CN108662091A - A kind of Novel wheel-side slowing-down structure and speed reducer - Google Patents
A kind of Novel wheel-side slowing-down structure and speed reducer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108662091A CN108662091A CN201810777589.4A CN201810777589A CN108662091A CN 108662091 A CN108662091 A CN 108662091A CN 201810777589 A CN201810777589 A CN 201810777589A CN 108662091 A CN108662091 A CN 108662091A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- level
- planetary
- hub
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
- F16H1/46—Systems consisting of a plurality of gear trains each with orbital gears, i.e. systems having three or more central gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Novel wheel-side slowing-down structure and speed reducer, is related to speed reducer technical field.Hub reduction structure includes sequentially connected brake unit, transmission system and driving unit, brake unit is connected to the output end of motor, primary speed-down unit includes two-stage spur reduction structure in transmission system, double reduction unit includes the first planetary ring gear and clutch, three-level deceleration unit includes the second planetary ring gear, and level Four deceleration unit includes third planet gear ring；And the planetary ring gear that first planetary ring gear, the second planetary ring gear, third planet gear ring are formed as an integrated structure, planetary ring gear and the multiple planetary gear internal messings being correspondingly arranged.A kind of speed reducer is also disclosed, at least one above-mentioned hub reduction structure is connected with.The reduction ratio higher of the hub reduction structure, structure is more reasonable, compactedness higher；Speed reducer can realize high low or first gear operating, preferably applicable working condition requirement according to operating mode simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to speed reducer technical field more particularly to a kind of Novel wheel-side slowing-down structures and speed reducer.
Background technology
The common two kinds of hub reduction structure type of speed reducer includes two level straight spur gear slowing-down structure and planet tooth
Slowing-down structure is taken turns, wherein two level straight spur gear hub reduction is simple in structure, and structure size is big, parts discontinuity equalization,
And it is unable to modularized design, repair is inconvenient.
Planetary gear type slowing-down structure in the prior art takes three-level deceleration unit, and wherein primary speed-down unit includes two
Grade spur gear slowing-down structure, two level and three-level deceleration unit are planet row structure, it is therefore an objective to obtain the transmission ratio of bigger.But it is existing
There is the technical issues of technology is primarily present to include：Multi-stage planetary gear needs to be correspondingly arranged multiple planetary ring gears so that entire wheel
The structure of side slowing-down structure is larger, and compactedness is poor；Meanwhile it on some heavy speed reducers, being needed in vehicle in actual mechanical process
In the case that speed is smaller, the torque of bigger is also exported, existing three-level deceleration unit is because transmission ratio is small being difficult to provide
The torque of bigger needs higher speed and then saves time and oil consumption sometimes when such as empty wagons turns factory to some light duties, existing
Some three-level slowing-down structures cannot realize high and low shift operating according to operating mode so that oil consumption is higher and the working time is longer.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, a kind of Novel wheel-side slowing-down structure of present invention proposition and speed reducer, hub reduction structure subtract
Speed ratio higher, structure is more reasonable, compactedness higher；Speed reducer can be according to operating mode, by being closed and detaching clutch simultaneously
So that the total reduction ratio of hub reduction structure changes, high low or first gear operating, preferably applicable working condition requirement are realized.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of hub reduction structure, including sequentially connected brake unit, transmission system and driving unit, brake list
Member is connected to the output end of motor, and transmission system includes primary speed-down unit, double reduction unit, three-level deceleration unit and level Four
Deceleration unit, primary speed-down unit include two-stage spur reduction structure, and double reduction unit includes the first planetary ring gear and clutch
Device, three-level deceleration unit include the second planetary ring gear, and level Four deceleration unit includes third planet gear ring；And
The planetary ring gear that first planetary ring gear, the second planetary ring gear, third planet gear ring are formed as an integrated structure, planet tooth
The multiple planetary gear internal messings for enclosing and being correspondingly arranged.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, primary speed-down unit include level-one driving gear, level-one driven gear and
Gear hub, level-one driving gear and level-one driven gear external toothing are fixedly connected with and level-one passive tooth on level-one driven gear
Coaxial gear hub is taken turns, level-one driving gear is by the fixing bearing support of left and right two, and gear hub is by two primary axis in left and right
Support is held, gear hub is connect with level-one driven gear, and gear hub exports power to double reduction unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, double reduction unit includes the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, the first row
Carrier and planetary ring gear, double reduction unit further include clutch, and the first sun gear is engaged with gear hub, the tooth of the first sun gear
Wheel and multiple first planetary gear external toothings, the first planetary gear and planetary ring gear internal messing, the first planetary gear are arranged in the first planet
On frame, clutch is separately connected the first sun gear and the first planetary gear, when clutch is closed, the first sun gear and the first planet
Wheel shape is integral and same rotation speed operation, when clutch separates, the first sun gear and the first planetary gear is seperated and respectively operating, the
One planet carrier exports power to three-level deceleration unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, clutch be include friction plate and outer gear piece, clutch passes through friction plate
It is to realize to be closed and detach with outer tooth plate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, three-level deceleration unit includes the second sun gear, the second planet carrier, the second row
Star-wheel and planetary ring gear, the second sun gear are engaged with first planet carrier, the second sun gear and multiple second planetary gear external toothings, the
