CN101559060B - Medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101559060B CN101559060B CN2009100393419A CN200910039341A CN101559060B CN 101559060 B CN101559060 B CN 101559060B CN 2009100393419 A CN2009100393419 A CN 2009100393419A CN 200910039341 A CN200910039341 A CN 200910039341A CN 101559060 B CN101559060 B CN 101559060B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases, a preparation method and an application thereof. The method comprises the following steps that pyridaben with masspercentage of between 5 and 30 percent and a surface active agent with mass percentage of between 5 and 25 percent are mixed; after the mixture is stirred for 25 to 35 minutes at a temperature of bet ween 25 and 35 DEG C under 280-320rpm, a 45 to 90 percent solvent is added into the mixture to be stirred for 25 to 35 minutes to prepare the medicine for preventing the fish parasitic crustacean diseases. The method successfully applies pyridaben to the preparation of the medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases for the first time. The medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases has simple preparation process and easy operation, good effect, small dosage, long lasting period, safe for fish and non-pollution to ecological environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish and use the biochemical drug preparing technical field, the particularly a kind of medicine of preventing and treating fish parasitic crustacean diseases and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
By the parasitogenic aquatic animal disease of crustacean (comprising Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao, fish carp louse etc.), the general designation parasitic crustacean diseases.It not only can directly cause long stagnation of ill sashimi (raw fish) or mortality, also can increase the chance that bacillary and viral disease are suffered from aquatic animal indirectly, causes tremendous loss for the Aquatic product aquaculture.
China Sao belongs to Copepoda, Cyclopoida, and Ergasilidae, North gets Heilungkiang, reaching Guangdong in the south all has generation in China, and this disease is popular Sheng the most from late May to early September.Fish that one age of China's Sao main harm is above such as Mylopharyngodon piceus, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, silver carp, flathead etc., colonize on the fish gill with its second powerful pedipalps, destroy gill tissue, capture host's nutrition, also secrete a kind of enzyme, stimulate gill tissue's hypertrophy, make the terminal crooked and distortion of the gill filament, influence the eupnea of the gill, simultaneously injured gill tissue has created condition for the invasion of antibacterial and fungus again, easy concurrent bacterial disease, and cause bigger harm.
Anchor head Sao colonizes in gill, skin, fin, eye, oral cavity, head of fish etc. and locates.Anchor head Sao pierces host's tissue with its cephalothorax, sometimes also invade host's liver, pricardial coelom or creep into the eyeball the inside, cause and organize the hemorrhage and inflammatory reaction of cutting have big amount lymphocyte, eosinophilic granulocyte, mononuclear cell, neutrophil cell infiltration and liquid to ooze out; Tissue generation edema around the polypide necroses near the tissue of polypide.A large amount of parasitic seasonal disease fishes present uneasiness, loss of appetite, and the fish body is become thin then, moves about slowly and extremely.The body surface of old worm often has a large amount of tired branch worms, campanularian etc. to grow nonparasitically upon another plant again.The whole nation all has this disease popular, the infection rate height, and infection intensity is big, and epidemic season is long.Anchor head Sao can breed for 12～33 ℃ in water temperature, all can endanger freshwater fish fish in each in age, and is wherein maximum with fingerling harm especially, when four or five worms are parasitic, can cause the death of disease fish; Though the fish more than 2 ages is not generally caused mortality, influences fish bulk-growth, breeding and commodity value.
The cause of disease of carp louse disease is that carp louse belongs to, and belongs to Branchiura, carp louse section, and main parasitic is at body surface, oral cavity, the gill of fish, and adult, larva are all sought parasitic life.The carp louse disease is all very popular both at home and abroad, and fresh-water fishes, marine fish and degree of saltiness Water fish all are injured.Because the carp louse outside of belly has many agnails, on the fish body, constantly creep, add stabbing of mouthful thorn, big jaw tears body surface, makes the fish body surface form a lot of wounds, hemorrhage, the disease fish is presented to be on the rack, rapid mad trip and jump have a strong impact on appetite, and the fish body is become thin, its easy concurrent bacterial disease often causes the large quantities of death of fingerling.
The medicament commonly used of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases is metrifonate crystal, Pyrethrum lipid, copper sulfate, formalin, copper sulfate and mixture of ferrous sulfate and organophosphorus chemistry pesticide etc. now.The life-time service of metrifonate has made these crustaceans that this class medicine is developed immunity to drugs, and effectively working concentration increases year by year.In addition, metrifonate causes the fish anorexia easily.The algae in the water of fish pond is killed in the use of copper sulfate easily, causes the fish anoxia and raises the nose above water to breathe.Pyrethrum lipid medicine is very big to fish toxicity, and life-time service can make appetite and the immunity degradation of fish, influences the healthy growth of fish.The life-time service of organophosphorus chemistry pesticide causes the pesticide residues accumulation of biological chain easily, works the mischief with ecological environment to human.
