CN108672691B - Tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and quantitative supplementing method thereof - Google Patents

Tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and quantitative supplementing method thereof Download PDF

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CN108672691B
CN108672691B CN201810798151.4A CN201810798151A CN108672691B CN 108672691 B CN108672691 B CN 108672691B CN 201810798151 A CN201810798151 A CN 201810798151A CN 108672691 B CN108672691 B CN 108672691B
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tundish
weighing
flow rate
bracket
casting
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CN108672691A (en
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苑森康
李国平
郑杰
付文博
李登蓬
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Yantai Tongtai Metallugical Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
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University of Jinan
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/06Equipment for tilting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D37/00Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and a quantitative supplementing method thereof, which solve the problems that the amount of molten liquid in a casting ladle is unstable, the weight of the casting ladle cannot be detected in real time, and the limitation exists in the supplementing control of the molten liquid in the prior art; the technical proposal is as follows: the automatic resetting device is characterized by comprising a tundish, a weighing bracket and a weighing device, wherein the tundish is positioned at the upper part of the weighing bracket and is rotationally connected with the weighing bracket; one end of the tundish is connected with the driving device, the other end of the tundish is connected with the supporting frame body through a weighing device perpendicular to the driving device, and the weighing device detects the weight of liquid in the tundish in real time.

Description

Tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and quantitative supplementing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anode plate casting equipment, in particular to a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and a quantitative supplementing method thereof.
Background
In the production and manufacture of partially nonferrous metals, casting equipment casts molten metal into anode plates of consistent weight and specification. The main flow is that the molten liquid in the molten state flows out from an outlet of the refining furnace, is injected into a tundish through a drainage groove in the middle, the tundish is used as a temporary molten liquid storage device of a casting system, when the molten liquid in the tundish reaches a certain value, the tundish is started to pour, the molten liquid flows into the casting ladle, a weighing device is arranged below the casting ladle, the weight of the molten liquid in the casting ladle is calculated, when the value reaches a system set value, the tundish stops pouring and returns to an initial position, and the weighing device stores the weight of the molten copper in the casting ladle.
In the smelting process, the more stable the molten liquid amount in the casting ladle is for casting, the easier the casting ladle is to control, and the better the physical specification of the cast anode plate is.
At present, the driving mode of the tundish in use is hydraulic driving or common motor driving, and only the tundish is controlled to tilt to supplement the molten liquid, the difference between the supplementing quantity is large each time, and the molten liquid is supplemented to splash, so that the waste is serious, the cleaning workload is aggravated, and the liquid is flushed out due to too fast supplement to influence weighing. And adopt motor drive, when the system loses the power, the motor does not have the power-down reset function, leads to the middle package to keep current state, when for empting the state, can supply for the pouring ladle liquid always, leads to liquid outflow, probably can cause loss of property and casualties.
How to design the pouring basket driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting, the pouring basket driving and weighing structure is reasonable in structure, can weigh and has the power-down self-resetting function, the pouring basket pouring angle and the angular acceleration can be automatically controlled in real time according to the actual liquid level condition of copper water in the pouring basket, the occurrence of production accidents caused by the fact that the pouring basket is poured over hard to enable liquid to be poured out of the pouring basket is avoided, safe production is guaranteed, the control intensity of workers can be reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and a quantitative supplementing method thereof, which have the effects of capability of detecting the weight of a tundish in real time, performing angle control in real time, adjustable supplementing speed, high supplementing weight precision and self-resetting function when the tundish is powered down.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting comprises a tundish, a weighing bracket and a weighing device, wherein the tundish is positioned at the upper part of the weighing bracket and is rotationally connected with the weighing bracket, and a self-resetting device for keeping the balance of the tundish when power is lost is arranged between the tundish and the weighing bracket; one end of the tundish is connected with the driving device, the other end of the tundish is connected with the supporting frame body through a weighing device perpendicular to the driving device, and the weighing device detects the weight of liquid in the tundish in real time.
Further, the self-resetting device comprises a middle bearing support arranged on one side of the tundish and a guide rod penetrating through the middle bearing support, and a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod.
Further, the bottom end of the guide rod is fixed with the weighing bracket, the upper side and the lower side of the middle bearing support are respectively provided with a first spring and a second spring, and the top of the first spring is provided with a blocking mechanism.
Further, the blocking mechanism comprises a blocking piece connected with the first spring and a plurality of blocking rods arranged on the side face of the top end of the guide rod.
Further, the weighing device comprises a weighing sensor and a connector thereof, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the weighing sensor are respectively connected with the hook through the connector.
Further, one end of the weighing bracket is provided with two mutually parallel shafts, and the shafts are arranged at the upper part of the supporting bracket body through bearing seats; the other end of the weighing bracket is connected with a weighing device.
