CN108653261A - Application of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in prevention saprolegniasis and ich - Google Patents
Application of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in prevention saprolegniasis and ich Download PDFInfo
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- CN108653261A CN108653261A CN201810419202.8A CN201810419202A CN108653261A CN 108653261 A CN108653261 A CN 108653261A CN 201810419202 A CN201810419202 A CN 201810419202A CN 108653261 A CN108653261 A CN 108653261A
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
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- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/10—Antimycotics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses new application of the 6 n-pentyloxy Rheins in prevention saprolegniasis and small melonworm drug.The control agent and preparation method thereof containing the compound is also disclosed, it is made of the raw material of following weight percents：Big 6 n-pentyloxy Rhein 15% ~ 50%, surfactant 5% ~ 10%, lytic agent 10 ~ 30%, remaining is solvent, and the summation of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.Said preparation is low to environmental toxicity, is not likely to produce drug resistance, can effectively kill the water mold of infection of marine fishes and small melonworm, significant effect, meanwhile, said preparation preparation process is simple, and production cost is low, and application method is simple, easy to utilize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical products purposes technical fields, and specially 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is in prevention aquatic livestock water
Application in mildew and small melonworm.
Technical background
Ich and saprolegniasis are the common diseases in aquaculture process, are caused to the culture fishery in China huge
Economic loss.Both diseases have become one of the bottleneck during its breeding process and seed breeding, Prevention Technique
As the hot spot and problem of the research of domestic and international aquatic products.Malachite green is also frequent as cheap, effective saprolegniasis protective agents
It is treated for small melonworm.But since the medical instrument has " three cause ", the problems such as high toxicity, high residue, the Ministry of Agriculture has been arranged within 2002
Enter《The veterinary drug and other compound inventories of food animal disabling》.Although also using sodium chloride, formalin, peroxidating in production
The chemical alternatives such as hydrogen, ozone, humic acid, chlorine dioxide, bronopol carry out saprolegniasis prevention, but these drugs by
It is higher and not widely approved in shortage high efficiency or its security risk.Therefore, for both diseases at present substantially without medicine
It can control.Which results in many raisers to turn to any doctor one can find when critically ill, abuse medicine even Misuse disabling situations such as, meanwhile, at present
China's major part fishing medicine derives from pesticide, people's medicine or veterinary drug, not yet forms the dedicated fishing medicine series of aquaculture so far.Make for a long time
A series of problems, such as environmental pollution, medicament residue, drug resistance are also brought with chemicals also becomes present food security and water
The Green Trade Barrier problem of products export.In the case where vigorously advocating ecology, green, efficient overall background, culture fishery is urgent
Need the initiative exploitation of novel, efficient, low-residual, the strong fishing medicine of selectivity.Therefore, having to both disease treatment rows is found
Effect, environmentally friendly drug are an extremely urgent tasks.This is to promoting the sound development of our province culture fishery, food security
All have important meaning.
By years of researches, we extract separation from rheum officinale and obtain a kind of monomeric compound Rhein pair applicant
Water mold has good inhibiting effect, and applies for a patent（Application number：201510153675.4 Rhein is in prevention aquatic livestock
Application in saprolegniasis）.Although having many advantages, such as that toxicity is low, green, safe using extracted form natural plant Rhein, it is in life
The shortcomings of there are still production cost is higher, raiser is difficult to receive in production causes difficulty in its just true popularization larger.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the new applications of 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins：
The first purpose is the application in preventing saprolegniasis.
6- n-pentyloxy Rheins described in it are mainly used in the fertilized eggs such as fish, shrimps and the saprolegniasis of adult fish, institute
The method stated uses drug therapy water mo(u)ld；The water mo(u)ld is Saprolegnia parasitica.
The second purpose is the application in preventing aquatic livestock ich, described in 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins it is main
Prevention applied to the small melonworm of fish.
