CN108652789B - Full-range diffractive intraocular lens with enhanced near vision - Google Patents
Full-range diffractive intraocular lens with enhanced near vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN108652789B CN108652789B CN201810490928.0A CN201810490928A CN108652789B CN 108652789 B CN108652789 B CN 108652789B CN 201810490928 A CN201810490928 A CN 201810490928A CN 108652789 B CN108652789 B CN 108652789B
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
- A61F2/1613—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
- A61F2/1616—Pseudo-accommodative, e.g. multifocal or enabling monovision
- A61F2/1618—Multifocal lenses
Abstract
The invention discloses a diffraction artificial crystal, which comprises a diffraction structure area and a refraction structure area, wherein the diffraction structure area comprises a first diffraction structure area, a second diffraction structure area and a third diffraction structure area which are sequentially distributed from the central area to the edge of the optical surface of the artificial crystal; the first diffractive structure region comprises a first diffractive focal point for far vision and a second diffractive focal point for near vision; the second diffractive structure region comprises a third diffractive focal point for far vision, a fourth diffractive focal point for mid vision and a fifth diffractive focal point for near vision; the third diffractive structure region includes a sixth diffractive focal point for far vision, a seventh diffractive focal point for mid vision, and an eighth diffractive focal point for near vision. The first diffraction focus, the third diffraction focus, the sixth diffraction focus and the refraction area are superposed; the fourth diffraction angular point and the seventh diffraction focus are superposed; the second diffraction focal point, the fifth diffraction focal point and the eighth diffraction focal point are overlapped. Namely, the whole crystal forms three focuses of far vision, middle vision and near vision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a full-range diffraction artificial lens with enhanced near vision.
Background
In the related art, after cataract surgery, the diffractive intraocular lens replacing the natural crystalline lens causes incident light to converge on different diffraction orders through the diffraction effect on the light, and the different diffraction orders correspond to different degrees of crystallinity. The diffraction crystal can generate 2 or more than 2 focuses, so that a patient can see far and can meet the vision requirements of other distances, and the requirement of the patient on glasses is eliminated (the patient implanted with the aspheric single-focus crystal needs to use glasses when seeing near, such as reading, newspaper reading and the like). By adjusting the diffraction structure, the energy distribution on different diffraction orders can be realized, thereby adjusting the near/middle/far vision effect. The existing diffraction artificial crystal is basically designed based on an energy synchronization dispersion idea when a diffraction structure is adjusted, but due to the energy synchronization dispersion, the imaging effect of each focus is deteriorated, the imaging contrast is reduced, and mutual influence exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve at least one of the problems occurring in the related art. To this end, the present invention is directed to providing a diffractive intraocular lens.
The diffraction artificial crystal comprises a diffraction structure area and a refraction structure area, wherein the diffraction structure area is positioned in the central area of the optical surface of the diffraction artificial crystal, the refraction structure area is connected with the edge of the diffraction structure area, and the diffraction structure area comprises a first diffraction structure area, a second diffraction structure area and a third diffraction structure area which are sequentially distributed from the central area to the edge of the optical surface of the artificial crystal;
the first diffractive structure region comprising a first diffractive focal point for distance viewing and a second diffractive focal point for near viewing;
the second diffractive structure region comprises a third diffractive focal point for far vision, a fourth diffractive focal point for mid vision and a fifth diffractive focal point for near vision;
the third diffractive structure zone includes a sixth diffractive focal point for far vision, a seventh diffractive focal point for mid vision, and an eighth diffractive focal point for near vision.
In the above diffractive intraocular lens, the fifth diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region, the eighth diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structure region, and the second diffractive focal point of the first diffractive structure region are all used for near vision, so that the energy of the fifth diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region and the energy of the eighth diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structure region are distributed on the second diffractive focal point of the first diffractive structure region. Therefore, the energy utilization rate of the diffraction interval is improved, and the imaging contrast is enhanced.
Wherein the first diffraction focus, the third diffraction focus, the sixth diffraction focus and the focus of the refraction area for the visual distance are superposed; a fourth diffraction angular point and a seventh diffraction focus used for viewing coincide; the second diffraction focus, the fifth diffraction focus and the eighth diffraction focus for near vision are superposed. Namely, the whole crystal forms three focuses of far vision, middle vision and near vision.
Furthermore, with the increase of the pupil, the first diffraction structure area, the second diffraction structure area, the third diffraction structure area and the refraction structure area are gradually exposed, and with the increase of the pupil, the visual emphasis gradually transits from near vision plus far vision to far vision in the middle of vision and then far vision, which is also matched with the actual physiological and living conditions, thereby improving the visual effect.
In some embodiments, the refractive structure region is for far vision.
In certain embodiments, the second diffraction focus is the +1 st diffraction focus of the first diffraction structure region and the first diffraction focus is the 0 th diffraction focus of the first diffraction structure region.
