CN108661557A - A kind of anti-gas cut boring method and control system for fractured-cavernous reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of anti-gas cut boring method and control system for fractured-cavernous reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN108661557A CN108661557A CN201710187282.4A CN201710187282A CN108661557A CN 108661557 A CN108661557 A CN 108661557A CN 201710187282 A CN201710187282 A CN 201710187282A CN 108661557 A CN108661557 A CN 108661557A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 61
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti-gas cut boring methods and control method for fractured-cavernous reservoir, the described method comprises the following steps：Determine the distribution of the fracture and cave reservoir of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled spatially；In the drilling for carrying out straight well section and inclination section at fracture and cave reservoir setting safe distance, after horizontal well landing, it is crept into from its landing point to target spot deflecting, so that form hole angle before reaching the target spot upwarps section more than set angle, continue to creep into until the section that upwarps is connected to the side of the fracture and cave reservoir, wherein, the landing point is located at the position less than the target spot.The present invention can effectively prevent cutting of mud by gas and severe mud losses, ensure well control safety.
Description
Technical field
Well well control technique field is drilled the invention belongs to petroleum works to be drilled primarily directed to fracture-cavity type carbonate gas reservoir
Well control problem caused by being altered on the cutting of mud by gas that is encountered when well, gas, a kind of safe and reliable solution of proposition.
Background technology
The gas cut phenomenon of mud, natural gas invade mud, mud balance are made to decline frequent occurrence when the natural gas well is drilled well,
Well kick, blowout are easily caused, causes well control accident, therefore the measures such as generally use circulating exhaust, weighted mud kill-job, but for
Fractured-cavernous reservoir, even if mud balance is more than gas reservoir barometric gradient, the gravity caused by the density contrast of mud and natural gas is set
The effect of changing, mud slip downwards leakage, are altered on natural gas, cause mud severe mud losses, and are difficult natural pressure is steady, well control wind
Danger is high.
For the lower gas reservoir of temperature, stagnation of the circulation of vital energy plug technology may be used, i.e., squeeze into one section high viscosity mud in shaft bottom, hinder
It is only altered on gas, this technology has preferable anti-gas cut effect for fractured-cavernous reservoir.But stagnation of the circulation of vital energy plug action time is limited,
Especially often failure at high temperature, therefore deep-well and ultradeep well are difficult to be applicable in.
Invention content
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention be need to provide it is a kind of preferably anti-for having for fractured-cavernous reservoir
The solution of gas cut effect.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, embodiments herein provides firstly a kind of gas-tight for fractured-cavernous reservoir
Invade boring method, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：Determine the fracture and cave reservoir of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled in sky
Between on distribution；In the drilling for carrying out straight well section and inclination section at fracture and cave reservoir setting safe distance, in level
It after well lands, is crept into from its landing point to target spot deflecting, so as to get it is more than set angle that hole angle is formed before up to the target spot
Section is upwarped, continues to creep into until the section that upwarps is connected to the side of the fracture and cave reservoir, wherein the landing point is located at low
In the position of the target spot.
Preferably, the data that fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled is obtained according to seismic inversion method determines fracture and cave reservoir in space
On distribution, including the size of fracture and cave reservoir and boundary.
Preferably, it includes the horizontal well profile with the similar J-type for upwarping section to be drilled the casing program formed after well.
Preferably, the height for upwarping section is more than mineshaft diameter.
Preferably, the set angle range is at 90 °~95 °.
Preferably, the setting safe distance range is at 50 meters~200 meters.
Preferably, the landing point is less than 5 meters of target spot or more.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of anti-gas cut Drilling Control system for fractured-cavernous reservoir, it is described
Control system includes with lower unit：Fracture and cave reservoir determination unit determines the fracture and cave reservoir of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled in sky
Between on distribution；Wellbore trace control unit, in the control drill bit progress at fracture and cave reservoir setting safe distance
The drilling of straight well section and inclination section controls drill bit from its landing point and is crept into target spot deflecting, so as to get reached after horizontal well landing
It is more than that set angle upwarps section that hole angle is formed before the target spot, continue to control drill bit drilling until it is described upwarp section with it is described
The side of fracture and cave reservoir is connected to, wherein the landing point is located at the position less than the target spot.
