CN102699303B - A kind of casting equipment and pouring ladle - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of casting equipment and pouring ladle, wherein casting equipment comprises pouring ladle, pouring ladle framework, fixed support body, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder base, pouring ladle is fixed on pouring ladle framework, hydraulic cylinder one end is articulated with on pouring ladle framework, the hydraulic cylinder other end is articulated with on hydraulic cylinder base, wherein, described pouring ladle framework one end is arranged in fixed support body, described pouring ladle right-hand member is provided with cast gate, described pouring ladle upper shed width is definite value, described pouring ladle is provided with compensation curved surface away from inside the left side wall of described cast gate, described hydraulic cylinder uniform motion, the cast constant flow rate that change that curved surface can compensate described pouring ladle angular speed makes described pouring ladle is compensated described in casting process.Casting equipment of the present invention, when hydraulic cylinder uniform motion, ensures that the cast flow velocity of last pouring ladle is that setting value is constant, effectively ensures the quality of foundry goods, and driving device structure is simple simultaneously, and drive disk assembly is less, so failure rate is low, effectively enhances productivity.

Description

A kind of casting equipment and pouring ladle

Technical field

The present invention relates to the broad container of a kind of casting, be specifically related to the broad container of a kind of casting not with heater.

Background technology

The control method of running gate system and running gate system is critical component in metal tube foundry production and step, in actual production process, in order to ensure casting quality, require that molten iron must at the uniform velocity pour in centrifuge by running gate system in casting process, even if molten iron cast constant flow rate, otherwise produced cast iron pipe wall thickness can be caused uneven, produce defective work, economic loss is brought to enterprise, and can running gate system at the uniform velocity pour into a mould, key depends on the structure of pouring ladle and the action of pouring ladle drive unit.

Chinese invention patent document CN101912954A discloses a kind of running gate system that can realize constant speed cast, in this running gate system, adopt fan-shaped pouring ladle, the fan-shaped pouring ladle of oil cylinder Direct driver, the rotating shaft of pouring ladle is arranged displacement coder measure the angle of pouring ladle rotation and feed back to control assembly, control assembly calculates according to the angle signal of feedback and regulates the translational speed of oil cylinder to ensure fan-shaped pouring ladle uniform rotation, realize evenly cast, in this casting equipment, displacement coder is arranged in the rotating shaft of pouring ladle, rotating shaft due to pouring ladle is positioned near the cast gate of molten iron, temperature is very high, and may vibration be produced in pouring ladle rotation process, high temperature and vibration all will affect the precision of encoder, and affect the working life of encoder, molten iron is caused constant speed not flow out in fan-shaped pouring ladle, Chinese utility model patent document CN2313689Y also discloses a kind of running gate system that can realize constant speed cast, in this running gate system, fan-shaped pouring ladle is arranged on cast framework by means of rotating shaft, fixed constant velocity plate on pouring ladle, hydraulic cylinder drives constant speed plate by pulley mechanism, the constant speed movement of hydraulic cylinder drives fan-shaped pouring ladle constant velocity rotation by constant speed plate, realize evenly cast, this apparatus for pouring parts are more, complex structure, although constant speed plate and pulley mechanism are rolling friction, but constant speed plate and pulley mechanism easily wear and tear or clamping stagnation after using a period of time, molten iron is caused constant speed not flow out in fan-shaped pouring ladle, also has one casting equipment disclosed in Russian Patent document SU326021A, in this casting equipment, the scallop of fan-shaped pouring ladle connects a connecting line, this connecting line through a movable pulley by hydraulic oil cylinder driving, when oil cylinder at the uniform velocity, connecting line is the speed uniform motion doubling oil cylinder, then fan-shapedly water uniform rotation under the drive wrapping in connecting line, realize evenly cast, but there is too much mechanical transmission in this kind of casting equipment, and these mechanical transmissions are operated in high temperature, in the environment of strong vibration and many dust, the impact that mechanical transmission is subject to working environment will produce larger driving error, molten iron is caused at the uniform velocity not flow out in fan-shaped pouring ladle.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of constant flow rate can be kept to pour into a mould casting equipment and pouring ladle, this equipment can ensure casting quality, avoids economic loss, enhances productivity and reduce manufacture and the maintenance cost of equipment.

To achieve these goals, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of casting equipment, comprise pouring ladle, pouring ladle framework, fixed support body, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder base, pouring ladle is fixed on pouring ladle framework, pouring ladle right-hand member is provided with cast gate, hydraulic cylinder one end is articulated with the one end away from cast gate on pouring ladle framework, the hydraulic cylinder other end is articulated with on hydraulic cylinder base by the second rotating shaft, wherein, described pouring ladle framework one end is articulated with in fixed support body by the first rotating shaft, described first rotating shaft is located at the position near described cast gate, described pouring ladle upper shed width is definite value, compensation curved surface is provided with inside the left side wall of described pouring ladle away from described cast gate, described hydraulic cylinder uniform motion, the cast constant flow rate that change that curved surface can compensate described pouring ladle angular speed makes described pouring ladle is compensated described in casting process.