In certain embodiments, the fourth diffraction focus is the +1 st diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure region, the fifth diffraction focus is the +2 nd diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure region, and the third diffraction focus is the 0 th diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure region.
In certain embodiments, the seventh diffraction focus is the +1 st diffraction focus of the third diffraction structured region, the eighth diffraction focus is the +2 nd diffraction focus of the third diffraction structured region, and the sixth diffraction structure is the 0 th diffraction focus of the third diffraction structured region.
In certain embodiments, the addition D1 of the near vision diffractive focus is 2 times the addition D2 of the diffractive focus of vision, where D1 ≦ 6.5D.
In some embodiments, the second diffractive structure area and the third diffractive structure area have different energy distribution ratios of diffraction focus in the pair of eye and diffraction focus in the far vision; the third diffraction structure area reduces the proportion of diffraction focus energy distribution in the view and increases the proportion of diffraction focus energy distribution in the far vision relative to the second diffraction structure area; the additional degree D1 of the diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure zone and the third diffraction structure zone is 2 times of the additional degree D2 of the diffraction focus in the visual field; the energy distribution ratio of the far vision diffraction focus of the first diffraction structure area and the third diffraction structure area is always larger than 40% from the center of the optical surface to the edge of the optical surface.
In certain embodiments, wherein the m-th diffractive focal point for the apparent distance, the focal points of the refractive zones coincide with each other; the m-th diffraction focal points used for vision coincide with each other; the m-th diffraction focal points for near vision coincide with each other. Namely, the whole optical surface of the crystal forms three focal points of far vision, middle vision and near vision.
In some embodiments, the diffractive structure region comprises n diffractive surface types concentrically arranged, the n diffractive surface types being distributed in sequence from the optical central region to the edge of the diffractive intraocular lens, the first diffractive structure region has 1 to 2u diffractive surface types, u is 1 or 2;
the second diffraction structure region has the diffraction surface types from (2u +1) to (2u +1+ k), k being 0 or 1;
the third diffraction structure area has (2u +1+ k +1) th to n diffraction surface types, n is not less than (2u +1+ k +1), and n is a natural number.
In some embodiments, the 1 st to 2u th diffraction surface types have an optical path difference equal to λ/2, the (2u +1) th to (2u +1+ k) th diffraction surface types have an optical path difference equal to or greater than λ/2, and the (2u +1+ k +1) th to n th diffraction surface types have an optical path difference less than λ/2.
In some embodiments, the actual height of each of the diffractive surface types is conditioned to the design height: h isi+1’＝hi+1*fi+1Wherein h isi+1' denotes the actual height of the diffraction profile, hi+1A design height f representing the diffraction surface typei+1The coefficient relating to the design height of the diffraction surface pattern and the radius of the tip on which the diffraction surface pattern is machined is shown, i represents the number of the diffraction surface pattern, and i is 1,2, …, n.
In some embodiments, the first derivativeThe actual degree of each diffraction structure zone of the ray structure zone, the second diffraction structure zone and the third diffraction structure zone meets the condition with the design degree: pi+1’＝Pi+1*fi+1Wherein P isi+1' denotes the actual degree of the diffractive structure, Pi+1Representing the design degree, f, of the diffractive structurei+1The coefficient relating to the design height of the diffraction surface pattern and the radius of the tip on which the diffraction surface pattern is machined is shown, i represents the number of the diffraction surface pattern, and i is 1,2, …, n.
In some embodiments, the optical profile of the refractive structure region is a surface-based profile of the diffractive intraocular lens.
In some embodiments, the diffractive intraocular lens comprises first and second opposing faces, at least one of the first and second faces having the diffractive structural region and the refractive structural region.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a diffractive intraocular lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a diffractive intraocular lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the processing of the diffraction surface type of a diffractive intraocular lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tool for machining a diffraction surface type of a diffractive intraocular lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the respective focal point energy distribution profiles for each diffraction surface type of the diffractive intraocular lens according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the energy distribution of each focal point in the pupil aperture when the diffractive intraocular lens according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of a specific example are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in the various examples, which have been repeated for purposes of simplicity and clarity and do not in themselves dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or uses of other materials.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a diffractive intraocular lens 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a diffractive structure region 102 and a refractive structure region 104, wherein the diffractive structure region 102 is located in a central region of an optical surface of the diffractive intraocular lens 100, the refractive structure region 104 is connected to an edge of the diffractive structure region 102, and the diffractive structure region 102 includes a first diffractive structure region 106, a second diffractive structure region 108, and a third diffractive structure region 110 sequentially distributed from the central region to the edge of the optical surface of the intraocular lens;
the first diffractive structure zone 106 comprises a first diffractive focal point for far vision and a second diffractive focal point for near vision;
the second diffractive structure zone 108 comprises a third diffractive focal point for far vision, a fourth diffractive focal point for mid vision and a fifth diffractive focal point for near vision;
the third diffractive structure zone 110 comprises a sixth diffractive focal point for far vision, a seventh diffractive focal point for mid vision and an eighth diffractive focal point for near vision.
