CN108672691B - Tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and quantitative supplementing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and a quantitative supplementing method thereof, which solve the problems that the amount of molten liquid in a casting ladle is unstable, the weight of the casting ladle cannot be detected in real time, and the limitation exists in the supplementing control of the molten liquid in the prior art; the technical proposal is as follows: the automatic resetting device is characterized by comprising a tundish, a weighing bracket and a weighing device, wherein the tundish is positioned at the upper part of the weighing bracket and is rotationally connected with the weighing bracket; one end of the tundish is connected with the driving device, the other end of the tundish is connected with the supporting frame body through a weighing device perpendicular to the driving device, and the weighing device detects the weight of liquid in the tundish in real time.

Description

Tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and quantitative supplement method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of anode plate casting equipment, in particular to a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and a quantitative supplement method thereof.

Background technique

In the production process of some non-ferrous metals, casting equipment casts molten metal into anode plates with consistent weight and specifications. The main process is that the melt in the molten state flows out from the outlet of the refining furnace, and is injected into the tundish through the drainage groove in the middle. The tundish is used as a temporary storage device for the melt in the casting system. Start dumping, the melt flows into the casting ladle, and a weighing device is installed under the casting ladle to calculate the weight of the melt in the casting ladle and when the value reaches the system setting value, the tundish stops dumping and returns to the initial position, and weighs The device saves the weight of copper water in the casting ladle.

In the smelting process, for casting, the more stable the amount of molten liquid in the casting ladle is, the easier it is for the casting ladle to control, and the better the physical specifications of the cast anode plate.

At present, the driving mode used by the tundish is hydraulic drive or ordinary motor drive, which only controls the tilting of the tundish to replenish the melt. It is serious, and it will increase the workload of cleaning, and the liquid will be flushed out due to too fast replenishment, which will affect the weighing. Moreover, it is driven by a motor. When the system is powered off, the motor does not have a power-off reset function, causing the tundish to maintain its current state. When it is in the dumping state, it will always replenish the liquid in the casting ladle, causing the liquid to flow out, which may cause property damage. and casualties.

How to design the driving and weighing structure of the tundish for anode plate casting, so that the structure of the tundish is reasonable and can be weighed, and it has the function of self-resetting after power failure, and can automatically control the tundish in real time according to the actual liquid level of copper water in the tundish The angle and angular acceleration of the dumping, avoiding the tundish tilting too violently and causing the liquid to rush out of the casting ladle to cause production accidents, ensuring safe production, reducing the intensity of workers' manipulation, and improving production efficiency are problems that need to be solved urgently.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and its quantitative replenishment method, which has the functions of real-time detection of tundish weight, real-time angle control, adjustable replenishment speed, The supplementary weight has high precision and the tundish has the effect of power-down self-resetting function.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting includes a tundish, a weighing frame and a weighing device. The tundish is located on the upper part of the weighing frame and is rotatably connected to it. A self-resetting device that keeps the tundish balanced when power is off; one end of the tundish is connected to the drive device, and the other end of the tundish is connected to the support frame through a weighing device perpendicular to it, and the weighing device detects the weight of the liquid in the tundish in real time.

Further, the self-resetting device includes an intermediate bearing support installed on one side of the tundish and a guide rod passing through the intermediate bearing support, and a spring is sheathed on the outer side of the guide rod.

Further, the bottom end of the guide rod is fixed to the weighing bracket, the upper and lower sides of the middle bearing support are respectively provided with a first spring and a second spring, and the top of the first spring is provided with a blocking mechanism.

Further, the blocking mechanism includes a blocking plate connected to the first spring and several blocking rods installed on the top side of the guide rod.

Further, the weighing device includes a load cell and its connector, and the top end and the bottom end of the load cell are respectively connected to the hook through the connector.

Further, one end of the weighing bracket is provided with two mutually parallel shafts, and the shafts are installed on the upper part of the supporting frame body through a bearing seat; the other end of the weighing bracket is connected with a weighing device.

Further, the drive device includes a servo motor and its reducer, the reducer is connected to the rotating shaft at one end of the tundish; the servo motor is connected to the control system.

