CN108638884B - New forms of energy electric bus - Google Patents

New forms of energy electric bus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108638884B
CN108638884B CN201810454203.6A CN201810454203A CN108638884B CN 108638884 B CN108638884 B CN 108638884B CN 201810454203 A CN201810454203 A CN 201810454203A CN 108638884 B CN108638884 B CN 108638884B
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
frame body
fixedly connected
shaft
wheel
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CN201810454203.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108638884A (en
Inventor
叶桂阳
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Shaoxing RIJIE Construction Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Shaoxing Rijie Construction Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and discloses a new energy electric bus which comprises an automobile main body, a battery pack mounting seat fixedly mounted at the rear end of the automobile main body, and a battery pack movably mounted in the battery pack mounting seat; the battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame body, a front wheel shaft arranged at the front end of the frame body, two rear wheel shafts arranged at the rear part of the frame body and two rotary lifting assemblies symmetrically arranged at two sides of the frame body; and a rear wheel driving component is arranged on one side of the rear wheel shaft in the frame body. According to the invention, when the electric quantity is insufficient, the battery assembly is directly replaced, so that the waiting time during charging is saved, and the electric automobile can be put into use more quickly; the rotation of the rear wheel and the switching between the stretching and the retracting of the positioning rod can be realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor.

Description

New forms of energy electric bus
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to a new energy electric bus.
Background
With the rapid development of electric automobiles and the increase of the national investment, electric motor coaches are correspondingly developed. National industry policies also encourage the development of electric passenger vehicles towards industrialization. However, the electric energy stored in the storage battery of the electric motor coach is limited, when the electric energy of the storage battery of the electric motor coach is exhausted, the electric motor coach can only stop at the charging station for charging, and the storage battery of the general electric motor coach is arranged at the lower part of the coach body, so that the electric motor coach is complicated to replace even if the storage battery is replaced by replacing the storage battery for supplementing the electric energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the new energy electric bus is provided.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted for realizing the purpose: the utility model provides an electric bus of new forms of energy, an electric bus of new forms of energy which characterized in that: the automobile battery pack mounting structure comprises an automobile main body, a battery pack mounting seat fixedly mounted at the rear end of the automobile main body and a battery pack movably mounted in the battery pack mounting seat;
the battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame body, a front wheel shaft arranged at the front end of the frame body, two rear wheel shafts arranged at the rear part of the frame body and two rotary lifting assemblies symmetrically arranged at two sides of the frame body;
the front wheel shaft is rotatably connected to the lower part of the frame body; the two ends of the front wheel shaft, which are positioned outside the frame body, are fixedly connected with a front wheel, a second gear and a limiting guide pillar from inside to outside respectively; the middle part of the front wheel shaft is positioned in the frame body and is fixedly connected with a third gear; a first gear in meshing transmission connection with the third gear and a first motor for driving the first gear are arranged in the frame body corresponding to the third gear;
the battery component mounting seat is formed with a rectangular mounting groove with an opening at the lower end; racks in meshed transmission connection with the second gear are fixedly connected to the two sides of the mounting groove corresponding to the second gear; the two sides in the mounting groove are fixedly connected with limiting guide grooves corresponding to the limiting guide pillars;
the two rear wheel shafts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame body; the rear wheel shaft comprises a hollow shaft body which is rotatably connected in the frame body; one end of the shaft body, which is positioned outside the frame body, is fixedly connected with a rear wheel; one end of the shaft body, which is positioned in the frame body, is fixedly connected with a fourth gear;
a hollow insulating sleeve is fixedly connected in the shaft body; a positioning rod is connected in the insulating sleeve in a sliding manner; the positioning rod comprises an insulating part with one end positioned in the frame and an electrode end facing outwards; the end part of the insulating part far away from the electrode end is fixedly connected with an electrode contact piece; the electrode contact piece is connected with the electrode end;
a rear wheel driving component is arranged on one side of the rear wheel shaft in the frame body; the rear wheel driving assembly comprises a fifth gear in meshed transmission connection with the fourth gear and a stepping motor for driving the fifth gear; a through hole is formed in the center of the fifth gear; a driving shaft is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the stepping motor; the driving shaft is inserted into a through hole of a fifth gear close to one end of the stepping motor; one end of the driving shaft, which is far away from the stepping motor, is fixedly connected with a driven shaft inserted in the other through hole; a clamping jaw is formed in the through hole; a first ratchet wheel and a second ratchet wheel which are in transmission connection with the clamping jaws are fixedly connected to the driving shaft and the driven shaft at positions corresponding to the clamping jaws respectively; the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are in the same direction;