Preferably, the fracture and cave reservoir determination unit further obtains fracture hole type to be drilled according to seismic inversion method
The data of gas reservoir determines the distribution of fracture and cave reservoir spatially, including the size of fracture and cave reservoir and boundary.
Preferably, it includes the horizontal well profile with the similar J-type for upwarping section to be drilled the casing program formed after well.
Compared with prior art, one or more of said program embodiment can have the following advantages that or beneficial to effect
Fruit：
The embodiment of the present invention is different from prevents the thinking that pit shaft gas-liquid gravity is replaced conventionally by mud, but utilizes gas-liquid
Gravity displacement effect is started with from drill column design, it is proposed that a kind of bending upwards type Horizontal Well Drilling well profile reaches safe and reliable anti-
The purpose of gas cut.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that being understood by implementing technical scheme of the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can by
Specifically noted structure and/or flow are realized and are obtained in specification, claims and attached drawing.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is used for providing to the technical solution of the application or further understanding for the prior art, and constitution instruction
A part.Wherein, technical side of the attached drawing of the embodiment of the present application together with embodiments herein for explaining the application is expressed
Case, but do not constitute the limitation to technical scheme.
Fig. 1 is the exemplary flow signal for being related to a kind of anti-gas cut boring method for fractured-cavernous reservoir of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is to be related to the J-shaped of the embodiment of the present invention to upwarp horizontal well profile anti-gas channeling schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is to be related to a kind of exemplary module of anti-gas cut Drilling Control system for fractured-cavernous reservoir of the present invention to show
It is intended to.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to be applied to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching relevant art effect can fully understand and implement.This Shen
Each feature that please be in embodiment and embodiment, can be combined with each other under the premise of not colliding, be formed by technical solution
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Basic principle of the invention is first briefly explained below.General sandstone reservoir and pore type carbonate rock, oil
Gas is previously stored in micro-pore, and such reservoir, permeability is relatively low, but is usually existed in flakes.And carbonate rock is also
There is another fracture hole type to preserve form, oil gas is that preserve these cracks or solution cavity size in crack either solution cavity very big,
Just as the big solution cavity in southern karst landform mountain area, space is very big, and when solution cavity is got into drilling well, drill bit is just empty below suddenly,
Tens meters of even rice up to a hundred are also visited not on earth, such solution cavity, can cause drilling fluid milli is unresisted directly to leak into solution cavity, molten
Gas in hole can enter drilling fluid directly up, so as to cause the gas cut of mud and leakage while occur, drilling well control risk
Greatly.But because oil gas is previously stored in such fracture hole body, conventional developing thought is all to aim at fracture hole body to bore from top to bottom
Well, but the well control problem that the gas cut loss zone of mud comes is difficult to solve, and the present invention is to act in a diametrically opposite way, using avoiding fracture hole body
Drilling well, recycling upwarps Horizontal Well Drilling to fracture hole body, conscious on well track using the gravity fractionation for upwarping section
Increase by one and upwarp section, thereby may be ensured that no matter mud density is above or below reservoir pressure coefficient, will not all send out simultaneously
The phenomenon that raw mud severe mud losses and serious gas cut.In addition, the technology is adapted to fracture-cavity type carbonate gas reservoir, but it is not suitable for
Porosity gas reservoir, because being distributed the peace that can discontinuously provide drilling a straight well section and inclination section in fractured-cavernous reservoir plane
Full distance, but the usually distribution of porosity gas reservoir is continuous, and straight well section and inclination section can not avoid gas reservoir.