Although having many advantages, such as that toxicity is low, green, safe using extracted form natural plant Rhein, it is in production still
There are production costs the shortcomings of higher, raiser is difficult to receive, cause its just it is true promote in difficulty it is larger.Therefore, in applicant
On the basis of early-stage study, by studying 34 kinds of rheum officinale acid-like substances（Derivative）To the inhibiting effect of water mold, and analyze it
Structure-activity relationship has primarily determined its pharmacophoric group, so synthesized it is a kind of there is preferable killing effect to water mold and small melonworm, and
Building-up process is relatively easy, compound 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins at low cost, lower to toxicity in fish.The compound have pair
Water mold inhibiting effect is strong, the advantage relatively low to environmental toxicity, therefore has preferable application value.
6- n-pentyloxy Rheins are result of study of the applicant according to early period, are voluntarily synthesized for its pharmacophoric group
It is certain to find that it has the effect of the saprolegniasis and ich of aquatic livestock for a kind of new compound, this is also to send out for the first time
This existing compound has killing effect to small melonworm and water mold.
The third purpose is to provide the method for prevention saprolegniasis of aquatic animals and ich, it is characterised in that：The medicine
Object is 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins, and with 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins drug as main component
There is provided a kind of control agents for killing water mold and small melonworm for the fourth purpose, it is the raw material group by following weight percents
At：6- n-pentyloxies Rhein 15% ~ 50%, surfactant 5% ~ 10%, lytic agent 10 ~ 30%, remaining is solvent, above-mentioned
The summation of raw material is 100%；
The surfactant is Tween-20 or Tween-80；
The lytic agent is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylformamide；
The solvent is water.
The preparation method of above-mentioned water mold control agent, carries out according to the following steps：
1）6- n-pentyloxies Rhein, surfactant, lytic agent, each raw material of solvent are weighed, it is spare；
2）6- n-pentyloxies Rhein and lytic agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylformamide are mixed to completely molten
Solution；
3）Step 2 is added in surfactant, solvent）It is stirred evenly to get control agent in the mixed solution of gained.
The application method of the control agent of the present invention is simple, directly presses 40.0 ml/m3 Dosage splash in cultivating pool i.e.
It can effectively preventing or killing fish water mold and small melonworm.
The present invention uses 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins, can kill water mo(u)ld and small melonworm, play the effect effected a permanent cure；Toxicity
It is small, it is few to aquatic livestock nonhazardous, residual；Preparing for control agent is simple, easy to use, drug effect is fast, with obvious effects, production cost
It is low.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is killing effect testing result of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to small melonworm.
Specific implementation mode
For the clearer drug effect for understanding the present invention and medicament of the present invention, the Yi Benfa provided below by way of inventor
The present invention is described in further detail for the specific embodiment that bright technical solution is completed, these are only of the invention preferable
Embodiment, but it is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
6- n-pentyloxy Rhein 15g are weighed, the stirring and dissolving in 10g dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)s weighs surface active agent tween -20
The control agent for killing small melonworm and water mo(u)ld to obtain the final product is mixed evenly in 10g, aqueous solvent 65g.
Embodiment 2：
6- n-pentyloxy Rhein 30g are weighed, the stirring and dissolving in 20g dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)s weighs surface active agent tween -20
The control agent for killing small melonworm and water mo(u)ld to obtain the final product is mixed evenly in 10g, aqueous solvent 40g.
Embodiment 3：
6- n-pentyloxy Rhein 40g are weighed, the stirring and dissolving in 25g n,N-Dimethylformamide weighs surfactant and spits
The control agent for killing small melonworm and water mo(u)ld to obtain the final product is mixed evenly in temperature -80 10g, aqueous solvent 25g.
Embodiment 4：
6- n-pentyloxy Rhein 50g are weighed, the stirring and dissolving in 30g dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)s weighs surface active agent tween -80
The control agent for killing small melonworm and water mo(u)ld to obtain the final product is mixed evenly in 10g, etoh solvent 10g.
Above-described embodiment can be enumerated very much, then this is not listed one by one, the data that the big experiment done from applicant obtains
It proves, as long as the parameter area selection of technical solution according to the invention, you can prepare the water mold for reaching the object of the invention
With small melonworm control agent.
Above-mentioned control agent can directly splash in pond, and dosage is：40.0 ml/m3It can reach control effect.