an incomplete worm wheel horizontally rotates on the axis of the positioning rod in the frame body; a connecting rod is respectively and rotatably connected between the worm wheel and the two positioning rods; a hollow sleeve rod is sleeved on the driving shaft; the sleeve rod is fixedly connected with a first worm which is in meshing transmission connection with the incomplete worm wheel; the inner wall of the sleeve rod is formed with a latch; a sixth gear in transmission connection with the latch is fixedly connected to the driving shaft at a position corresponding to the latch;
a storage battery is arranged in the frame body; the inner bottom surface of the frame body is fixedly connected with an output electrode of the storage battery; positioning electrode holes for inserting the positioning rods are arranged on the two sides of the mounting groove corresponding to the positioning rods;
fixed gears are fixedly connected to two sides of the frame body respectively; the two fixed gears are mutually symmetrical and are positioned at the front part of the outer side of the frame body;
the rotary lifting assembly comprises rectangular rotating plates which are rotatably connected to two sides of the frame body; the rotating plate takes the axis of the fixed gear as a rotating center, and the fixed gear is positioned on the outer side of the rotating plate; the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a second motor; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a driving rod; a second worm is formed at the position, close to the second motor, of the driving rod; a worm wheel in transmission connection with the second worm is mounted on the rotating plate; the rotating plate is also provided with a moving gear which is coaxial with the worm gear; the moving gear is in meshed transmission connection with the fixed gear; the moving gear is fixedly connected with the worm gear;
a second screw rod is formed at one end, far away from the second motor, of the driving rod; the second screw rod is in threaded connection with a support sleeve; a support sleeve guide block is formed on one side of the support sleeve facing the rotating plate; a support sleeve guide groove which is connected with the support sleeve guide block in a sliding manner is formed on the rotating plate corresponding to the support sleeve guide block;
a controller is arranged in the frame body; the first motor, the second motor and the stepping motor are electrically connected with a controller.
As a preferable scheme: a clamping strip is formed at the end part of the driven shaft connected with the driving shaft; and a bayonet for inserting the clamping strip is formed at the end part of the driving shaft.
As a preferable scheme: the rotating shaft of the worm wheel is positioned in the centers of the two rear wheels; the two connecting rods are equal in length and are centrosymmetric relative to the axis of the worm wheel.
As a preferable scheme: the front wheel, the second gear and the limiting guide pillar are coaxially arranged, and the outer diameters of the front wheel, the second gear and the limiting guide pillar are sequentially reduced; the distance between the end parts of the two limiting guide columns is larger than the maximum width of the frame body.
As a preferable scheme: the limiting guide groove is parallel to the rack; the upper end and the lower end of the rack are both longer than the guide groove.
As a preferable scheme: the included angle of the acute angle formed between the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the battery pack mounting seat and the ground is 60-80 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the automobile limiting guide post is used, the battery assembly is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the automobile main body, the limiting guide post is positioned in the limiting guide groove, and the positioning column is inserted in the electrode hole; when the battery component needs to be separated from the battery component mounting seat, an operator controls the stepping motor to rotate forwards through the controller, so that the positioning column is contracted to be separated from the electrode hole, and then controls the first motor to rotate backwards, so that the battery component moves downwards; with the downward movement of the battery pack, the rear wheel is in contact with the ground and moves backwards, and then a second motor is controlled to work to enable one end, located on the supporting sleeve, of the rotating plate to rotate towards the ground, and at the moment, the supporting sleeve is in contact with the ground; the supporting sleeve extends towards the ground along with the rotation of the rotating plate; along with the descending of the front wheel, the second gear is separated from the rack, the battery assembly is separated from the lower end of the battery assembly mounting seat, the second motor is controlled to rotate to face the direction of the rear wheel, and the front wheel is contacted with the ground; and controlling the first motor to rotate reversely, so that the battery assembly retreats to complete the separation of the battery assembly.
When the battery assembly is installed on the battery assembly installation seat, the battery assembly is controlled to move to the rear end of the battery assembly installation seat through a controller, so that the battery assembly moves below the battery assembly installation seat and the second gear is aligned with the rack; the second motor is controlled to work to enable the rotating plate to rotate to face the ground, the supporting sleeve is supported on the ground, the front wheels are lifted to be away from the ground, namely the front end of the battery pack is lifted, and the rear wheels are still in contact with the ground; when the height of the front wheel is lifted to be above the lowest end of the rack, then a second motor is controlled to rotate reversely to enable the rotating plate to rotate in the opposite direction, meanwhile, the rear wheel is controlled to rotate to enable the battery component to move forwards, then the front wheel moves towards the direction of the mounting groove, and meanwhile, a second gear moves towards the rack and is meshed with the rack; controlling the first motor to rotate positively to drive the front wheel shaft to rotate, enabling the front end of the battery component to move upwards along with the rack, and controlling the second motor to rotate and return to the initial state; along with the upward movement of the battery component, the limiting guide pillar moves into the limiting guide groove, so that the second gear is normally meshed with the rack; when the battery pack moves to the uppermost end, the stepping motor is controlled to rotate reversely, so that the positioning rod extends out and is inserted into the electrode hole, and the battery pack is installed.