There are three-level bearing support, the second planetary gear and planetary ring gear internal messing, the second planetary gear to be mounted on the second row on the inside of two sun gears
In carrier, the second planet carrier exports power to level Four deceleration unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, level Four deceleration unit includes third sun gear, third planet carrier, the third line
Star-wheel and planetary ring gear, third sun gear are engaged with the second planet carrier, third sun gear and multiple the third line star-wheel external toothings, the
Three planetary gears and planetary ring gear internal messing, the third line star-wheel are mounted in third planet carrier, and planetary ring gear one end is fixed on wheel side
On deceleration outer housing, third planet carrier exports power to driving unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, driving unit includes terminal pad, and terminal pad is by driving spline engagement to have
Sprocket hub, sprocket hub are connect by bolt with tooth block, and sprocket hub is by the bearing support for the side that sets within it outside hub reduction
On shell, terminal pad is engaged by spline with third planet carrier.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, tooth block is located at the inner or outer side of three-level deceleration unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, brake unit includes the brake being connect with motor by spline housing,
The inside and outside of spline housing is respectively arranged with internal spline and outer gear piece, and the shaft of motor and level-one driving gear is and internal spline
It is meshed, brake is meshed with outer gear piece.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, brake includes the brake casing for being provided with braking cavity, brake empty
Chamber is set on spline housing, and brake empty intracavitary is disposed with along spline housing radial direction from-inner-to-outer and is mutually nibbled with the outer gear piece of spline housing
The side of the friction plate of conjunction, outer tooth plate and the ring gear being meshed with outer tooth plate, friction plate, outer tooth plate and ring gear is pressed on wheel
On side deceleration outer housing, the other side has compressed pressing plate, and disc spring has been compressed on the outside of pressing plate, and pressing plate is connected to piston by baffle ring
On, piston is set in outside spline housing and along spline housing axial stretching, and the top of ring gear and disc spring is each attached to arrester shell
On body, ring gear, brake casing are fixed on hub reduction outer housing.
A kind of speed reducer, including：Engine, shaft coupling and the pump for being connected with motor of power output, shaft coupling point are provided
Not Lian Jie engine and pump, motor is connected at least one above-mentioned hub reduction structure.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) a kind of hub reduction structure proposed by the present invention, by the way that primary speed-down unit, double reduction unit, three are arranged
Grade deceleration unit and level Four deceleration unit so that the reduction ratio higher of hub reduction structure, structure are more reasonable；It is gone by being arranged
Star gear ring, the multiple planetary gears being correspondingly arranged in double reduction unit, three-level deceleration unit and level Four deceleration unit are and planet
Gear ring internal messing, compactedness higher；By the way that clutch is arranged so that the total reduction ratio of hub reduction structure changes, and realizes
High low or first gear operating, preferably applicable working condition requirement.
(2) it is quiet securely and reliably to meet high-power using above-mentioned hub reduction structure for a kind of speed reducer proposed by the present invention
Demand of the hydraulic construction machine to reduction gear ratio.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the hub reduction function module that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the hub reduction structure that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the brake structural that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the walking operation state for the speed reducer that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of another walking operation state for the speed reducer that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides；
Fig. 6 is the walking operating brakes open locking flow diagram for the speed reducer that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides.
Fig. 7 is the walking controlled clutch open locking flow diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides.
In figure：
1, brake unit；2, transmission system；3, driving unit；4, motor；5, planetary ring gear；61, engine；62, join
Axis device；9, controller；10, clutch；11, spline housing；12, brake；21, primary speed-down unit；22, double reduction unit；
23, three-level deceleration unit；24, level Four deceleration unit；31 terminal pads；32 sprocket hubs；33 tooth blocks；34 bolts；35 bearings；41, left
Motor；42, right motor；43, the first sealing ring；71, rear pump；72, front pump；81, revolver side slowing-down structure；82, right hub reduction
Structure；91, walking handle；92, display；93, left brake is latched judgment module；94, right brake is latched judgment module；
101, hub reduction outer housing；121, brake casing；122, friction plate；123, outer tooth plate；124, ring gear；125, pressing plate；
126, disc spring；127, piston；128, respirator；129, baffle ring；211, level-one driving gear；212, level-one driven gear；213、
Gear hub；214, level-one bearing；215, fixing bearing；221, the first sun gear；222, the first planetary gear；223, the first planet
Frame；225, secondary bearing；231, the second sun gear；232, the second planet carrier；233, the second planetary gear；234, three-level bearing；
241, third sun gear；242, third planet carrier；243, the third line star-wheel；1271, the second sealing ring；1272, Glais ring；
2151, adjust pad；2152, adjustment plate.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that in order to just
Only the parts related to the present invention are shown in description, attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of hub reduction structures, include mainly brake unit 1, transmission system as shown in Figs. 1-3
2, driving unit 3 and planetary ring gear 5, wherein transmission system 2 subtract including primary speed-down unit 21, double reduction unit 22, three-level
Fast unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24, wherein primary speed-down unit 21 includes two-stage spur reduction structure, double reduction unit
22 include the first planet row structure and clutch 10, and three-level deceleration unit 23 includes the second planet row structure, level Four deceleration unit
24 include the second planet row structure.It is correspondingly arranged in double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24
Multiple planetary gears with 5 internal messing of planetary ring gear.Brake unit 1 is connected to the transmission end of motor 4.