Quantitative supplementary control method for tundish drive and weighing structure for anode plate casting, divided into early stage and late stage, in which,

Angle control is adopted in the early stage. After pre-calculating the rotation angle of the tundish, the servo motor is controlled by the control system to make the tundish reach the critical point of melt outflow; after reaching the critical point of melt outflow, enter the later stage;

In the later stage, the supplementary flow rate feedback control is adopted, the melt flow rate is calculated by the tundish weight signal measured by the load cell, and the angle rotation of the tundish is controlled according to the melt flow rate, so that the melt in the tundish is replenished according to the set supplementary flow rate.

Further, the early rotation angle φ of the tundish is expressed as:

Among them, r represents the radius of the tundish, H represents the height of the melt in the tundish, and a represents the lateral distance between the outlet of the melt and the semicircle of the tundish.

Further, the flow rate during replenishment is calculated by the least square method; the calculated flow rate is compared with the set flow rate, and the difference between the two is used as the input value of the adjustment signal to adjust and control the tilting angle of the tundish in real time.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) The present invention uses an S-type load cell as a weighing device, which can detect the amount of liquid in the tundish in real time, and adjust it in real time according to the weighing weight. It can not only adjust the tilting angle of the tilting furnace, but also adjust the replenishment The tilting angle of the tundish reduces liquid splashing on the premise of fast and accurate liquid replenishment in the casting ladle;

(2) The present invention uses a servo motor as a power element to make the tundish angle control form a closed-loop control with fast response and accurate control. A self-resetting device is installed on the side of the tundish, which can make the tundish return to the middle balance when the system is powered off Location;

(3) The present invention designs a two-stage casting control method in one molten metal replenishment, which not only meets the requirements of rapid replenishment, but also meets the requirements of accurate quantitative replenishment, and changes the current limitation of only using angle control; by adding The flow rate control in the later stage effectively realizes the stability of the molten liquid in the casting ladle before each casting, reduces the range of system variation, and improves the quality of the physical specifications of the anode plate produced.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

Fig. 1 is axonometric view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of load cell of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-resetting device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the angle calculation in the early stage of the present invention;

Among them, 1-servo motor, 2-reducer, 3-first bearing, 4-tundish, 5-second bearing, 6-weighing bracket, 7-support frame body, 8-loading bracket, 9-weighing Device, 10-self-resetting device, 11-ball bearing, 12-hook, 13-connector, 14-load cell, 15-spring, 16-intermediate bearing support, 17-guide rod, 18-block, 19 - Stop lever.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

As introduced in the background technology, in the prior art, there are deficiencies in the unstable amount of molten liquid in the ladle, the inability to detect the weight of the ladle in real time, and limitations in the control of molten liquid replenishment. In order to solve the above technical problems, this application proposes a A tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting and a quantitative supplement method thereof.

In a typical implementation of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-6, a tundish driving and weighing structure for anode plate casting is provided, including a tundish 4, a weighing bracket 6, a bearing bracket 8, A weighing device 9, a self-resetting device 10 and a support frame body 7, the support frame body 7 includes a base and a vertical support on one side thereof.

The tundish 4 is a temporary storage device for molten copper. In order to meet the dual casting mechanism, two copper outlets are arranged at both ends of the tundish 4 to supplement the two casting ladles with molten liquid.

The bottom of the tundish 4 is equipped with a bearing bracket 8, and the bearing bracket 8 provides support for the tundish;

The tundish 4 is powered by a driving device, and the driving device includes a motor and a reducer 2 .

Among them, the motor adopts the servo motor 1; since the servo motor 1 is used as a power element, the angle control of the tundish 4 forms a closed-loop control, with fast response and accurate control.

The servo motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft at one end of the tundish 4 through the reducer 2, and the servo motor 1 provides a power source for the rotation of the tundish 4 to control the rotation angle of the tundish 4; the servo motor 1 is connected to the control system.

Preferably, the control system adopts PLC.

The first bearing 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft connected to the servo motor 1 at one end of the tundish 4, and the second bearing 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the other rotating shaft (here, the first and second bearings are for convenience of description, and the bearing types are not distinguished).

The first bearing 3 and the second bearing 5 are installed inside the bearing housing respectively, and the bearing housing is connected with the weighing bracket 6 .

The weighing bracket 6 is located at the lower part of the bearing bracket 8, forming a floating bracket; the same side of the weighing bracket 6 and the driving device are provided with two shafts parallel to each other, and the shafts pass through the ball bearings installed inside the bearing housing. 10 links to each other with the base of support frame body 7.

The bearing seat is located at one end of the upper part of the base; two ball bearings 10 work together to make the weighing bracket 6 move vertically with the ball bearing 10 as a fulcrum.