According to the invention, when the electric quantity is insufficient, the battery assembly is directly replaced, so that the waiting time during charging is saved, and the electric automobile can be put into use more quickly; the battery assembly is arranged at the rear end of the automobile main body, so that an operator can observe when the battery assembly is replaced, and the positioning is more accurate; the rotating plate can rotate and simultaneously support the front part of the battery assembly by the supporting sleeve by controlling the second motor to rotate, and the second gear is meshed with the rack under the matching of the rear wheel, so that the battery assembly can climb onto the battery assembly mounting seat; the switching between the rotation of the rear wheel and the stretching of the positioning rod can be realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor; two the rear wheel is controlled by single step motor, guarantees two the rear wheel synchronous rotation, just step motor can control again the flexible of locating lever.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an installation process of the battery pack of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack mounting base.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mounting assembly.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting structure inside the battery pack.
Fig. 5 is an exploded structural view of the battery module.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the positioning rod.
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the rear wheel drive assembly.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional structural view of the bell crank.
Fig. 9 is a connection block diagram of the cooling module of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the heat sink of the present invention.
Fig. 11 and 12 are exploded structural views of the heat sink of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the cooling pump of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional structure view of the cooling pump of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is an exploded view of the cooling pump of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the first water wheel, the second water wheel and the transmission component of the invention.
A. An automobile body;
B. a battery pack mounting base; b1, mounting grooves; b2, a rack; b3, electrode holes; b4, a limiting guide groove;
1. a battery assembly;
11. a frame body; 111. an output electrode; 112. a first motor; 113. a first gear; 114. a guide strip; 115. a storage battery; 116. a controller; 117. a fixed gear;
12. a front wheel axle; 121. a front wheel; 122. a second gear; 123. a limiting guide post; 124. a third gear;
13. a rear wheel axle; 131. a shaft body; 132. a rear wheel; 133. an insulating sleeve; 134. a fourth gear;
14. a rotating lift assembly; 141. a rotating plate; 1411. a support sleeve guide groove; 142. a second motor; 143. a drive rod; 1431. a second worm; 1432. a second screw; 144. a support sleeve; 1441. a support sleeve guide block; 145. (ii) a A worm gear; 146. a moving gear;
15. a rear wheel drive assembly; 151. a stepping motor; 152. a drive shaft; 1521. a first ratchet wheel; 1522. a sixth gear; 1523. a bayonet; 154. a fifth gear; 1541. a first through hole; 1542. a claw; 155. a sleeved rod; 1551. a first worm; 1552. clamping teeth; 156. a driven shaft; 1561. a second ratchet wheel; 1562. clamping the strip;
16. positioning a rod; 161. an insulating section; 162. an electrode terminal; 163. an electrode contact; 165. a guide groove;
17. an incomplete worm gear;
18. a connecting rod;
81. a centrifugal fan blade; 811. a linkage rod;
82. a heat dissipation plate; 821. a heat sink; 822. a fan blade mounting cavity;
83. a heat dissipation base; 831. a heat dissipation channel; 832. a liquid inlet joint a; 833. a liquid outlet joint a; 834. a drive plate mounting cavity;
84. a water wheel seat; 841. a water wheel mounting cavity; 842. a water wheel positioning shaft; 843. a water inlet channel; 844. a water outlet channel; 845. a liquid inlet joint b; 846. a liquid outlet joint b;
85. a drive disc; 86. a sealing cover; 87. a water wheel;
91. a cooling pump motor; 911. a cover plate;
92. a first pump casing; 921. a first water inlet joint; 922. a first water outlet joint; 92a, a water outlet pump chamber; 92b, a water inlet pump chamber;
93. a partition plate; 931. positioning the convex ring;
94. a second pump casing; 941. a second water inlet joint; 942. a second water outlet joint; 943; rotating the rod;
95. a first water wheel; 951. a transmission sleeve; 9511. opening the side;
96. a transmission rod; 960. a spring positioning rod; 961. a transmission insertion sheet;
97. a second water wheel; 971. a centering collar; 972. a transmission jack;
98. a memory alloy spring; 98a, stainless steel spring.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the new energy electric bus according to the embodiment includes a main body a, a battery assembly mounting seat B fixedly mounted at a rear end of the main body, and a battery assembly 1 movably mounted in the battery assembly mounting seat.
The battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame body 11, a front wheel shaft 12 installed at the front end of the frame body, two rear wheel shafts 13 installed at the rear part of the frame body, and two rotary lifting assemblies 14 symmetrically installed at two sides of the frame body.
The front wheel shaft is rotatably connected to the lower part of the frame body; the two ends of the front wheel shaft, which are positioned outside the frame body, are fixedly connected with a front wheel 121, a second gear 122 and a limiting guide post 123 from inside to outside respectively; the front wheel, the second gear and the limiting guide pillar are coaxially arranged, and the outer diameters of the front wheel, the second gear and the limiting guide pillar are sequentially reduced; the distance between the end parts of the two limiting guide columns is greater than the maximum width of the frame body; the middle part of the front wheel shaft is positioned in the frame body and is fixedly connected with a third gear 124; a first gear 113 in meshing transmission connection with the third gear and a first motor 112 for driving the first gear are arranged in the frame body corresponding to the third gear. When the battery pack is placed on the ground, the front wheels are in contact with the ground.
