CN108654357B - Biological treatment device for burning three wastes and artificial micro-ecological system - Google Patents
Biological treatment device for burning three wastes and artificial micro-ecological system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108654357B CN108654357B CN201810717232.7A CN201810717232A CN108654357B CN 108654357 B CN108654357 B CN 108654357B CN 201810717232 A CN201810717232 A CN 201810717232A CN 108654357 B CN108654357 B CN 108654357B
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
- F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/102—Nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a biological treatment device for three wastes of combustion, which is formed by connecting a biological reaction system, a waste liquid and waste residue pretreatment system, a heat exchange system and a spray gas-liquid exchange system in series through pipelines, and realizes the synchronous treatment of the three wastes of combustion by microorganisms through water circulation, element circulation and energy circulation. The invention also provides a microecological system for treating the artificial components of the three wastes generated by combustion. The device can efficiently remove and purify pollutants in the three wastes of combustion, avoid secondary pollution of water quality, effectively realize the efficient utilization of nutrient elements, greatly promote the output efficiency of biological products by the eutrophication production mode, has huge economic benefit and low operation cost, coordinates the contradiction between environment and industrial production, and has good social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological purification, in particular to a biological treatment device for burning three wastes and an artificial micro-ecological system.
Background
CO is produced by combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas 2 、SO 2 、NO x Particulate matter, ash, etc., and the concentrated discharge of a large amount of combustion products in a short period of time causes serious environmental and ecological problems. Wherein CO is 2 The gas has the functions of heat absorption and heat insulation, and after the gas is covered in the air, the heat radiated to the earth by the sun cannot be dispersed to the outer space, so that the greenhouse effect is formed, and the global warming is caused. SO (SO) 2 The gas can directly actIn respiratory mucosa, diseases are caused, and a large amount of SO 2 The particulate emissions may form sulfuric acid type fumes. NO (NO) x The gas comprises NO 2 、N 2 O 5 Etc. are toxic gases, when NO x The concentration of the components is accumulated to a certain concentration, so that photochemical smog with greater toxicity and hazard is formed. Particulate matter and ash emissions into the atmosphere can cause PM2.5 and PM10 pollution.
In the prior art, common desulfurization methods include: limestone-gypsum method, indirect limestone-gypsum method, lemon absorption method, etc., the denitration method is: (1) Selective non-catalytic reduction denitration (SNCR), and (2) selective catalytic reduction denitration (SCR). The traditional desulfurization, denitration and emission reduction methods have the advantages of large investment, high energy consumption, large consumption of CaCO3, NH3, urea, alkali liquor catalyst and other resources, the generated products cannot be effectively utilized, the transportation energy consumption and the cost are abandoned, a large amount of land is occupied by stacking, and some substances soluble in water cause secondary pollution. Among these three wastes, besides harmful substances, a large amount of N, P, K, mg and other nutrient elements are still contained, and the direct disposal is definitely a huge waste. In patent CN105483013a, a method and a device for synchronously producing oil, fixing carbon, desulfurizing and removing nitro by using microalgae are disclosed, and the application uses microalgae to treat waste gas, so that the defects of the traditional chemical method are overcome to a certain extent, but the method still has the following defects: 1. the device only treats the waste gas, and the purification treatment of the waste water and the waste residue is not involved; 2, the device can realize the culture of microalgae and the treatment of waste gas by adding a culture medium, has high cost, and does not effectively utilize vital elements in three wastes; 3. the device uses the algae of a specific single pure species, lacks the support of other organisms in a corresponding ecological system, is easy to block the metabolic process, cannot use certain elements, even the toxicity of certain elements can poison the algae, and has very limited absorption capacity for eutrophication; 4. the device is an open device, secondary pollution is still possible to be generated after the treated water body is discharged, and the energy consumption is high; 5. the end product of the device is only grease, and the utilization space is small.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological treatment device for burning three wastes, which overcomes the defects of the prior art.
The biological treatment device provided by the invention comprises the following parts: the biological reaction system, the waste liquid and waste residue pretreatment system, the heat exchange system and the spray gas-liquid exchange system are connected in series by pipelines.