Summary of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention be to overcome and solve crustacean (comprising Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao, fish carp louse etc.) to existing medicine have Drug resistance or existing medicine to toxicity in fish is big, life-time service can make fish appetite and immunity degradation, influence the healthy growth of fish and, provide a kind of medicine of preventing and treating fish parasitic crustacean diseases shortcoming and problem that human and ecological environment work the mischief etc.This drug dose is few, efficient, low toxicity, nuisanceless and to Fish and human ecological environment safety.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the medicine of described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
A further object of the present invention also is to provide the application of the medicine of described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of medicine of preventing and treating fish parasitic crustacean diseases is grouped into by following one-tenth with by mass percentage:
Pyridaben 5～30%
Surfactant 5～25%
Solvent 45～90%;
Its optimum formula ratio is:
Pyridaben 10～20%
Surfactant 5～10%
Solvent 70～85%;
The chemical name of described pyridaben is the 2-tert-butyl group-5-(4-tert-butyl group benzylthio)-4-chlorine pyridazine-3-(2H) ketone;
Preferred sorbitan fat vinegar of described surfactant and poly reactant;
Described sorbitan fat vinegar and poly reactant are the mixture of a kind of or at least two kinds of compositions of Tween20, Tween40, Tween80, agricultural emulsifier 452 (blended emulsifier) or OP-10 (condensation substance of alkyl phenol and oxirane);
The mixture of four kinds of compositions of described sorbitan fat vinegar and the preferred Tween20 of poly reactant, Tween40, Tween80, agricultural emulsifier 452 (blended emulsifier) or OP-10 (condensation substance of alkyl phenol and oxirane);
Described solvent is an organic solvent;
Described organic solvent is the mixture of a kind of or at least two kinds of compositions of methanol, ethanol or acetone;
Described organic solvent solvent is the mixture of two kinds of compositions of methanol, ethanol or acetone.
The preparation method of the medicine of described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases may further comprise the steps:
Mass percent 5～30% pyridabens and mass percent 5～25% surfactants are mixed, in 25～35 ℃, under 280～320rpm, stir and add mass percent 45～90% solvents after 25～35 minutes, then stirred again 25～35 minutes, and can make the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
This preparation method can be made the preparation that can be conveniently used on the Aquatic product with water insoluble pyridaben, does not pollute the environment again simultaneously.Emulsifying agent helps the dispersion, stability of medicament and the rate of release after the dispensing, brings into play the effect of medicament to greatest extent.Solvent can make effective ingredient fully dissolve, and forms minimum oil-in-water system in water.
The application of the medicine of described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases may further comprise the steps: the amount of drug of described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases is 0.12～0.3g/m
3Water body, promptly the degree of depth is every mu of water body consumption 80～200g of 1 meter, and dilution earlier is 5000～6000 times during use, stirs, and evenly splash and get final product in complete then pond.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) the present invention successfully is applied to pyridaben to prevent and treat the preparation of fish parasitic crustacean diseases medicine first.
(2) medicine of the prepared control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of the present invention is compared with conventional dose, have under working concentration, to fish safety, pollution of ecological environment not, strong to crustacean louse harmful organism killing powers such as (comprising Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao, fish carp louse etc.), lasting period long (for more than the twice of conventional dose) and use cost advantages such as low (have only conventional dose half) can be applied in the breed of unblemished fish such as Anguillar japonica safely.
(3) medicine of the prepared control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of the present invention will help the stable yields and the high yield of aquatic products industry as the medicament of killing crustacean louse, thereby produce bigger economic benefit and social benefit.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Mass percent 5% pyridaben, mass percent 1.5%Tween80, mass percent 1.5%Tween40, mass percent 20% agricultural emulsifier 452 (production of academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province plant protection institute) and mass percent 2%OP-10 (Zhengzhou meaning Longhua worker company limited is produced) are mixed; in 25 ℃; under the 280rpm; stir and add mass percent 50% acetone and mass percent 20% methanol after 25 minutes; then; in 25 ℃; under the 280rpm; stirred 35 minutes, and made the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases
Embodiment 2
Mass percent 10% pyridaben, mass percent 0.5%Tween80, mass percent 1%Tween40, mass percent 7% agricultural emulsifier 452 (Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province provides) and mass percent 1.5%OP-10 (Zhengzhou meaning Longhua worker company limited is produced) are mixed, in 30 ℃, under the 300rpm, stir and add mass percent 50% acetone and mass percent 30% ethanol after 30 minutes, then, in 30 ℃, under the 300rpm, stirred 30 minutes, and made the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
Embodiment 3
Mass percent 20% pyridaben, mass percent 0.1%Tween80, mass percent 0.2%Tween20, mass percent 4.5% agricultural emulsifier 452 (Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province provides) and mass percent 0.2%OP-10 (Zhengzhou meaning Longhua worker company limited is produced) are mixed, in 35 ℃, under the 320rpm, stir and add mass percent 52% acetone and mass percent 23% ethanol after 35 minutes, then, in 35 ℃, under the 320rpm, stirred 35 minutes, and made the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
Embodiment 4
Mass percent 30% pyridaben and mass percent 25% agricultural emulsifier 452 (Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province provides) are mixed, in 30 ℃, under the 320rpm, stir and add mass percent 45% ethanol after 35 minutes, then, in 35 ℃, under the 320rpm, stirred 35 minutes, and made the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
Embodiment 5
Mass percent 15% pyridaben, mass percent 5%Tween80 and mass percent 20% agricultural emulsifier 452 (Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province provides) are mixed, in 28 ℃, under the 300rpm, stir and add mass percent 15% methanol, mass percent 25% ethanol and mass percent 20% acetone after 30 minutes, then, in 28 ℃, under the 300rpm, stirred 30 minutes, and made the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
The comparative example
The medicine difference of embodiment 1,2 and 3 prepared control fish parasitic crustacean diseases is called after preparation 1,2 and 3 successively.In identical effective ingredient concentration (being pyridaben content) is that 0.04 μ g/ml acts on Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao, fish carp louse with preparation 1,2 and 3 respectively, and each is parallel to contain 300～500 helmet shell animals, simultaneously with metrifonate in contrast.It is 0.04 μ g/ml that preparation 1,2 and 3 is diluted to effective ingredient concentration (being pyridaben content) with clear water respectively, establish 3 parallel, each parallel volume is 500ml.Investigate dead borer population behind 48h, 72h and the 96h respectively, calculate mortality rate and corrected mortality, obtain 1,2 and 3 killing effects that are directed to Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao, fish carp louse respectively, the result as shown in Table 1, 2 and 3.