Further, the driving device comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer thereof, and the speed reducer is connected with a rotating shaft at one end of the tundish; the servo motor is connected with the control system.
The quantitative supplementary control method of the tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting includes the early stage and the later stage,
the early stage adopts angle control, after the rotation angle of the tundish is calculated in advance, the control system controls the servo motor to enable the tundish to reach the outflow critical point of the molten liquid; after reaching the critical point of the melt flow out, entering the later stage;
and in the later stage, the flow rate feedback control is adopted, the flow rate of the molten liquid is calculated through a tundish weight signal measured by a weighing sensor, and the tundish angle is controlled to rotate according to the flow rate of the molten liquid, so that the molten liquid in the tundish is supplemented according to the set flow rate.
Further, the tundish early rotation angle φ is expressed as:
Figure SMS_1
wherein r represents the radius of the tundish, H represents the height of the molten metal in the tundish, and a represents the transverse distance from the molten metal outlet to the semicircle of the tundish.
Further, the flow rate during the supplementing is calculated by a least square method; and comparing the calculated flow rate with the set flow rate, and taking the difference value of the calculated flow rate and the set flow rate as an input value of an adjusting signal to perform real-time adjustment control on the tundish inclination angle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts the S-shaped weighing sensor as the weighing device, can detect the quantity of liquid in the tundish in real time, and can adjust the tilting angle of the tilting converter in real time according to the weighing weight, and can adjust the tilting angle of the tundish during the replenishment, so that the splashing of the liquid is reduced on the premise that the liquid in the casting ladle is replenished quickly and accurately;
(2) The invention adopts the servo motor as a power element, so that the angle control of the tundish forms closed-loop control, the response speed is high, the control is accurate, the side surface of the tundish is provided with the self-resetting device, and when the system is in power failure, the tundish can return to the middle balance position;
(3) According to the invention, a two-section casting control method is designed in one-time molten metal replenishment, so that the requirement of quick replenishment is met, the requirement of accurate quantitative replenishment is met, and the limitation that only angle control is adopted at present is changed; by increasing the later flow rate control, the stability of the molten liquid in the casting ladle before each casting is effectively realized, the system variation range is reduced, and the quality of the physical specification of the produced anode plate is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a load cell of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the self-resetting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the early stage angle calculation of the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-servo motor, a 2-speed reducer, a 3-first bearing, a 4-tundish, a 5-second bearing, a 6-weighing bracket, a 7-supporting frame body, an 8-bearing bracket, a 9-weighing device, a 10-self-resetting device, a 11-spherical bearing, a 12-hook, a 13-connector, a 14-weighing sensor, a 15-spring, a 16-intermediate bearing support, a 17-guide rod, a 18-baffle and a 19-baffle.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As described in the background art, the prior art has the defects that the amount of the molten liquid in the casting ladle is unstable, the weight of the casting ladle cannot be detected in real time, and the limitation exists in the molten liquid supplementing control.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1-6, there is provided a tundish driving and weighing structure for casting an anode plate, including a tundish 4, a weighing bracket 6, a bearing bracket 8, a weighing device 9, a self-resetting device 10 and a supporting frame 7, wherein the supporting frame 7 includes a base and a vertical support on one side thereof.
The tundish 4 is a copper liquid temporary storage device, and two copper outlets are formed in two ends of the tundish 4 so as to meet the requirement of a double casting mechanism, and melt supplementing is carried out on the two casting bags respectively.
The bottom of the tundish 4 is provided with a bearing bracket 8, and the bearing bracket 8 provides support for the tundish; the both ends of middle package 4 are connected the pivot respectively, and middle package 4 links to each other with bearing bracket 8 through the pivot.
The tundish 4 is powered by a driving device comprising a motor and a speed reducer 2.
Wherein, the motor adopts a servo motor 1; as the servo motor 1 is used as a power element, the angle control of the tundish 4 forms closed-loop control, the response speed is high, and the control is accurate.
The servo motor 1 is connected with a rotating shaft at one end of the tundish 4 through a speed reducer 2, and the servo motor 1 provides a power source for the rotation of the tundish 4 and is used for controlling the rotation angle of the tundish 4; the servo motor 1 is connected with a control system.
Preferably, the control system employs a PLC.
The first bearing 3 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft connected with one end of the servo motor 1 by the tundish 4, and the second bearing 5 is sleeved outside the other rotating shaft (the first and second parts are only convenient for description and do not distinguish bearing types).
The first bearing 3 and the second bearing 5 are respectively arranged inside bearing seats, and the bearing seats are connected with a weighing bracket 6.
The weighing bracket 6 is positioned at the lower part of the bearing bracket 8 to form a floating bracket; the weighing bracket 6 and the driving device are provided with two mutually parallel shafts on the same side, and the shafts are connected with the base of the supporting frame body 7 through a spherical bearing 10 arranged in the bearing seat.