The battery pack mounting seat is formed with a rectangular mounting groove B1 with an opening at the lower end; the width of the mounting groove is greater than the maximum width of the battery pack; two sides of the mounting groove corresponding to the second gear are fixedly connected with a rack B2 in meshing transmission connection with the second gear; the two sides in the mounting groove are fixedly connected with limiting guide grooves B4 corresponding to the limiting guide posts; the limiting guide groove is parallel to the rack; the upper end and the lower end of the rack are both longer than the guide groove; the width of the limiting guide groove is equal to the diameter of the limiting guide pillar. Because the second gear is coaxial with the limiting guide pillar, the limiting guide pillar is limited by the limiting guide groove, so that the second gear is tightly meshed with the rack, and the second gear is prevented from being separated from the rack.
The two rear wheel shafts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame body; the rear wheel shaft comprises a hollow shaft body 131 which is rotatably connected in the frame body; one end of the shaft body, which is positioned outside the frame body, is fixedly connected with a rear wheel 132; one end of the shaft body, which is positioned in the frame body, is fixedly connected with a fourth gear 134; the two rear wheels and the corresponding front wheels are positioned on the same straight line.
A hollow insulating sleeve 133 is fixedly connected in the shaft body; a positioning rod 16 is connected in the insulating sleeve in a sliding manner; the positioning rod comprises an insulating part 161 with one end positioned in the frame and an electrode end 162 facing outwards; the end part of the insulating part far away from the electrode end is fixedly connected with an electrode contact piece 163; the electrode contact piece is connected with the electrode end.
A rear wheel driving component 15 is arranged on one side of the rear wheel shaft in the frame body; the rear wheel driving assembly comprises a fifth gear 154 in meshed transmission connection with the fourth gear and a stepping motor 151 for driving the fifth gear; a through hole 1541 is formed in the center of the fifth gear; a driving shaft 152 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the stepping motor; the driving shaft is inserted into a through hole of a fifth gear close to one end of the stepping motor; one end of the driving shaft, which is far away from the stepping motor, is fixedly connected with a driven shaft 156 inserted in the other through hole; a claw 1542 is formed in the through hole; a first ratchet wheel 1521 and a second ratchet wheel 1561 which are in transmission connection with the jaws are fixedly connected to the driving shaft and the driven shaft at positions corresponding to the jaws respectively; the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are in the same direction. When the stepping motor drives the driving shaft to rotate positively, the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel drive the two fifth gears to rotate, so that the rear wheel rotates; when the stepping motor drives the driving shaft to rotate reversely, the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel respectively rotate relative to the two fifth gears, and the fifth gears cannot be driven to rotate.
A clamping strip 1562 is formed at the end part of the driven shaft connected with the driving shaft; a bayonet 1523 for inserting the card strip is formed at the end part of the driving shaft; the clamping strip is located on the diameter of the cross section of the driven shaft.
An incomplete worm wheel 17 is horizontally rotated on the axis of the positioning rod in the frame body; the rotating shaft of the worm wheel is positioned in the centers of the two rear wheels; a connecting rod 18 is respectively and rotatably connected between the worm wheel and the two positioning rods; the two connecting rods are equal in length and are centrosymmetric relative to the axis of the worm wheel; a hollow sleeve rod 155 is sleeved on the driving shaft; a first worm 1551 in meshing transmission connection with the incomplete worm wheel is fixedly connected to the sleeving rod; a latch 1552 is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve rod; a sixth gear 1522 in transmission connection with the latch is fixedly connected to the driving shaft corresponding to the latch. The stepping motor drives the first worm on the sleeving rod to rotate, so that the incomplete worm wheel horizontally rotates, and the positioning rod is stretched through the connecting rod; when the stepping motor rotates forwards, the first worm drives the incomplete worm gear to rotate, so that the positioning rod is positioned in the rear wheel, namely in a contraction state; when the stepping motor rotates reversely, the positioning rod is in a state of extending out of the outer side of the rear wheel.
A storage battery 115 is arranged in the frame body; the inner bottom surface of the frame body is fixedly connected with an output electrode 111 of the storage battery; positioning electrode holes B3 for the positioning rods to be inserted are arranged on the two sides of the mounting groove corresponding to the positioning rods; a guide strip 114 arranged along the axial direction of the rear wheel shaft is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the frame body corresponding to the positioning rod; and a guide groove 165 in sliding connection with the guide strip is formed at the position of the positioning rod corresponding to the guide strip. When the positioning rod is inserted into the electrode hole, the output electrode is abutted against the electrode contact piece, and the storage battery supplies power to the automobile main body through the output electrode, the electrode contact piece, the electrode end of the positioning rod and the electrode hole; meanwhile, the battery pack is fixed in the battery pack mounting seat through the limitation of the positioning rod, the limiting guide pillar and the limiting guide groove.
