CN107023613B - High-low gear switching device, transfer case and vehicle - Google Patents

High-low gear switching device, transfer case and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107023613B
CN107023613B CN201610064007.9A CN201610064007A CN107023613B CN 107023613 B CN107023613 B CN 107023613B CN 201610064007 A CN201610064007 A CN 201610064007A CN 107023613 B CN107023613 B CN 107023613B
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
differential
output shaft
planet carrier
planet
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CN107023613A (en
Inventor
陈峥光
梁学礼
郭静
王章钊
韩启锋
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Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
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Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B60K17/346—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F16H37/082—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft and additional planetary reduction gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/24—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using positive clutches or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0424—Lubricant guiding means in the wall of or integrated with the casing, e.g. grooves, channels, holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0473—Friction devices, e.g. clutches or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H57/0483—Axle or inter-axle differentials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0487—Friction gearings
    • F16H57/0489—Friction gearings with endless flexible members, e.g. belt CVTs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H57/082—Planet carriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. dog clutches or other means establishing coupling to shaft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transfer cases, and relates to a high-low gear switching device, a transfer case and a vehicle. The high-low gear switching device comprises a planetary gear mechanism and a fixing frame, wherein the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear sun gear which can be fixedly arranged on an input shaft, and a gear planet gear which is radially and outwards arranged in sequence, a gear ring gear and a gear sleeve, the gear planet gear is provided with a gear planet carrier used for outputting power, the gear sleeve can axially move to enable the gear ring gear to be locked to realize low-gear power output by being jointed with the fixing frame, or the gear sleeve can axially move to enable the gear ring gear to be fixedly connected with the gear planet carrier to realize high-gear power output by being jointed with the gear planet carrier, so that the gear sleeve of the planetary gear mechanism can be utilized to combine different parts, and high-low gear switching is realized in the advancing process of a vehicle.

Description

High-low gear switching device, transfer case and vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transfer cases, in particular to a high-low gear switching device, a transfer case with the high-low gear switching device and a vehicle with the transfer case.
Background
With the increasing requirements of consumers on the automobile handling performance and the off-road performance, the automobile industry is rapidly developed, and the four-wheel drive technology of the vehicle is continuously improved. At present, vehicles of high-end vehicles and vehicles with off-road requirements all adopt a four-wheel drive structure, so that power output by a transmission is distributed to a front axle and a rear axle according to a required proportion through a transfer case, four wheels and the ground have driving force, and the control performance and the passing performance of the vehicles are improved.
In actual driving of the vehicle, the transfer case needs to select a specific output mode according to a specific driving road condition, for example, during climbing, the transfer case needs to transmit the distributed power at a high gear, and under a flat road condition, the transfer case generally needs to transmit the distributed power at a high gear, so that the high gear and the low gear need to be switched at any time. At present, the high-low gear in the transfer case generally adopts spline connection, when shifting gears, the vehicle needs to be stopped for switching, if the vehicle is not stable, the gears are switched, the gear beating phenomenon often occurs, the mechanical structure in the transfer case is subjected to heavier abrasion or damage, the normal running is influenced, and the service life of the transfer case is shortened.
In addition, some transfer cases of the prior art are not provided with a central differential mechanism, but distribute the torque between the front axle and the rear axle by a wet multi-plate clutch, when the vehicle normally runs, the two-drive state is basically realized, the four-drive mode needs the rotation speed difference between the axles to activate, the mechanism action has certain hysteresis, the torque distribution is limited by the clutch capacity, and meanwhile, the power distributed between the front axle and the rear axle cannot be continuously maintained
In addition, some transfer cases in the prior art adopt the Torsen differential mechanism knot as a central differential mechanism, however, the requirements on the part machining precision of the Torsen differential mechanism knot are high, the structure is complex, the production cost is high, the transfer case is mainly applied to high-end vehicle types, and the application range of the transfer case is limited due to the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a high-low gear shifting device, which can use a gear sleeve of a planetary gear mechanism to combine different components to realize high-low gear shifting during the traveling of a vehicle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a high-low gear auto-change over device, high-low gear auto-change over device includes planetary gear mechanism and mount, wherein, planetary gear mechanism is including keeping off the position sun gear that can fix the setting on the input shaft and radially outwards arranging in proper order keeps off the position planet wheel, keeps off the position ring gear and keeps off the position tooth cover, keep off the position planet wheel and be provided with the fender position planet carrier that is used for exporting power, wherein, keep off the position tooth cover can axial motion, in order to can with the mount joint makes keep off the position ring gear and be locked and realize low gear power output, perhaps, keep off the position tooth cover and can axial motion, in order can with the fender position planet carrier joint makes keep off the position ring gear with keep off position planet carrier fixed connection and realize high gear power output.