The end of the tundish 4 that is away from the vertical support of the support frame body 7 is installed with a self-resetting device 10, and the self-resetting device includes a spring 15, an intermediate bearing support 16, a guide rod 17 and a catch 18, and the bottom end of the guide rod 17 is It is fixedly connected with the weighing bracket 6, and a plurality of stop rods 19 are arranged on the top side of the guide rod 17.

Preferably, a blocking rod 19 is respectively provided on both sides of the top end of the guide rod 17 .

The intermediate bearing support 16 is fixed to the tundish 4 , and the guide rod 17 passes through the intermediate bearing support 16 with a gap between the two, so that the guide rod 17 can move freely along the intermediate bearing support 16 .

The intermediate bearing support 16 is a fixed piece, as long as it can play a role of guiding and limiting the guiding rod 19 .

The first spring is sheathed on the outer side of the guide rod 17 sections on the top of the middle bearing support 16, and the top of the first spring is connected to the catch 18, and the first spring is limited by the stop rod 19 and the catch 18. The first spring The bottom end and the middle bearing support 16 tops are fixed.

The guide rod 17 sections outside between the middle bearing support 16 and the weighing bracket 6 are sheathed with a second spring, the top of the second spring is fixed to the lower part of the middle bearing support 16 , and the bottom end of the second spring is fixed to the weighing bracket 6 .

By arranging the first spring and the second spring on the upper and lower sections of the guide rod 17, the tundish 4 can be automatically reset when it tilts left or right.

The other side of the weighing bracket 6 is suspended from the vertical support side of the supporting frame body 7 through the weighing device 9, and the weight is calculated by moment balance.

Weighing device 9 is the weight signal source of whole tundish 4, and it comprises a load cell 13, two connectors 12 and two hooks 11, and weighing device 9 hangs along vertical direction,

One end of the load cell 13 is suspended on the ring on the lower side of the vertical support top through the connector 12 and the hook 11;

Preferably, the load cell 13 is an S-type load cell.

The application can detect the amount of liquid in the tundish 4 in real time through the weighing sensor 14, and adjust in real time according to the weighing weight, not only the tilting angle of the tilting furnace can be adjusted, but also the tilting angle of the tundish 4 during replenishment can be adjusted, so that On the premise of fast and accurate liquid replenishment in the casting ladle, liquid splashing is reduced.

The replenishment control method for the melt in the anode plate casting ladle is divided into two stages, namely the early stage and the late stage. In the early stage, the tundish is quickly moved to the calculated critical point angle, and in the late stage, the movement of the tundish is controlled by flow rate feedback.

Angle control is adopted in the early stage, mainly to realize that the tundish 4 can quickly reach the critical point of melt outflow and reduce the replenishment time.

As shown in Figure 6, the internal volume of the tundish 4 is a semi-cylindrical, the weight before the collection of the tundish 4 is Q, the width of the liquid in the tundish is L, the density of the liquid is ρ, the height of the melt in the tundish 4 and the middle The weight of the melt in the tundish 4 has a functional relationship, and the height H of the melt in the tundish 4 is solved by the following formula:

（1）

(1)

When the height of the melt in the tundish 4 is known, the early rotation angle φ of the tundish 4 is solved by the following formula:

（2）

(2)

Among them, r represents the radius of the tundish 4, and a represents the lateral distance between the melt outlet and the semicircle of the tundish.

After calculating the required rotation angle in the early stage, PLC controls the servo motor 1 to make the tundish 4 quickly reach the critical point of melt outflow in the early replenishment stage.

When the critical point is reached and the melt begins to flow out, the system switches to the supplementary rate feedback control stage, that is, the later stage.

The supplementary flow rate feedback control is adopted in the later stage, mainly to achieve accurate and quantitative supplementation, reduce splashing, and prevent supplementation from being out of control; the flow rate is calculated through the weight signal of the tundish 4, and the angular rotation of the tundish 4 is controlled to make it accurately follow the set supplementary flow rate Replenish.

According to the sampling value of the weight of the tundish 4, the PLC calculates the amount of melt that has flowed out, and generates a speed control signal to make the casting speed follow a given track.

The calculation of the flow rate during replenishment is mainly calculated by the least square method.

First, the weight value of the tundish 4 is collected by the load cell 9 every 10 ms, ten discrete weight information points are continuously collected, and the flow velocity at that moment is calculated by the least square method.