Casting equipment of the present invention, wherein, on described compensation curved surface, in casting process, liquid level is determined according to following formula apart from the distance distance d of described first rotating shaft center's point through any point of part:

$d=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{n}\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}{\mathrm{abm}}$

Wherein, it is default cast flow velocity, a is the first rotating shaft center o'clock distance to second rotating shaft center's point, b is the distance of central point to described pouring ladle framework and hydraulic cylinder pin joint of the first rotating shaft, v is the uniform motion speed of described hydraulic cylinder, t is the run duration of described hydraulic cylinder, m is the upper shed width of described pouring ladle, l ₀it is the initial length of described hydraulic cylinder.

Casting equipment of the present invention, wherein, linear displacement transducer is provided with in described hydraulic cylinder, linear displacement transducer connection control device, linear displacement transducer can detect the displacement of hydraulic cylinder in real time and measured value be sent to controller, controller carries out according to the straight-line displacement value that linear displacement transducer measurement obtains the real-time translational speed that Difference Calculation draws hydraulic cylinder, and makes it move with uniform velocity according to setting speed value to hydraulic cylinder enforcement closed-loop control.

Casting equipment of the present invention, wherein, described linear displacement transducer is straight-line displacement digital encoder.

Casting equipment of the present invention, wherein, is provided with double-edged fine-toothed comb near described cast gate place in described pouring ladle.

A kind of pouring ladle, this pouring ladle is fixed on pouring ladle framework, pouring ladle right-hand member is provided with cast gate, one end bottom-hinged away from cast gate on pouring ladle framework has hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder other end is articulated with on hydraulic cylinder base by the second rotating shaft, wherein, described pouring ladle framework one end is articulated with in fixed support body by the first rotating shaft, described first rotating shaft is located at the position near described cast gate, described pouring ladle upper shed width is definite value, described pouring ladle is provided with compensation curved surface away from inside the left side wall of described cast gate, described pouring ladle upper shed width is definite value, the cast constant flow rate that change that curved surface can compensate described pouring ladle angular speed makes described pouring ladle is compensated described in casting process.

Pouring ladle of the present invention, wherein, on described compensation curved surface, in casting process, liquid level is determined according to following formula apart from the distance distance d of described first rotating shaft center's point through any point of part:

$d=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{n}\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}{\mathrm{abm}}$

Wherein, it is default cast flow velocity, a is the first rotating shaft center o'clock distance to second rotating shaft center's point, b is the distance of central point to described pouring ladle framework and hydraulic cylinder pin joint of the first rotating shaft, v is the uniform motion speed of described hydraulic cylinder, t is the run duration of described hydraulic cylinder, m is the upper shed width of described pouring ladle, l ₀it is the initial length of described hydraulic cylinder.

After adopting such scheme, casting equipment of the present invention and pouring ladle are owing to compensating the setting of curved surface, when hydraulic cylinder uniform motion, it obtains the compensation compensating curved surface at the non-linear deviation produced in pouring ladle Movement transmit process, ensure that the cast flow velocity of last pouring ladle is that setting value is constant, achieve even pouring molten iron, ensure cast tube even tube wall, the quality of effective guarantee foundry goods, simultaneously because pouring ladle of the present invention is directly by Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder, driving device structure is simple, drive disk assembly is less, so reduction driving error, fault rate reduces, effectively enhance productivity.

In addition, be provided with linear displacement transducer in hydraulic cylinder, linear displacement transducer connection control device, controller implements closed-loop control to hydraulic cylinder makes it move with uniform velocity according to setting speed value, the even pouring molten iron of further guarantee pouring ladle, effectively ensures the quality of foundry goods.

Further, because linear displacement transducer is arranged in hydraulic cylinder, away from the rotating shaft that temperature is very high, ensure that the precision of sensor and increase the service life.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that the master of casting equipment of the present invention looks partial sectional view;

Fig. 2 is the front view of pouring ladle in casting equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view of pouring ladle in casting equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the Movement transmit rough schematic view of casting equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the casting process structural representation of casting equipment of the present invention.