Compared with the prior art, in the high-low gear switching device, when the gear sleeve is connected with the fixed frame, the gear ring gear is locked and cannot rotate, at the moment, power is input by the gear sun gear, passes through the gear planet gear and is output by the gear planet carrier, so that the power output of a low gear is realized, when the gear sleeve is connected with the gear planet carrier, the gear ring gear is fixedly connected with the gear planet carrier, at the moment, power is input by the gear sun gear, the gear planet gear transmits one part of power to the gear planet carrier, at the same time, the gear planet gear transmits the other part of power to the gear planet carrier after passing through the gear ring gear and the gear sleeve, and finally the two parts of power are uniformly output by the gear planet carrier, so that the planetary gear mechanism operates as a whole to realize the power output of a high gear, and different parts are combined through the axial movement of the gear sleeve, meanwhile, the meshing relation among the gear sun gear, the gear planet gear and the gear ring gear is matched, so that the high and low gears are switched in the advancing process of the vehicle, and the vehicle has good reliability and stability.
Furthermore, the fixed frame and the gear planet carrier are respectively provided with joint teeth, and the gear tooth sleeves are respectively jointed with the fixed frame or the gear planet carrier through corresponding synchronizing rings.
Furthermore, an annular groove for accommodating a high-low gear shifting fork is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the gear sleeve.
In addition, the invention also provides a transfer case, which comprises a rear output shaft, a front output shaft, a differential mechanism and any one of the high-low gear switching devices, wherein one output part of the differential mechanism is in transmission connection with the rear output shaft, the other output part of the differential mechanism is in transmission connection with the front output shaft through a chain wheel mechanism, and the differential mechanism receives power transmitted by the gear carrier and distributes the received power to the front output shaft and the rear output shaft according to requirements.
As described above, according to the high-low gear switching device of the present invention, the transfer case of the present invention can switch the high-low gear during the traveling of the vehicle, so that the high-low gear power supplied from the high-low gear switching device is stably and reliably distributed to the front output shaft and the rear output shaft by the differential mechanism, thereby supplying the vehicle with the required driving force.
Further, the differential mechanism comprises a differential sun wheel, a differential planet wheel and a differential gear ring which are sequentially and radially arranged outwards, the differential planet wheel is provided with a differential planet carrier, wherein,
the differential planet carrier is in transmission connection with the gear planet carrier, the differential sun gear is in transmission connection with the front output shaft through the chain wheel mechanism, and the differential gear ring is in transmission connection with the rear output shaft;
or,
the differential ring gear with keep off the position planet carrier transmission and be connected, the differential planet carrier passes through sprocket mechanism with preceding output shaft transmission is connected, the differential sun gear with back output shaft transmission is connected.
Further, the transfer case further includes a differential lock capable of locking the differential mechanism so as not to differentiate the front output shaft and the rear output shaft.
Still further, the differential lock includes a differential lock splined hub and a differential lock toothed sleeve, wherein,
the differential lock spline hub is fixedly connected with a differential sun gear and a driving sprocket of the sprocket mechanism, and the differential lock gear sleeve can axially move under the driving of a differential lock shifting fork to fix the differential planet carrier and the differential lock spline hub;
or,
differential lock spline hub and differential planet carrier with sprocket mechanism's drive sprocket fixed connection, the differential lock tooth cover can be under the drive of differential lock shift fork axial motion with differential ring gear with differential lock spline hub is fixed.