The specific design scheme of each system is as follows:
the biological reaction system comprises an aerobic tank, a photosynthetic bioreactor and a clarifier, which are sequentially connected through pipelines. Wherein, the aerobic tank is provided with a prokaryotic system comprising Botrytis, nitrosation monospora, vibrio, desulphurisation coccus, desulphurisation line and desulphurisation monospora; inside the photosynthetic bioreactor is a eukaryotic organism system including chlorella and hydrocytophaga; the clarification tank is externally provided with a water pump and a water pipe connected to the top of the spray tower, the purified water pump is circularly used in the spray tower, and the water pump is powered by an external circuit.
The waste residue and waste liquid pretreatment system is a dissolving tank with a deslagging device, water is used as a solvent in the dissolving tank, the solution after deslagging is filtered and enters the photosynthetic bioreactor through a pipeline, and the combustion waste liquid and the deslagged waste liquid enter the photosynthetic bioreactor together through a waste liquid inlet.
The heat exchange system is a heat exchanger, a flue waste gas inlet pipe is connected with a heat absorption sheet air inlet pipe of the heat exchanger, flue waste gas which completes heat exchange is discharged from an outlet pipe of the heat absorption sheet, the heat absorption sheet of the heat exchanger absorbs heat from the flue waste gas, the heat is transferred to a cooling sheet through medium circulation, the cooling sheet is arranged at the bottom and around of the bioreactor, and a circulating pump connected with an external circuit is arranged in the heat exchanger.
The top end of the spray gas-liquid exchange system is provided with a water inlet, the side wall close to the bottom is provided with an air inlet, water is leached from the top of the spray tower to flue waste gas entering the air inlet by vaporific liquid, soluble substances in the flue gas are dissolved in the water, the bottom of the spray tower is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected to the biological reaction system in a pipeline mode. The spraying system adopts a circulating water design, a water inlet is connected with a clarification tank of the biological reaction system, and water purified by the biological reaction system is pumped by a water pump to enter a spraying tower. The side wall of the top of the spraying tower is provided with an air outlet, and the primarily purified flue gas is discharged into a photosynthetic bioreactor of the biological reaction system through a pipeline.
Preferably, the light and reaction tank in the biological reaction system of the present invention is provided with a solid-liquid separation device, and the solid-liquid separation device is a mechanical solid-liquid separation device, for example, a belt type grid.
Preferably, the biological treatment device further comprises a heavy metal adsorption tower, wherein the heavy metal adsorption tower is arranged between an outlet pipe of the heat exchange system and a pipeline of an air inlet of the spray tower, and carbon-based adsorbent, fly ash, mineral adsorbent, metal compound adsorbent and complexing adsorbent are filled in the adsorption tower.
Preferably, the automatic temperature control system integrated and controlled by the PLC or the singlechip system is arranged in the heat exchange system, the temperature is set to be between 28 and 39 ℃, if the temperature is lower than the set value, the control system turns on the circulating pump of the heat exchange system, so that hot water in the heating pipe flows, and if the temperature of the reactor is higher than the set temperature, the circulating pump is stopped.
Preferably, the biological reaction system is provided with a pH automatic adjusting system which is integrally controlled by a PLC or a singlechip system, and mainly comprises a pH probe, a power circulation unit and a reagent adding unit. The pH value is set to be 6.6-8.5, and if the pH value is lower than the set value, a control system controls the operation of a reagent adding pump to add lime milk (Ca (OH) 2 ) If the temperature is higher than the set value, adding organic acid such as citric acid or acetic acid.
Preferably, the light and the reaction tank in the biological reaction system are internally provided with the illumination system which is integrally controlled by the PLC or the singlechip system and mainly comprises an illumination probe, a data processing unit and an artificial light source, and the control system turns on the artificial light source under the condition that the illumination intensity of natural light is less than 6 thousand lx within 72 hours continuously so as to maintain the high reaction activity of the biological system.
The illumination system, the automatic temperature control system and the pH automatic regulating system are powered by an external circuit.