It is the specific test examples of the drug effect of the present invention below：
One, the synthesis and structure identification of 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein
The method of synthetic method Primary Reference Zhu's well-to-do level et al. carries out, and main process is as follows：
Structural Identification：
The compound is orange crystals water.The structure elucidation that mass spectrum, nucleus magnetic hydrogen spectrum and the carbon of the compound are composed is as follows：m.p.
263.2. EI-MS m/z: 341[M+ -H] -, 1H-NMR (DMSO, 300MHz) d:12.18 (s,1H,OH), 12.14
(s,1H,OH),8.21(s, 1H,ArH),7.68(s,1H,ArH),7.15-7.27(s,1H,ArH),6.86(s, 1H,ArH),
4.13-4.16 (t, 2H, J=6.6, OCH2), 1.75-1.68 (m, 2H,CH2), 1.53-1.41 (m, 2H,CH2),
0.95(t,3H, J=6.8, CH3); IR(KBr)v:3465,3105,2964,1700, 1620,1566,1475, 1402,
1236, 1295, 1182, 900,750 cm -1.The spectral data of this compound is compared with database data, in conjunction with
Its spectral data feature is analyzed, determines that the compound is 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins.
Two, killing effect of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to saprolegnia hypha and spore
1.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is to saprolegnia hypha growth inhibition test
Activated water trichoderma strain is punched with card punch at the edge of activation saprolegnia hypha, and the mycelia block conduct for preparing a diameter of 1cm connects
Kind body.6- n-pentyloxy Rheins are dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), are added in 60 DEG C or so of PDA culture medium, are configured to certain
The drug containing tablet of concentration.By in above-mentioned inoculated by hypha block to drug containing tablet, respectively be added same volume dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and
Sterile water as a contrast, every group of 3 repetitions.25 DEG C are cultivated 48-72 hours, are measured mycelia and are extended diameter.Inhibiting rate=（Control group
Mycelia extends diameter-test group mycelia and extends diameter）/ control group mycelia extends diameter * 100%.
2.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein inhibits to test to water mold spore germination
Water mold spore suspension is prepared first, and water mold bacterial strain is inoculated on PDA plate, and rapeseed is inoculated with around, waits for rapeseed
On cover with mycelia after, be transferred in sterile water, 25 DEG C of stationary cultures 2-3 days generate a large amount of zoospores.Use blood count
Plate measures the concentration of zoospore, and it is 1 × 10 that sterile water, which adjusts spore concentration,4A/ml.A certain concentration is prepared according to the method described above
6- n-pentyloxy Rhein PDA plates, take 10ul spore suspensions be added dropwise on tablet, three repetitions of each tablet.24 is small
Shi Hou observes spore germination situation.Blank control is that the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) tablet of equivalent 20% is added.
Test data is handled with SPSS16.0 statistics softwares, all parameters use mean ± standard deviation (±SD)
It indicates.
Three, controlling experiment of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to live body fish and water mildew
Grass carp saprolegniasis artificial challenge
With reference to Xu Jialu【2012】Method, picking are preserved in invisible spectro saprolegnia hypha switching in PDA culture medium, and 25 DEG C are cultivated
72h makes it be paved with entire culture dish.Appropriate cultured water mold mortar grinding is taken to pour into the cultivation flume for infection
（200L）.And the niblet to be cracked in advance with boiling is put into cultivation flume, after continuous observation 72h, if observing 90% jade
The grain of rice has water mold growth, you can is used for infection experiment.Both sides scale below grass carp dorsal fin is removed with knife blade, and in muscle
Place scrapes one centimetre or so of osculum off, the grass carp after scratch is put into above-mentioned cultivation flume, and each sink is put into 10 tails
Grass carp.Temperature of cultivation drops to 18 ± 1 DEG C by 26 DEG C, carries out saprolegniasis artificial challenge.
1.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein prevents to test to grass carp saprolegniasis
With reference to Zhang Shiqi【2011】Method and be modified slightly, i.e., grass carp carry out artificial challenge before, set according to Vitro Experimental Results
3 different prevention agent concentrations are set to splash prophylactic tria：20、40、60 ml/m3.Each concentration sets three parallel control cylinders, together
When be arranged three blank parallel control cylinders.Every group of placement is ready to use in 10 tail of grass carp of infection.Test period is 7d.