In addition, the transfer case also comprises a torque adjusting mechanism, the torque adjusting mechanism comprises a clutch outer hub in transmission connection with a driving chain wheel of the chain wheel mechanism, a clutch inner hub fixedly connected with the rear output shaft, and a front cam disc and a rear cam disc which are simultaneously sleeved on the rear output shaft in an empty way, wherein,
the rear cam disc can rotate to adjust the rotation angle, and the front cam disc is forced to move axially along the guide shaft so as to press and control the compression degree of the clutch outer hub and the clutch inner hub.
Further, the transfer case further comprises a casing and a lubricating system, wherein a lubricating oil path is formed on the inner surface of the casing, and the gear carrier drives the lubricating system to guide lubricating oil to the planetary gear mechanism, the differential mechanism, the sprocket mechanism and the torque adjusting mechanism through the lubricating oil path.
In addition, the invention also provides a vehicle which is provided with the transfer case.
Thus, the vehicle can conveniently switch high and low gears during traveling through the transfer case, and has required good four-wheel drive power.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transfer case according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a high-low gear switching device of the present invention is shown;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another transfer case according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-fixed frame, 2-input shaft, 3-gear sun gear, 4-gear planet gear, 5-gear ring gear, 6-gear toothed sleeve, 7-gear planet carrier, 8-engaging gear, 9-synchronizing ring, 10-high-low gear shift fork, 11-annular groove, 12-rear output shaft, 13-front output shaft, 14-differential mechanism, 15-sprocket mechanism, 16-differential sun gear, 17-gear planet carrier, 18-differential ring gear, 19-differential planet carrier, 20-differential lock, 21-differential lock splined hub, 22-differential lock toothed sleeve, 23-driving sprocket, 24-differential lock shift fork, 25-torque adjusting mechanism, 26-clutch outer hub, 27-clutch inner hub, 29-front cam disk, 30-rear cam disc, 31-guide shaft, 32-shell, 33-lubricating system, 34-shifting hub, 35-shifting motor, 37-driven chain wheel, 38-chain, 39-driving motor and 40-transmission gear.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transfer case according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the high-low gear shifting device of the present invention includes a planetary gear mechanism and a fixed frame 1, as shown in fig. 1, the fixed frame 1 is relatively fixedly disposed on a housing 32, wherein the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear sun gear 3 which can be fixedly arranged on the input shaft 2, and a gear planet gear 4, a gear ring gear 5 and a gear tooth sleeve 6 which are sequentially and radially outwards arranged, the gear planet gear 4 is provided with a gear planet carrier 7 for outputting power, wherein, the gear tooth sleeve 6 can move axially, for example, the gear tooth sleeve can move axially under the action of a high-low gear shifting fork 10, so as to be able to engage with the fixed frame 1 such that the gear ring gear 5 is locked for low gear power output, alternatively, the gear sleeve 6 can be moved axially in order to be able to engage with the gear carrier 7 so that the gear ring gear 5 is fixedly connected with the gear carrier 7 for high gear power output.
In the technical scheme, when the gear sleeve 6 is connected with the fixed frame 1, the gear ring gear 5 is locked and can not rotate, at the moment, power is input by the gear sun gear 3 and is output by the gear planet gear 4 through the gear planet carrier 7 to realize power output of a low gear, when the gear sleeve 6 is connected with the gear planet carrier 7, the gear ring gear 5 is fixedly connected with the gear planet carrier 7, at the moment, power is input by the gear sun gear 3, the gear planet gear 4 transmits one part of power to the gear planet carrier 7, meanwhile, the gear planet gear 4 transmits the other part of power to the gear planet carrier 7 after passing through the gear ring gear 5 and the gear sleeve 6, and finally the two parts of power are output by the gear planet carrier 7 in a unified mode, so that the planetary gear mechanism operates as a whole to realize power output of a high gear, therefore, different parts are combined through axial movement of the gear sleeve 6, meanwhile, the meshing relation among the gear sun gear 3, the gear planet gear 4 and the gear ring gear 5 is matched, so that high and low gears are switched according to requirements in the advancing process of the vehicle, namely, the dynamic gear adjustment of the vehicle is realized, and the vehicle has good reliability and stability.