Brake unit 1, primary speed-down unit 21, double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23, level Four deceleration unit
24, driving unit 3 is fixedly connected as one big module with speed reducer mainframe, and dismounting is easy to maintenance.Wherein, primary speed-down list
Member 21, double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24 this four units are integrally used as deceleration mechanism,
Primary speed-down unit 21 is two-stage spur reduction structure, double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit
24 be planet row structure, can realize the transmission ratio of bigger, and playing the role of, which reduces speed, increases torque, and it is flat to transmit torque
Surely, the torque of bigger can be carried, it is economical and practical, securely and reliably, meet the needs of high-power wheel side speed reducer reduction ratio.Together
When, multiple planetary gears for being correspondingly arranged in double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24 with row
5 internal messing of star gear ring, the multi-stage planetary gear in the prior art that compares need to be correspondingly arranged multiple planetary ring gears, present invention setting
Planetary ring gear 5 so that the structure of entire hub reduction structure is compacter, reliability higher, and structure is more reasonable.Further
Ground, double reduction unit 22 further include clutch 10, the closure by clutch 10 and separation so that 221 He of the first sun gear
First planetary gear 222 connects and separation so that and the total reduction ratio of hub reduction structure changes, and realizes high low or first gear operating,
Preferably applicable working condition requirement.
When it is implemented, by taking speed reducer includes two hub reduction structures as an example, two hub reduction structures are respectively a left side
Hub reduction structure 81 and right wheel side slowing-down structure 82, and the opposite car body of revolver slowing-down structure 82 in slowing-down structure 81 and right wheel
It is centrosymmetrically arranged.By taking revolver side slowing-down structure 81 as an example, brake unit 1 includes being connect with motor 4 by spline housing 11
Brake 12, the inside and outside of spline housing 11 are respectively arranged with internal spline and outer gear piece, motor 4 and level-one driving gear 211
Shaft be meshed with internal spline, internal spline includes left inside spline and right internal spline, and the shaft of motor 4 is nibbled with left inside spline
It closes, the shaft of level-one driving gear 211 is engaged with right internal spline, and brake 12 is meshed with outer gear piece.Brake unit 1 passes through
It unlocks and blocking function realizes vehicle advance, retrogressing, acceleration and deceleration, left steering and right turn function.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, primary speed-down unit 21 includes level-one driving gear 211,212 and of level-one driven gear
Gear hub 213.Wherein, level-one driving gear 211 and 212 external toothing of level-one driven gear, it is fixed on level-one driven gear 212 to connect
It is connected to the gear hub 213 coaxial with level-one driven gear 212, level-one driving gear 211 is by two fixing bearings 215 in left and right
Support, gear hub 213 are supported by the level-one bearing 214 of left and right two, and gear hub 213 passes through bolt 216 and level-one driven gear 212
It is connected, gear hub 213 is meshed by its internal spline with double reduction unit 22, and power is exported to double reduction unit 22.
Double reduction unit 22 includes the first sun gear 221, the first planetary gear 222, first planet carrier 223 and planetary ring gear
5, double reduction unit 22 further includes clutch 10, the gear of the first sun gear 221 and three 222 external toothings of the first planetary gear,
First planetary gear 222 and 5 internal messing of planetary ring gear, planetary ring gear 5 are braked, and first planet carrier 223 exports power.Three the first rows
Star-wheel 222 is arranged in first planet carrier 223, and 223 left end of first planet carrier is supported by secondary bearing 225, first planet carrier
223 left ends are set in by secondary bearing 225 in the shaft of first sun gear 221, and the right end of first planet carrier 223 passes through two level
Spline is engaged with the second sun gear 231, and power is exported to three-level deceleration unit 23.It is contemplated that ground is, the first planetary gear 222
Quantity is including but not limited to three.Clutch 10 is separately connected the first sun gear 221 and the first planetary gear 222, and clutch 10 closes
When conjunction, the first sun gear 221 and the first planetary gear 222 connect integral, and rotating speed is identical；When clutch 10 separates, first
Sun gear 221 and the first respectively operating of planetary gear 222, rotating speed are different.
Three-level deceleration unit 23 includes the second sun gear 231, the second planet carrier 232, the second planetary gear 233 and planetary ring gear
5, the second sun gear 231 and multiple second planetary gear, 233 external toothings, 5 internal messing of the second planetary gear 233 and planetary ring gear, second
Planetary gear 233 is mounted on the second planet carrier 232, and the right end of the second planet carrier 232 passes through three-level spline and third sun gear 241
Engagement, 231 right end of the second sun gear are set in by three-level bearing 234 in shaft, and power is exported to level Four deceleration unit 24, the
The quantity of two planetary gears 233 is including but not limited to three.
Level Four deceleration unit 24 includes third sun gear 241, third planet carrier 242, the third line star-wheel 243 and planetary ring gear
5, third sun gear 241 is engaged by three-level spline with the second planet carrier 232, third sun gear 241 and multiple the third line star-wheels
243 external toothings, 5 internal messing of the third line star-wheel 243 and planetary ring gear, the third line star-wheel 243 are mounted in third planet carrier 242,
5 one end of planetary ring gear is fixed on hub reduction outer housing 101, and third planet carrier 242 exports power to driving unit 3.
Planetary ring gear 5 brake, planetary ring gear 5 simultaneously with the first planetary gear 222, the second planetary gear 233 and the third line star-wheel
243 engagements, third planet carrier 242 are engaged by spline with driving unit 3.