Preferably, a blower, an air valve and a gas flowmeter are arranged on a flue gas pipeline between an air outlet of the heat exchange system and the heavy metal adsorption tower in the biological treatment device.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an artificially constructed micro-ecological system for treating combustion three wastes. The microecological system specifically comprises the following strains: burkholderia genusBurkholderiaMonomonas nitrosationNitrosomonasVibrio spDesulfovibrioDesulphurisation genusDesulfobacterPediococcus spDesulfococcusDesulphurizing linea genusDesulfonemaMonomonas sulfur removalDesulfuromonas，Chlorella genusChlorellaHydrocytophaga genusHydrogenophaga。Wherein the genus BurkholderiaBurkholderia 2.7x10 4 CFU/L, monomonas nitrosationNitrosomonas 8.6x10 4 CFU/L, vibrio genus desulphurizedDesulfovibrioGenus desulphurisationDesulfobacterGenus PediococcusDesulfococcusGenus DehydromycesDesulfonemaMonomonas sulfur removalDesulfuromonasAre all 5.9x10 3 CFU/L, the mixed bacteria form an aerobic fermentation system; chlorella genusChlorella 9.9x10 5 CFU/L, hydrophagaHydrogenophaga 6.4x10 4 CFU/L, the two bacteria are mixed to form a photosynthetic reaction system. The two systems are combined to form an artificially constructed micro-ecological system for treating fossil energy and three wastes generated by biomass combustion.
The biological treatment device for treating the three wastes generated by combustion is characterized in that water is leached from the top of a spray tower in a form of mist liquid to obtain primary purification by leaching of inner circulating water, and purified gas is discharged into a photosynthetic bioreactor through an air outlet of the spray tower. The circulating water can dissolve part of the oxidation state metals (CaO, tiO) in water 2 、MgO、K 2 O、Na 2 O, etc.), in oxidation state, non-metal (P 2 O 5 、SO 3 Etc.), and partially soluble gases (SO) 2 、NO 2 EtcPartial solubility of lower gases (CO 2 NO, etc.) are dissolved into the water body to form an eutrophic water body, and the eutrophic water body flows into an aerobic tank, so that partial aerobic bacteria and metaplastic heterotrophic microorganisms, such as nitrosates, carry out aerobic conversion on some harmful components in the water body, and enable the valence state of the compound to be close to the highest oxidation valence state as much as possible, thereby reducing toxicity. The water-soluble part of the waste residue enters the photosynthetic bioreactor through the waste residue and waste liquid pretreatment system, and the dissolution liquid of the waste residue and the nutrient elements (mainly: mgO and K) in the waste liquid 2 O、Na 2 O、SO 3 、P 2 O 5 ) Is added into a photosynthetic bioreactor, and the primary purified flue gas discharged by a spray tower mainly contains undissolved CO 2 N 2 Filling the space above the water body of the photosynthetic bioreactor with high-concentration gas and high-concentration CO 2 Promoting photosynthetic carbon fixation efficiency of the aquatic organism system. All pollution generated by combustion, including waste gas, ash and waste liquid, are enriched in the photosynthetic bioreactor to form a high-concentration eutrophic culture system. The waste gas is mainly non-metal oxide and has acidity, the main water-soluble component in ash is metal oxide and has alkalinity, and the two substances have pH value regulating effect in the bioreactor, so that the pH value is close to neutral, and the biological conversion can be directly carried out. At the moment, the photosynthetic bioreactor utilizes the rapid assimilation of the photoautotrophic organisms on nutrient elements (N, P, K and the like) to absorb the nutrient elements into the body to form a large amount of biomass, meanwhile, the polluted water body is purified and changed into oligotrophic water body again, the water body after the solid-liquid separation of the photosynthetic bioreactor is completed enters a clarification tank, and the water body enters a spray tower, an aerobic tank and the photosynthetic bioreactor again through a water pump in the clarification tank for continuous circulation. The biomass separated in the clarifier can be used as products for producing biological feed, biological energy, biological fertilizer and the like. The heat in the flue gas is supplied to the biological reaction system with the requirement on temperature through the heat exchange system, and the temperature is regulated through the automatic temperature control system, so that the growth condition of microorganisms in the biological reaction system is ensured. The heavy metal adsorption tower can pretreat heavy metal substances in the flue gas to reduce the toxicity of the flue gasThe activity of microorganisms in the device is ensured, and the purification efficiency of the device is improved. The pH automatic regulating system and the illumination system added in the device can improve the metabolic rate of the microorganisms in the device to the nutrient substances in the three-waste aqueous solution, improve the purification efficiency and promote the stability of the microecological system in the device, thereby further reducing the cost.
