CN108667292B - Input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit - Google Patents
Input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108667292B CN108667292B CN201810476754.2A CN201810476754A CN108667292B CN 108667292 B CN108667292 B CN 108667292B CN 201810476754 A CN201810476754 A CN 201810476754A CN 108667292 B CN108667292 B CN 108667292B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33538—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type
- H02M3/33546—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type with automatic control of the output voltage or current
- H02M3/33553—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type with automatic control of the output voltage or current with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
Abstract
The invention provides an input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit, which comprises a PWM controller, a feedback compensation network, an output voltage feedback network and a ramp current sampling network, wherein the feedback compensation network is connected with the output voltage feedback network; the ramp current sampling network is used for generating a ramp oscillation signal with variable amplitude and slope, and the input end of the ramp current sampling network is electrically connected with the current sampling signal end of the PWM controller; the input end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the output end of an error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the output end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the feedback signal end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller; and the input end of the output voltage feedback network is electrically connected with the output end of the switching power supply, and the output end of the output voltage feedback network is connected to a feedback signal end of the PWM controller. The input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit realizes input voltage feedforward voltage type control by adopting the current type PWM controller, and realizes miniaturization and high performance of the voltage type control circuit by combining the ramp current sampling network, the input voltage feedforward network, the output voltage feedback network and the feedback compensation network.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a voltage-type PWM control circuit, and more particularly, to a voltage-type PWM control circuit with input voltage feedforward and maximum duty ratio limitation.
Background
The traditional PWM control technology of the switching power supply at present comprises a voltage mode control technology and a current mode control technology. The voltage mode control compares the output error signal with an oscillating periodic sawtooth signal to obtain the desired PWM control signal, as shown in fig. 1. The current mode control technique is to compare the current signal of each period with the error signal of the output voltage to obtain the required PWM control signal, as shown in fig. 2. The current-mode PWM control technique is a mainstream technique of the current switching power supply design, and in the conventional current-mode PWM control technique, an output voltage signal and a current signal of a power circuit need to be sampled. Due to the charge storage effect of the rectifier diode, when the rectifier diode is turned off, a current spike is formed in the power loop and is superposed with normal working current, and the current spike is sampled by the current sampling circuit to form current spike interference. The current mode control circuit must filter the sampled voltage signal, eliminate the current spike signal formed by the storage effect of the rectifier diode, and avoid the influence on the generation of the PWM signal. Particularly, in the design of a high-voltage switching power supply, because a rectifier diode has high withstand voltage, long charge storage effect time and high current spike signal amplitude, the design difficulty of a filter circuit is high, and PWM is difficult to achieve an ideal state. The traditional design of high-voltage switching power supply generally reduces the switching frequency to relieve the influence of the storage effect of a rectifier diode, and the disadvantage brought by the traditional design is that the volume of a transformer is increased and the miniaturization is difficult to realize. Meanwhile, the current sampling circuit has a complex design and a large number of elements, which is not favorable for the miniaturization design of the circuit.
In the conventional voltage-type PWM control technique, the output voltage error signal is compared with an oscillation signal of a fixed frequency and a fixed slope to obtain a PWM control signal, and since there is no current signal, the charge storage effect of the rectifying diode does not affect the PWM control circuit. However, the conventional voltage-type PWM control technique has the difficulties of large loop compensation difficulty and narrow input voltage range. Meanwhile, as the current mode control technology is dominant, the PWM integrated circuit for designing voltage mode control has few types and large volume, and is not beneficial to circuit miniaturization.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit. According to the invention, through the current type PWM controller, the ramp current sampling network, the input voltage sampling network, the output error voltage sampling network and the feedback compensation network, the input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control is realized, and the problems of large volume, low working frequency and large loop design difficulty of the traditional voltage type switching power supply are solved.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides an input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit, which includes a PWM controller, a feedback compensation network, an output voltage feedback network, and a ramp current sampling network;
the ramp current sampling network is used for generating a ramp oscillation signal with variable amplitude and slope, and the input end of the ramp current sampling network is electrically connected with the current sampling signal end of the PWM controller;
the input end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the output end of an error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the output end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the feedback signal end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller;
and the input end of the output voltage feedback network is electrically connected with the output end of the switching power supply, and the output end of the output voltage feedback network is connected to a feedback signal end of the PWM controller.
Preferably, the control circuit further comprises an input voltage feedforward network, wherein the output end of the external input voltage source is connected with the input end of the input voltage feedforward network, and the output end of the input voltage feedforward network is respectively connected to the ramp current sampling network and the PWM controller.
Preferably, the ramp current sampling network comprises a resistor R1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the current sampling signal end of the PWM controller, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground potential.
Preferably, the input voltage feedforward network comprises a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to an external input voltage source, and the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected to a current sampling signal end of the PWM controller.
Preferably, the output voltage feedback network comprises a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the output end of the PWM control circuit, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the feedback signal end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the feedback signal end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, and one end of the resistor R4 is grounded.
