloy spring does not have the elastic force), the transmission insertion piece of the transmission rod is separated from the transmission insertion hole of the second water wheel, namely, only the heat dissipation pump part of the cooling pump is in a working state, the cooling liquid flows to the radiator after absorbing heat in the heat collection pipeline, is pumped into the heat dissipation pump part after the radiator is passively cooled, and then flows back to the heat collection pipeline again so as to circulate.

When the temperature in the battery component rises to exceed a set value, the memory alloy spring reaches the phase change temperature and extends, and the elasticity of the memory alloy spring at the moment is larger than that of the stainless steel spring, so that the driving transmission rod is driven to move towards the second water wheel, the driving insertion piece is inserted into the driving insertion hole, and at the moment, the second water wheel rotates along with the first water wheel simultaneously, namely, the water wheel driving pump part is in a working state. At the moment, the water wheel driving pump part and the water wheel driving channel form a closed loop, the second water wheel drives the cooling liquid to flow so as to drive the water wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the water wheel drives the centrifugal fan blades to rotate, so that the radiator is in an active radiating state, and the radiating speed of the radiator is accelerated.

In conclusion, the cooling assembly can realize two working modes of passive heat dissipation or active heat dissipation of the radiator only through one cooling pump, only one cooling pump motor needs to be driven, complex control circuits, sensors and the like are not needed, the system stability is high, and the maintenance-free time is long.

The transmission rod is arranged in the middle of the partition plate, the transmission rod is not required to be sealed with the partition plate, and transformer oil can be used as cooling liquid in the water wheel driving pump part and the heat dissipation pump part at the same time.

Claims

1. A pure electric vehicle is characterized in that: the electric vehicle comprises an electric vehicle main body, a mounting frame fixedly mounted on the lower bottom surface of the electric vehicle main body and a battery assembly detachably mounted in the mounting frame;

a controller is arranged in the battery component; the first motor, the second motor and the electromagnet are electrically connected with a controller.

2. The pure electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: a double-head motor is also arranged in the frame body; two output shafts of the double-head motor face to the left side and the right side of the frame body along the horizontal direction; two output shafts of the double-head motor are respectively and fixedly connected with a horizontal pushing connecting shaft; the transverse pushing connecting shaft is sleeved with a transverse pushing shaft; the transverse pushing shaft comprises a main shaft end facing the transverse pushing connecting shaft and a connecting end integrally formed with the main shaft end; a containing hole is formed at the end part of the main shaft end; an internal thread is formed in the containing hole; the forming depth of the internal thread is half of the depth of the containing hole; an external thread in threaded connection with the internal thread is formed at the position, close to the end part, of the transverse pushing connecting shaft;

positioning holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the frame body corresponding to the first positioning column and the second positioning column; mounting holes which are horizontally arranged are respectively formed at two ends of the transverse push rod; the first positioning column and the second positioning column penetrate through the positioning holes to be connected in the mounting holes in a rotating mode; the double-end motor is electrically connected with the controller.

3. A pure electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the driving wheel assembly also comprises an iron pin inserted in the rotating shaft and a clamping ring sleeved outside the rotating shaft;

and a second magnet is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the shaft end positioning hole of the clutch shaft corresponding to the driving wheel assembly.

4. The pure electric vehicle of claim 3, characterized in that: the number of the clamping holes is integral multiple of the number of the clamping heads.

5. The pure electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: a baffle plate for positioning the battery assembly is formed below the front end of the mounting frame; the left side and the right side of the baffle are formed with guide inclined planes in the middle of the inclined planes.