The biological treatment device for treating the three wastes generated by combustion provided by the invention is used for synchronously treating wastewater, waste gas and waste residues, and nutritional elements contained in the three wastes supplement each other for maintaining the stability of a microecological system of an artificial member.
The biological treatment device for treating the three wastes generated by combustion has three circulation characteristics: 1. circulating water characteristics. The circulating water of the invention is used as solvent to dissolve the nutrient substances in the waste gas, ash and waste water generated by combustion into water. But also can be used as biological culture solution to create a proper living environment for biomass. 2. Element cycle characteristics. The invention circularly moves the elements existing in the natural world into factory building equipment in a limited space, combines the biological purification process, the biological energy production process and the combustion energy production process of a thermal power plant, and utilizes the micro-ecological technology to reconstruct the self-purification function and ecological circulation of the natural world. 3. And (5) utilizing waste heat of a flue. The invention combines the waste heat discharged by combustion with the temperature requirement of biological culture to form a low-energy consumption and energy-recycling production system.
The artificial micro-ecological system for treating the combustion three wastes is an artificial micro-ecological system which combines the principles of ecology restoration, microbiology and the like through natural screening, adds a series of engineering strains with special functions and can accelerate decomposition and purification, and is high-efficiency degraded by means of degradation capability and symbiotic consideration and stable in symbiotic manner, so that the high-efficiency operation of the biological treatment device for treating the combustion three wastes is ensured.
The biological treatment device for treating the three wastes generated by combustion firstly realizes the removal and purification of pollutants and reduces the pollution from the aspect of element circulationThe device has huge ecological benefit of carbon emission, and after purifying the flue gas, SO in the discharged purified gas 2 The removal rate of (a) reaches 77.1 percent, and NOx (in NO) 2 Calculated) the removal rate reaches 78 percent, SO 2 The gas with NOx indexes treated by the device can meet the emission requirement of emission standard GB13223-2011 of atmospheric pollutants of thermal power plants; CO from flue gas dissolved in water 2 The removal rate reaches about 93 percent, and the SO dissolved in the water 2 The removal rate reaches about 94%, so that secondary pollution of water quality is avoided, and efficient utilization of nutrient elements is effectively realized; through dissolution and biological treatment, the nutrient elements in the waste residue are also greatly utilized, the dissolution utilization rate of N is 74.6%, P is 69.6%, and K is 95.1%; the device utilizes a large amount of C, N, S, P, K and other vital elements and trace elements, and the three wastes, namely flue gas, waste water and waste residue, are treated by the device, so that the utilization rate of nutrient elements dissolved in water is high, the utilization rate of Fe is 99.9%, the utilization rate of Mg is 99.7%, the utilization rate of K is 99%, the utilization rate of Ca is 95.5%, the utilization rate of P is 96.7%, S is 84.1%, the eutrophication production mode greatly promotes the output efficiency of biological products, and the device can be widely combined with industries such as planting industry, feed, chemical fertilizer, cultivation, health care products, biological industry, agriculture and the like, and has huge economic benefits; the autotrophy or the rain-keeping of the living beings is realized, the whole industrial chain does not need purchasing materials, and the running cost is low; the invention belongs to the biological industry, has no pollution per se, and belongs to the zero-pollution industry; the treatment of pollutants does not produce secondary pollution; the waste heat utilization design also increases the utilization efficiency of energy sources and improves the biological productivity; reconciling the contradiction between environment and industrial production; creates an emerging bioconversion industry, increases employment and has good social benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1.