Fig. 1 is the exemplary flow signal for being related to a kind of anti-gas cut boring method for fractured-cavernous reservoir of the present invention
Figure.Illustrate each step of this method below with reference to Fig. 1.It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is mainly with fracture hole type carbon
For Carbonate Rocks gas reservoir, to illustrate how to prevent in fractured-cavernous reservoir recurrent gas cut phenomenon when being drilled well.
In step s 110, the distribution of the fracture and cave reservoir of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled spatially is determined.Specifically, according to
Seismic inversion method obtains the data of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled, determines fracture and cave reservoir position, i.e., distribution spatially.It examines
The depth for considering gas reservoir is generally difficult to accurately determine the specific position of fracture and cave reservoir, determines Reservoir Body roughly herein
Boundary.
It should be noted that the reservoir space and percolating channels of reservoir have the fundamental types such as hole, cave, crack, respectively
The network up to more than 10 that kind combination is formed is planted, and fractured-cavernous reservoir is the two kinds of composite construction in cave and crack.Seismic inversion
It is that Geologic modeling is carried out by computer to explain fracture and cave reservoir using three dimensional seismic data.In this step, seismic inversion
To be determined is fracture and cave reservoir distribution spatially, including the size of fracture and cave reservoir, boundary etc., and oil gas is just stored at
In such a region.
In the step s 120, in the drilling for carrying out straight well section and inclination section at fracture and cave reservoir setting safe distance.
The safe distance for setting this horizontal direction is mainly the prediction error and horizontal segment that consider fracture and cave reservoir
The deflecting ability of drilling well ensures straight well section and inclination section safety drilling, is generally set to 50m~200m to avoid fracture hole area
In the range of.But anti-gas cut effect for the present invention, it is only necessary to there are one section is upwarped, with horizontal safety distance without larger
Relationship.The height for upwarping section needs be only greater than mineshaft diameter (about 0.1~0.2m) in theory, can amplify on practical implementation
To 5-10m.
In step s 130, horizontal well landing after, from its landing point to target spot deflecting creep into, so as to get up to the target spot it
The preceding hole angle that formed upwarps section more than set angle, continues to creep into being connected to the side of fracture and cave reservoir until upwarping section,
In, landing point is located at the position less than target spot.
In this example, in order to ensure that wellbore trace includes to upwarp section, the set angle preferred scope that hole angle is more than is 90 °
~95 °.Target spot is the final goal point of scheduled well track, and the position of target spot is exactly the position of the upper fracture and cave reservoir of connection,
Due to the prediction error of fracture and cave reservoir, can be adjusted according to actual well drilled, particularly as be under obliquely, aim at fracture hole body
Drilling, until drill bit is drilled into fracture hole body (usual drilling rod can be directly vented at this time).
In general, it is more than mineshaft diameter (about 0.2m) to upwarp height, but for the sake of assurance, may further be required
Landing point upwarps highly more big more insures less than 5 meters of target spot or more.
From the point of view of the casing program of this example, which is substantially formed as similar J-type and upwarps horizontal well profile, J-type tail
Gas reservoir fracture hole body is linked up in end from the side of Reservoir Body.Conventional straight well development scheme is to get into the top of Reservoir Body, is linked up from top
Reservoir Body, " side " said herein refer to the side of Reservoir Body, mainly considering the effect of anti-gas cut.
In addition, though in this example casing program include upwarp horizontal well profile with the similar J-type for upwarping section, but
As long as the well body of invention is including upwarp section, for example, after upwarping section, wellbore trace sink again it is also possible, this
Embodiment does not limit the form of casing program specifically.
Schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2 is such, after boring chance gas reservoir fracture hole body, since gravity caused by gas-liquid density contrast is set
The effect of changing is upwarping section, gas and mud separation, and gas cannot migrate to well head direction, and mud cannot migrate to shaft bottom, can
It is effectively prevent the gas cut and severe mud losses of mud, ensures well control safety.