In the diffractive intraocular lens 100 described above, the fifth diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region 108, the eighth diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structure region 110, and the second diffractive focal point of the first diffractive structure region 106 are all used for near vision, so that the energy of the fifth diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region 108 and the eighth diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structure region 110 is distributed over the second diffractive focal point of the first diffractive structure region 106. Therefore, the energy utilization rate of the diffraction interval is improved, and the imaging contrast is enhanced.
Wherein the first diffraction focus, the third diffraction focus, the sixth diffraction focus and the focus of the refraction area for the visual distance are superposed; a fourth diffraction angular point and a seventh diffraction focus used for viewing coincide; the second diffraction focus, the fifth diffraction focus and the eighth diffraction focus for near vision are superposed. Namely, the whole crystal 100 forms three focal points of far vision (far vision), intermediate vision (intermediate vision) and near vision (near vision).
Further, with the increase of the pupil, the first diffraction structure region 106, the second diffraction structure region 108, the third diffraction structure region 110, and the refraction structure region 104 are gradually exposed, and with the increase of the pupil, the visual emphasis gradually transits from near vision plus far vision to intermediate vision plus far vision to far vision, which is also identical to the actual physiological and living conditions, thereby improving the visual effect.
In particular, recovery of vision after cataract is mainly aimed at distance vision, so that distance vision is the most important vision. Distance vision may extend through the entire optical surface of the diffractive intraocular lens 100, including the first, third and sixth diffractive focal points of the diffractive structure region 102, which are coincident.
For near vision, when seeing near, the light intensity is stronger, and the pupil contracts this moment, so should set up near vision in little pupil range, if strengthen near vision this moment, will lead to the interference of near vision of intermediate range formation of image, and the focus formation of image facula of far vision is big, can not cause the influence to near formation of image this moment.
For intermediate vision, the intermediate vision is concentrated relative to ground in the diffractive structure zones 108 and 110, i.e. the fourth and seventh diffractive foci. Within the second and third diffractive structure regions 108, 110, the apparent mid-focus energy distribution is less than or equal to the apparent far-focus energy. In vision, the pupil expands relative to near vision, at the moment, the near vision area is small in area, so that the near vision focal energy occupation is small, the near vision functional area of the crystal optical surface is concentrated in the small pupil area, the generated light spot is small, and the influence on the imaging quality in vision is small. When in view, within the dilated pupil range, what dominates the imaging is the spot formed on the retina by the mid-view focal point.
For intermediate vision, the light rays passing through the far-viewing focus will have an effect on intermediate vision: the light passing through the far-viewing focus can cause large light spots due to the fact that the diameter of the edge of the incident light is large, but the focus difference between the far-viewing focus and the middle-viewing focus is small, so that interference light spot signals generated by the far-viewing focus are small, the large focal depth is reflected, and the serious reduction of imaging quality cannot be caused.
Accordingly, the diffractive intraocular lens 100 of the present embodiment enables realization of a full-range diffractive intraocular lens 100 with enhanced near vision.
In addition, the outer edge of the refractive structure region 104 of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected with two spaced-apart supporting walls 112, the two supporting walls 112 being used for mounting the diffractive intraocular lens 100 in the eye. In certain embodiments, the support wall 112 is a flexible support wall 112.
It should be noted that the term "for far vision" in the present embodiment means that the diffraction structure region 102 of the crystal focuses light on the far vision focus. "used in the middle of the eye" and "used in the near of the eye" are similarly interpreted. The term "sequentially distributed" in the present embodiment means that the second diffraction structure region 108 is connected to the outer edge of the first diffraction structure region 106, and the third diffraction structure region 110 is connected to the outer edge of the second diffraction structure region 108.
In some embodiments, the refractive structure region 104 is used for distance viewing.
In this way, the distance vision of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 for distance vision can be further enhanced.
In particular, the refractive structure region 104 may act as an edge refractive region, converging 100% of the light passing through this region to the far-viewing focus. The exit light from the refractive structure region 104 is collected at the far-viewing focus, i.e. the 0 th order diffraction focus of the diffraction structure region 102.
In some embodiments, the optical profile of the refractive structure region 104 is a base curve profile (base curve) of the diffractive intraocular lens 100. Thus, the refractive structure region 104 is free of added power and is easy to manufacture, thereby reducing the cost of the diffractive intraocular lens 100.
In some embodiments, the second diffraction focus is the +1 st diffraction focus of the first diffraction structured region 106 and the first diffraction focus is the 0 th diffraction focus of the first diffraction structured region 106.
Thus, the energy for distance vision is high, ensuring that the distance vision of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 can meet the requirements, and also taking into account the near vision requirements.
Specifically, the +1 st order diffraction focus of the first diffractive structure region 106 is for near vision, plus + P degrees1D, in certain embodiments, + P1D may be set to +2.0 to +6.5D, e.g., + P1D＝+2.0D、+P1D＝+3.0D、+P1D ═ 3.5D or + P1D ═ 5.0D, and the like.