In the figure, 1 is an aerobic tank, 2 is a photosynthetic bioreactor, 3 is a clarification tank, 4 is a pipeline, 5 is a solid-liquid separation device, 6 is a spray tower, 7 is a dissolution tank, 8 is a heat exchanger, 9 is a flue gas inlet pipe, 10 is an outlet pipe, 11 is a radiating fin, 12 is a blower, 13 is an air valve, 14 is a gas flowmeter, 15 is a water inlet, 16 is an air inlet, 17 is a water outlet, 18 is an air outlet, 19 is a heavy metal adsorption tower, 20 is a waste liquid inlet, 21 is a water pump, and 22 is a liquid flowmeter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The strain selected in the following examples is of the genus BurkholderiaBurkholderiaMonomonas nitrosationNitrosomonasVibrio spDesulfovibrioDesulphurisation genusDesulfobacterPediococcus spDesulfococcusDesulphurizing linea genusDesulfonemaMonomonas sulfur removalDesulfuromonas，Chlorella genusChlorellaHydrocytophaga genusHydrogenophaga，All the strains were kept in the laboratory.
The medium formulation used in the following examples was as follows:
LB medium: tryptone (Tryptone) 10g/L, yeast extract (Yeast extract) 5g/L, sodium chloride (NaCl) 10g/L
Nitromonas bacterial culture medium: (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 2g/L，NaCl 0.3g/L，FeSO 4 ･7H 2 O 0.03g/L，K 2 HPO 4 1g/L，MgSO 4 ･7H 2 O 0.03g/L，NaHCO 3 1.6g/L。
S metabolizing bacterial culture medium: naCl 2g/L, NH 4 Cl 1g/L，K 2 HPO 4 0.5g/L，Na 2 PO 4 0.5g/L，MgSO 4 ･7H 2 O 2g/L，CaCl 2 0.1g/L，FeSO4(NH 4 )( SO 4 ) 2 ･6H 2 O0.5 g/L,70% lactic acid 5mL/L, yeast extract 1g/L.
Chlorella culture medium NaNO 3 15.0 g/L，K 2 HPO 4 4g/L dH 2 O，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 7.53.75 g/L，CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 3.6 g/L，Citric acid 0.6 g/L，Ferric ammonium citrate 0.6g/l，EDTANa 2 0.1g/L，Na 2 CO 3 2.0g/L。
The method for measuring each element and component in the liquid in the following examples is as follows:
the method for measuring each component in the gas in the following examples is as follows:
embodiment 1 construction of a biological treatment device
As shown in FIG. 1, a biological treatment device for combusting three wastes was constructed. The biological treatment device comprises the following parts: the biological reaction system, the waste liquid and waste residue pretreatment system, the heat exchange system and the spray gas-liquid exchange system are connected in series by pipelines.
As shown in figure 1, the biological reaction system comprises an aerobic tank 1, a photosynthetic bioreactor 2 and a clarifier 3, which are sequentially connected through a pipeline 4. Wherein, a prokaryotic system is arranged in the aerobic tank 1 and comprises burkholderia, nitrosylvestris, vibrio, desulphurisation coccus, desulphurisation line and desulphurisation monospora; inside the photosynthetic bioreactor 2 is a eukaryotic organism system including chlorella and hydrocytophaga; a solid-liquid separation device 5 with a strip-shaped grating is arranged in the photosynthetic bioreactor 2; the clarifier 3 is provided with a water pump 21 and a liquid flowmeter 22 outside and is connected to a pipeline 4 at the top of the spray tower 6, the purified water pump is circularly used in the spray tower 6, and the water pump 21 is powered by an external circuit. The aerobic tank 1 is internally provided with a pH automatic regulating system which is controlled by a PLC or a singlechip system in an integrated way, and mainly comprises a pH probe, a power circulation unit and a reagent adding unit. The pH value is set to be 6.6-8.5, and if the pH value is lower than the set value, a control system controls the operation of a reagent adding pump to add lime milk (Ca (OH) 2 ) If the temperature is higher than the set value, adding organic acid such as citric acid or acetic acid. The light and reaction tank 2 is provided with a light source composed of PLC or the illumination system of singlechip system integrated control, mainly include illumination probe and data processing unit and artificial light source, in the continuous 72h, under the illumination intensity of natural light is less than 6 thousand lx circumstances, then control system opens artificial light source to maintain biological system's high reactivity. The illumination system, the automatic temperature control system and the pH automatic regulating system are all powered by an external circuit.