Preferably, the feedback compensation network comprises a capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the feedback signal end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller.
As described above, the input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit according to the present invention has the following advantages: the invention solves the problems of large volume, high loop design difficulty and low reliability of the traditional voltage type switching power supply. The input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit realizes input voltage feedforward voltage type control by adopting the current type PWM controller, and realizes miniaturization and high performance of the voltage type control circuit by combining the ramp current sampling network, the input voltage feedforward network, the output voltage feedback network and the feedback compensation network.
1. The area of the whole control circuit of the input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit is less than 12 multiplied by 15mm2Area of the control circuit is larger than that of the traditional voltage type PWM control circuitIs greatly reduced (with the traditional realization mode, the area is 30 multiplied by 32mm2)；
2. The input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit of the invention introduces the input voltage to participate in feedback control, and the voltage regulation rate index is reduced from the original 1 percent to below 0.5 percent.
3. The voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit can realize that the maximum duty ratio is changed along with the input voltage, and the maximum station-to-space ratio of the traditional voltage type control circuit is generally fixed to be close to 100 percent, which is not beneficial to improving the reliability of the circuit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a current mode PWM control circuit;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a voltage-mode PWM control circuit;
FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the present invention limiting the maximum duty cycle;
FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of one embodiment of an input voltage feed-forward voltage mode PWM control circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit schematic diagram of another embodiment of the input voltage feed-forward voltage type PWM control circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 5. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides an input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit, which includes a PWM controller, a feedback compensation network, an output voltage feedback network, and a ramp current sampling network;
the ramp current sampling network is used for generating a ramp oscillation signal with variable amplitude and slope, and the input end of the ramp current sampling network is electrically connected with the current sampling signal end of the PWM controller;
the input end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the output end of an error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the output end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the feedback signal end of the error amplifier of the PWM controller;
and the input end of the output voltage feedback network is electrically connected with the output end of the switching power supply, and the output end of the output voltage feedback network is connected to a feedback signal end of the PWM controller.
In this embodiment, the PWM controller is LM 5022.
The ramp current sampling network comprises a resistor R1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with a current sampling signal end of the PWM controller, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground potential.
The input voltage feedforward network comprises a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R2 is connected with an external input voltage source, and the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected with a current sampling signal end of the PWM controller.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the voltage at VCC terminal of the PWM controller LM5020 reaches a predetermined value, the sawtooth current signal serving to compensate for subharmonic oscillation starts to oscillate with an oscillation frequency identical to that of the PWM controller. If the sawtooth wave current signal is added with the external power loop current sampling signal at the current signal sampling end CS, a traditional current type PWM control circuit is formed. In this embodiment, the PWM control is independent of the power loop current signal, that is, the power loop current is not required to be sampled, but the sawtooth current signal passes through the ramp current sampling network, so that the current of the sawtooth current signal flows out from the current signal sampling terminal CS of the PWM controller, and a sawtooth voltage signal is formed on the ramp current sampling network and used as the sawtooth signal for the PWM control, and the size of the sawtooth voltage signal can be represented by formula (1):
Vsw＝Islop×R1 (1)
by adjusting the size of the resistor R1, the V of the voltage sawtooth wave can be changedswThe slope can adjust the gain of the feedback loop by controlling the resistor R1, thereby reducing the design difficulty of the loop. Meanwhile, the maximum duty ratio is controlled by adjusting the size of R1 and utilizing the characteristic of cycle-by-cycle control of the PWM controller, so that the phenomenon that the loop outputs over-high voltage to damage the load when abnormal is avoided, and the reliability of the circuit is improved, as shown in figure 4.
In order to further reduce the difficulty of loop design and improve the voltage stabilization performance, the embodiment introduces the change of the input voltage into the feedback loop by introducing the input voltage feedforward network. The input voltage feedforward network and the ramp wave current sampling network are superposed together to form a sawtooth wave with a direct current component, and the magnitude of the direct current component of the sawtooth wave can be expressed by a formula (2):
Vbia＝Vin×[R1/(R1+R2)] (2)
the sawtooth wave signal is input to a plus input end of a PWM comparator in the PWM controller, an error signal output by an error amplifier in the PWM controller is subjected to proportional conversion and is connected to a minus input end of the PWM comparator, and when the sawtooth wave signal is greater than an error voltage, a PWM reset signal is formed at an output end of the comparator, so that voltage type PWM control of input voltage feedforward is realized.
When the error signal is maximum due to abnormality, the conventional voltage-type PWM control circuit outputs the maximum duty ratio of about 100% at this time, and in this embodiment, when the amplitude of the sawtooth wave voltage reaches the threshold of the cycle-by-cycle current-limiting point, the current-limiting protection comparator inside the PWM controller provides the PWM reset signal to limit the maximum duty ratio.