Casting equipment of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Detailed description of the invention

As Fig. 1, 2, shown in 3, casting equipment comprises pouring ladle 1, pouring ladle framework 2, fixed support body 3, hydraulic cylinder 4, hydraulic cylinder base 41, pouring ladle 1 is fixed on pouring ladle framework 2, pouring ladle framework 2 one end is articulated with in fixed support body 3 by the first rotating shaft 5, pouring ladle 1 right-hand member is provided with cast gate 11, first rotating shaft 5 is located at the position near cast gate 11, hydraulic cylinder 4 one end is articulated with the bottom away from one end of the first rotating shaft 5 on pouring ladle framework 2, the other end is articulated with on hydraulic cylinder base 41 by the second rotating shaft 6, straight-line displacement digital encoder is provided with in hydraulic cylinder 4, straight-line displacement digital encoder connection control device, straight-line displacement digital encoder can detect the displacement of hydraulic cylinder 4 in real time and measured value be sent to controller, controller carries out to the displacement value obtained the translational speed that Difference Calculation obtains hydraulic cylinder 4, according to the oil inlet quantity of translational speed hydraulic control cylinder 4, hydraulic cylinder 4 moves with uniform velocity according to the velocity amplitude of setting to adopt closed-loop control to ensure, double-edged fine-toothed comb 12 is provided with near cast gate 11 place in pouring ladle 1, pouring ladle 1 compensates curved surface 14 away from being provided with inside the left side wall 13 of cast gate 11.

As shown in Figure 4, the central point 5 of the first rotating shaft is set to A, the pin joint of hydraulic cylinder 4 and pouring ladle framework 2 is set to B, the central point of the second rotating shaft 6 is set to C, A, B, C 3 forms triangle, its mid point A, distance between C i.e. the first rotating shaft 5 center is steady state value a to the distance at the second rotating shaft 6 center, point A, distance between the B i.e. center of the first rotating shaft 5 is steady state value b to the distance between pouring ladle framework 2 and the pin joint of hydraulic cylinder 4, B, distance between C point and the length of hydraulic cylinder 4 are l, this length l is along with the mobile change of hydraulic cylinder 4, the initial length of the hydraulic cylinder 4 when cast does not start is l ₀, because hydraulic cylinder 4 at the uniform velocity moves according to setting speed value, this setting speed value is v, and t be mobile from hydraulic cylinder after running time, then in casting process, the length of hydraulic cylinder 4 time in office is as shown in Equation (1):

l=l ₀+vt （1）

Angle radian value wherein between above-mentioned leg-of-mutton limit AB and AC is α, owing to being not proportional between angle α and the length of limit BC, so when hydraulic cylinder 4 at the uniform velocity moves, pouring ladle 1 is not uniform rotation, as shown in Figure 4, in casting process, the length of liquid level in pouring ladle 1, namely the first rotating shaft 5 is d to the distance of the compensation curved surface 14 of pouring ladle 1 right side wall 13, and the width of pouring ladle 1 is m, then the cast flow velocity n now of the liquid in pouring ladle 1 is:

$n=\frac{d*m*\mathrm{\ω}\left(t\right)}{2}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein ω (t) is the angular velocity of rotation of now pouring ladle 1.Lower surface analysis angular velocity of rotation and the relation of time.

As shown in Figure 5, casting equipment of the present invention is at the structural representation of certain t, and the length of the liquid level in pouring ladle 1 is now d, and the angle radian value now between AB and the AC of limit is α ₁, the length value of hydraulic cylinder 4 is now l=l ₀+ vt, according to the cosine law:

l ²=a ²+b ²-2abcosα ₁（3）

Obtained by formula (3)

${\mathrm{\α}}_1=\arccos \left(\frac{a^2+b^2-l^2}{2\mathrm{ab}}\right)---\left(4\right)$

ω (t) expression formula is obtained to its differentiate as follows:

$\mathrm{\ω}\left(t\right)={\mathrm{\α}}_1^{\′}=\frac{d\left(\arccos \left(\frac{a^2+b^2-l^2}{2\mathrm{ab}}\right)\right)}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left(\arccos \left(\frac{a^2+b^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2}{2\mathrm{ab}}\right)\right)}{\mathrm{dt}}---\left(5\right)$

Obtain after arrangement:

$\mathrm{\ω}\left(t\right)=\frac{2\mathrm{ab}}{\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}---\left(6\right)$

Angular velocity of rotation ω due to pouring ladle 1 is not constant, in order to ensure that cast flow velocity n is that definite value is constant, need the length d of the liquid level adjusting pouring ladle 1 with make hydraulic cylinder 4 in any length time cast flow velocity n for fixed value then when the random length value of hydraulic cylinder 4 is l:

$\stackrel{\‾}{n}=\frac{\mathrm{abmd}}{\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}---\left(7\right)$

And then shown in the functional relation of liquid level length d and any time t following (8):

$d=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{n}\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}{\mathrm{abm}}---\left(8\right)$

Wherein, a, b, l ₀for steady state value, and work as v, when m is also steady state value, to easily draw when any length value l or moment t according to this formula, the liquid level length d of pouring ladle 1, determine the compensation curved surface 14 of pouring ladle 1 rear end face 13 thus, on this compensation curved surface 14, the distance of each point distance the first rotating shaft 5 is exactly liquid level length d, but under normal conditions, in casting process, liquid level only can through partial-compensation curved surface, therefore, in special requirement casting process, liquid level can the distance on the compensation curved surface of part between any point and the first rotating shaft 5 should be determined by above-mentioned formula (8).