The bearing seat is positioned at one end of the upper part of the base; the two ball bearings 10 act together, so that the weighing bracket 6 can only move in the vertical direction by taking the ball bearings 10 as fulcrums.
The tundish 4 is far away from the one end of support frame body 7 vertical support and installs from resetting means 10, from resetting means includes spring 15, middle bearing support 16, guide bar 17 and separation blade 18, guide bar 17 bottom and weighing bracket 6 fixed connection, the top side of guide bar 17 sets up a plurality of pin 19.
Preferably, a stop lever 19 is provided on each side of the top end of the guide bar 17.
The intermediate load support 16 is fixed to the tundish 4, and the guide bar 17 passes through the intermediate load support 16 with a gap therebetween so that the guide bar 17 can move freely along the intermediate load support 16.
The middle bearing support 16 is a fixing piece, and can only play a role in guiding and limiting the guide rod 19.
The outside cover of the guide rod 17 section that is located the middle bearing support 16 upper portion is equipped with first spring, and the separation blade 18 is connected on the top of first spring, plays spacing effect to first spring through pin 19 and separation blade 18, and the bottom of first spring is fixed with middle bearing support 16 upper portion.
The outer side of the section of the guide rod 17 between the middle bearing support 16 and the weighing bracket 6 is sleeved with a second spring, the top end of the second spring is fixed with the lower part of the middle bearing support 16, and the bottom end of the second spring is fixed with the weighing bracket 6.
By arranging the first spring and the second spring at the upper section and the lower section of the guide rod 17, the tundish 4 can be automatically reset when inclining leftwards and rightwards.
The other side of the weighing bracket 6 is hung on one side of the vertical support of the support frame body 7 through a weighing device 9, and the weight is calculated through moment balance.
The weighing device 9 is a source of weight signals of the entire tundish 4, comprising a load cell 13, two connectors 12 and two hooks 11, the weighing device 9 being suspended in the vertical direction,
one end of the weighing sensor 13 is hung on a hanging ring at the lower side of the top of the vertical support through a connector 12 and a hook 11; the other end is hung on a lantern ring connected with the weighing bracket 7 through a connector 12 and a hook 11.
Preferably, the load cell 13 is an S-type load cell.
According to the liquid pouring device, the quantity of liquid in the tundish 4 can be detected in real time through the weighing sensor 14, the tilting angle of the tilting converter can be adjusted according to the weighing weight in real time, and the tilting angle of the tundish 4 during replenishment can be adjusted, so that liquid in the pouring ladle is reduced to splash on the premise of being rapid and accurate in replenishment.
The method for controlling the replenishment of the molten metal in the anode plate casting ladle comprises two stages, namely a pre-stage and a post-stage, wherein the pre-stage rapidly moves the tundish to the calculated critical point angle, and the post-stage controls the movement of the tundish through flow velocity feedback.
The early stage adopts angle control, mainly realizes that the tundish 4 reaches the critical point of melt outflow fast, reduces the replenishment time.
As shown in fig. 6, the internal volume of the tundish 4 is a semi-cylinder, the weight of the tundish 4 before replenishment is collected is Q, the width of the liquid in the tundish is L, the density of the liquid is ρ, the height of the molten liquid in the tundish 4 and the weight of the molten liquid in the tundish 4 have a functional relationship, and the height H of the molten liquid in the tundish 4 is solved by the following formula:
Figure SMS_2
Figure SMS_3
(1)
Figure SMS_4
knowing the melt height in the tundish 4, the tundish 4 early rotation angle φ is solved by:
Figure SMS_5
(2)
where r denotes the radius of the tundish 4 and a denotes the lateral distance from the melt outlet to the tundish semicircle.
After the required rotation angle in the early stage is calculated, in the supplementing early stage, the PLC controls the servo motor 1 to enable the tundish 4 to quickly reach the critical point of melt outflow.
When the critical point is reached, the molten liquid starts to flow out, and the system is switched to a supplementary rate feedback control stage, namely a later stage.
The later stage adopts the feedback control of the flow rate of the supplement, mainly realizes accurate quantitative supplement, reduces splashing and prevents the supplement from being out of control; the flow rate is calculated through the weight signal of the tundish 4, and the angular rotation of the tundish 4 is controlled to accurately follow and supplement according to the set supplementing flow rate.
The PLC calculates the amount of the molten metal which flows out according to the sampling value of the weight of the tundish 4, and generates a speed control signal so that the casting speed follows a given track.
The flow rate calculation during the replenishment is mainly calculated by a least square method.
Firstly, according to the weight value acquired by the weighing sensor 9 for the tundish 4, ten discrete weight information points are continuously acquired every 10ms, and the flow velocity at the moment is calculated by using a least square method.