Driving unit 3 includes terminal pad 31, and terminal pad 31 is by driving spline engagement to have sprocket hub 32, sprocket hub 32 to pass through
Bolt 34 is connect with tooth block 33, and sprocket hub 32 is supported on by the bearing 35 for the side that sets within it on hub reduction outer housing 101,
Terminal pad 31 is engaged by spline with third planet carrier 242.Tooth block 33 pushes the operating of speed reducer crawler belt, and tooth block 33 can be common
Type tooth block, can also be wetland type tooth block, and tooth block 33 can slow down singly according to the three-level that needs to be mounted on of structure space and function
The inside of member 23 can also be mounted on the outside of three-level deceleration unit 23 as shown in Figure 2.Driving unit 3 is used as power output
Part drives crawler travel by tooth block 33, realizes speed reducer items walking function.
When it is implemented, motor 4 drives level-one driving gear 211 to rotate under the effect of spline housing 11, level-one driving gear
The level-one driven gear 212 of 211 drives and its external toothing rotates, and kinetic energy is sent to the first sun gear 221 by gear hub 213,
First sun gear, 221 input power exports power by first planet carrier 223 and is transmitted to the second sun gear 231；Planetary ring gear 5 is same
When engaged with the first planetary gear 222, the second planetary gear 233 and the third line star-wheel 243, planetary ring gear 5 brake, unpowered output；
Second sun gear, 231 input power is transmitted to third sun gear 241 by the second planet carrier 232 output power；Third sun gear
241 input powers export power by third planet carrier 242 and the tooth block 33 of driving unit 3 are driven to push crawler belt rotation.
Brake 12 has spring type brake or disk spring type brake, the former is brake open in usual, and the latter is normally closed type
Brake.Normally closed brake refers to when not establishing oil pressure, by disc spring force so that friction plate and external tooth plate closing, establish oil
It is pushed so that friction plate and the separation of outer tooth plate by piston after pressure.Brake open in usual refers to when not establishing oil pressure, by bullet
Spring force makes friction plate and outer tooth plate detach, and is pushed by piston so that friction plate and external tooth plate closing after establishing oil pressure.It is preferred that
Brake 12 be normally closed disk spring type clutch, braking locking refers to friction plate 122 and external tooth in revolver side slowing-down structure 81
Plate 123 is closed；Braking unlock in the present invention refers to that friction plate 122 and outer tooth plate 123 detach.
Preferably, brake 12 includes the brake casing 121 for being provided with braking cavity, and braking cavity is set in spline housing
On 11, brake empty intracavitary is disposed with the friction plate being meshed with the external tooth of spline housing 11 along the radial from-inner-to-outer of spline housing 11
122, outer tooth plate 123 and the ring gear 124 being meshed with outer tooth plate 123, friction plate 122, outer tooth plate 123 and ring gear 124
Side is pressed on hub reduction outer housing 101, and the other side has compressed pressing plate 125, and the outside of pressing plate 125 has compressed disc spring 126,
The outside of disc spring 126 is pressed on brake casing 121, and pressing plate 125 is connected to by baffle ring 129 on piston 127, piston 127
It is set in the outside of spline housing 11 and along 11 axial stretching of spline housing, the top of ring gear 124 and disc spring 126 is each attached to brake
On shell 121, the circular hole that bolt passes through can be accommodated by being offered on ring gear 124, and ring gear 124, brake casing 121 pass through
Washer and bolt are fixed on hub reduction outer housing 101.
When it is implemented, motor 4 is bolted on hub reduction outer housing, motor 4 and brake casing 121 it
Between be tightly connected by the first sealing ring 43, the right upper portion of brake casing 121 by screw or has been bolted respirator
128, there is hydraulic pressure oil duct inside brake casing 121, passes through between the braking cavity in brake casing 121 and piston 127
Two sealing rings 1271 and Glais ring 1272 seal, and the second sealing ring 1271 is located in the seal groove of brake casing 121, Glais ring
1272 are located in the seal groove of piston 127, and the left side of pressing plate 125 is provided with baffle ring 129, and baffle ring 129 is located at the left end of piston 127
In peripheral groove, the quantity of friction plate 122 and outer tooth plate 123 is determined according to the size of required brake force, is offered on ring gear 124
The circular hole that bolt passes through can be accommodated, ring gear 124, brake casing 121 are fixed on by washer and bolt outside hub reduction
On shell 101, the right side of fixing bearing 215 is additionally provided with adjust pad 2151 and adjustment plate 2152, and adjust pad 2151 is used for
The end-play of level-one bearing 214 is adjusted, adjustment plate 2152 and adjust pad 2151 are bolted on outer housing.
When 121 right side of brake casing is full of pressure oil, piston 127 moves to right band dynamic pressure plate 125 and moves to right, and pressing plate 125 pushes away
Dynamic disc spring 126 is compressed, and friction plate 122 is detached with outer tooth plate 123, and friction plate 122 is fixed on level-one master by gear engagement at this time
On moving gear 211, friction plate 122 dallies at this time, and the brake 12 that control power transmits unlocks, and does not play braking action；Work as braking
After the 121 right side hydraulic oil unloading of device shell, disc spring 126 pushes piston 127 to move to left, piston 127 under the action of own resilience
It moves to left band dynamic pressure plate 125 to move to left, friction plate 122 has been combined braking action, the brake 12 that control power transmits with outer tooth plate 123
Locking, due to outer tooth plate 123 and 124 internal messing of ring gear, and ring gear 124 is fixed by washer and bolt with outer housing and is connected
It connects, therefore, the power that motor 4 transmits cannot be transmitted to level-one driving gear 211, and power, which transmits, to be cut off.