Further, in order to facilitate the gear sleeve 6 to be reliably engaged with the fixed frame 1 and the gear carrier 7, it is preferable that, as shown in fig. 1, engaging teeth 8 are formed on the fixed frame 1 and the gear carrier 7, respectively, and corresponding engaging teeth are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the gear sleeve 6 and can be engaged with the fixed frame 1 or the gear carrier 7 through respective corresponding synchronizing rings 9, respectively, so that the rotational speed of the gear sleeve 6 can be gradually synchronized with the fixed frame 1 and the gear carrier 7 through the synchronizing rings 9 to improve the reliability of engagement and significantly reduce the impact due to the non-synchronization of the rotational speeds when they are engaged therebetween.
As described above, the gear sleeve 6 can move axially, so that, in a preferred structure, the gear sleeve 6 can be driven by the high-low shift fork 10, as shown in fig. 1, an annular groove 11 for accommodating the high-low shift fork 10 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the gear sleeve 6, so that the high-low shift fork 10 is accommodated and fitted in the annular groove 11, and thus the shift motor 35 drives the shift hub 34, and the shift hub 34 drives the high-low shift fork 10 to move axially through the shift track thereon and further drives the gear sleeve 6 to move axially, thereby realizing the switching of the high-low shift.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention further provides a transfer case, which comprises a rear output shaft 12 and a front output shaft 13, a differential mechanism 14 and any of the above-mentioned high-low gear switching devices, wherein one output member of the differential mechanism 14 is in transmission connection with the rear output shaft 12, and the other output member of the differential mechanism 14 is in transmission connection with the front output shaft 13 through a sprocket mechanism 15, and wherein the differential mechanism 14 receives power transmitted by the gear carrier 7 and distributes the received power to the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 as required.
Thus, the transfer case of the present invention can perform the high-low gear shift during the traveling of the vehicle, so that the high-low gear power provided by the high-low gear shift device is stably and reliably distributed to the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 through the differential mechanism 14, and the required driving force is provided for the vehicle.
To this end, the differential mechanism of the invention preferably employs a planetary gear mechanism, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the differential mechanism 14 includes a differential sun gear 16, a differential planet gear 17, and a differential ring gear 18 arranged radially outward in this order, the differential planet gear 17 being provided with a differential carrier 19, but the planetary gear mechanism of the invention used as the differential mechanism 14 may have two differential modes, one differential mode being shown in fig. 1, and the other differential mode being shown in fig. 2, specifically:
in one differential mode, shown in fig. 1, the differential carrier 19 is drivingly connected to the gear carrier 7 to receive either the high gear power or the low gear power output by the gear carrier 7, the differential sun gear 16 is drivingly connected to the front output shaft 13 via the sprocket 15, such as the differential sun gear 16 and the drive sprocket 23 of the sprocket mechanism 15 are fixedly disposed on the same support shaft, while the differential ring gear 18 is in driving connection with the rear output shaft 12, for example may be fixedly arranged on the rear output shaft 12, in this way, the gear carrier 7 transmits power to the differential planet 17 via the differential carrier 19, the differential planetary gear 17 transmits a part of the power to the differential sun gear 16, according to the requirement, and then to the front output shaft 13 through the driving sprocket 23, the chain 38 and the driven sprocket 37, meanwhile, the differential planet wheel 17 transmits the other part of the power to the differential ring gear 18, and the differential ring gear 18 drives the rear output shaft 12 to rotate. When the road adhesion is small and the slip of the front or rear wheels occurs, the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 is adjusted by the planetary gear mechanism serving as the differential mechanism 14, and for example, the torque adjusting mechanism 25 described below controls the degree of pressing of the clutch outer hub 26 and the clutch inner hub 27 in accordance with a command from the vehicle control unit to adjust the speed of rotation of the differential ring gear 18 and the differential sun gear 16, thereby intelligently adjusting the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12.