The waste residue and waste liquid pretreatment system is a dissolving tank 7 with a deslagging device, water is used as a solvent in the dissolving tank 7, the solution after deslagging is filtered and enters the photosynthetic bioreactor 2 through a pipeline 4, and the combustion waste liquid directly enters the pipeline 4 through a waste liquid inlet 20 and enters the photosynthetic bioreactor 2 together with the waste liquid after deslagging.
The heat exchange system is a heat exchanger 8, a flue gas inlet pipe 9 is connected with a heat absorption sheet air inlet pipe of the heat exchanger 8, and flue gas after heat exchange is discharged from an outlet pipe 10 of the heat absorption sheet and enters the biological treatment device again. The heat absorption sheet of the heat exchanger 8 absorbs heat from flue waste gas, the heat is transferred to the heat dissipation sheet 11 through medium circulation, the heat dissipation sheet 11 is arranged at the bottom and around each part of the bioreactor, and a circulating pump connected with an external circuit is arranged in the heat exchanger. The heat exchange system is provided with an automatic temperature control system which is controlled by a PLC or a singlechip system in an integrated way, the temperature is set to be between 28 and 39 ℃, if the temperature is lower than the set value, the control system turns on a circulating pump of the heat exchange system to enable hot water in a heating pipe to flow, and if the temperature of a reactor is higher than the set temperature, the circulating pump is stopped. The air outlet pipeline is provided with a blower 13, an air valve 13 and a gas flowmeter 14, which are used for controlling the air inflow of the whole biological treatment device so as to ensure efficient purification.
The top end of the spray gas-liquid exchange system is provided with a water inlet 15, the side wall close to the bottom is provided with an air inlet 16, water is leached from the top of the spray tower 6 by atomized liquid to the flue waste gas entering from the air inlet 16, soluble substances in the flue gas are dissolved in the water, the bottom of the spray tower is provided with a water outlet 15, and the water outlet 17 is connected to the biological reaction system by a pipeline. The spraying system adopts a circulating water design, a water inlet 15 is connected with a clarification tank 3 of the biological reaction system, and water purified by the biological reaction system is pumped by a water pump to enter a spraying tower 6. The top side wall of the spray tower 6 is provided with an air outlet 18 for discharging the primarily purified flue gas into the photosynthetic bioreactor 2 of the biological reaction system through the pipeline 4.
As shown in fig. 1, a heavy metal adsorption tower 19 is arranged between the outlet pipe 10 of the heat exchange system and the pipeline of the air inlet 16 of the spray tower 6, and carbon-based adsorbent, fly ash, mineral-based adsorbent, metal compound-based adsorbent and complexing adsorbent are filled in the adsorption tower 19.
EXAMPLE 2 construction of Artificial microecological System
Preparing liquid seed liquid. The following strains were stored in the laboratory: burkholderia genusBurkholderiaMonomonas nitrosationNitrosomonasVibrio spDesulfovibrioDesulphurisation genusDesulfobacterPediococcus spDesulfococcusDesulphurizing linea genusDesulfonemaMonomonas sulfur removalDesulfuromonas，Chlorella genusChlorellaHydrocytophaga genusHydrogenophagaRejuvenating by adopting a liquid culture medium, carrying out shaking culture under the culture condition that the pH value is 6-8 and the culture temperature is 25+/-5 ℃, and culturing until fermentation liquor in the logarithmic phase is the seed liquor.
Wherein the genus BurkholderiaBurkholderiaNitrosation of Monomonas using LB mediumNitrosomonasAdopts a nitrosation monospora bacterial culture medium and a desulfurated vibrioDesulfovibrioGenus desulphurisationDesulfobacterGenus PediococcusDesulfococcusGenus DehydromycesDesulfonemaMonomonas sulfur removalDesulfuromonasUse of S metabolizing bacterial culture medium，Chlorella genusChlorellaHydrocytophaga genusHydrogenophagaA green algae culture medium is used.