It being readily appreciated that, the embodiment of the present invention is altered using upwarping for casing program on section barrier gas, securely and reliably, no-failure
Risk, particularly with ultradeep well fracture-cavity type carbonate gas reservoir gas it is quick on alter, mud severe mud losses, have safe and reliable
Anti-gas channeling effect.Moreover, gas-liquid interface can automatically achieve balance after closing well, for being unable to Accurate Prediction strata pressure
Fracture-cavity type carbonate gas reservoir, if mud pressure is higher than strata pressure, after a part of well mud leaks into stratum, mud fluid column
It can automatic and strata pressure balance；If mud pressure be less than strata pressure, there will be a part of gas cross section bottom into
Enter straight well section, but mud will not leak into stratum, after well head finds overflow, timely closing well or improve mud balance, you can prevent after
Continuous gas cut has fluid column to balance each other with strata pressure always because mud will not leak into stratum, therefore well head pressure can drop significantly
Low, the requirement for well-control equipment can also substantially reduce.In addition, since gas-liquid interface autobalance, no gas cut are asked after closing well
Topic, thus can utilize mud balance and well head pressure, accurately calculate strata pressure, for it is difficult to predict fracture hole type carbonate
Rock gas reservoir provides a formation pressure test approach.
In addition to the above-described advantages, the J-shaped of the embodiment of the present invention upwarps the design of casing program, for drilling well, completion and later stage
It can reliably play the role of preventing cutting of mud by gas during well workover, and the performance requirement of mud is greatly reduced.
Specific example：
By taking north slope Ordovician system fracture-cavity type carbonate gas reservoir in Central Tarim as an example, the gas reservoir buried depth is close to 8000m, stratum
Temperature contains H2S and CO2 close to 200 DEG C, strata pressure about 170MPa, and development difficulty is very big, belongs to the top exploitation problem in the world.
Since for fractured-cavernous reservoir, has channeling speed is fast when being drilled well, and mud wastage is big, and the circulating exhaust time is long, and drilling well timeliness is low, bore
The well period is long, and well control difficulty is very big, meets fracture hole once boring, is typically only capable to completion in advance.
Horizontal well profile gas-tight, which is upwarped, according to J-type invades thinking, it can be according to the gas reservoir fracture hole of seismic inversion when well location designs
Body data, it is conscious to avoid fracture hole body 50-100m, to ensure the safe finishing drilling of main borehole, the then bore hole in carbonate rock stratum
Deflecting is crept into, and landing point is made to be less than target spot 5m or more, continues to creep into target spot deflecting, makes to be formed on J-shaped before reaching target spot
Stick up section.
When boring chance target spot gas reservoir fracture hole body, if strata pressure is less than mud pressure, mud can leak into stratum, but gas
It being closed in and upwarps section, will not migrate to well head, well head is observed that mud is missed at this time, but not has gas cut risk, this
When can be dropped to termination of pumping closing well, mud liquid level when being balanced with strata pressure, can be automatically stopped, will not severe mud losses, at this time may be used
According to level, accurately to calculate strata pressure.
If strata pressure is less than mud pressure, gas can cross minimum point and enter straight well section, and well head can be observed at this time
To well kick phenomenon, but due to upwarping section, mud will not migrate to the higher shaft bottom in position, therefore not have the pernicious leakage of mud
It loses and occurs.At this time if wellhead shut-in, the gas of straight well section intrusion can migrate to well head automatically, and formation builds the pressure, but due to mud
Pressure can balance mostly stressor layer, therefore well head pressure will not be too high.Mud balance can be stepped up at this time, followed
Ring kill-job makes mud pressure and strata pressure balance each other.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of anti-gas cut Drilling Control system 30 for fractured-cavernous reservoir, it should
System 30 controls the wellbore trace trend in drilling process.Module diagram as shown in Figure 3, the system include fracture and cave reservoir
Determination unit 31 and wellbore trace control unit 32.Wherein, fracture and cave reservoir determination unit 31 determines fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled
The distribution of fracture and cave reservoir spatially.Wellbore trace control unit 32, apart from the fracture and cave reservoir setting safety away from
From the drilling that place's control drill bit carries out straight well section and inclination section, after horizontal well landing, drill bit is controlled to target spot from its landing point
Deflecting is crept into, so as to get is formed hole angle before up to the target spot and is upwarped section more than set angle, it is straight to continue control drill bit drilling
It is connected to the section that upwarps with the side of the fracture and cave reservoir, wherein the landing point is located at the position less than the target spot.