In the differential mode shown in fig. 1, the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 can be adjusted in real time as required, but the transfer case of the present invention further includes a differential lock 20 capable of locking the differential mechanism 14 so as not to differentially drive the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12, so as to ensure the driving capability of the vehicle under extreme road conditions, so that the torque of the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 can be continuously maintained under some road conditions, so that the vehicle can cope with bad roads or the vehicle is released from the trouble. Specifically, in a preferred form of the differential lock 20, the differential lock 20 includes a differential lock spline hub 21 and a differential lock sleeve 22, wherein the differential lock spline hub 21 is fixedly connected with the differential sun gear 16 and the driving sprocket 23 of the sprocket mechanism 15, the differential lock sleeve 22 can move axially under the driving of the differential lock fork to fix the differential carrier 19 and the differential lock spline hub 21, and when the differential lock sleeve 22 fixes the differential carrier 19 and the differential lock spline hub 21, the planetary gear mechanism as the differential mechanism 14 will operate as a whole, at which time, a part of the power transmitted from the gear carrier 7 to the differential carrier 19 will be transmitted to the driving sprocket 23 through the differential lock sleeve 22 and the differential lock spline hub 21, so that the differential mechanism 14 cannot perform differential speed, at which time, the torque adjusting mechanism 25 below does not need to function.
For example, the shift motor 35 drives the shift hub 34, and the shift hub 34 drives the differential lock fork 24 to axially move through the shift track thereon, and further drives the differential lock sleeve 22 to axially move, thereby locking and unlocking the differential mechanism 14.
In another differential mode shown in fig. 2, the differential ring gear 18 is in driving connection with the gear carrier 7 to receive the high gear power or the low gear power output by the gear carrier 7, the differential carrier 19 is in driving connection with the front output shaft 13 through the chain wheel mechanism 15, and the differential sun gear 16 is in driving connection with the rear output shaft 12, so that the gear carrier 7 transmits the high gear power or the high gear power to the differential ring gear 18, the differential ring gear 18 drives the differential planet gears 17 to run and transmit the high gear power to the front output shaft 13 through the differential carrier 19, the driving chain wheel 23, the chain 38 and the driven chain wheel 37, and meanwhile, the differential planet gears 17 drive the differential sun gear 16 and the rear output shaft 12 to rotate. Similarly, when the road adhesion is small and the slip of the front wheels or the rear wheels occurs, the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 is adjusted by the planetary gear mechanism serving as the differential mechanism 14, for example, a torque adjusting mechanism 25 described below controls the degree of pressing of the clutch outer hub 26 and the clutch inner hub 27 in accordance with a command from a vehicle control unit to adjust the speed of rotation of the differential ring gear 18 and the differential sun gear 16, thereby intelligently adjusting the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12.
In the differential mode shown in fig. 2, similar to the differential mode shown in fig. 1, the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 can be adjusted in real time as required, but the transfer case of the present invention further includes a differential lock 20 capable of locking the differential mechanism 14 so as not to differentially drive the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12, so as to ensure the driving capability of the vehicle under extreme road conditions, so that the torque of the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 can be continuously maintained under some road conditions, so that the vehicle can cope with bad roads or the vehicle gets out of the way. Specifically, in a preferred form of the differential lock 20, the differential lock 20 includes a differential lock spline hub 21 and a differential lock sleeve 22, wherein the differential lock spline hub 21 is fixedly connected with the differential carrier 19 and a driving sprocket 23 of the sprocket mechanism 15, and the differential lock sleeve 22 is capable of moving axially under the driving of a differential lock fork 24 to fix the differential ring gear 18 and the differential lock spline hub 21, so that when the differential lock sleeve 22 fixes the differential ring gear 18 and the differential lock spline hub 21, the planetary gear mechanism as the differential mechanism 14 will operate as a whole, and at this time, a part of the power transmitted from the gear carrier 7 to the differential ring gear 18 will be transmitted to the driving sprocket 23 through the differential lock sleeve 22 and the differential lock spline hub 21, so that the differential mechanism 14 cannot perform the differential speed, and at this time, the torque adjusting mechanism 25 below does not need to function.