Mixing bacterial liquid in logarithmic growth phase as seed liquid, and the viable count of each bacterial strain after mixing is as follows: burkholderia genusBurkholderiaInoculum size 2.7x10 4 CFU/L, monomonas nitrosationNitrosomonasInoculum size 8.6x10 4 CFU/L, vibrio genus desulphurizedDesulfovibrioGenus desulphurisationDesulfobacterGenus PediococcusDesulfococcusGenus DehydromycesDesulfonemaMonomonas sulfur removalDesulfuromonasThe inoculation amounts are all5.9x10 3 CFU/L, the mixed bacteria form an aerobic fermentation system; chlorella genusChlorellaInoculum size 9.9x10 5 CFU/L, hydrophagaHydrogenophagaInoculum size 6.4x10 4 CFU/L, the two bacteria are mixed to form a photosynthetic reaction system. The two systems are combined to form an artificially constructed micro-ecological system for treating the three wastes of combustion.
EXAMPLE 3 purification treatment of three wastes from biomass energy combustion
Taking the artificial micro-ecological system of the component of the embodiment 2 as a core, namely putting an aerobic fermentation system into a pre-sterilized aerobic tank, putting a photosynthetic reaction system into a pre-sterilized photosynthetic organism reaction tank, introducing coal-fired waste gas into the biological treatment device from a flue gas inlet pipeline of the biological treatment device of the embodiment 1, adding coal-fired waste slag into a waste slag ash dissolving tank of the embodiment 1, starting a biological treatment device circuit, and collecting purified gas, liquid and waste slag in the dissolving tank for component measurement after the treatment is completed, wherein the specific contents are as follows:
1. post-purification gas constituent detection
Taking flue gas in an air inlet pipe as a sample before purification, collecting purified gas from an overflow port of a photosynthetic reactor as a sample after purification, and measuring the content of each component in the gas sample before purification and the gas sample at an air outlet, wherein the results are shown in the following table:
experimental results show that the biological treatment device provided by the invention can remove CO in the flue gas more efficiently 2 、SO 2 And (3) carrying out desulfurization and denitrification on the flue gas by NOx. Wherein SO is 2 And the gas with the NOx index treated by the method can meet the emission requirement of the emission standard GB13223-2011 of atmospheric pollutants of thermal power plants.
2. Detection of content of each component in purified water body
Taking liquid in a waste liquid inlet pipeline as a sample before treatment, sampling from a clarification tank after purification is completed, obtaining purified liquid as a sample after treatment, and measuring the content of each component in the liquid sample before purification and after treatment, wherein the results are shown in the following table:
experimental results show that after the biological treatment device described in the embodiment 1 is adopted to carry out purification treatment on the coal-fired waste liquid, nutrient elements in the waste liquid are metabolized, absorbed and converted by microorganisms in a photosynthetic reaction system, the utilization rate is high, and the waste liquid can be purified efficiently.
3. Detecting the content of each component in purified waste residue
Taking the waste residue before being put into the waste residue ash dissolution tank as a solid sample before purification, fishing out the residual waste residue in the waste residue ash dissolution tank after the purification is completed, taking the dried solid as a solid sample after purification, and detecting the content of each component in the solid sample before and after the purification, wherein the result is shown in the following table:
experimental results show that the biological treatment device provided by the invention can better dissolve nutrient elements in ash generated after coal combustion, wherein: the dissolution utilization rate of N can reach 74.6%, P can reach 69.6%, and K can reach 95.1%.
Example 4 stability test of micro-ecological System after purification treatment
The number of viable bacteria of each strain in the aerobic tank and the photosynthetic reaction system after the waste gas, the waste water and the waste residue are purified in example 3 is measured by a dilution plate method, and compared with the number of viable bacteria of the artificially constructed microecological system before the treatment, and the results are shown in the following table.
From the results, the artificially constructed micro-ecological system can grow and reproduce normally in the treatment device described in the embodiment 1, and each strain can reach higher growth quantity, which indicates that the nutrient elements in the three wastes of combustion can meet the growth requirement of the micro-ecological system, the artificially constructed system has high stability, the purification requirement of the biological treatment device provided by the invention on the three wastes of combustion can be met, the persistence is good, and the operation cost of the device is effectively reduced.