In some embodiments, the fourth diffraction focus is the +1 st diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure region 108, the fifth diffraction focus is the +2 nd diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure region 108, and the third diffraction focus is the 0 th diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure region 108.
Thus, the energy for looking far is high, the long-distance vision of the diffraction artificial crystal 100 can meet the requirement, and meanwhile, the diffraction artificial crystal is distributed according to different application scenes in looking near and in looking, so that the design of the second diffraction structure region 108 is more reasonable, further, the + 2-order diffraction energy of the second diffraction structure just can fall on the focus of looking near, and the energy loss can be reduced to the maximum extent.
Specifically, the +1 st order diffraction focus of the second diffractive structure region 108 is used for vision, and the additional power is + P2D, wherein 2P2＝P1，P1Is the addition of near vision. The second diffractive structure region 108 is located at the outer edge of the first diffractive structure region 106.
In certain embodiments, the addition D1 of the near vision diffractive focus is 2 times the addition D2 of the diffractive focus of vision, where D1 ≦ 6.5D.
Thus, the energy distribution of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 is reasonable.
In some embodiments, the seventh diffraction focus is the +1 st diffraction focus of the third diffraction structure region 110, the eighth diffraction focus is the +2 nd diffraction focus of the third diffraction structure region 110, and the sixth diffraction structure is the 0 th diffraction focus of the third diffraction structure region 110.
Thus, the energy for far vision is high, the long-distance vision of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 can meet the requirements, and meanwhile, the diffractive intraocular lens is distributed according to different application scenes in near vision and near vision, so that the design of the third diffractive structure area 110 is more reasonable, and further, the + 2-order diffractive energy of the third diffractive structure just can fall on the focus of the near vision, and the energy loss can be reduced to the greatest extent.
Specifically, the +1 st order diffraction focus of the third diffraction structure region 110 is used for the visual field, and the additional power is + P2D, wherein 2P2＝P1，P1Is the addition of near vision. The third diffractive structure region 110 is located at the outer edge of the second diffractive structure region 108 and ends up extending into the diffractive structure region 102.
In some embodiments, the diffraction structure region 102 comprises n diffraction surface types concentrically arranged, the n diffraction surface types being distributed in sequence from the optical central region to the edge of the diffractive intraocular lens 100, the first diffraction structure region 106 has 1 to 2u diffraction surface types, u is 1 or 2;
the second diffraction structure region 108 has (2u +1) th to (2u +1+ k) th diffraction surface types, k being 0 or 1;
the third diffractive structure region 110 has the (2u +1+ k +1) th to n (2u +1+ k +1) th diffractive surface types, n is not less than (2u +1+ k +1), and n is a natural number.
In this way, the corresponding diffraction structure function is realized through the distribution of the surface type.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the n diffraction surface types are distributed from the center to the edge of the optical surface of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 as the 1 st diffraction surface type, the 2 nd diffraction surface type, the 3 rd diffraction surface type, …, the i-th diffraction surface type, …, and the n-th diffraction surface type. Each diffraction profile is convex with respect to the base curve (base curve) of the diffractive intraocular lens 100.
Note that when k is 0, it means that the second diffraction structure region 108 has the 2u +1 st diffraction surface type. When n is 2u +1+ k +1, it means that the third diffraction structure region 110 has the 2u +1+ k +1 th diffraction surface type or the nth diffraction surface type.
In one example, if u is 2, k is 0, and n is 6, then the first diffractive structure region 106 has the 1 st to 4 th diffractive surface types, i.e., the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th diffractive surface types, for a total of 4 diffractive surface types. The second diffractive structure region 108 has a 5 th diffractive surface type, and the third diffractive structure region 110 has a 6 th diffractive surface type.
In another example, if u is 2, k is 1, and n is 8, then the first diffractive structure region 106 has 4 diffraction surface types, i.e., the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th diffraction surface types. The second diffraction structure region 108 has 2 diffraction surface types of 5 th to 6 th, i.e., 5 th and 6 th diffraction surface types. The third diffraction structure region 110 has 2 diffraction surface types of 7 th to 8 th diffraction surface types, that is, 7 th diffraction surface type and 8 th diffraction surface type.
In some embodiments, the 1 st to 2u th diffraction surface types have an optical path difference equal to λ/2, the (2u +1) th to (2u +1+ k) th diffraction surface types have an optical path difference equal to or greater than λ/2, and the (2u +1+ k +1) th to n th diffraction surface types have an optical path difference less than λ/2.