For example, in the same manner as the structure of fig. 1, in fig. 2, the shift motor 35 drives the shift hub 34, and the shift hub 34 drives the differential lock fork 24 to axially move through the shift track thereon, and further drives the differential lock sleeve 22 to axially move, thereby locking and unlocking the differential mechanism 14.
As mentioned above, at high gear power or low gear power, when the differential mechanism 14 needs to adjust the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12, it is preferably realized by the torque adjusting mechanism 25, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the transfer case of the present invention further comprises the torque adjusting mechanism 25, the torque adjusting mechanism 25 comprises a clutch outer hub 26 drivingly connected with the driving sprocket 23 of the sprocket mechanism 15, a clutch inner hub 27 fixedly connected with the rear output shaft 12, and a front cam plate 29 and a rear cam plate 30 simultaneously idly sleeved on the rear output shaft 12, wherein the rear cam plate 30 can rotationally adjust the rotation angle, for example, the driving motor 39 drives the driving gear 40 to move, and further drives the rear cam plate 30 to operate to adjust the rotation angle, and forces the front cam plate 29 to axially move along the guide shaft 31 to press and control the degree of compression of the clutch outer hub 26 and the clutch inner hub 27, to control the speed of the differential sun gear 16 and the differential ring gear 18 (fig. 1) or to control the speed of the differential sun gear 16 and the differential planet gears 17 (fig. 2), so that the hub plates of the clutch can be pressed to different degrees by the vehicle control unit according to the adhesion condition of the wheels, and the torque between the front output shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 12 can be intelligently adjusted in real time.
Further, on the basis of the above, in order to improve the service life of the transfer and reduce the wear of the components, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the transfer of the present invention further includes a case 32 and a lubricating system 33, wherein a lubricating oil passage (not shown) is formed on an inner surface of the case 32, and the range carrier 7 drives the lubricating system 33 to guide lubricating oil to the planetary gear mechanism serving as high-low gear switching, the planetary gear mechanism serving as the differential mechanism 14, the sprocket mechanism 15, and the torque adjusting mechanism 25 through the lubricating oil passage to forcibly lubricate these components.
In addition, the invention also provides a vehicle which is provided with the transfer case. Thus, with the transfer case, the vehicle can conveniently switch high and low gears during traveling, and adjust the four-wheel drive power according to the required real-time, or lock the differential mechanism 14 to continuously maintain the four-wheel drive power of the front and rear output shafts.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high-low gear switching device is characterized by comprising a planetary gear mechanism and a fixed frame (1), wherein the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear sun gear (3) which can be fixedly arranged on an input shaft (2), and a gear planet gear (4), a gear ring gear (5) and a gear tooth sleeve (6) which are sequentially and radially outwards arranged, the gear planet gear (4) is provided with a gear planet carrier (7) for outputting power, wherein,
the gear sleeve (6) can move axially to be engaged with the fixed frame (1) to lock the gear ring gear (5), so that power is input by the gear sun gear (3), and low-gear power output is realized by the gear planet carrier (7) after passing through the gear planet gear (4), or,
keep off position tooth cover (6) can axial motion, in order to can with keep off position planet carrier (7) joint makes keep off position ring gear (5) with keep off position planet carrier (7) fixed connection, so that power by keep off position sun gear (3) input, keep off position planet wheel (4) with some power transmission to keep off position planet carrier (7), simultaneously keep off position planet wheel (4) with another part power pass through keep off position ring gear (5), pass on behind the position tooth cover (6) again keep off position planet carrier (7), final two parts power is unified by keep off position planet carrier (7) output, make planetary gear mechanism realizes high gear position power output as whole operation.