Fixed gears 117 are fixedly connected to two sides of the frame body respectively; the two fixed gears are mutually symmetrical and are positioned at the front part of the outer side of the frame body.
The rotary lifting assembly comprises rectangular rotating plates 141 which are rotatably connected to two sides of the frame body; the rotating plate takes the axis of the fixed gear as a rotating center, and the fixed gear is positioned on the outer side of the rotating plate; the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a second motor 142; a driving rod 143 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor; the driving rod is arranged along the length direction of the rotating plate; a second worm 1431 is formed on the driving rod close to the second motor; a worm wheel 145 in transmission connection with the second worm is mounted on the rotating plate; the rotating plate is also provided with a moving gear 146 which is coaxially arranged with the worm gear; the moving gear is in meshed transmission connection with the fixed gear; the moving gear is fixedly connected with the worm gear.
A second screw 1432 is formed at one end of the driving rod far away from the second motor; a support sleeve 144 is connected to the second screw rod in a threaded manner; a support sleeve guide block 1441 is formed on one side, facing the rotating plate, of the support sleeve; a support sleeve guide groove 1411 which is in sliding connection with the support sleeve guide block is formed on the rotating plate corresponding to the support sleeve guide block; the support sleeve guide groove is arranged along the length direction of the rotating plate.
When the second motor works, the driving rod drives the worm wheel to rotate, the second worm drives the moving gear to rotate, and the fixed gear is fixed, so that the moving gear rotates around the fixed gear, and the rotating plate rotates by taking the fixed gear as an axis; meanwhile, the second screw rod is in threaded connection with the support sleeve, and the support sleeve guide block and the support sleeve guide groove limit the rotation of the support sleeve, so that the support sleeve moves along the length direction of the driving rod.
When the rotating plate is positioned at one end of the supporting sleeve and rotates towards the ground, the supporting sleeve moves towards the direction far away from the second motor, namely the whole length of the rotary lifting assembly is extended; when the rotating plate is positioned at one end of the supporting sleeve and rotates towards the direction of the rear wheel, the supporting sleeve moves towards the direction close to the second motor; in the initial state, one end of the rotating plate, which is positioned on the supporting sleeve, faces the direction of the rear wheel.
A controller 116 is arranged in the frame body; the first motor, the second motor and the stepping motor are electrically connected with a controller. The controller is controlled by the terminal and is in wireless communication connection with the terminal.
In order to prevent the battery component from being replaced, the battery component cannot be smoothly separated from the battery component mounting seat due to the fact that the frame body is perpendicular to the ground, and the included angle of the acute angle formed between the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the battery component mounting seat and the ground is 60-80 degrees.
When the automobile limiting guide post is used, the battery assembly is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the automobile main body, the limiting guide post is positioned in the limiting guide groove, and the positioning column is inserted in the electrode hole; when the battery component needs to be separated from the battery component mounting seat, an operator controls the stepping motor to rotate forwards through the controller, so that the positioning column is contracted to be separated from the electrode hole, and then controls the first motor to rotate backwards, so that the battery component moves downwards; with the downward movement of the battery pack, the rear wheel is in contact with the ground and moves backwards, and then a second motor is controlled to work to enable one end, located on the supporting sleeve, of the rotating plate to rotate towards the ground, and at the moment, the supporting sleeve is in contact with the ground; the supporting sleeve extends towards the ground along with the rotation of the rotating plate; along with the descending of the front wheel, the second gear is separated from the rack, the battery assembly is separated from the lower end of the battery assembly mounting seat, the second motor is controlled to rotate to face the direction of the rear wheel, and the front wheel is contacted with the ground; and controlling the first motor to rotate reversely, so that the battery assembly retreats to complete the separation of the battery assembly.
When the battery assembly is installed on the battery assembly installation seat, the battery assembly is controlled to move to the rear end of the battery assembly installation seat through a controller, so that the battery assembly moves below the battery assembly installation seat and the second gear is aligned with the rack; the second motor is controlled to work to enable the rotating plate to rotate to face the ground, the supporting sleeve is supported on the ground, the front wheels are lifted to be away from the ground, namely the front end of the battery pack is lifted, and the rear wheels are still in contact with the ground; when the height of the front wheel is lifted to be above the lowest end of the rack, then a second motor is controlled to rotate reversely to enable the rotating plate to rotate in the opposite direction, meanwhile, the rear wheel is controlled to rotate to enable the battery component to move forwards, then the front wheel moves towards the direction of the mounting groove, and meanwhile, a second gear moves towards the rack and is meshed with the rack; controlling the first motor to rotate positively to drive the front wheel shaft to rotate, enabling the front end of the battery component to move upwards along with the rack, and controlling the second motor to rotate and return to the initial state; along with the upward movement of the battery component, the limiting guide pillar moves into the limiting guide groove, so that the second gear is normally meshed with the rack; when the battery pack moves to the uppermost end, the stepping motor is controlled to rotate reversely, so that the positioning rod extends out and is inserted into the electrode hole, and the battery pack is installed.