该点的补充速度，以时刻/>

的重量值为起点（包括/>

时刻的重量值）开始连续采集其后的10个时刻点的重量值，运用最小二乘法计算出的值作为该时刻/>

的当前流速值。to collect a moment

Replenishment rate at the point, in moments />

The weight value of the starting point (including />

The weight value of the moment) starts to continuously collect the weight value of the next 10 time points, and the value calculated by the least square method is used as the moment />

the current velocity value of .

Then, the calculated flow rate is compared with the set flow rate, and the difference between the two is used as the input value of the adjustment signal, and the inclination angle of the tundish 4 is adjusted and controlled in real time through the established supplementary control algorithm, so that the melt The flow rate of the outflow is close to the set flow rate, so as to prevent the tundish 4 from being too large in inclination angle, resulting in loss of control of the supplementary flow of the melt.

During the replenishment process of the melt in the tundish 4, the accurate detection of the weight of the receiving point, that is, the judgment of the weight of the remaining melt, is an important factor affecting the accuracy of the replenishment of the melt weight.

Due to the change of the center of gravity of the machine itself and the influence of inertia and other factors, it is necessary to determine the weight of the package in advance on the basis of the set weight. The amount of package received in advance is affected by the flow rate and mechanical parameters. The amount of package received in advance is calculated by the following formula:

（3）

(3)

Among them, Q ₁ represents the amount of packets received in advance; K ₂ represents the adjustment coefficient; S represents the calculated value of the flow rate; b represents the machine parameters.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (6)

1. The tundish driving and weighing structure for casting the anode plate is characterized by comprising a tundish, a weighing bracket and a weighing device, wherein the tundish is positioned at the upper part of the weighing bracket and is rotationally connected with the weighing bracket, and a self-resetting device for keeping the balance of the tundish when power is lost is arranged between the tundish and the weighing bracket; one end of the tundish is connected with the driving device, the other end of the tundish is connected with the support frame body through a weighing device perpendicular to the driving device, and the weighing device detects the weight of liquid in the tundish in real time;

the self-resetting device comprises a middle bearing support arranged at one side of the tundish and a guide rod penetrating through the middle bearing support, and a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod;

the bottom end of the guide rod is fixed with the weighing bracket, the upper side and the lower side of the middle bearing support are respectively provided with a first spring and a second spring, and the top of the first spring is provided with a blocking mechanism; the blocking mechanism comprises a blocking piece connected with the first spring and a plurality of blocking rods arranged on the side surface of the top end of the guide rod;

the weighing device comprises a weighing sensor and a connector thereof, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the weighing sensor are respectively connected with the hook through the connector.

2. The tundish driving and weighing structure for casting anode plates according to claim 1, wherein one end of the weighing bracket is provided with two mutually parallel shafts, and the shafts are mounted on the upper part of the supporting bracket body through bearing seats; the other end of the weighing bracket is connected with a weighing device.

3. The tundish driving and weighing structure for casting anode plates according to claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer thereof, and the speed reducer is connected with a rotating shaft at one end of the tundish; the servo motor is connected with the control system.

4. A method for quantitatively supplementing a tundish drive and weigh structure for casting anode plates according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized by being divided into a pre-stage and a post-stage, wherein,

the early stage adopts angle control, after the rotation angle of the tundish is calculated in advance, the control system controls the servo motor to enable the tundish to reach the outflow critical point of the molten liquid; after reaching the critical point of the melt flow out, entering the later stage;

and in the later stage, the flow rate feedback control is adopted, the flow rate of the molten liquid is calculated through a tundish weight signal measured by a weighing sensor, and the tundish angle is controlled to rotate according to the flow rate of the molten liquid, so that the molten liquid in the tundish is supplemented according to the set flow rate.

5. The method for quantitatively supplementing control of a tundish driving and weighing structure for casting of anode plates according to claim 4, wherein the tundish early rotation angle Φ is expressed as:

wherein r represents the radius of the tundish, H represents the height of the molten metal in the tundish, and a represents the transverse distance from the molten metal outlet to the semicircle of the tundish.

6. The quantitative replenishment control method of a tundish drive and weighing structure for anode plate casting according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate at replenishment is calculated by a least square method; and comparing the calculated flow rate with the set flow rate, and taking the difference value of the calculated flow rate and the set flow rate as an input value of an adjusting signal to perform real-time adjustment control on the tundish inclination angle.

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