Preferred clutch 10 is normally opened spring-type clutches, and clutch closure refers to two in left side hub reduction structure 81
Friction plate in grade deceleration and external tooth plate closing.Clutch separation in the present invention refers to friction plate and the separation of outer tooth plate, the feelings
Condition is known as clutch unlock.Clutch separation is also to overcome spring force that friction plate and outer tooth plate are detached by establishing oil pressure,
When clutch closure does not have oil pressure, spring force makes friction plate and external tooth plate closing, which is known as clutch locking.This hair
It is bright no longer to illustrate to concrete structure, high and low shift, which illustrates, only to be realized to applicable working condition and speed reducer.When vehicle zero load is transported
When row or load are smaller, when needing high speed to save time and oil consumption, such case is known as light duty (following phase
Together), in double reduction unit 22 clutch 10 friction plate and external tooth plate closing, the first sun gear of double reduction unit 22
221 is identical with 222 rotating speed of first planet carrier, and the reduction ratio of double reduction is 1, and the hub reduction of vehicle for level-one always than subtracting at this time
Speed, three-level are slowed down and level Four is slowed down, and total reduction ratio is small；And in one timing of engine output, running velocity is higher；When
When vehicle carries out earthwork, such case needs low velocity and high torque to export, and such case is known as severe duty (following phase
Together), the friction plate of clutch 10 and the separation of outer tooth plate, the first sun gear of double reduction unit 22 in double reduction unit 22
221 is different with 222 rotating speed of first planet carrier, and the reduction ratio of double reduction is not equal to 1, and the hub reduction of vehicle is always than being one at this time
Grade deceleration, double reduction, three-level is slowed down and level Four is slowed down, and total reduction ratio is big, and in one timing of engine output, vehicle fortune
Scanning frequency degree is relatively low, and output torque is larger.Revolver side slowing-down structure 81 when it is implemented, the reduction ratio set in order to obtain, according to
Structure is calculated accordingly, if the number of teeth of level-one driving gear 211 is Z1, the number of teeth of level-one driven gear 212 is Z2, then
One-stage gear power transmits transmission ratioNegative sign represents power, and to output and input rotary speed direction opposite.
According to planet row principle, third planet arranges formula：ns3+α3nr3-(1+α3)nc3=0, in formula：ns3Too for third
Positive wheel speed；nr3For third planet gear ring rotating speed, since the first planetary ring gear, the second planetary ring gear, third planet gear ring are same
One part and planetary ring gear rotating speed nr1And it brakes；nc3For third planet carrier rotating speed；α3Characterisitic parameter, gear ring tooth are arranged for third planet
The ratio between number and the third sun gear number of teeth are α3=Zq1/Zt3；Due to planetary ring gear braking and nr3=0, then third planet row's is dynamic
Power transmits transmission ratio：
Similarly, according to planet row principle, the second planetary-arranged formula：ns2+αnr2-(1+α2)nc2=0, in formula：ns2It is
Two sun wheel speeds；nr2For planetary ring gear rotating speed, since the first planetary ring gear, the second planetary ring gear, third planet gear ring are same
One part and planetary ring gear rotating speed nr1And it brakes；nc2For the second planet carrier rotating speed；α2For the second planet row characterisitic parameter, planet tooth
It is α to enclose the ratio between the number of teeth and the second sun gear number of teeth2=Zq1/Zt2；Due to planetary ring gear braking and nr2=0, then the second planet row
Power transmit transmission ratio：
Similarly, according to planet row principle, the first planetary-arranged formula：ns1+αnr1-(1+α1)nc1=0, in formula：ns1It is
One sun wheel speed；nr1For planetary ring gear rotating speed；nc1For first planet carrier rotating speed；α1For the first planet row characterisitic parameter, planet
The ratio between the gear ring number of teeth and the first sun gear number of teeth are α1=Zq1/Zt1.Due to planetary ring gear braking and nr1=0.In severe duty
Under, clutch friction plate and outer tooth plate detach, then the power of the first planet row transmits transmission ratio：
Under light duty, clutch friction plate and external tooth plate closing, the first sun gear and first planet carrier rotating speed of the first planet row
Identical, power transmits transmission ratio and is equal to 1.
By Such analysis, 6 spline engagement of gear hub 23 and the first sun gear, the two rotating speed is identical；223 He of first planet carrier
Second sun gear, 231 spline engagement, the two rotating speed are identical；Planetary ring gear 5 simultaneously with the first planetary gear 222, the second planetary gear 233
It engages and brakes with the third line star-wheel 243, third planet carrier 241 is identical as 33 rotating speed of tooth block.Then under severe duty, left side wheels
Side slow down total reduction ratio be：
Then under light duty, the total reduction ratio of left side hub reduction is：
Under case of heavy load, symbol description is carried out for the total reduction ratio of hub reduction structure,Negative sign represents power, and to output and input rotary speed direction opposite.
Wherein Z1For the number of teeth of level-one driving gear 211, Z2The number of teeth, Z for level-one driven gear 212t1For the tooth of the first sun gear 221
Number, Zq1The number of teeth, Z for planetary ring gear 5t2The number of teeth, Z for the second sun gear 231t3For the number of teeth of third sun gear 241.
Therefore by adjusting level-one driving gear 211, level-one driven gear 212, the first sun gear in above-mentioned formula
221, planetary ring gear 5, the second sun gear 231 and third sun gear 241 correspond to the number of teeth to realize the reduction ratio of setting, meet big horse
The needs of power speed reducer deceleration torque.