2.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is to grass carp saprolegniasis Experiment on therapy
It chooses successful 10 tail of grass carp of infection to be put into the cultivation flume of 30L, and according to Vitro Experimental Results in each Rhein
20,40,60 ml/m are added in test group36- n-pentyloxy Rheins.Three parallel control cylinders are arranged in each drug concentration, together
When be arranged three blank parallel control cylinders.Test period is 7d.
Four, killing effect of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to small melonworm
External insecticidal test of 4.1 drugs to small melonworm theront
Experiment carried out in 24 porocyte culture plates, be added in each cell hole about 2ml various concentrations liquid and about 100
Small melonworm theront, the 15min after medication, the observation of 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h microscopy is primary, and the small melonworm that each hole is counted after 4h is dead
Rate.Experiment setting DMSO control groups and fully sudden and violent gas Natural Water control group, every group of experiment is in triplicate.
Small melonworm death criterion：Polypide cilium does not move, and cytoplasm does not flow, after birth rupture, nuclear fragmentation.
External insecticidal test of 4.2 drugs to small melonworm packing
Experiment carries out in 24 porocyte culture plates, and the liquid of about 2ml various concentrations and 30 small is added in each cell hole
After medication after 6h, liquid is carefully sucked out in melonworm packing, rear that the underground water through filtered through gauze is added, then is positioned over 22 DEG C of perseverance
In constant temperature and humidity incubator, 20-36h is cultivated, the packing for setting control group hatches off-test after larva, counts the small melonworm in each hole
The packing death rate.Experiment setting DMSO control groups and underground water group, every group of experiment is in triplicate.
Small melonworm packing death criterion：Packing does not divide or packing does not hatch larva.
Acute toxicity test of the five .6- n-pentyloxies Rheins to erythroculter ilishaeformis
It tests and is carried out in the glass jar that volume is 80L, 10 tail of erythroculter ilishaeformis of health is placed in each cylinder, and be added a concentration of
289,256,225,196,169,144 and 121 ml/m36- n-pentyloxy Rheins count erythroculter ilishaeformis The dead quantity after 48h,
And calculate half lethal concentration of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to erythroculter ilishaeformis.Each concentration group does 3 repetitions, experiment setting one
Control group.
Six, data processings
Test data is handled with SPSS16.0 statistics softwares, and all parameters use mean ± standard deviationTable
Show.
As a result
One, 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is to saprolegnia hypha growth inhibition test
6- n-pentyloxies Rhein the results are shown in Table 1 to the growth inhibition test of saprolegnia hypha.
Table 1：Inhibition (ml/m of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to saprolegnia hypha3)
As shown in Table 1：6- n-pentyloxies Rhein has good inhibiting effect, a concentration of 25.0 ml/m to saprolegnia hypha3
When, the inhibiting rate to saprolegnia hypha is 44.9%, a concentration of 45 ml/m3When, completely inhibit the mycelia growth of water mold.
Two, Rheins inhibit to test to water mold spore germination
Rhein inhibits test result to be shown in Table 2 water mold spore germination.
Table 2：Inhibition test result of the Rhein to water mold spore germination
Note：+ indicate water mold growth；Indicate that water mold is not grown
As shown in Table 2：6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to water mold spore germination have good inhibiting effect, a concentration of 40.0
ml/m3When, there is good inhibiting effect, a concentration of 50.0 ml/m to water mold spore3When, completely inhibit sprouting for water mold
Hair.
Three .6- n-pentyloxies Rheins are to grass carp saprolegniasis prophylactic tria
Prevent experimental result and is shown in Table 3.
Table 3：6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is to grass carp saprolegniasis prophylactic tria result
The result shows that 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein has preferable prevention effect to saprolegniasis.When its a concentration of 40.0 ml/m3,
There is preferable prevention effect to water mold, protective rate 80%, when a concentration of 60.0 ml/m3, protective rate 90.0%.
Four .6- n-pentyloxies Rheins are to grass carp saprolegniasis Experiment on therapy
Experiment on therapy the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4：6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is to grass carp saprolegniasis Experiment on therapy result
The result shows that 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein has preferable therapeutic effect to saprolegniasis.Its a concentration of 40.0 ml/m3When,
There is preferable therapeutic effect, protective rate 60%, a concentration of 60.0 ml/m to water mold3When, protective rate 73.3%.