According to the invention, when the electric quantity is insufficient, the battery assembly is directly replaced, so that the waiting time during charging is saved, and the electric automobile can be put into use more quickly; the battery assembly is arranged at the rear end of the automobile main body, so that an operator can observe when the battery assembly is replaced, and the positioning is more accurate; the rotating plate can rotate and simultaneously support the front part of the battery assembly by the supporting sleeve by controlling the second motor to rotate, and the second gear is meshed with the rack under the matching of the rear wheel, so that the battery assembly can climb onto the battery assembly mounting seat; the switching between the rotation of the rear wheel and the stretching of the positioning rod can be realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor; two the rear wheel is controlled by single step motor, guarantees two the rear wheel synchronous rotation, just step motor can control again the flexible of locating lever.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 9 to 16, the present embodiment is modified from embodiment 1 as follows: the battery pack is internally provided with a cooling assembly, the cooling assembly comprises a heat collecting pipeline arranged in the frame and used for absorbing heat emitted by the storage battery, a radiator arranged in the frame and a cooling pump used for driving cooling liquid to circularly flow between the heat collecting pipeline and the radiator.
The radiator comprises a radiating plate 82, a radiating seat 83 and a water wheel seat 84 which are sequentially connected in a sealing way; the heat dissipation seat is provided with a heat dissipation channel 831 on the end face facing the heat dissipation plate, the heat dissipation channel is integrally in a serpentine pipe shape which is in circuitous arrangement and is shown in the figure, the side face of the heat dissipation seat is connected with a liquid inlet joint a832 and a liquid outlet joint a833, and the liquid inlet joint a and the liquid outlet joint a are respectively communicated with two ends of the heat dissipation channel.
The outer end face of the heat dissipation plate is uniformly formed with cooling fins 821, a circular groove-shaped fan blade mounting cavity 822 is formed in the middle of each cooling fin, and a centrifugal fan blade 81 is rotatably mounted in the fan blade mounting cavity.
A driving disc installation cavity 834 is formed in the end face, facing the water wheel seat, of the heat dissipation seat, a driving disc 85 is rotatably installed in the driving disc installation cavity, the centrifugal fan blade is coaxially and fixedly connected with the driving disc through a linkage rod, and the linkage rod penetrates through the heat dissipation plate and the heat dissipation seat; the end face of the heat dissipation seat facing the water wheel seat is connected with a sealing cover 86 made of aluminum alloy materials in a sealing mode.
The end face, facing the heat dissipation seat, of the water wheel seat is provided with a water wheel installation cavity 841 in a circular groove shape, and a water wheel 87 which drives a driving disc to rotate through magnetic force and further drives a centrifugal fan blade to rotate is rotatably installed in the water wheel installation cavity.
The interior bottom of water wheel installation cavity is connected with a water wheel locating shaft 842 of being connected with the water wheel rotation, along circumference equidistance fixed mounting has a plurality of permanent magnet a on the water wheel, the permanent magnet b that absorbs mutually with permanent magnet a is installed to the position that corresponds each permanent magnet a on the driving-disc.
The middle of the water wheel is provided with a disk body provided with a permanent magnet a, and the periphery of the disk body is uniformly connected with a plurality of water wheel blades.
The end face, facing the heat dissipation seat, of the water wheel seat is provided with a water inlet channel 843 and a water outlet channel 844 which are communicated with the water wheel installation cavity in a forming mode, and the water inlet channel 843, the water wheel installation cavity and the water outlet channel 844 form a water wheel driving channel together. A necking part which is beneficial to increasing the flow speed of liquid is formed at the joint of the water inlet channel and the water wheel mounting cavity; the side of the water wheel seat is respectively connected with a liquid inlet joint b845 communicated with the water inlet channel and a liquid outlet joint b846 communicated with the water outlet channel.
The cooling pump comprises a first pump shell 92, a first water wheel 95 rotatably mounted in the first pump shell, a second pump shell 94 coaxially connected with the first pump shell, a second water wheel 97 rotatably mounted in the second pump shell, and a cooling pump motor 91 connected to one end of the first pump shell far away from the second pump shell and used for driving the first water wheel to rotate.
The first pump shell comprises an outlet pump chamber 82a for mounting the first water wheel and an inlet pump chamber 92b connected to one end of the outlet pump chamber far away from the motor of the cooling pump; the end part of the cooling pump motor, which is provided with the output shaft, is connected with a cover plate 911, and the cover plate is hermetically connected with a water outlet pump chamber; go out the water pump room and keep away from the shaping in the middle of the bottom surface of apron one end and have a water gap, it is connected with first water connectors 922 to go out water pump room lateral wall an organic whole, intake pump room lateral wall an organic whole is connected with first water connectors 921.
The first water outlet connector is connected with one end of the heat collecting pipeline through a pipeline, the other end of the heat collecting pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet connector a through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet connector a is connected with the first water inlet connector through a pipeline. The first pump shell, the first water wheel and the cooling pump motor form a heat dissipation pump part.