The system can complete the flow of anti-gas cut boring method shown in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the present invention is directed to fracture-cavity type carbonate gas reservoir, it is proposed that one kind upwarps the horizontal well profile of shape, in utilization
A section gas-liquid gravity fractionation is stuck up, cutting of mud by gas and severe mud losses are effectively prevent, ensures well control safety.
While it is disclosed that embodiment content as above but described only to facilitate understanding the present invention and adopting
Embodiment is not limited to the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains are not departing from this
Under the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and change can be made in the implementing form and in details,
But the scope of patent protection of the present invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of anti-gas cut boring method for fractured-cavernous reservoir, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：
Determine the distribution of the fracture and cave reservoir of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled spatially；
In the drilling for carrying out straight well section and inclination section at fracture and cave reservoir setting safe distance, land in horizontal well
Afterwards, it is crept into from its landing point to target spot deflecting, so as to get hole angle is formed before up to the target spot upwarps section more than set angle,
Continue to creep into until the section that upwarps is connected to the side of the fracture and cave reservoir, wherein the landing point is located at less than described
The position of target spot.
2. anti-gas cut boring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain seam to be drilled according to seismic inversion method
The data of carbonate rock determines the distribution of fracture and cave reservoir spatially, including the size of fracture and cave reservoir and boundary.
3. anti-gas cut boring method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
It includes the horizontal well profile with the similar J-type for upwarping section to be drilled the casing program formed after well.
4. anti-gas cut boring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The height for upwarping section is more than mineshaft diameter.
5. anti-gas cut boring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
The set angle range is at 90 °~95 °.
6. anti-gas cut boring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The setting safe distance range is at 50 meters~200 meters.
7. anti-gas cut boring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The landing point is less than 5 meters of target spot or more.
8. a kind of anti-gas cut Drilling Control system for fractured-cavernous reservoir, which is characterized in that the control system includes following
Unit：
Fracture and cave reservoir determination unit determines the distribution of the fracture and cave reservoir of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled spatially；
Wellbore trace control unit, apart from the fracture and cave reservoir setting safe distance at control drill bit carry out straight well section and
The drilling of inclination section controls drill bit from its landing point and is crept into target spot deflecting, so as to get reach the target spot after horizontal well landing
The preceding hole angle that formed upwarps section more than set angle, continues to control drill bit drilling until the section that upwarps is preserved with the fracture hole
The side of body is connected to, wherein the landing point is located at the position less than the target spot.
9. anti-gas cut Drilling Control system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the fracture and cave reservoir determines single
Member further obtains the data of fractured-cavernous reservoir to be drilled according to seismic inversion method, determines fracture and cave reservoir spatially
Distribution, including the size of fracture and cave reservoir and boundary.
10. anti-gas cut Drilling Control system according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that
It includes the horizontal well profile with the similar J-type for upwarping section to be drilled the casing program formed after well.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111119764A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gas invasion preventing device and drilling string comprising same |
| CN112761570A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Natural gas upwarping horizontal well completion method |
| CN113530438A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for safely tripping up and down gas well nitrogen drilling pipe column and gas well structure |
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| CN104481398A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional (3D) horizontal well drilling construction method |
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| CN111119783B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sealed cartridge device, cannula and tube string |
| CN112761570A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Natural gas upwarping horizontal well completion method |
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