To collect at a certain moment
Figure SMS_6
The rate of replenishment of this point is indicated by the time +.>
Figure SMS_7
The weight value of (a) is the starting point (including +.>
Figure SMS_8
Weight value at time) to start to continuously acquire weight values at 10 time points thereafter, using the value calculated by the least square method as +.>
Figure SMS_9
Is used to determine the current flow rate value of (1).
Then, the calculated flow rate is compared with the set flow rate, the difference value of the calculated flow rate and the set flow rate is used as an input value of an adjusting signal, and the tilt angle of the tundish 4 is adjusted and controlled in real time through the established supplementary control algorithm, so that the outflow flow rate of the molten liquid approaches to the set flow rate, and the overflow of the tundish 4 is prevented from causing the out-of-control of the supplementary flow rate of the molten liquid.
In the process of replenishing the molten metal in the tundish 4, accurate detection of the weight of the ladle receiving point, namely judgment of the weight of the residual molten metal, is an important factor affecting the replenishing accuracy of the molten metal weight.
Due to the influence of factors such as gravity center change and inertia of the machine, the size of the weight of the early-stage package is required to be judged on the basis of the set weight, and the early-stage package receiving amount is calculated by the following formula under the influence of flow speed and mechanical parameters:
Figure SMS_10
(3)
wherein Q is 1 Representing the quantity of the received packets in advance; k (K) 2 Representing the adjustment coefficient; s represents a flow velocity calculation value; b denotes the machine parameters.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. The tundish driving and weighing structure for casting the anode plate is characterized by comprising a tundish, a weighing bracket and a weighing device, wherein the tundish is positioned at the upper part of the weighing bracket and is rotationally connected with the weighing bracket, and a self-resetting device for keeping the balance of the tundish when power is lost is arranged between the tundish and the weighing bracket; one end of the tundish is connected with the driving device, the other end of the tundish is connected with the support frame body through a weighing device perpendicular to the driving device, and the weighing device detects the weight of liquid in the tundish in real time;
the self-resetting device comprises a middle bearing support arranged at one side of the tundish and a guide rod penetrating through the middle bearing support, and a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod;
the bottom end of the guide rod is fixed with the weighing bracket, the upper side and the lower side of the middle bearing support are respectively provided with a first spring and a second spring, and the top of the first spring is provided with a blocking mechanism; the blocking mechanism comprises a blocking piece connected with the first spring and a plurality of blocking rods arranged on the side surface of the top end of the guide rod;
the weighing device comprises a weighing sensor and a connector thereof, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the weighing sensor are respectively connected with the hook through the connector.
2. The tundish driving and weighing structure for casting anode plates according to claim 1, wherein one end of the weighing bracket is provided with two mutually parallel shafts, and the shafts are mounted on the upper part of the supporting bracket body through bearing seats; the other end of the weighing bracket is connected with a weighing device.
3. The tundish driving and weighing structure for casting anode plates according to claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer thereof, and the speed reducer is connected with a rotating shaft at one end of the tundish; the servo motor is connected with the control system.
4. A method for quantitatively supplementing a tundish drive and weigh structure for casting anode plates according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized by being divided into a pre-stage and a post-stage, wherein,
the early stage adopts angle control, after the rotation angle of the tundish is calculated in advance, the control system controls the servo motor to enable the tundish to reach the outflow critical point of the molten liquid; after reaching the critical point of the melt flow out, entering the later stage;
and in the later stage, the flow rate feedback control is adopted, the flow rate of the molten liquid is calculated through a tundish weight signal measured by a weighing sensor, and the tundish angle is controlled to rotate according to the flow rate of the molten liquid, so that the molten liquid in the tundish is supplemented according to the set flow rate.
5. The method for quantitatively supplementing control of a tundish driving and weighing structure for casting of anode plates according to claim 4, wherein the tundish early rotation angle Φ is expressed as:
Figure QLYQS_1
wherein r represents the radius of the tundish, H represents the height of the molten metal in the tundish, and a represents the transverse distance from the molten metal outlet to the semicircle of the tundish.
6. The quantitative replenishment control method of a tundish drive and weighing structure for anode plate casting according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate at replenishment is calculated by a least square method; and comparing the calculated flow rate with the set flow rate, and taking the difference value of the calculated flow rate and the set flow rate as an input value of an adjusting signal to perform real-time adjustment control on the tundish inclination angle.
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JPH0857629A (en) * 1994-08-25 1996-03-05 Hitachi Metals Ltd Method and device for controlling automatic pouring of molten metal
JPH1058120A (en) * 1996-06-14 1998-03-03 Hitachi Metals Ltd Method for automatically pouring molten metal and casting system
CN201372659Y (en) * 2009-02-19 2009-12-30 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 Self-resetting device and rail train electric double-open sliding door adopting same
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