A partition plate 93 for separating the second pump shell from the water inlet pump chamber is hermetically connected between the second pump shell and the water inlet pump chamber; the terminal surface an organic whole that the baffle was kept away from to the second pump case is connected with second water supply connector 941, second pump case lateral wall an organic whole is connected with second water connectors 942.
The second water outlet joint is connected with the liquid inlet joint b through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet joint b is connected with the second water inlet joint through a pipeline. And the second pump shell, the second water wheel, the transmission rod and the memory alloy spring form a water wheel driving pump part. It should be noted that the heat dissipation pump portion and the water wheel driving pump portion are only for convenience of describing the functions of the cooling assembly, and in fact, the memory alloy spring is matched with the transmission rod to play a role in transmission, and the final power source is still the cooling pump motor.
The middle of the second water inlet joint is connected with a rotating rod 943 which is rotatably connected with one end of a second water wheel through a bracket; a rotating hole which is in rotating fit connection with the rotating rod is formed at one end of the second water wheel, a centering sleeve ring 971 is formed at the other end of the second water wheel, and a positioning convex ring 931 which is in rotating insertion connection with the centering sleeve ring is formed on the end face, facing the second water wheel, of the partition plate; a straight or cross-shaped transmission jack is formed in the middle of the centering lantern ring on the second water wheel.
First water wheels one end and the output shaft fixed connection of cooling pump motor, the other end an organic whole of first water wheels is connected with a pipy transmission cover 951, the inner wall of transmission cover is the polygon, just the lateral wall of transmission cover has more than one side opening 9511 along the shaping of transmission cover length direction.
A transmission rod 96 in the shape of a polygonal cylinder is slidably arranged in the transmission sleeve, and a memory alloy spring 98 is connected between the transmission rod and the bottom end of the transmission sleeve; and a transmission insertion sheet 961 which is matched and spliced with a transmission insertion hole on the second water wheel is formed at one end of the transmission rod, which is far away from the memory alloy spring. The middle part of the transmission rod is vertically connected with a spring positioning rod 960, and a stainless steel spring 98a is arranged outside the transmission sleeve and between the spring positioning rod and the partition plate.
The memory alloy spring extends when the temperature rises to a set value (such as 45 ℃), so that the transmission insertion piece is inserted into the transmission insertion hole, and the second water wheel and the first water wheel rotate synchronously; when the temperature is lower than the set value, the memory alloy spring contracts under the action of the elastic force of the stainless steel spring, so that the transmission insertion piece is separated from the transmission insertion hole, and the second water wheel does not rotate.
The working principle of the cooling assembly is that when the temperature in the battery assembly is low, the memory alloy spring does not reach the phase-change temperature, the elastic force of the stainless steel spring is larger than the elastic force of the memory alloy spring (or the memory alloy spring does not have the elastic force), the transmission insertion piece of the transmission rod is separated from the transmission insertion hole of the second water wheel, namely, only the heat dissipation pump part of the cooling pump is in a working state, the cooling liquid flows to the radiator after absorbing heat in the heat collection pipeline, is pumped into the heat dissipation pump part after the radiator is passively cooled, and then flows back to the heat collection pipeline again so as to circulate.
When the temperature in the battery component rises to exceed a set value, the memory alloy spring reaches the phase change temperature and extends, and the elasticity of the memory alloy spring at the moment is larger than that of the stainless steel spring, so that the driving transmission rod is driven to move towards the second water wheel, the driving insertion piece is inserted into the driving insertion hole, and at the moment, the second water wheel rotates along with the first water wheel simultaneously, namely, the water wheel driving pump part is in a working state. At the moment, the water wheel driving pump part and the water wheel driving channel form a closed loop, the second water wheel drives the cooling liquid to flow so as to drive the water wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the water wheel drives the centrifugal fan blades to rotate, so that the radiator is in an active radiating state, and the radiating speed of the radiator is accelerated.
In conclusion, the cooling assembly can realize two working modes of passive heat dissipation or active heat dissipation of the radiator only through one cooling pump, only one cooling pump motor needs to be driven, complex control circuits, sensors and the like are not needed, the system stability is high, and the maintenance-free time is long.