In the first planet row that clutch in present invention citing is arranged in double reduction, naturally it is also possible to be arranged three
In third planet row in the second planet row in grade deceleration or in level Four deceleration.The present invention is not limited to particular implementations here
Example can carry out various apparent variations, readjust and substitute without departing from the present invention for a person skilled in the art
Protection domain.
Embodiment 2
The present invention also provides a kind of speed reducers, such as walking of Fig. 5 speed reducers to manipulate shown in schematic diagram, including：It provides dynamic
Engine 61, shaft coupling 62 and the pump 7 for being connected with motor 4 of power output, shaft coupling 62 are separately connected engine 61 and pump 7, horse
It is connected with corresponding hub reduction structure up to 4.Pump 7 and motor 4 constitute enclosed vibration hydraulic system.I.e. fluid is in pump 7 and motor 4
Between circulate, the torque that engine 61 provides 7 is converted into high-voltage oil liquid by pump, and high-voltage oil liquid transfers energy to motor
4, oil stream is then again converted to torque come drive chain wheel hub 33 by motor 4, pushes crawler travel.
Preferably, speed reducer includes revolver slowing-down structure 82 in slowing-down structure 81 and right wheel, and pump 7 pumps 71 with before after including
Pump 72, motor 4 include left motor 41 and right motor 42, and pump 71 and front pump 72 after shaft coupling 62 is separately connected, 71 connection of pump is left afterwards
Motor 41, left motor 41 connect revolver side slowing-down structure 81, and front pump 72 connects right motor 42, and right motor 42 connects right hub reduction
Structure 82.
Speed reducer walking states have advance, retrogressing, steering to the left, the to the right states such as steering, according to the discharge capacity of motor 4, vehicle
Speed has advance to accelerate, advance is slowed down, retrogressing accelerates and retreats the states such as deceleration.Fig. 4-5 is speed reducer structure figure, and speed reducer also wraps
Controller 9 is included, controller 9 is separately connected walking handle 91 and display 92, pump 71 and front pump 72 after controller 9 is separately connected.
Walking handle 91 sends out instruction, the instructions such as advance, retrogressing, acceleration and deceleration, left steering, right turn；92 simultaneous display of display is current
Gear, speed etc.；Controller 9 receives instruction, carries out operation, input control instruction.
As shown in the structural schematic diagram of Fig. 4 speed reducers, front pump 72 is connect by vibration hydraulic system with right motor 42, right horse
It is connect up to 42 with right wheel side slowing-down structure 82, right motor 42 and the right brake locking that is additionally provided with of right wheel side slowing-down structure 82 are sentenced
Disconnected module 94 realizes that power is transmitted and cut off by open locking；Pump 71 is connect by vibration hydraulic system with left motor 41 afterwards, left
Motor 41 is connect with revolver side slowing-down structure 81, has left brake locking to judge between left motor 41 and revolver side slowing-down structure 81
Module 93 realizes that power is transmitted and cut off by open locking.Brake 12 includes left brake and right brake, wherein left system
Dynamic device connects left brake lock modules 93, and right brake connects right brake lock modules 94, when pump 7 and motor 4 receive control
The instruction of device 9 processed is completed to advance, is retreated, added by discharge capacity extremely walking 91 setting value of handle of solenoid valve control pump 7, motor 4
Slow down, the realization of left steering and right turn function.
Fig. 6 is that the walking for the speed reducer that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides manipulates open locking operating process schematic diagram.When walking hand
When handle 91 is in neutral gear car locking or flameout state, left brake and right brake are latched, when walking handle 91 is in neutral gear
When car locking bar is opened, left brake and right brake unlock；Otherwise, when walk handle 91 be in advance when, left brake and
Right brake unlocks；When handle 91 of walking, which is in, to be retreated, left brake and right brake unlock；At walking handle 91
When left steering, left brake locking, right brake unlock；When handle 91 of walking is in right turn, left brake unlock is right
Brake is latched.
Fig. 7 is the walking controlled clutch open locking flow diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides, and speed reducer is in neutral gear
Under (no matter whether car locking bar is opened), flame-out and light duty, left and right clutch is in unlocked state, and speed reducer is in heavily loaded work
Under condition, left and right clutch is in blocking.
To sum up, brake unit 1, primary speed-down unit 21, double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four subtract
Fast unit 24 is fixedly connected as one big module with speed reducer mainframe, and dismounting is easy to maintenance；Primary speed-down unit 21, two level
Deceleration unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24 these three units are integrally used as deceleration mechanism, primary speed-down
Unit 21 is two-stage spur reduction structure, and double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24 are row
Star arranges structure, and double reduction unit 22 further includes clutch 10, can realize the transmission ratio of bigger, and playing, which reduces speed, increases torsion
The effect of square, transmission torque is steady, can carry the torque of bigger, economical and practical, securely and reliably, meets high-power hub reduction
The demand of machine reduction ratio.It is correspondingly arranged in double reduction unit 22, three-level deceleration unit 23 and level Four deceleration unit 24 multiple
With 5 internal messing of planetary ring gear, the multi-stage planetary gear in the prior art that compares needs to be correspondingly arranged multiple planet teeth planetary gear
Circle, the planetary ring gear 5 that the present invention is arranged so that the structure of entire hub reduction structure is compacter, and reliability higher, structure is more
Adduction is managed；Simultaneously pass through be arranged clutch so that speed reducer can high and low shift operating, can preferably adapt to working condition requirement.This
The speed reducer that invention proposes can be applied in the engineering machinery such as bull-dozer, land leveller.