In above-mentioned all formula, relate to the formula unit of angle and angular speed all using radian (rad) as unit.

The above embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that the common engineers and technicians in this area make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determine.

Claims (5)

1. a casting equipment, comprise pouring ladle (1), pouring ladle framework (2), fixed support body (3), hydraulic cylinder (4), hydraulic cylinder base (41), pouring ladle (1) is fixed on pouring ladle framework (2), pouring ladle (1) right-hand member is provided with cast gate (11), first rotating shaft (5) is located at the position near described cast gate (11), hydraulic cylinder (4) one end is articulated with the one end away from cast gate (11) on pouring ladle framework (2), hydraulic cylinder (4) other end is articulated with on hydraulic cylinder base (41) by the second rotating shaft (6), it is characterized in that: described pouring ladle framework (2) one end is articulated with in fixed support body (3) by the first rotating shaft (5), described pouring ladle (1) upper shed width is definite value, described pouring ladle (1) is provided with compensation curved surface (14) away from left side wall (13) inner side of described cast gate (11), described hydraulic cylinder (4) uniform motion, on described compensation curved surface (14), in casting process, liquid level is determined according to following formula apart from the distance d of described first rotating shaft (5) central point through any point of part:

$d=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{n}\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}{\mathrm{abm}}$

Wherein, it is default cast flow velocity, a is the distance of the first rotating shaft (5) central point to the second rotating shaft (6) central point, b is the distance of central point to described pouring ladle framework (2) and hydraulic cylinder (4) pin joint of the first rotating shaft (5), ν is the uniform motion speed of described hydraulic cylinder (4), t is the run duration of described hydraulic cylinder (4), m is the upper shed width of described pouring ladle (1), l ₀be the initial length of described hydraulic cylinder (4), described in casting process, compensate the cast constant flow rate that change that curved surface (14) can compensate described pouring ladle (1) angular speed makes described pouring ladle (1).

2. casting equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic cylinder is provided with linear displacement transducer in (4), linear displacement transducer connection control device, linear displacement transducer can detect the displacement of hydraulic cylinder (4) in real time and measured value is sent to controller, controller carries out according to the straight-line displacement value that linear displacement transducer measurement obtains the real-time translational speed that Difference Calculation draws hydraulic cylinder, and makes it move with uniform velocity according to setting speed value to hydraulic cylinder enforcement closed-loop control.

3. casting equipment as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described linear displacement transducer is straight-line displacement digital encoder.

4. casting equipment as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: be provided with double-edged fine-toothed comb (12) near described cast gate (11) place in described pouring ladle (1).

5. a pouring ladle (1), this pouring ladle (1) is fixed on pouring ladle framework (2), pouring ladle (1) right-hand member is provided with cast gate (11), first rotating shaft (5) is located at the position near described cast gate (11), pouring ladle framework (2) there is hydraulic cylinder (4) away from one end bottom-hinged of cast gate (11), hydraulic cylinder (4) other end is articulated with on hydraulic cylinder base (41) by the second rotating shaft (6), it is characterized in that: described pouring ladle framework (2) one end is articulated with in fixed support body (3) by the first rotating shaft (5), described pouring ladle (1) upper shed width is definite value, described pouring ladle (1) is provided with away from left side wall (13) inner side of described cast gate (11) and compensates curved surface (14), described pouring ladle (1) upper shed width is definite value, on described compensation curved surface (14), in casting process, liquid level is determined according to following formula apart from the distance d of described first rotating shaft (5) central point through any point of part:

$d=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{n}\sqrt{[{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2-{(a+b)}^2][{(a-b)}^2-{(l_0+\mathrm{vt})}^2]}}{\mathrm{abm}}$

Wherein, it is default cast flow velocity, a is the distance of the first rotating shaft (5) central point to the second rotating shaft (6) central point, b is the distance of central point to described pouring ladle framework (2) and hydraulic cylinder (4) pin joint of the first rotating shaft (5), ν is the uniform motion speed of described hydraulic cylinder (4), t is the run duration of described hydraulic cylinder (4), m is the upper shed width of described pouring ladle (1), l ₀be the initial length of described hydraulic cylinder (4), described in casting process, compensate the cast constant flow rate that change that curved surface (14) can compensate described pouring ladle (1) angular speed makes described pouring ladle (1).