The transmission rod is arranged in the middle of the partition plate, the transmission rod is not required to be sealed with the partition plate, and transformer oil can be used as cooling liquid in the water wheel driving pump part and the heat dissipation pump part at the same time.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an electric bus of new forms of energy which characterized in that: the automobile battery pack mounting structure comprises an automobile main body, a battery pack mounting seat fixedly mounted at the rear end of the automobile main body and a battery pack movably mounted in the battery pack mounting seat;
the battery assembly comprises a rectangular frame body, a front wheel shaft arranged at the front end of the frame body, two rear wheel shafts arranged at the rear part of the frame body and two rotary lifting assemblies symmetrically arranged at two sides of the frame body;
the front wheel shaft is rotatably connected to the lower part of the frame body; the two ends of the front wheel shaft, which are positioned outside the frame body, are fixedly connected with a front wheel, a second gear and a limiting guide pillar from inside to outside respectively; the middle part of the front wheel shaft is positioned in the frame body and is fixedly connected with a third gear; a first gear in meshing transmission connection with the third gear and a first motor for driving the first gear are arranged in the frame body corresponding to the third gear;
the battery component mounting seat is formed with a rectangular mounting groove with an opening at the lower end; racks in meshed transmission connection with the second gear are fixedly connected to the two sides of the mounting groove corresponding to the second gear; the two sides in the mounting groove are fixedly connected with limiting guide grooves corresponding to the limiting guide pillars;
the two rear wheel shafts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame body; the rear wheel shaft comprises a hollow shaft body which is rotatably connected in the frame body; one end of the shaft body, which is positioned outside the frame body, is fixedly connected with a rear wheel; one end of the shaft body, which is positioned in the frame body, is fixedly connected with a fourth gear;
a hollow insulating sleeve is fixedly connected in the shaft body; a positioning rod is connected in the insulating sleeve in a sliding manner; the positioning rod comprises an insulating part with one end positioned in the frame and an electrode end facing outwards; the end part of the insulating part far away from the electrode end is fixedly connected with an electrode contact piece; the electrode contact piece is connected with the electrode end;
a rear wheel driving component is arranged on one side of the rear wheel shaft in the frame body; the rear wheel driving assembly comprises a fifth gear in meshed transmission connection with the fourth gear and a stepping motor for driving the fifth gear; a through hole is formed in the center of the fifth gear; a driving shaft is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the stepping motor; the driving shaft is inserted into a through hole of a fifth gear close to one end of the stepping motor; one end of the driving shaft, which is far away from the stepping motor, is fixedly connected with a driven shaft inserted in the other through hole; a clamping jaw is formed in the through hole; a first ratchet wheel and a second ratchet wheel which are in transmission connection with the clamping jaws are fixedly connected to the driving shaft and the driven shaft at positions corresponding to the clamping jaws respectively; the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are in the same direction;
an incomplete worm wheel horizontally rotates on the axis of the positioning rod in the frame body; a connecting rod is respectively and rotatably connected between the incomplete worm wheel and the two positioning rods; a hollow sleeve rod is sleeved on the driving shaft; the sleeve rod is fixedly connected with a first worm which is in meshing transmission connection with the incomplete worm wheel; the inner wall of the sleeve rod is formed with a latch; a sixth gear in transmission connection with the latch is fixedly connected to the driving shaft at a position corresponding to the latch;
a storage battery is arranged in the frame body; the inner bottom surface of the frame body is fixedly connected with an output electrode of the storage battery; positioning electrode holes for inserting the positioning rods are arranged on the two sides of the mounting groove corresponding to the positioning rods;
fixed gears are fixedly connected to two sides of the frame body respectively; the two fixed gears are mutually symmetrical and are positioned at the front part of the outer side of the frame body;
the rotary lifting assembly comprises rectangular rotating plates which are rotatably connected to two sides of the frame body; the rotating plate takes the axis of the fixed gear as a rotating center, and the fixed gear is positioned on the outer side of the rotating plate; the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a second motor; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a driving rod; a second worm is formed at the position, close to the second motor, of the driving rod; a worm wheel in transmission connection with the second worm is mounted on the rotating plate; the rotating plate is also provided with a moving gear which is coaxial with the worm gear; the moving gear is in meshed transmission connection with the fixed gear; the moving gear is fixedly connected with the worm gear;
a second screw rod is formed at one end, far away from the second motor, of the driving rod; the second screw rod is in threaded connection with a support sleeve; a support sleeve guide block is formed on one side of the support sleeve facing the rotating plate; a support sleeve guide groove which is connected with the support sleeve guide block in a sliding manner is formed on the rotating plate corresponding to the support sleeve guide block;
a controller is arranged in the frame body; the first motor, the second motor and the stepping motor are electrically connected with a controller.
2. The new energy electric bus of claim 1, wherein: a clamping strip is formed at the end part of the driven shaft connected with the driving shaft; and a bayonet for inserting the clamping strip is formed at the end part of the driving shaft.
3. The new energy electric bus of claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft of the worm wheel is positioned in the centers of the two rear wheels; the two connecting rods are equal in length and are centrosymmetric relative to the axis of the worm wheel.
4. The new energy electric bus of claim 1, wherein: the front wheel, the second gear and the limiting guide pillar are coaxially arranged, and the outer diameters of the front wheel, the second gear and the limiting guide pillar are sequentially reduced; the distance between the end parts of the two limiting guide columns is larger than the maximum width of the frame body.
5. The new energy electric bus of claim 1, wherein: the limiting guide groove is parallel to the rack; the upper end and the lower end of the rack are both longer than the guide groove.
6. The new energy electric bus of claim 1, wherein: the included angle of the acute angle formed between the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the battery pack mounting seat and the ground is 60-80 degrees.
CN201810454203.6A 2018-05-14 2018-05-14 New forms of energy electric bus Active CN108638884B (en)

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