2. High-low gear shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed frame (1) and the gear carrier (7) are respectively formed with engaging teeth (8), and the gear sleeve (6) is respectively engaged with the fixed frame (1) or the gear carrier (7) through a corresponding synchronizer ring (9).
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an annular groove (11) for receiving a shift fork (10) is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the gear sleeve (6).
4. A transfer case, characterized in that it comprises a rear output shaft (12) and a front output shaft (13), a differential mechanism (14) and a high-low gear switching device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein one output part of the differential mechanism (14) is in transmission connection with the rear output shaft (12) and the other output part of the differential mechanism (14) is in transmission connection with the front output shaft (13) through a chain wheel mechanism (15), and wherein the differential mechanism (14) receives the power transmitted by the gear carrier (7) and distributes the received power to the front output shaft (13) and the rear output shaft (12) as required.
5. A transfer gear according to claim 4, characterized in that the differential mechanism (14) comprises a differential sun wheel (16), a differential planet wheel (17) and a differential ring gear (18) arranged radially outwards in this order, the differential planet wheel (17) being provided with a differential planet carrier (19), wherein,
the differential speed planet carrier (19) is in transmission connection with the gear planet carrier (7), the differential speed sun gear (16) is in transmission connection with the front output shaft (13) through the chain wheel mechanism (15), and the differential speed gear ring (18) is in transmission connection with the rear output shaft (12);
or,
differential ring gear (18) with fender position planet carrier (7) transmission is connected, differential planet carrier (19) pass through sprocket mechanism (15) with preceding output shaft (13) transmission is connected, differential sun gear (16) with back output shaft (12) transmission is connected.
6. The transfer case according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a differential lock (20) capable of locking the differential mechanism (14) against differentiating the front output shaft (13) and the rear output shaft (12).
7. Transfer case according to claim 6, characterized in that the differential lock (20) comprises a differential lock splined hub (21) and a differential lock toothed sleeve (22), wherein,
the differential lock spline hub (21) is fixedly connected with a differential sun gear (16) and a driving chain wheel (23) of the chain wheel mechanism (15), and the differential lock gear sleeve (22) can axially move under the driving of a differential lock shifting fork (24) to fix the differential planet carrier (19) and the differential lock spline hub (21);
or,
differential lock spline hub (21) and differential carrier (19) with driving sprocket (23) fixed connection of sprocket mechanism (15), differential lock toothed sleeve (22) can be under the drive of differential lock shift fork (24) axial motion with differential ring gear (18) with differential lock spline hub (21) are fixed.
8. A transfer case according to any of claims 4-7, characterized in that the transfer case also comprises a torque adjusting mechanism (25), the torque adjusting mechanism (25) comprises a clutch outer hub (26) in driving connection with the driving sprocket (23) of the sprocket mechanism (15), a clutch inner hub (27) in fixed connection with the rear output shaft (12), a front cam disc (29) and a rear cam disc (30) both of which are empty on the rear output shaft (12),
the rear cam disc (30) can be rotated to adjust the rotation angle, and the front cam disc (29) is forced to move axially along a guide shaft (31) to press and control the compression degree of the clutch outer hub (26) and the clutch inner hub (27).
9. The transfer according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a housing (32) and a lubrication system (33), wherein a lubrication oil passage is formed on an inner surface of the housing (32), and the gear carrier (7) drives the lubrication system (33) to guide lubrication oil to the planetary gear mechanism, the differential mechanism (14), the sprocket mechanism (15), and the torque adjusting mechanism (25) through the lubrication oil passage.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle is provided with a transfer case according to claim 9.
CN201610064007.9A 2016-01-29 2016-01-29 High-low gear switching device, transfer case and vehicle Active CN107023613B (en)

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