Thus, an apparent distance and an apparent near energy distribution of 1:1 in the first diffraction structure region 106, an apparent mid and apparent distance energy distribution of 1:1 or more in the second diffraction structure region 108, and an energy of the fifth diffraction focus (e.g., +2 order diffraction focus) at an apparent near focus of about 4.5% or less than 4.5% can be achieved, which further enhances the near vision, and an apparent mid and apparent far energy distribution of less than 1:1 (e.g., 1:3 or 1:2, etc.) in the third diffraction structure region 110; the energy at which the eighth diffractive focal point (e.g., +2 order diffractive focal point) falls in near vision is less than 4.5% (or 3.2%), further enhancing near vision. In summary, the diffractive intraocular lens 100 improves the efficiency of energy utilization and reduces the loss of energy.
In addition, about 19% of the energy for the first diffractive structure region 106 is distributed over higher order diffraction, which is considered as a proportion of the energy lost due to its inefficient use. About 15% of the energy for the second diffractive structure region 108 is distributed over higher order diffraction, which is considered as the proportion of energy lost due to inefficient use. About 15% or less of the energy for the third diffractive structure region 110 is distributed over higher order diffractions, which can be considered as a proportion of the lost energy due to inefficient use.
In certain embodiments, a processing factor is incorporated into the intraocular lens design. Due to the limitations of the tool of the machining equipment (e.g., the tool tip of the machining tool cannot be a theoretical point, and the step (step) formed by the diffraction surface cannot be a theoretical sharp angle, as shown in fig. 3), the actually machined diffraction surface structure is different from the theoretical structure. Therefore, in order to combine theoretical design with actual processing in the design to better control the optical properties of the product, in embodiments of the invention, a processing factor is introduced.
Specifically, the actual height of each of the diffraction surface patterns meets the condition of the design height: h isi+1’＝hi+1*fi+1Wherein h isi+1' denotes the actual height of the diffraction profile, hi+1A design height f representing the diffraction surface typei+1The coefficient relating to the design height of the diffraction surface pattern and the radius of the tip on which the diffraction surface pattern is machined is shown, i represents the number of the diffraction surface pattern, and i is 1,2, …, n.
Thus, fi+1Can be used as a processing factor to correct the height of the diffraction surface.
More specifically, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, the processing factor fi+1Can be determined by the following equation:
wherein, w2＝Rt 2-(Rt-h)2＝2Rt*h-h2≈2Rt*h，RtDenotes the radius of the cutting insert of the machining tool, h denotes the height of the diffraction surface type, riThe radius of the i-th diffraction surface pattern (see fig. 1 and 2).
In FIG. 4, OA is the theoretical step shape for each diffraction surface type, and the step height h is equal to the length of the line segment OA, but due to the effect of the tool tip radius, the actual step shape for the diffraction surface type is the arc OB.
In some embodiments, the actual degree of each of the first, second, and third diffractive structure zones 106, 108, 110 meets the criteria for the design degree: pi+1’＝Pi+1*fi+1Wherein P isi+1' means the diffraction structure region102 actual degree, Pi+1Represents the design degree, f, of the diffractive structure region 102i+1The coefficient relating to the design height of the diffraction surface pattern and the radius of the tip on which the diffraction surface pattern is machined is shown, i represents the number of the diffraction surface pattern, and i is 1,2, …, n.
Thus, fi+1The degree of the diffractive structure 102 can be corrected as a processing factor.
In particular, the processing factor fi+1May also be determined by the above embodiments. In embodiments of the invention, the processing factor may be used to correct the +1 order diffraction power.
In some embodiments, the diffractive intraocular lens 100 includes opposing first and second faces 114, the first face 114 having the diffractive structured region 102 and the refractive structured region 104.
Specifically, in one example, when the diffractive intraocular lens 100 is installed in an eye, the first face 114 is the surface facing the exterior of the eye and the second face is the surface facing the interior of the eye that is attached to the posterior capsule.
In other embodiments, the second face has the diffractive structured area 102 and the refractive structured area 104, or both the first face 114 and the second face have the diffractive structured area 102 and the refractive structured area 104.
The following describes embodiments of specific surface structures of the diffraction structure region 102 of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention.
Let P be the number of degrees of diffractive intraocular lens 100 and + P be the number of near-field diffraction add-on degrees of the lens1Degree (which may be set to +2.0 to + 5.0D); assuming that the degree of vision of the crystal is + P22P of2＝P1。
In one example, the crystal degrees P, P1, P2 are both for a wavelength λ 546nm, the refractive index n of the crystal being1Refractive index n of medium2For λ 546nm wavelength.
(1) Basic contour surface type (base curve) corresponding to basic degree
The basic profile surface type is the surface type of the basic cambered surface, the curvature radius R corresponding to the surface type of the basic cambered surface, the aspheric surface coefficient K, the high-order aspheric surface coefficient and the like, and the surface type of the basic cambered surface is consistent with the design of the aspheric surface artificial crystal. The base number P corresponds to an aspherical crystal, as shown by base curve in fig. 2.
(2) Optical zone division
The effective optical area of the crystal is 5.0mm-6.0mm (diameter);
① first diffractive structural region 106
The first diffractive structure region 106 is located at the central region of the optical surface of the diffractive intraocular lens 100, the main function of which is to see far and near, having 2 (e.g., zones 1 and Zone2 shown in fig. 2) or 4 diffractive surface types (zones) (e.g., zones 1 to Zone 4 of fig. 2), and the number of zones in this region is an even number. Additional degree of crystal is + P1And (4) degree.
Wherein:
λ is the wavelength, and 546nm can be used here;
rithe radius of the diffraction surface pattern (as shown in fig. 2, the position of the step formed by the diffraction surface pattern can be understood);
1,2, 3, 4, the number of diffraction surface types;
P1adding an additional degree for the +1 st order diffraction of the first diffraction structure area of the crystal;
hnis the height of the diffraction surface;
k1the optical path difference of the light wave (546nm) at the diffraction steps is equal for all the diffraction steps in the first diffraction structure region;
n1the refractive index of the crystalline material; n is2Is the refractive index of the medium surrounding the crystal.
In the first diffraction structure region 106, the 0 th order diffraction focus of the crystal falls on the far vision focus, and the effective degree is P; the +1 st order diffraction focus is at near vision focus and the additional diffraction power is P1The apparent power of the focal crystal is P1+ P; the additional degree of +2 diffraction is 2P1When the addition power is too large and the energy distribution is less, the imaged eye can not be imagedAs identified, the +2 and higher diffraction foci will not be effectively utilized, and this portion of the energy will be seen as a lost portion in the image.
The energy distribution at the 0 +1 st and higher diffraction orders is calculated by the following calculation method (p in the formula represents the diffraction level, η is the diffraction efficiency):
η
R(1)2＝2λ/P1；
energy η for high diffraction orders that cannot be utilizedlost＝1-η0+η1。
② second diffractive structural zones 108
The second diffractive structure region 108 is proximate to the first diffractive structure region 106, and the primary function of the second diffractive structure region 108 is distance and intermediate vision. Assuming that the number of diffraction surface types of the first diffraction structure region 106 is m (even number), the first diffraction surface type of the second diffraction structure region 108 is the m +1 th diffraction surface type of the whole diffraction structure region 102, and the +1 st order diffraction addition power of the diffraction structure region 108 is + P2And (4) degree.
P2Additional degrees, 2P, for the +1 st order of the second diffractive structural region 108 degrees of crystallinity2＝P1；
m is the number of diffraction surface types of the first diffraction structure region 106;
k2the optical path difference of the light wave (546nm) at the diffraction step is equal for all the diffraction steps in the second diffraction structure region;
the other symbols correspond to the formulas corresponding to the first diffractive structure regions 106.
The energy distribution of the diffraction energy levels of the second diffractive structure region 108 is subject to the calculation method of the first diffractive structure region 106. But the +2 diffraction order of the second diffractive structure region 108 produces an equivalent lens power of 2P2I.e., P1, i.e., the +2 order diffraction energy generated by the second diffraction structure region 108 can be effectively utilized to converge on the near vision focus, which coincides with the +1 order diffraction focus of the first diffraction structure region. According to the difference of the heights of the steps of the diffraction surface type, the + 2-order diffraction energy with different proportions is collected at the near-vision focus. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the second diffraction structure region 108 is high.
η0、η1、η2E.g. the first diffractive structure region 106, divided by R (1)2＝2λ/P2And (3) outside.
ηlost＝1-η0-η1-η2。
③ third diffractive structural region 110
Next to the second diffractive structure region 108, the main function of the third diffractive structure region 110 is to see far and in, and the seen far energy distribution should be stronger within the third diffractive structure region 110 than the seen energy distribution. Let the number of diffraction surface types of the first diffraction structure region 106 be m (even number). Since the apparent add power of the third diffraction structure region 110 is identical to that of the second diffraction structure region 108, the step position of each diffraction surface type of the third diffraction structure region 110 still obeys the formula in the second diffraction structure region 108. Additional degree of crystal is + P2And (4) degree.
P2Additional degrees for the +1 st order diffraction of the second diffractive structural region 108;
m is the number of diffraction surface types of the first diffraction structure region 106;
K3the optical path difference of the light wave (546nm) in the diffraction surface type, and K2Not equal.
The difference between the third diffractive structure region 110 and the second diffractive structure region 108 is: in the visual field,η, the diffracted energy of +2 orders with different proportions is collected at near and far foci according to the difference of the heights of the steps of the diffraction surface type0、η1、η2Such as the second diffractive structure region 108.
ηlost＝1-η0-η1-η2。
④ refractive structure region 104
The refractive structure region 104, also referred to as an edge refractive region, focuses light at the far-viewing focus. The optical profile of the refractive structure region 104 is the base curve profile (base curve) of the surface of the diffractive intraocular lens 100, which has no additional power present.
The exit light from the refractive structure region 104 is collected at the far-viewing focus, i.e. the 0 th order diffraction focus of the diffraction structure region 102.
The diffractive intraocular lens 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below as a specific example.
First, the optical zone of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 is partitioned into a diffractive structure zone 102 and a refractive structure zone 104. In the present example, the material of the diffractive intraocular lens 100 has a refractive index n of 546nm1Is 1.5202, refractive index n of the medium surrounding the crystal2Is 1.336.
1) First diffractive structure region 106
The first diffractive structure region 106 has a +1 order diffraction power of + 3.50D;
the first diffractive structure region 106 has 2 diffractive surface types (zones) located in the central region of the optical surface of the diffractive intraocular lens 100, namely a first diffractive surface type Zone1 and a second diffractive surface type Zone 2;
the energy distribution ratio of 0-order diffraction and + 1-order diffraction of the first diffraction structure region 106 is 1: 1;
from the above inputs:
r1＝0.5586mm；h0＝1.48um；
r2＝0.7899mm；h1＝1.48um；
η0＝41％；η1＝41％；ηlost＝18％。
2) second diffractive structure region 108
The second diffractive structure zone 108 has a +1 st order diffraction power of + 1.750D;
the second diffractive structure zone 108 has a +2 diffraction order of + 3.50D;
the second diffractive structure region 108 has the 3 rd diffractive surface type Zone3 located in the central region of the optical surface of the crystal;
the energy distribution ratio of 0-order diffraction and + 1-order diffraction of the second diffraction structure region 108 is 1: 1;
from the above inputs:
r3＝1.1171mm；h2＝1.48um；
η0＝41％；η1＝41％；η2＝4.5％；ηlost＝13.5％。
3) third diffractive structural region 110
The third diffractive structure region 110 has a +1 st order diffraction power of + 1.750D;
the third diffractive structure region 110 has a +2 diffraction order of + 3.50D;
the third diffractive structure region 110 has 4 th to 9 th diffractive surface types located in the central region of the crystal optical surface;
the energy distribution ratio of 0-order diffraction and + 1-order diffraction of the third diffraction structure region 110 is 3: 1;
from the above inputs:
r4＝1.3682um；h3＝1.085um；
r5＝1.5798mm；h4＝1.085um；
r6＝1.7660mm；h5＝1.085um；
r7＝1.9349mm；h6＝1.085um；
r8＝2.0900mm；h7＝1.085um；
r9＝2.2234mm；h8＝1.085um；
η0＝63％；η1＝21％；η2＝3.2％；ηlost＝12.8％。
4) refractive structure region 104
The surface type of the refractive structure region 104 is the basic surface type parameter of the aspheric crystal.
The interval is from 2.2234mm to the edge of the optical zone (radius 3.0 mm);
the light rays are converged to the far vision focus by 100% through refraction.
5) Introduction of processing factor
The machining factor is mainly the difference between the actual face shape and the theoretical face shape due to the limitation of the cutter in the crystal production. The processing factor can well overcome the limitation of the processing factor.
Let the radius Rt of the tool tip be 0.100 mm.
① for the diffractive structure of the first diffractive structure region 106:
w＝17.205um；
f is then1＝(0.5586/(0.5586-0.017))^2＝1.006；
Then h is1’＝1.48um*1.006＝1.49um；
P1’＝3.5D*1.006＝3.52D。
② for the diffractive structure of the second diffractive structure zone 108:
w＝17.205um；
f is then1＝(0.7899/(0.7899-0.017))^2＝1.004；
Then h is1’＝1.48um*1.004＝1.49um；
P1’＝1.75D*1.004＝1.76D；
③ for the diffractive structure of the third diffractive structure region 110:
w＝14.731um；
f is then1＝(0.7899/(0.7899-0.015))^2＝1.004；
Then h is1’＝1.085um*1.004＝1.09um；
P1’＝1.75D*1.004＝1.76D。
6) Calculation of energy distribution
The theoretical distribution of energy can be calculated according to the energy calculation method as described above.
① independent distribution of energy within each diffraction surface pattern (please refer to FIG. 5)
TABLE 1 energy distribution of each focal point for each diffraction surface type (Zone)
② Total energy distribution within different pupil radii (please refer to FIG. 6)
TABLE 2 energy distribution of each focal point within pupil aperture
| Aperture r/mm | 0.56 | 0.79 | 1.12 | 1.37 | 1.58 | 1.77 | 1.93 | 2.09 | 2.22 | 2.37 | 3.00 |
| Far-focus/%) | 41.0 | 41.0 | 41.0 | 48.3 | 52.0 | 54.2 | 55.7 | 56.7 | 57.5 | 62.2 | 76.4 |
| Middle jiao/%) | 0 | 0 | 20.5 | 20.7 | 20.8 | 20.8 | 20.8 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 18.6 | 11.6 |
| Near focus/% | 41.0 | 41.0 | 22.8 | 16.2 | 13.0 | 11.0 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 8.09 | 7.2 | 4.5 |
| Loss/%) | 18.0 | 18.0 | 15.8 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 12.0 | 7.5 |
In summary, the diffractive intraocular lens 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention can satisfy the requirements of far vision, near vision and middle vision.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A diffractive intraocular lens comprising a diffractive structure region and a refractive structure region, the diffractive structure region being located in a central region of an optical surface of the diffractive intraocular lens, the refractive structure region being attached to an edge of the diffractive structure region, the diffractive structure region comprising a first diffractive structure region, a second diffractive structure region and a third diffractive structure region distributed in that order from the central region to the edge of the optical surface of the intraocular lens;
the first diffractive structure region comprising a first diffractive focal point for distance viewing and a second diffractive focal point for near viewing;
the second diffractive structure region comprises a third diffractive focal point for far vision, a fourth diffractive focal point for near vision and a fifth diffractive focal point for near vision, the fourth diffractive focal point is a +1 order diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region, the fifth diffractive focal point is a +2 order diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region, and the third diffractive focal point is a 0 order diffractive focal point of the second diffractive structure region;
the third diffractive structure zone includes a sixth diffractive focal point for far vision, a seventh diffractive focal point for mid vision, and an eighth diffractive focal point for near vision.
2. The diffractive intraocular lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractive structure region is used for the optical distance.
3. The diffractive intraocular lens according to claim 1, wherein the second diffractive focal point is the +1 st order diffractive focal point of the first diffractive structural region and the first diffractive focal point is the 0 th order diffractive focal point of the first diffractive structural region.
4. The diffractive intraocular lens of claim 1, wherein the addition power of the near diffractive focal point D1 is 2 times the addition power of the diffractive focal point in view D2, wherein D1 ≦ 6.5D.
5. The diffractive intraocular lens according to claim 1, wherein the seventh diffractive focal point is the +1 st order diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structured region, the eighth diffractive focal point is the +2 nd order diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structured region, and the sixth diffractive structure is the 0 th order diffractive focal point of the third diffractive structured region.
6. The diffractive intraocular lens according to claim 1, wherein said second diffractive structure area and said third diffractive structure area have different proportions of energy distribution to the in-view and the far-view diffractive focal points; the third diffraction structure area reduces the proportion of diffraction focus energy distribution in the view and increases the proportion of diffraction focus energy distribution in the far vision relative to the second diffraction structure area; the additional degree D1 of the diffraction focus of the second diffraction structure zone and the third diffraction structure zone is 2 times of the additional degree D2 of the diffraction focus in the visual field; the energy distribution ratio of the far vision diffraction focus of the first diffraction structure area and the third diffraction structure area is always larger than 40% from the center of the optical surface to the edge of the optical surface.
7. The diffractive intraocular lens according to claim 1, wherein the diffractive structure region comprises n diffractive surface types arranged concentrically, the n diffractive surface types being distributed in sequence from the optical central region to the edge of the diffractive intraocular lens, the first diffractive structure region having 1 to 2u diffractive surface types, u ═ 1 or 2;
the second diffraction structure region has the diffraction surface types from (2u +1) to (2u +1+ k), k being 0 or 1;
the third diffraction structure area has (2u +1+ k +1) th to n diffraction surface types, n is not less than (2u +1+ k +1), and n is a natural number.
8. The diffractive intraocular lens of claim 7 wherein the 1 st to 2u th of the diffractive surface types have an optical path difference equal to λ/2, the (2u +1) th to (2u +1+ k) th of the diffractive surface types have an optical path difference equal to or greater than λ/2, and the (2u +1+ k +1) th to n th of the diffractive surface types have an optical path difference less than λ/2.
9. The diffractive intraocular lens of claim 7 wherein the actual height of each of the diffractive surface shapes is conditioned to a design height: h isi+1’＝hi+1*fi+1Wherein h isi+1' denotes the actual height of the diffraction profile, hi+1A design height f representing the diffraction surface typei+1The coefficient relating to the design height of the diffraction surface pattern and the radius of the tip on which the diffraction surface pattern is machined is shown, i represents the number of the diffraction surface pattern, and i is 1,2, …, n.
10. The diffractive intraocular lens of claim 7, wherein the actual power of each of the first, second and third diffractive structure zones is in accordance with a design power: pi+1’＝Pi+1*fi+1Wherein P isi+1' denotes the actual degree of the diffractive structure, Pi+1Representing the design degree, f, of the diffractive structurei+1The coefficient relating to the design height of the diffraction surface pattern and the radius of the tip on which the diffraction surface pattern is machined is shown, i represents the number of the diffraction surface pattern, and i is 1,2, …, n.
11. The diffractive intraocular lens according to claim 1, wherein the optical surface profile of the refractive structure region is a surface-based curvature profile of the diffractive intraocular lens.
12. The diffractive intraocular lens of claim 1, wherein the diffractive intraocular lens comprises first and second opposing faces, at least one of the first and second faces having the diffractive structural region and the refractive structural region.
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