In this embodiment, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 form a voltage divider network, which samples the output voltage, and the output error voltage, together with a reference and an error amplifier inside the PWM controller, implement the setting of the output voltage and the amplification of the output error voltage.
In the present embodiment, the capacitor C1 constitutes an integral feedback network, and stabilizes the output voltage. A class II or class III feedback compensation network may also be employed, depending on the application requirements.
The circuit schematic of the invention is shown in fig. 5:
the ramp current sampling network comprises a resistor R1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with a current sampling signal terminal CS of the PWM controller, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground potential.
The input voltage feed-forward network comprises a resistor R2, one end of which is connected with an external input voltage source, and the other end of which is connected with a current sampling signal terminal CS of the PWM controller.
The output voltage feedback network includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4. One end of the resistor R3 is connected with the power output end, the other end is connected with the feedback signal end FB of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the feedback signal end FB of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the other end is grounded.
The feedback compensation network comprises a capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a feedback signal terminal FB of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the other end is connected with an output terminal COMP of the error amplifier of the PWM controller.
The VIN end of the PWM controller is connected with an external input voltage, the FB end is connected with the output end of the output error voltage sampling network and the input end of the feedback compensation network, the COMP end is connected with the input end of the feedback compensation network, the VCC end is connected with a capacitor to the ground, the OUT end is the output of the PWM control circuit and connected with the grid electrode of the power MOS tube, the GND end is grounded, the UVLO end is connected with the VCC end, the CS end is connected with the input end of the ramp current sampling network and connected with the output end of the input voltage sampling network, the RT end is connected with the resistor to the ground, and the SS end is connected with the capacitor to the ground.
The PWM controller is realized by adopting LM5022 of National Semiconductor Inc. of America, the LM5022 is a current type PWM control circuit, has the functions of current ramp wave compensation, cycle-by-cycle current-limiting protection, input under-voltage protection, soft start and the like, and can meet the requirements of the invention. The PWM control circuit in the invention can also be realized by adopting LM5020 and LM5026 of national semiconductor Inc. In the current type PWM control circuit, a circuit of a sawtooth wave current oscillator used for ramp wave current compensation is integrated, and the sawtooth wave current oscillator can be applied to the invention.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit is characterized in that the control circuit comprises a PWM controller, a feedback compensation network, an output voltage feedback network and a ramp current sampling network;
the ramp current sampling network is used for generating a ramp oscillation signal with variable amplitude and slope, and the input end of the ramp current sampling network is electrically connected with the current sampling signal end of the PWM controller;
the input end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the output end of an error signal amplifier of the PWM controller, and the output end of the feedback compensation network is electrically connected with the feedback signal end of the error signal amplifier of the PWM controller;
the input end of the output voltage feedback network is electrically connected with the output end of the PWM control circuit, and the output end of the output voltage feedback network is connected to a feedback signal end of the PWM controller; the control circuit also comprises an input voltage feedforward network, wherein the output end of an external input voltage source is connected with the input end of the input voltage feedforward network, and the output end of the input voltage feedforward network is respectively connected to the ramp current sampling network and the PWM controller;
the ramp current sampling network comprises a resistor R1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with a current sampling signal end of the PWM controller, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground potential;
the input voltage feedforward network comprises a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R2 is connected with an external input voltage source, and the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected with a current sampling signal end of the PWM controller and one end of the resistor R1 respectively.
2. An input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said output voltage feedback network includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, one end of said resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the PWM control circuit, the other end of said resistor R3 is connected to the feedback signal terminal of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, one end of said resistor R4 is connected to the feedback signal terminal of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, and one end of said resistor R4 is connected to ground.
3. An input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feedback compensation network includes a capacitor C5, one end of the capacitor C5 is connected to the feedback signal terminal of the error amplifier of the PWM controller, and the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected to the output terminal of the error amplifier of the PWM controller.
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| CN201810476754.2A CN108667292B (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | Input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit |
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| CN201810476754.2A CN108667292B (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | Input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit |
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| CN108667292B true CN108667292B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1988350A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-06-27 | 华中科技大学 | Feed forward pulse width modulator |
| CN102545609A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | High-power supply based on multi-phase PWM controller |
| CN106230259A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-14 | 航天长峰朝阳电源有限公司 | A kind of controllable type high efficiency non-isolated booster power module |
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| US7868603B2 (en) * | 2006-10-04 | 2011-01-11 | Microsemi Corporation | Method and apparatus to compensate for supply voltage variations in a PWM-based voltage regulator |
| US7545134B2 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2009-06-09 | Semiconductor Components Industries, L.L.C. | Power supply controller and method therefor |
| US8305004B2 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-11-06 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for constant power offline LED driver |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1988350A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-06-27 | 华中科技大学 | Feed forward pulse width modulator |
| CN102545609A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | High-power supply based on multi-phase PWM controller |
| CN106230259A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2016-12-14 | 航天长峰朝阳电源有限公司 | A kind of controllable type high efficiency non-isolated booster power module |
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