Killing effect of the five, 6- n-pentyloxies Rheins to small melonworm theront
6- n-pentyloxies Rhein is shown in Fig. 1 to the killing effect of small melonworm theront.As shown in Figure 1：6- n-pentyloxy Rheins
Certain killing effect all had to small melonworm theront in the concentration range surveyed, to small melonworm when a concentration of 45mg/L
The killing of theront is 100%, and the 4h half lethal concentration to theront is 21.9mg/L.
Killing effect of the six, 6- n-pentyloxies Rheins to small melonworm packing
6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to the killing effect following table of small melonworm packing as shown in Table 5：6- n-pentyloxy Rheins exist
There is preferable killing effect in the concentration range surveyed to packing, killing when a concentration of 65mg/L to small melonworm packing
It is 100%, the 6h half lethal concentration to packing is 25.8 mg/L.
5 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein of table is to small melonworm packing EC50、EC90And its 95% confidence region
Acute toxicity test of the seven .6- n-pentyloxies Rheins to erythroculter ilishaeformis
Using hydrostatic formula test method(s), toxic effect of the research 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to erythroculter ilishaeformis.6- n-pentyloxy rheum officinales
Acid can be calculated the acute toxicity tests of erythroculter ilishaeformis by method of linear interpolation, and 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins are to erythroculter ilishaeformis
The half lethal concentration of 24 h be（LD50）For 260.5 mg L-1；The half lethal concentration of 48 h is（LD50）For 242.2 mg L-1；
The half lethal concentration of 96 h is（LD50）For 201.5mg L-1；It can be calculated according to formula, safe concentration is 64.2 mg L-1。
Water mold is a kind of secondary infection to aquatic livestock.Aquatic livestock injury or because bacterium, virus infection after, mainly by
Spore attaches to infection site, and then causes invasion to infect by saprolegnia hypha, therefore, during the prevention of water mold to spore and
The killing of mycelia is a critically important ring.Meanwhile the history of life of small melonworm is divided into three phases, wherein packing and theront is basic
In water body, therefore, the polypide for killing the two stages is particularly important to the prevention of small melonworm.
Above-mentioned test result shows, grazing eclipse of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to the spore and mycelia bacterium and small melonworm of water mold
Body and packing have stronger killing or inhibiting effect, as a result show 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein to water mold and small melonworm with compared with
Good preventive and therapeutic effect.
Claims (8)
- Application of the 1.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in preventing water mold medicine.
- Application of the 2.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in preventing small melonworm drug.
- Application of the 3.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in preventing saprolegniasis of aquatic animals drug.
- Application of the 4.6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in preventing the small melonworm drug of aquatic livestock.
- 5. according to the method for prevention saprolegniasis of aquatic animals and ich described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Drug be 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins, and with 6- n-pentyloxy Rheins drug as main component.
- 6. a kind of killing aquatic livestock body saprolegniasis and small melonworm control agent, it is characterised in that：It is by following weight percents Raw material composition：6- n-pentyloxies Rhein 15% ~ 50%, surfactant 5% ~ 10%, lytic agent 10 ~ 30%, remaining is The summation of solvent, above-mentioned raw materials is 100%；The surfactant is Tween-20 or Tween-80；The lytic agent is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylformamide；The solvent is water.
- 7. the preparation method of the killing saprolegniasis of aquatic animals and small melonworm control agent described in claim 6, which is characterized in that press Following steps carry out：1）6- n-pentyloxies Rhein, surfactant, lytic agent, each raw material of solvent are weighed, it is spare；2）6- n-pentyloxies Rhein and lytic agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylformamide are mixed to completely molten Solution；3）Step 2 is added in surfactant, solvent）It is stirred evenly to get control agent in the mixed solution of gained.
- 8. a kind of killing saprolegniasis of aquatic animals according to claim 6 and small melonworm control agent, application method and use Amount is：It directly splashes in fish pond after being diluted with water, dosage is 40.0 mL/m3。
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| CN111197067A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-26 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Method for screening Chinese herbal medicine components for resisting fish cilium parasites by adopting thermophilic tetrahymena |
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