Table 1 medicine is to the killing effect of Chinese Sao
Table 2 medicine is to the killing effect of anchor head Sao
Table 3 medicine is to the killing effect of fish carp louse
From table 1～3 as seen, the medicine of the control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of the present invention's preparation is fine to the killing effect of parasitic crustacean diseases such as Chinese Sao, and the use drug level is low, killing power is strong, the lasting period is long.
The data of table 1～3 show that with respect to preparation 1 and 3, the effect of preparation 2 is better.It carries out the comparatively big experiment of system to preparation 2, the variable concentrations gradient is set, be respectively 0.05 μ g/ml, 0.04 μ g/ml, 0.03 μ g/ml, 0.02 μ g/ml and 0.01 μ g/ml, each gradient establish 3 parallel, each parallel volume is 500ml, and experimental subject also is to be respectively Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao, fish carp louse, investigates dead borer population behind 48h, 72h and the 96h respectively, calculate mortality rate and corrected mortality, result such as table 4～6:
The killing effect of 2 couples of Chinese Sao of table 4 preparation
The killing effect of 2 couples of anchor head Sao of table 5 preparation
The killing effect of 2 pairs of fish carp louses of table 6 preparation
The data of table 4～6 show when preparation 2 is low to moderate 0.01 μ g/ml in valid density, Chinese Sao, anchor head Sao and fish carp louse are had good killing effect.
In addition, the medicine that found through experiments control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of the present invention is 2 μ g/ml to the half lethal concentration of European eel and Japanese Anguillar japonica, and safe concentration is 1 μ g/ml, is 2 μ g/ml to the safe concentration of Misgurni anguillicaudati.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a medicine of preventing and treating fish parasitic crustacean diseases is characterized in that, is grouped into by following one-tenth with by mass percentage:
Pyridaben 5～30%
Surfactant 5～25%
Solvent 45～90%;
Described surfactant is sorbitan fat vinegar and poly reactant;
Described solvent is an organic solvent;
Described sorbitan fat vinegar and poly reactant are the mixture of a kind of or at least two kinds of compositions of Tween20, Tween40, Tween80, agricultural emulsifier 452 or OP-10;
Described organic solvent is the mixture of a kind of or at least two kinds of compositions of methanol, ethanol or acetone.
2. according to the medicine of the described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be grouped into by following one-tenth with by mass percentage:
Pyridaben 10～20%
Surfactant 5～10%
Solvent 70～85%.
3. according to the medicine of the described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sorbitan fat vinegar and poly reactant are the mixture of four kinds of compositions of Tween20, Tween40, Tween80, agricultural emulsifier 452 or OP-10; Described solvent is the mixture of two kinds of compositions of methanol, ethanol or acetone.
4. the preparation method of the medicine of the described control fish parasitic crustacean diseases of claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: mass percent 5～30% pyridabens and mass percent 5～25% surfactants are mixed, in 25～35 ℃, under 280～320rpm, stir and add 45～90% solvents after 25～35 minutes, then stirred again 25～35 minutes, make the medicine of control fish parasitic crustacean diseases.
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| CN2009100393419A CN101559060B (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2009-05-08 | Medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN2009100393419A CN101559060B (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2009-05-08 | Medicine for preventing fish parasitic crustacean diseases, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101559060B true CN101559060B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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| CN104293722A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-21 | 浙江上升农业开发有限公司 | Biological agent for reducing alkali and removing nitrogen in aquatic water during high temperature and preparation method of biological agent |
| EP3291808A1 (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-03-14 | I-Tech AB | Medetomidine for use in controlling parasitic crustaceans on fish |
| CN112841091B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-11-18 | 赣南师范大学 | Method for researching induction of congenital heart disease of animal by pyridaben and application of pyridaben |
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