Note that above are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The present invention is not limited to specific embodiments here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation, again
Adjustment and replacement are without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although by above example to the present invention carried out compared with
For detailed description, but the present invention is not limited only to above example, without departing from the inventive concept, can be with
Including other more equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is determined by scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of hub reduction structure, which is characterized in that including sequentially connected brake unit (1), transmission system (2) and drive
Moving cell (3), the brake unit (1) are connected to the output end of motor (4), and the transmission system (2) includes primary speed-down
Unit (21), double reduction unit (22), three-level deceleration unit (23) and level Four deceleration unit (24), the primary speed-down unit
(21) include two-stage spur reduction structure, the double reduction unit (22) include the first planetary ring gear and clutch, described three
Grade deceleration unit (23) includes the second planetary ring gear, and the level Four deceleration unit (24) includes third planet gear ring；And
The planetary ring gear (5) that first planetary ring gear, the second planetary ring gear, third planet gear ring are formed as an integrated structure, the row
Star gear ring (5) and the multiple planetary gear internal messings being correspondingly arranged.
2. hub reduction structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the primary speed-down unit (21) includes level-one
Driving gear (211), level-one driven gear (212) and gear hub (213), the level-one driving gear (211) and level-one are passive
Gear (212) external toothing is fixedly connected with the tooth coaxial with the level-one driven gear (212) on level-one driven gear (212)
Wheel hub (213), the level-one driving gear (211) is by fixing bearing (215) support of left and right two, the gear hub (213)
By level-one bearing (214) support of left and right two, the gear hub (213) connect with the level-one driven gear (212), described
Gear hub (213) exports power to the double reduction unit (22).
3. hub reduction structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the double reduction unit (22) includes first
Sun gear (221), the first planetary gear (222), first planet carrier (223) and planetary ring gear (5), the double reduction unit (22)
Further include clutch (10), first sun gear (221) is engaged with gear hub (213), the tooth of first sun gear (221)
Wheel and multiple first planetary gear (222) external toothings, first planetary gear (222) and the planetary ring gear (5) internal messing, it is described
First planetary gear (222) is arranged in first planet carrier (223), and the clutch (10) is separately connected the first sun gear (221)
With the first planetary gear (222), when clutch (10) are closed, the first sun gear (221) and the first planetary gear (222) form entirety
And same rotation speed operation, when clutch (10) separate, the first sun gear (221) and the first planetary gear (222) are seperated and respectively transport
Turn, the first planet carrier (223) exports power to three-level deceleration unit (23).
4. hub reduction structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the clutch (10) be include friction plate and
Outer gear piece, the clutch (10) are to realize to be closed and detach by friction plate and outer tooth plate.
5. hub reduction structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the three-level deceleration unit (23) includes second
Sun gear (231), the second planet carrier (232), the second planetary gear (233) and planetary ring gear (5), second sun gear (231)
It is engaged with first planet carrier (223), second sun gear (231) and multiple second planetary gear (233) external toothings, described second
There is three-level bearing (234) support on the inside of sun gear (231), is nibbled in second planetary gear (233) and the planetary ring gear (5)
It closes, second planetary gear (233) is mounted on the second planet carrier (232), and second planet carrier (232) is slowed down single to level Four
First (24) export power.
6. hub reduction structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the level Four deceleration unit (24) includes third
Sun gear (241), third planet carrier (242), the third line star-wheel (243) and planetary ring gear (5), the third sun gear (241)
It is engaged with the second planet carrier (232), the third sun gear (241) and multiple the third line star-wheel (243) external toothings, the third
Planetary gear (243) and the planetary ring gear (5) internal messing, the third line star-wheel (243) are mounted on third planet carrier (242)
On, described planetary ring gear (5) one end is fixed on hub reduction outer housing (101), and the third planet carrier (242) is single to driving
First (3) export power.
7. hub reduction structure according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the driving unit (3) includes terminal pad
(31), the terminal pad (31) is by driving spline engagement to have a sprocket hub (32), the sprocket hub (32) by bolt (34) with
Tooth block (33) connects, and the sprocket hub (32) is supported on hub reduction outer housing by the bearing (35) for the side that sets within it
(101) on, the terminal pad (31) is engaged by spline with third planet carrier (242).
8. hub reduction structure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the tooth block (33) is located at three-level deceleration unit
(23) inner or outer side.
9. hub reduction structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the brake unit (1) includes passing through flower
The brake (12) that key set (11) is connect with motor (4), the inside and outside of spline housing (11) are respectively arranged with internal spline
With outer gear piece, the shaft of the motor (4) and level-one driving gear (211) is meshed with internal spline, the brake (12)
It is meshed with outer gear piece.
10. hub reduction structure according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the brake (12) includes being provided with system
The brake casing (121) of dynamic cavity, the braking cavity are set on spline housing (11), and the brake empty intracavitary is along spline housing
(11) radial from-inner-to-outer is disposed with the friction plate (122) being meshed with the outer gear piece of spline housing (11), outer tooth plate (123)
With the ring gear (124) being meshed with outer tooth plate (123), the friction plate (122), outer tooth plate (123) and ring gear (124)
Side is pressed on hub reduction outer housing (101), and the other side has compressed pressing plate (125), is compressed on the outside of the pressing plate (125)
There are disc spring (126), the pressing plate (125) to be connected on piston (127) by baffle ring (129), the piston (127) is set in flower
Key set (11) is external and along spline housing (11) axial stretching, and the top of the ring gear (124) and disc spring (126) is each attached to system
On dynamic device shell (121), the ring gear (124), brake casing (121) are fixed on hub reduction outer housing (101).