EXAMPLE 5 Combustion flue gas purification experiment
Similar to the experimental content of example 3, the difference is that only flue gas is introduced into the treatment device without adding waste residues, so that the device in example 3 only purifies combustion flue gas, and the purified water quality and the stability of the microecological system of the artificial member are detected.
The experimental results show that the aqueous solution obtained by spraying the waste gas cannot be treated by the micro-ecological system of the artificial member, microorganisms in the micro-ecological system hardly survive, and a large amount of N element (261.5 mg/L) is contained in the solution, so that the aqueous solution contains very high COD (2611 mg/L).
The embodiment proves that the three-waste-gas-burning biological treatment device provided by the invention can meet the stability and high efficiency of an artificial member microorganism system only by simultaneously treating waste gas, waste water and waste residue and collecting elements in the three wastes.
Claims (3)
1. A biological treatment device for burning three wastes is characterized by comprising a biological reaction system, a waste liquid and waste residue pretreatment system, a heat exchange system and a spray gas-liquid exchange system, wherein the systems are connected in series by pipelines, and the biological treatment device comprises a main body, a main body and a main body, wherein the main body is provided with a main body, and the main body is provided with a main body, and the main body is provided with a main body and a main body.
a. The biological reaction system comprises an aerobic tank (1), a photosynthetic bioreactor (2) and a clarification tank (3), wherein the three parts are sequentially connected through a pipeline (4), and a prokaryotic biological system comprising Botrytis, nitrosylmonospora, vibrio, desulfurated bacteria, desulfurated coccus, desulfurated lineata and desulfurated monospora is arranged in the aerobic tank (1); the inside of the photosynthetic bioreactor (2) is a eukaryote system comprising chlorella and hydrocytophaga, and the inside of the photosynthetic bioreactor (2) is provided with a solid-liquid separation device (5) and an illumination system which is integrally controlled by a PLC or a singlechip system, and mainly comprises an illumination probe, a data processing unit and an artificial light source; a water pump (21) and a pipeline (4) connected to the top of the spray tower (6) are arranged outside the clarification tank (3); the biological reaction system is internally provided with a pH automatic adjusting system which is integrally controlled by a PLC or a singlechip system and mainly comprises a pH probe, a power circulation unit and a reagent adding unit;
b. the waste liquid and waste residue pretreatment system is a dissolving tank (7) with a deslagging device, water is used as a solvent in the dissolving tank (7), a solution after deslagging is filtered and enters the photosynthetic bioreactor (2) through a pipeline (4), and combustion waste liquid enters the photosynthetic bioreactor (2) together with the deslagged waste liquid through a waste liquid inlet;
c. the heat exchange system is a heat exchanger (8), a flue waste gas inlet pipe (9) is connected with a heat absorption sheet air inlet pipeline of the heat exchanger (8), flue waste gas after heat exchange is discharged from an outlet pipe (10) of the heat absorption sheet, cooling fins (11) of the heat exchanger (8) are arranged at the bottom and around the biological reaction system, and a circulating pump connected with an external circuit is arranged in the heat exchanger (8);
d. the spraying gas-liquid exchange system is a spraying tower (6), the top end of the spraying gas-liquid exchange system is provided with a water inlet (15), the side wall close to the bottom is provided with an air inlet (16), the bottom is provided with a water outlet (17), the water outlet (17) is connected to the aerobic tank (1) through a pipeline (4), and the side wall at the top of the spraying tower (6) is provided with an air outlet (18) and is connected to the photosynthetic bioreactor (2) through the pipeline (4);
e. a heavy metal adsorption tower (19) is arranged between the pipeline of the outlet pipe (10) of the heat exchange system and the air inlet (16) of the spray tower.
2. The biological treatment device for three wastes combustion according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange system further comprises an automatic temperature control system which is integrally controlled by a PLC or a singlechip system.
3. The biological treatment device for combustion of three wastes according to claim 2, characterized in that the solid-liquid separation device (5) is a strip grid.
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