CN108655797A - Tool magazine, cutter-exchange mechanism and more Spindle Machining Centers - Google Patents
Tool magazine, cutter-exchange mechanism and more Spindle Machining Centers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108655797A CN108655797A CN201810294704.2A CN201810294704A CN108655797A CN 108655797 A CN108655797 A CN 108655797A CN 201810294704 A CN201810294704 A CN 201810294704A CN 108655797 A CN108655797 A CN 108655797A
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- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- tool
- tool changing
- tool magazine
- containing cavities
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000009967 Erodium cicutarium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 240000003759 Erodium cicutarium Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
- B23Q3/15534—Magazines mounted on the spindle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
- B23Q2003/155414—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of tool magazine, the cutter-exchange mechanism with tool magazine and more Spindle Machining Centers including cutter-exchange mechanism.A kind of tool magazine, including tool magazine mounting bracket, tool magazine holder and several cutter storage storehouses, the tool magazine mounting bracket is configured to be fixed on machine tool chief axis crossbeam, the tool magazine holder is installed on the tool magazine mounting bracket, the cutter storage storehouse is fixed on the tool magazine holder, each cutter storage storehouse includes multiple cutter containing cavities, it is characterised in that：The multiple cutter containing cavities in each cutter storage storehouse are arranged in cutter containing cavities matrix, the cutter containing cavities arranged along the direction parallel with the machine tool chief axis crossbeam constitute the row of the cutter containing cavities matrix, and the line number of the cutter containing cavities matrix is more than 1.The cutter storage volume of the tool magazine is big, it is good to the protective of cutter, can maintenance period it is long, it is efficient using the cutter-exchange mechanism tool changing of the tool magazine, machining center it is high in machining efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cutter-exchange mechanism of machining center more particularly to the cutter-exchange mechanisms of more Spindle Machining Centers.
Background technology
Since the processing efficiency of more Spindle Machining Centers (abbreviation bull machining center or bull lathe) is than single spindle processing
High several times even tens times of center (abbreviation single head machining center or single head lathe), the application for carrying out bull machining center this year is more next
Wider, especially in 3C industries, the application of bull machining center is particularly extensive；However bull machining center is having highly-efficient processing
While advantage, the exchanging knives process of tool magazine participation, which becomes, limits the very big factor that its processing efficiency further increases.
The tool magazine of the domestic bull lathe generally used is straight-line tool magazine, such as Chinese patent at present
201520451989.8 disclose a kind of straight-line tool magazine being installed on 31 back lower place of machine tool chief axis crossbeam, with reference to Figure 23-24, phase
For 31 postposition of machine tool chief axis crossbeam tool magazine 11 far from processing district, be avoided that the cutter loaded in tool magazine 11 by processing powder
The influence of dirt, chips or coolant liquid etc., however, its there are still following not foot points：
(1) 11.1 lateral arrangement of cutter holder in tool magazine 11 (is arranged, i.e. X-direction in Figure 24 along machine tool chief axis crossbeam direction
Arrangement), and multiple main shafts of more Spindle Machining Centers are also to arrange arrangement along machine tool chief axis crossbeam, therefore, in tool magazine 11
The number (i.e. cutter capacity) of cutter holder 11.1 be limited to the centre-to-centre spacing between multiple main shafts, the cutter capacity phase of each tool magazine
To smaller；
(2) cutter holder 11.1 is clamp form, i.e., has relatively close pretightning force, cutter between the two of cutter holder 11.1 clamping jaw
When passing in and out cutter holder 11.1 with two clamping jaw extrusion frictions of cutter holder 11.1, overcome above-mentioned pretightning force to open cutter holder, therefore
Handle of a knife has certain abrasion during main shaft takes knife；
(3) although the installation site of tool magazine 11 far from main shaft with the influence far from processing dust etc., and in similar application
In the protection of isolation pollution environment can be carried out to the cutter of clamping in tool magazine 11 by the way that tool magazine door is arranged, but in master
When axis tool changing, it is still desirable to elapse tool magazine (toward major axes orientation, i.e. Y-direction in Figure 23) forward, i.e., in exchanging knives process, still
So it is not avoided that the handle of a knife of cutter is contaminated, and after the handle of a knife of cutter is contaminated, further to clamping, its main shaft causes for meeting
Damage；
(4) exchanging knives process starts, and main shaft just needs to stop processing, and original cutter on main shaft is then put back to tool magazine
11, then chosen on new cutter clamping to main shaft from tool magazine 11, tool magazine 11 does not have in advance for knife function, tool changing efficiency
It is low；
(5) the cutter capacity of tool magazine 11 is small, and along with knife handle is easy to wear, two factor collective effects cause entirely
The cutter changing frequency of tool magazine 11 is high, and maintenance period is short, wastes time and manually, influences entire production efficiency.
Similar straight-line tool magazine can be seen in Chinese patent 201621197453.9 and Chinese patent
201420811469.9 the tool magazine being directed to equally has the above not foot point.
Therefore provide a kind of high power capacity, permanent protective property, can maintenance period it is long and to be capable of the tool magazine of rapid changing knife aobvious
It must be even more important.
Invention content
The present invention is made in view of the state of the above-mentioned prior art.The present invention provides a kind of tool magazine, including tool magazine peace
Shelve, tool magazine holder and several cutter storage storehouses, the tool magazine mounting bracket are configured to be fixed on machine tool chief axis crossbeam,
The tool magazine holder is installed on the tool magazine mounting bracket, and the cutter storage storehouse is fixed on the tool magazine holder, each
The cutter storage storehouse includes multiple cutter containing cavities, the multiple cutter containing cavities arrangement in each cutter storage storehouse
At cutter containing cavities matrix, the cutter containing cavities arranged along the direction parallel with the machine tool chief axis crossbeam constitute the knife
Has the row of containing cavities matrix, the line number of the cutter containing cavities matrix is more than 1.
In at least one embodiment, the handle of a knife end of the cutter can stretch into the cutter containing cavities and by the knife
Have containing cavities to surround.
In at least one embodiment, the cutter storage storehouse includes cutter storage board, along machine tool chief axis direction in knife
Through-hole is opened up in tool storage board and forms the cutter containing cavities, and the upper end of the through-hole is provided with magnetic part, the through-hole
Lower end is stretched into for the handle of a knife.
In at least one embodiment, the cutter storage storehouse further includes auxiliary grip block, and the auxiliary grip block is set
Set the cutter receipts for offering on the lower face of the cutter storage board, the auxiliary grip block and being penetrated through with the cutter containing cavities
The diameter of Rong Kong, the cutter accepting hole are slightly less than the diameter of the handle of a knife, when the handle of a knife passes through the cutter accepting hole
The handle of a knife is formed with the cutter accepting hole and is interference fitted.
In at least one embodiment, the auxiliary grip block is made of wear resistant elastic material.
In at least one embodiment, the tool magazine holder can the relatively described tool magazine mounting bracket upper and lower translation.
The present invention also provides a kind of cutter-exchange mechanisms comprising machine tool chief axis crossbeam, tool magazine and tool changing platform, the cutter
Library is in the cutter storage storehouse of the tool magazine, to be hung down along with the machine tool chief axis crossbeam according to the tool magazine of the present invention
The cutter containing cavities of straight direction arrangement constitute the cutter containing cavities matrix column, and the cutter containing cavities matrix includes
Two row；The tool changing platform includes tool changing stage+module frame, tool changing crowfoot and several tool changing pawl groups, the tool changing stage+module frame
It is fixed on the lower part of the machine tool chief axis crossbeam, the tool changing crowfoot is installed on the tool changing stage+module frame, the tool changing pawl
Group is installed on the tool changing crowfoot, and the quantity of the tool changing pawl group is identical as the quantity of cutter storage storehouse, is changed described in one
Cutter claw group includes two tool changing pawls being arranged in juxtaposition；Each described tool changing pawl group be located at cutter storage storehouse just under
Side, and a tool changing pawl in each described tool changing pawl group be located at one of the cutter containing cavities matrix arrange just under
Side.
In at least one embodiment, the tool magazine holder can the relatively described tool magazine mounting bracket upper and lower translation, institute
Stating tool changing crowfoot can the relatively described tool changing stage+module frame anterior-posterior translation.
In at least one embodiment, the tool changing pawl includes two tool changing calvus that can be opened or be closed relatively, institute
It states the opening of tool changing calvus or is closed and controlled by power source, thus during the tool changing pawl picks and places the cutter, it is described
With the cutter sliding friction does not occur for tool changing calvus.
The present invention also provides a kind of more Spindle Machining Centers, including main shaft and cutter-exchange mechanism；According to the cutter-exchange mechanism
The cutter-exchange mechanism of the present invention；The main shaft has multiple, and multiple main shafts are on the machine tool chief axis crossbeam apart from one another by certain
Distance arrangement；The quantity of the cutter storage storehouse of the tool magazine is equal with the quantity of the main shaft.
Tool magazine provided by the invention greatly improves tool magazine under the premise of not changing machine tool chief axis crossbeam size
Cutter storage volume, and the tool magazine can protect the handle of a knife of cutter from the pollution of processing environment at any time；The present invention
Tool magazine and the matched tool changing platform used, together constitute the cutter-exchange mechanism of the present invention, which has in advance
Standby knife function, substantially increases tool changing efficiency, improves the processing efficiency of lathe, and extend the maintenance period of equipment.It compares
In the prior art, the present invention is at least with one in following advantages：
(1) cutter is housed in a manner of longitudinal arrangement in tool magazine, in each master for not changing more Spindle Machining Centers
Axis center increases the cutter storage volume of tool magazine away from the case of；
(2) the cutter containing cavities of tool magazine are comprehensive to have obstructed processing site by the independent cage in one end of each handle of a knife
Dust, chip and coolant liquid etc. pollution；
(3) in exchanging knives process, tool magazine is always positioned at machine tool chief axis crossbeam rearward position, and cutter storage storehouse need not be to
Major axes orientation is pushed forward, and the replacement of cutter between tool magazine and main shaft is realized by tool changing platform；
(4) each corresponding main shaft, tool changing platform are equipped with a pair of (two) tool changing pawl, can be in advance for knife, i.e., in master
Axis just completes standby knife process before stopping processing, improves tool changing efficiency and processing efficiency；
(5) the tool changing pawl on tool changing platform is avoided the friction between handle of a knife and clamping jaw, reduces handle of a knife by pneumatic control
Abrasion；
(6) since cutter storage capacity increases, cutter is not easy to wear and main shaft is not easy to wear, the maintenance of entire machining center
Cycle stretch-out, production efficiency improve.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 more Spindle Machining Center part-structure schematic diagrams according to the present invention with cutter-exchange mechanism；
The dimensional structure diagram in Fig. 2 cutting tool according to the present invention library；
The dimensional structure diagram at another visual angle in Fig. 3 cutting tool according to the present invention library；
The dimensional structure diagram of Fig. 4 cutting tool according to the present invention storage storehouses；
The sectional view of Fig. 5 cutting tool according to the present invention storage storehouses；
The dimensional structure diagram of Fig. 6 tool changing platforms according to the present invention；
The elevational schematic view of Fig. 7 tool changing platforms according to the present invention；
The schematic front view of Fig. 8 tool changing pawl groups according to the present invention；
The machining center left view schematic diagram in the step S1.2 stages of Fig. 9 standby knife processes according to the present invention；
The machining center left view schematic diagram in the step S1.3 stages of Figure 10 standby knife processes according to the present invention；
The machining center part-structure schematic front view in the step S1.4 stages of Figure 11 standby knife processes according to the present invention；
The machining center left view schematic diagram in the step S1.5 stages of Figure 12 standby knife processes according to the present invention；
The machining center left view schematic diagram in the step S2.1 stages of Figure 13 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention；
The machining center part-structure main view in the step S2.2 stages of Figure 14 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
The machining center part-structure main view in the step S2.3 stages of Figure 15 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
The machining center part-structure main view in the step S2.4 stages of Figure 16 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
The machining center part-structure main view in the step S2.5 stages of Figure 17 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
The machining center part-structure main view in the step S2.6 stages of Figure 18 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
The machining center part-structure main view in the step S2.7 stages of Figure 19 main shaft exchanging knives processes according to the present invention is illustrated
Figure；
Figure 20 cutting tool according to the present invention is put in storage the machining center part-structure solid signal in the step S3.1 stages of process
Figure；
Figure 21 cutting tool according to the present invention is put in storage the machining center part-structure solid signal in the step S3.2 stages of process
Figure；
Figure 22 cutting tool according to the present invention is put in storage the machining center part-structure solid signal in the step S3.3 stages of process
Figure；
The machining center right view with tool magazine of Figure 23 prior arts；
The tool magazine dimensional structure diagram of Figure 24 prior arts.
Reference sign
1,11 tool magazine
1.1 tool magazine holders
1.11 holder bottom plate
1.12 set lagging
1.13 bracket slide
1.14 positioning plate
1.2 tool magazine guide rails
1.3 cutter storage storehouses
1.31 cutter storage board
1.311 dovetail groove
1.32 excellent power offset plates
1.33 pressing plate
1.34 cutter containing cavities
1.341 the first hole
1.342 the second hole
1.343 third hole
1.37 magnet
1.4 cylinder assembly
1.41 cylinder body
1.42 piston rod
1.43 air cylinder fixed plate
1.44 piston rod holder
11.1 cutter holders
2 tool changing platforms
2.1 tool changing stage+module framves
2.2 tool changing crowfoots
2.3 tool changing pawl groups
2.31 tool changing pawl
2.310 tool changing calvus
2.4 crowfoot guidance sets
2.41 crowfoot driving mechanism
2.42 crowfoot guide rail
2.5 drag chain
2.6 protective cover
3,31 machine tool chief axis crossbeam
4 main shafts
5 cutters
5.1 cutter head
5.2 handle of a knife
Specific implementation mode
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.It should be appreciated that these specific descriptions are only used for
How teaching those skilled in the art implement the present invention, rather than the exhaustive present invention all feasible modes, without in
It limits the scope of the invention.
Referring to figs. 1 to 22, tool magazine 1 of the invention, the cutter-exchange mechanism with tool magazine are introduced and including the more of cutter-exchange mechanism
The concrete structure of Spindle Machining Center and the exchanging knives process of cutter-exchange mechanism.
Fig. 1 shows the critical piece of more Spindle Machining Centers including cutter-exchange mechanism of the present invention.On machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3
There are four main shafts 4 for setting, therefore the machining center is four Spindle Machining Centers, it should be understood that the quantity of main shaft has no effect on this
The substantial effect of invention, present inventive concept be suitable for include one or more main shafts machining center (lathe), and for wrapping
The machining center of multiple main shafts is included, the present invention can more embody the efficient of tool changing.
As shown in Figure 1, the direction that is laterally extended for defining machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3 is X-direction, the lathe master where main shaft 4
Axis crossbeam side is " preceding " side (Y-direction), is in contrast " rear " side；X is " right side " to arrow meaning in figure, is in contrast " left side "；
Z-direction arrow meaning is "upper" in figure, is in contrast "lower".
Tool magazine 1 and tool changing platform 2 are mounted on machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3, the connection of tool magazine 1 and machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3
Place is located at machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3 positioned at the rear portion of machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3, tool changing platform 2 and the junction of machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3
Lower part.Main shaft 4 can be translated relative to 3 upper and lower translation of machine tool chief axis crossbeam and left and right, and the main part of tool magazine 1 can be relative to
The main part of 3 upper and lower translation of machine tool chief axis crossbeam, tool changing platform 2 can be relative to 3 anterior-posterior translation of machine tool chief axis crossbeam.
A kind of primary structure of embodiment of tool magazine 1 of the present invention is introduced with reference to Fig. 2 to 5.
Tool magazine 1
Tool magazine 1 includes mainly tool magazine holder 1.1, tool magazine guide rail 1.2, cutter storage storehouse 1.3 and cylinder assembly
1.4, cutter storage storehouse 1.3 is fixed on tool magazine holder 1.1, and tool magazine guide rail 1.2 is fixed on machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3, with knife
Tool library guide rail 1.2 matches the bracket slide 1.13 of tool magazine holder 1.1, and bracket slide 1.13 is fixed on tool magazine holder
1.1, bracket slide 1.13 can be along 1.2 upper and lower translation of tool magazine guide rail, to drive tool magazine holder 1.1 and cutter to store
The upper and lower translation in storehouse 1.3.
Specifically, tool magazine holder 1.1 includes holder bottom plate 1.11, set lagging 1.12, bracket slide 1.13 and positioning
Plate 1.14.Wherein, 1.12 both sides of set lagging are separately connected there are one bracket slide 1.13, and each bracket slide 1.13 is with one
A tool magazine guide rail 1.2 coordinates.Four holder bottom plates 1.11, each holder bottom plate are stretched out in the lower end of set lagging 1.12 forwards
1.11 for fixing a cutter storage storehouse 1.3；Since the quantity of the main shaft 4 of more Spindle Machining Centers in present embodiment is four
It is a, therefore there are four cutter storage storehouses 1.3 for the configuration of tool magazine 1, each cutter storage storehouse 1.3 is for 4 tool changing of main shaft.Cutter
It is parallel with its long side among the upper surface of storage storehouse 1.3 to open up to recessed dovetail groove 1.311, with reference to Figure 4 and 5, dovetail groove
1.311 have up-narrow and down-wide shape, the cross sectional shape of holder bottom plate 1.11 and cutting for dovetail groove 1.311 on its depth direction
Face shape matches, and cutter storage storehouse 1.3 is embedded by dovetail groove 1.311 on holder bottom plate 1.11；In addition, cutter storage storehouse
1.3 are fixed in by bolt positioning on holder bottom plate 1.11 in front end by the positioning of positioning plate 1.14, in bottom.
The air cylinder fixed plate 1.43 of cylinder assembly 1.4 is fixed on machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3, and piston rod holder 1.44 is fixed on
Set lagging 1.12, cylinder block 1.41 are fixedly connected with air cylinder fixed plate 1.43, piston rod 1.42 and piston rod holder 1.44
It is fixedly connected, to which stretching for cylinder piston rod 1.42 provides for tool magazine holder 1.1 relative to about 3 machine tool chief axis crossbeam
The power of translation.It should be appreciated that the actuating unit of 1.1 upper and lower translation of tool magazine holder action is not limited to cylinder, can also use
Other straight-line motion mechanisms in the prior art, such as motor, hydraulic cylinder.It should be appreciated that the tool magazine guide rail in present embodiment
1.2 constitute a part for the tool magazine mounting bracket that mobile installation is carried out for tool magazine holder 1.1, and tool magazine guide rail 1.2 also may be used
To be replaced by other guide parts that can provide linear motion guiding in the prior art.
The whole size on its length direction (Y-direction) of cutter storage storehouse 1.3 is more than the size of its width direction (X to),
Then the cutter 5 that cutter storage storehouse 1.3 accommodates is in a manner of " longitudinal arrangement " (i.e. along the Y-direction energy vertical with machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3
Enough arrange multiple cutters) it is received, and row's formula tool magazine in the prior art is in a manner of " transversely arranged " (in tool magazine
Cutter is arranged along the direction parallel with machine tool chief axis crossbeam) arrangement cutter；Since each main shaft of more Spindle Machining Centers is along lathe
Main shaft crossbeam 3 is alternatively arranged, and the size of space between each main shaft is certain, therefore stores cutter using " transversely arranged " mode
Tool magazine capacity it is limited, and " longitudinal arrangement " mode then dilatation cutter storage capacity of tool magazine significantly.Further to carry
High tool changing efficiency, the present invention in cutter by " longitudinal direction " line up two row be contained in two row arrange cutter containing cavities 1.34 in, example
Cutter containing cavities 1.34 as shown in Figure 4 have 2 row, 10 row, constitute the matrix of one 2 × 10 rows of row, can store 20 altogether
Cutter.This 2 row form arrangement mode will be explained further below the advantages of being shown in tool changing efficiency.
The main part of cutter storage storehouse 1.3 is made of cutter storage board 1.31, in the lower face of cutter storage board 1.31
On open up two exhausting holes, this two exhausting hole is parallel with two long sides of cutter storage board 1.31 respectively, i.e. the first hole shown in Fig. 5
1.341, the first hole 1.341 forms the main part of cutter containing cavities 1.34；The diameter in the first hole 1.341 is slightly larger than handle of a knife
5.2 diameter, the handle of a knife 5.2 of cutter 5, which can be stretched into from the lower end in the first hole 1.341 in the first hole 1.341, to be accommodated.First
The upper end in hole 1.341 is embedded with magnet 1.37, to be attracted by magnet 1.37 after handle of a knife 5.2 stretches into the first hole 1.341
And it is fixed.It should be appreciated that magnet 1.37 other can also have magnetic device replacement by electromagnet etc..
To increase cutter storage storehouse 1.3 to the retentivity of cutter 5, auxiliary fixing structure is added in cutter storage storehouse 1.3.
Specifically, it is respectively equipped with a block length item on the lower face of cutter storage board 1.31, along two long sides of cutter storage board 1.31
The excellent power offset plate 1.32 of shape.The pressing plate 1.33 of same size is covered on every piece of excellent 1.32 surface of power offset plate, using bolt from pressing plate
1.33 lower surface stretches into excellent power offset plate 1.32 and extends further into cutter storage board 1.31 with the excellent power offset plate of fixation 1.32.Excellent power
Glue material, also known as polyurethane PU elastomer, the not only rigidity with plastics, but also the elasticity with rubber.Excellent 1.32 He of power offset plate
Pressing plate 1.33 covers the region where the first hole 1.341, is opened at the position in corresponding first hole 1.341 on excellent power offset plate 1.32
If the second hole 1.342, third hole 1.343 is opened up at the position in corresponding first hole 1.341 on pressing plate 1.33；Second hole 1.342
Diameter be slightly smaller than the diameter of handle of a knife 5.2, the diameter in third hole 1.343 is slightly larger than the diameter of handle of a knife 5.2.First hole 1.341,
Two holes 1.342 and third hole 1.343 together constitute cutter containing cavities 1.34.Since excellent power offset plate 1.32 has good bullet
Property, the bottom-up handle of a knife 5.2 for stretching into cutter containing cavities 1.34 at the second hole 1.342 with excellent power offset plate 1.32 be interference fitted,
To which handle of a knife 5.2 obtains chucking power and stiction from excellent power offset plate 1.32, and excellent power glue material handle of a knife not easy to wear
5.2。
It should be appreciated that magnet 1.37 and excellent power offset plate 1.32 are to make cutter 5 be maintained in cutter storage storehouse 1.3 to provide
Retentivity, the two can use simultaneously, can also omit another one using only one of which.In addition, in present embodiment
Excellent power offset plate 1.32 can also be replaced using the made plank of other wear resistant elastic materials (such as plastics or rubber etc.).Under
Face combines a kind of primary structure of embodiment of the introductions of Fig. 6 to 8 tool changing platform 2 of the present invention.
Tool changing platform 2
The tool changing platform 2 of present embodiment includes mainly tool changing stage+module frame 2.1, tool changing crowfoot 2.2, tool changing pawl group
2.3, crowfoot guidance set 2.4 and drag chain 2.5；Tool changing stage+module frame 2.1 is fixed on the lower part of machine tool chief axis crossbeam 3；Tool changing
Crowfoot 2.2 is connected by crowfoot guidance set 2.4 with tool changing stage+module frame 2.1, by the driving of crowfoot guidance set 2.4 and
Guiding, tool changing crowfoot 2.2 (can move back and forth) relative to 2.1 anterior-posterior translation of tool changing stage+module frame along Y-axis shown in Fig. 6.It drags
One end of chain 2.5 is mounted on tool changing stage+module frame 2.1, and the other end is mounted on tool changing crowfoot 2.2.
Crowfoot guidance set 2.4 includes being set to the crowfoot guide rail 2.42 of 2.1 both sides of tool changing stage+module frame and being set to
Crowfoot driving mechanism 2.41 among two crowfoot guide rail 2.42.Crowfoot driving mechanism 2.41 can be the group that servo motor adds lead screw
It closes, can also be other straight line movement driving mechanisms such as cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinders.Crowfoot driving mechanism 2.41 and crowfoot guide rail
2.42 lower sections are mounted on protective cover 1.6, referring to Fig.1.
The front end of tool changing crowfoot 2.2 is installed with four groups of tool changing pawl groups 2.3, this is to correspond to the knife of present embodiment
Have four cutter storage storehouses 1.3 in library 1, each group of tool changing pawl group 2.3 corresponds to the cutter 5 picked and placeed in a cutter storage storehouse 1.3.
Every group of tool changing pawl group 2.3 includes two tool changing pawls 2.31, since the cutter storage storehouse 1.3 in present embodiment can only upper and lower translation
(being moved back and forth along Z axis), tool changing pawl group 2.3 can only anterior-posterior translation (being moved back and forth along Y-axis), therefore each group of tool changing pawl group 2.3
There is on (X axis) fixed position, the fixed position to meet in left and right directions：Two tool changing pawls in one group of tool changing pawl group 2.3
2.31 coordinate in X-axis respectively with two row cutter containing cavities 1.34 in a cutter storage storehouse 1.3 X-axis coordinate phase
Together, i.e., a tool changing pawl 2.31 specially corresponds to the cutter picked and placeed in a row cutter containing cavities 1.34.Further, since machine tool chief axis 4
It needs to unload former cutter by a tool changing pawl 2.31 in one group of tool changing pawl group 2.3 in tool changing, and by this group of tool changing pawl
Alternative cutter is reinstalled main shaft 4 on another tool changing pawl 2.31 in group 2.3, therefore main shaft 4 has two tool changing positions
Set, when respectively unloading knife correspond to a tool changing pawl 2.31 " withdrawing point " with reload cutter when correspond to another tool changing pawl
2.31 " tool changing point ".
With reference to Fig. 8, each tool changing pawl 2.31 includes two (a pair) tool changing calvus 2.310, two tool changing calvus 2.310 by
Pneumatic control and draw close mutually or away from each other, cutter is picked and placeed to flexibly realize, handle of a knife 5.2 will not be worn.Below will
The state that a pair of of tool changing calvus 2.310 is drawn close mutually is known as the " closed " state of tool changing pawl, and a pair of of tool changing calvus 2.310 is mutual
Separate state is known as " opening " state of tool changing pawl.A pair of of tool changing calvus 2.310 is embraced from the both sides of cutter 5 and takes cutter 5, each
The pawl head of tool changing calvus 2.310 is in the posture that bend to cutter 5, and the contact point of tool changing calvus 2.310 and cutter 5 is (hereinafter referred to as
" the clamped portion of cutter ") it is located at the root of the handle of a knife 5.2 contacted with cutter head 5.1, and cutter head 5.1 is by two tool changing calvus
2.310 being accommodated from both sides.It should be appreciated that the power source that tool changing calvus 2.310 acts may not be high pressure gas, and use existing
There are other traction powers in technology.
With reference to Fig. 9 to 22 introduce tool changing platform 2 how with tool magazine 1 coordinate constitute the present invention cutter-exchange mechanism, with
And how cutter-exchange mechanism coordinates machine tool chief axis 4 to complete exchanging knives process.
The exchanging knives process of cutter-exchange mechanism
In order to improve tool changing efficiency, the exchanging knives process needs in the present invention are changed by two in a tool changing pawl group 2.3
The two tool changing pawls are referred to as the first tool changing pawl 2.311 and the second tool changing pawl 2.312 by cutter claw below for convenience of description, this
Left and right position of two tool changing pawls in a tool changing pawl group 2.3 simultaneously has no special requirements.It is right for the efficient progress of tool changing action
In the equipment with multiple main shafts/multiple cutters storage storehouse/multigroup tool changing pawl group, between multigroup tool changing pawl group, the first tool changing
The left and right relative position of pawl 2.311 and the second tool changing pawl 2.312 will keep unified, such as have in each group of tool changing pawl group the
One tool changing pawl 2.311 is in left, the second tool changing pawl 2.312 on the right side, and in this way in 4 exchanging knives process of multiple main shafts, multiple main shafts 4 are put down
It is mobile to make to be consistent；Certainly, for the equipment with multiple main shafts/multiple cutters storage storehouse/multigroup tool changing pawl group, more
Between group tool changing pawl group, the left and right relative position of the first tool changing pawl 2.311 and the second tool changing pawl 2.312 can not also keep uniting
One, in this way in 4 exchanging knives process of multiple main shafts, the translation motion of multiple main shafts 4 will be not quite identical；Introduced below is more
Between group tool changing pawl group, the left and right relative position of the first tool changing pawl 2.311 and the second tool changing pawl 2.312 keeps unified situation.
S1 is for knife
1 return of S1.1 tool magazines, i.e. cutter storage storehouse 1.3 return to its peak under cylinder drive, in order to following step
The action of rapid tool changing platform 2；
For S1.2 according to selecting knife to instruct, tool changing crowfoot 2.2 makes the first tool changing of 2.2 front end of tool changing crowfoot along Y-axis anterior-posterior translation
Pawl 2.311 (cutter is not clamped in each tool changing pawl at this time) is moved to the underface of corresponding target tool 5, while first changes
Cutter claw 2.311 open (four group of first tool changing pawl 2.311 in the present embodiment act simultaneously, four group of second tool changing pawl 2.312 simultaneously
Action, is not repeated to illustrate below), with reference to Fig. 9；
S1.3 cutters storage storehouse 1.3 translates downwards under cylinder drive, until the cutter head 5.1 of target tool 5 is by the first tool changing
Two tool changing calvus 2.310 receiving of pawl 2.311, the pawl grease head highness of tool changing pawl 2.310 are located just at the clamped of cutter 5
Portion, referring to Fig.1 0；
The first tool changing of S1.4 pawl 2.311 is closed, and target tool 5 clamped by the first tool changing pawl 2.311, and referring to Fig.1 1；
1 return of S1.5 tool magazines, cutter storage storehouse 1.3 rise, and 2.311 clamp-on tool 5 of the first tool changing pawl overcomes cutter
The magnetic force from magnet 1.37 suffered by 5 and the frictional force from excellent power offset plate 1.32 to by cutter 5 from cutter containing cavities
It is extracted in 1.34, referring to Fig.1 2；
S2 main shaft tool changing
S2.1 main shafts 4 are stalled and are moved to right over withdrawing point；Tool changing crowfoot 2.2 moves forwards, until tool changing pawl group 2.3 arrives
Up to immediately below main shaft, referring to Fig.1 3；
The second tool changing of S2.2 pawl 2.312 is opened, and referring to Fig.1 4；
S2.3 main shafts 4 are displaced downwardly to withdrawing point, and the cutter 5 on main shaft 4 is by two tool changing calvus of the second tool changing pawl 2.312
2.310 receivings, the second tool changing pawl 2.312 are closed, and referring to Fig.1 5；
The loose knife of S2.4 main shafts 4 moves to home on main shaft 4, and original cutter 5 is by the second tool changing pawl 2.312 on main shaft 4
It unloads and stays in the second tool changing pawl 2.312, referring to Fig.1 6；
S2.5 main shafts 4 move to right over the first tool changing pawl 2.311, and referring to Fig.1 7；
S2.6 main shafts 4 are displaced downwardly to tool changing point, and one end of the handle of a knife 5.2 of cutter 5 is fully inserted into the cutter holding on main shaft 4
Position, main shaft 4 complete cutter clamping, and referring to Fig.1 8；
The first tool changing of S2.7 pawl 2.311 is opened, and home is moved on main shaft 4, and main shaft completes tool changing, and referring to Fig.1 9；
S2.8 main shafts 4 continue to process operation with the cutter 5 of new clamping；
S3 cutters are put in storage
S3.1 tool changing crowfoot 2.2 rearward moves, until the second tool changing pawl 2.312 reaches target tool containing cavities 1.34 just
Lower section, with reference to Figure 20；
S3.2 cutters storage storehouse 1.3 moves down, and the handle of a knife 5.2 of cutter 5 is inserted into target tool containing cavities 1.34, the second tool changing
Pawl 2.312 is opened, and cutter is maintained by the frictional force of magnetic force and excellent power offset plate by cutter containing cavities 1.34, with reference to Figure 21；
1 return of S3.3 tool magazines, cutter storage storehouse 1.3 return to peak with the cutter 5 of Hui Ku.
So far exchanging knives process is completed.
Significantly, since each main shaft 4 is corresponded to there are two tool changing pawl 2.31, the first tool changing pawl 2.311 can carry
Preceding standby knife, during S1 is for knife, cutter is not clamped and as " terminal " in exchanging knives process in S2 for the second tool changing pawl 2.312
It plays a role in main shaft exchanging knives process；Therefore during entire S1 is for knife, machine tool chief axis 4 can continue to process operation,
Without stopping processing at once, or perhaps it can first start S1 before the completion of 4 current manufacturing procedure of main shaft for knife mistake
Journey, during needing to unload when the cutter on forward spindle 4 and be replaced with S1 again for knife until main shaft 4 completes current manufacturing procedure
When the new cutter chosen, just stop the current processing of main shaft 4.It is needed in compared with the prior art by the cutter on main shaft 4 first
The tool changing flow put back to tool magazine, take new cutter again, the present invention, will standby knife process and main shafts 4 by two tool changing pawls 2.31
Action it is independent, reduce the time that main shaft 4 stops operation in exchanging knives process, improve tool changing efficiency and main shaft 4 plus
Work efficiency rate.
It should be appreciated that a row cutter containing cavities can also only be arranged in the cutter storage storehouse 1.3 of tool magazine 1 of the present invention
1.34, cutter containing cavities 1.34 constitute the matrix of a row multirow, at this point, each tool changing pawl group 2.3 of tool changing platform 2 still can be with
It is arranged to tool there are two tool changing pawl 2.31, the two tool changing pawls 2.31 are parallel along the row constituted with multiple cutter containing cavities 1.34
The front and back arrangement in direction, the two tool changing pawls 2.31 X-direction coordinate and cutter containing cavities 1.34 X-direction coordinate phase
Together.
In addition, arbitrary row can also be arranged in the cutter storage storehouse 1.3 of tool magazine 1 of the present invention in the case where space allows
Each tool changing pawl group 2.3 of (one or more columns per page) cutter containing cavities 1.34, tool changing platform 2 includes at least two tool changing pawls 2.31,
The two tool changing pawls 2.31 X-direction coordinate can with each cutter containing cavities 1.34 X-direction the incomplete phase of coordinate
Together；At this point, adding the mechanism for making cutter storage storehouse 1.3 be translated along X-direction or adding keeps tool changing crowfoot 2.2 flat along X-direction
The mechanism of shifting, so that the cutter 5 that each tool changing pawl 2.31 can be in a respective operations at least row cutter containing cavities 1.34.
It should be appreciated that each tool changing pawl group 2.3 of tool changing platform 2 of the present invention can also be arranged to only tool, there are one tool changing pawls
2.31.In this case, cutter-exchange mechanism does not have in advance for knife function, and the needs of tool changing pawl 2.31 first will be original on main shaft 4
Cutter 5, which is removed, puts back to tool magazine 1, then from being selected in tool magazine 1 on new target tool 5 clamping to main shaft 4.
It should be appreciated that the above embodiment is merely exemplary, it is not used in the limitation present invention.Those skilled in the art can be with
Various modifications and changes are made to the above embodiment under the teachings of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tool magazine, including tool magazine mounting bracket, tool magazine holder and several cutter storage storehouses, the tool magazine mounting bracket
It is configured to be fixed on machine tool chief axis crossbeam, the tool magazine holder is installed on the tool magazine mounting bracket, and the cutter is received
Na Cang is fixed on the tool magazine holder, and each cutter storage storehouse includes multiple cutter containing cavities, it is characterised in that：
The multiple cutter containing cavities in each cutter storage storehouse are arranged in cutter containing cavities matrix, edge and the lathe
The cutter containing cavities of the parallel direction arrangement of main shaft crossbeam constitute the row of the cutter containing cavities matrix, the cutter storage
The line number of chamber matrix is more than 1.
2. tool magazine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The handle of a knife end of the cutter can stretch into the cutter and receive
It receives chamber and is surrounded by the cutter containing cavities.
3. tool magazine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The cutter storage storehouse includes cutter storage board, along machine
Bed major axes orientation opens up through-hole in cutter storage board and forms the cutter containing cavities, and the upper end of the through-hole is provided with magnetic portion
The lower end of part, the through-hole is stretched into for the handle of a knife.
4. tool magazine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The cutter storage storehouse further includes auxiliary grip block, institute
State auxiliary grip block be arranged offered on the lower face of the cutter storage board, the auxiliary grip block and the cutter storage
The cutter accepting hole of chamber perforation, the diameter of the cutter accepting hole are slightly less than the diameter of the handle of a knife, when the handle of a knife passes through institute
It states handle of a knife when cutter accepting hole and forms interference fit with the cutter accepting hole.
5. tool magazine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The auxiliary grip block is made of wear resistant elastic material.
6. tool magazine according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that：The tool magazine holder can opposite institute
State tool magazine mounting bracket upper and lower translation.
7. a kind of cutter-exchange mechanism comprising machine tool chief axis crossbeam, tool magazine and tool changing platform, the tool magazine are to be wanted according to right
The tool magazine described in any one of 1 to 6 is sought, in the cutter storage storehouse of the tool magazine, along horizontal with the machine tool chief axis
The cutter containing cavities of the vertical direction arrangement of beam constitute the cutter containing cavities matrix column, the cutter containing cavities matrix
Including two row；
The tool changing platform includes tool changing stage+module frame, tool changing crowfoot and several tool changing pawl groups, the tool changing stage+module frame
It is fixed on the lower part of the machine tool chief axis crossbeam, the tool changing crowfoot is installed on the tool changing stage+module frame, the tool changing pawl
Group is installed on the tool changing crowfoot, and the quantity of the tool changing pawl group is identical as the quantity of cutter storage storehouse, is changed described in one
Cutter claw group includes two tool changing pawls being arranged in juxtaposition；
Each described tool changing pawl group is located at the underface of a cutter storage storehouse, and in each described tool changing pawl group
One tool changing pawl is located at the underface of a row of the cutter containing cavities matrix.
8. cutter-exchange mechanism according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The tool magazine holder can the relatively described tool magazine peace
Upper and lower translation is shelved, the tool changing crowfoot can the relatively described tool changing stage+module frame anterior-posterior translation.
9. cutter-exchange mechanism according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that：The tool changing pawl includes two and opposite can open
Or the tool changing calvus being closed, the opening or closure of the tool changing calvus are controlled by power source, to pick and place institute in the tool changing pawl
During stating cutter, with the cutter sliding friction does not occur for the tool changing calvus.
10. a kind of more Spindle Machining Centers, including main shaft and cutter-exchange mechanism；
The cutter-exchange mechanism is the cutter-exchange mechanism according to any one of claim 7 to 9；The main shaft have it is multiple, it is multiple
Main shaft arrangement spaced a certain distance on the machine tool chief axis crossbeam；
It is characterized in that：The quantity of the cutter storage storehouse of the tool magazine is equal with the quantity of the main shaft.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810294704.2A CN108655797B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Tool magazine, tool changing mechanism and multi-spindle machining center |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810294704.2A CN108655797B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Tool magazine, tool changing mechanism and multi-spindle machining center |
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| CN108655797A true CN108655797A (en) | 2018-10-16 |
| CN108655797B CN108655797B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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| CN110919436A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-27 | 湖北文理学院 | Movable machine tool changing device |
| CN111136492A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-05-12 | 深圳市盛利达数控设备有限公司 | Numerical control machine tool with knife bin device |
| CN114746211A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-07-12 | P和L合资有限公司 | Machine tool with at least two tool changing devices |
| CN115338637A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-11-15 | 浙江浩丰精密机械有限公司 | High-flexibility precise 16-axis CNC machining combined machine tool |
| CN115647881A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-31 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Many main shafts knife handle is with dress sword auxiliary device |
| WO2023011835A1 (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-09 | Deckel Maho Pfronten Gmbh | Tool transport system and method for exchanging tools at machine tools |
| CN116441983A (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-07-18 | 常州艾柏纳精密机械有限公司 | Tool magazine structure of three-spindle numerical control machining center machine tool |
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