11. a kind of speed reducer, which is characterized in that including：The engine (61) of power output, shaft coupling (62) are provided and are connected with
The pump (7) of motor (4), the shaft coupling (62) are separately connected engine (61) and pump (7), and the motor (4) is connected at least
One such as claim 1-10 any one of them hub reduction structures.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810777589.4A CN108662091B (en) | 2018-07-16 | 2018-07-16 | Novel hub reduction structure and speed reducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810777589.4A CN108662091B (en) | 2018-07-16 | 2018-07-16 | Novel hub reduction structure and speed reducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108662091A true CN108662091A (en) | 2018-10-16 |
| CN108662091B CN108662091B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
Family
ID=63789158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810777589.4A Active CN108662091B (en) | 2018-07-16 | 2018-07-16 | Novel hub reduction structure and speed reducer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108662091B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112211965A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-12 | 重庆清平机械有限责任公司 | Wheel-side speed reducing structure with diaphragm clutch |
| CN112723208A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 青岛核工机械有限公司 | Speed reducer capable of realizing vertical displacement wave compensation function |
| CN114483928A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Main driving speed reducer of high-speed shield machine |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19938323A1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-15 | Alpha Getriebebau Gmbh | Planetary gear train has four planet wheels in individual gear stages for high torque transmission and increased stiffness |
| EP1212547A1 (en) * | 1999-12-04 | 2002-06-12 | Alpha Getriebebau GmbH | Multi-step gearbox |
| CN203214786U (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-09-25 | 沈观耕 | Planetary gear speed reducer with quaternary planet carrier mechanism |
| CN106641161A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-10 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Final transmission structure and bulldozer |
| CN206449162U (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-08-29 | 徐西玲 | A kind of epicyclic transmission mechanism of variable transmission chain |
-
2018
- 2018-07-16 CN CN201810777589.4A patent/CN108662091B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19938323A1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-15 | Alpha Getriebebau Gmbh | Planetary gear train has four planet wheels in individual gear stages for high torque transmission and increased stiffness |
| EP1212547A1 (en) * | 1999-12-04 | 2002-06-12 | Alpha Getriebebau GmbH | Multi-step gearbox |
| CN203214786U (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-09-25 | 沈观耕 | Planetary gear speed reducer with quaternary planet carrier mechanism |
| CN206449162U (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-08-29 | 徐西玲 | A kind of epicyclic transmission mechanism of variable transmission chain |
| CN106641161A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-10 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Final transmission structure and bulldozer |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112211965A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-12 | 重庆清平机械有限责任公司 | Wheel-side speed reducing structure with diaphragm clutch |
| CN112211965B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-08-22 | 重庆清平机械有限责任公司 | Wheel side speed reducing structure with diaphragm clutch |
| CN112723208A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 青岛核工机械有限公司 | Speed reducer capable of realizing vertical displacement wave compensation function |
| CN112723208B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-07-15 | 青岛核工机械有限公司 | Speed reducer capable of realizing vertical displacement wave compensation function |
| CN114483928A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Main driving speed reducer of high-speed shield machine |
| CN114483928B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-07-25 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Main drive speed reducer of high-speed shield tunneling machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108662091B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102009590B (en) | Electric stepless speed changer with three-gear speed change function and power drive mode thereof | |
| US8758179B2 (en) | Electrically-variable transmission for a vehicle | |
| CN108662091A (en) | A kind of Novel wheel-side slowing-down structure and speed reducer | |
| CN101956787B (en) | Traveling speed reducer for crane | |
| JP2009269605A (en) | Drive system for automobile equipped with switchable secondary axle | |
| CN107023613B (en) | High-low gear switching device, transfer case and vehicle | |
| CN112752666A (en) | Drive device for an electric drive axle of a motor vehicle | |
| US20040220009A1 (en) | Transfer case with overdrive/underdrive shifting | |
| KR20080093446A (en) | Differential with planetary gearing | |
| CN201747870U (en) | Walking speed reducer for crane | |
| US8740741B2 (en) | Effective cooling system for limited slip differential assembly | |
| CN201045403Y (en) | Mixed power vehicle double input planetary gear train | |
| CN106641161B (en) | A kind of end drive mechanism and bull-dozer | |
| CN102619939B (en) | Centrifugal force controlled planet gear stepless transmission | |
| CN106926683A (en) | A kind of electromechanical combined stepless gear system of vehicle and method | |
| CN109139853A (en) | A kind of end drive mechanism, bull-dozer and Servo Control method | |
| CN201208954Y (en) | Rotary planet reduction machine with external braking | |
| CN113165499A (en) | Transmission assembly for hybrid drive | |
| CN100516590C (en) | Gear box with built-in braking system | |
| US6612956B2 (en) | Front-rear axle driving torque transmission apparatus | |
| CN115923493A (en) | Distributed coaxial electric drive bridge suitable for new energy commercial vehicle | |
| CN104948708B (en) | Stepless servo driver, stepless speed change device formed based on stepless servo driver and speed change method | |
| CN113518872B (en) | Turnover speed reducer for hub and vehicle | |
| CN106090150A (en) | The variable RV reductor of speed reducing ratio | |
| CN109973592A (en) | A kind of compact type large power pressure break planetary reduction gear |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |