CN108644299B

CN108644299B - Disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber

Info

Publication number: CN108644299B
Application number: CN201810516227.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐真珍; 王雷; 陈海涛; 于殿君; 刘焕兴
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Specialized Machinery
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Specialized Machinery
Priority date: 2018-05-25
Filing date: 2018-05-25
Publication date: 2020-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-25
Also published as: CN108644299A

Abstract

The invention relates to a disc spring combined type magneto-rheological damping shock absorber, and relates to the technical field of mechanical structure vibration control. The invention combines the magneto-rheological damper and the traditional damping element disc spring in parallel, realizes vertical damping through the guide mechanism, obtains a modular damper, can realize real-time control on the damper by adopting a semi-active control method, changes the magnetic field intensity by changing current, and changes the viscosity of controllable fluid within millisecond, realizes the adjustment of rigidity and damping, and realizes intelligent damping.

Description

Disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical structure vibration control, in particular to a disc spring combined type magneto-rheological damping shock absorber.

Background

Reducing the vibration of the aircraft launching device to protect the aircraft and achieve safe launching of the aircraft is a problem that must be considered when designing the aircraft launching device. Excessive vibration may cause structural damage to the launching device, which may affect the storage environment of the aircraft and thereby damage the structural integrity of the aircraft, or the aircraft may not launch normally, which may affect the operational capability of the ship. The launching device of the ship and the submarine aircraft has large structural size and large loaded cartridge bomb mass, and simultaneously the launching device of the common carrier can change the mass of the whole launching device along with the launching of the aircraft due to the loading of a plurality of cartridge bombs, and simultaneously launches the impact load and the excitation action of the external environment, so that the shock absorber is in a working environment with large load and variable load.

At present, a ship and a submarine load launching device use passive control shock absorbers such as rubber pads, disc spring assemblies, oil gas or oil liquid spring shock absorbers and the like to carry out shock absorption, wherein the rubber pads and the disc spring assemblies have simple structures and good maintainability, but have poor adaptability to load and excitation; the oil gas or oil liquid spring shock absorber is usually adjustable, the flow area is changed by adjusting the opening size of a throttling hole so as to adjust the damping coefficient, a required controller and an actuating mechanism are complex, the output damping force is changed along with the stroke of a piston on the shock absorber, and when the oil gas or oil liquid spring shock absorber is used in a launching well with a tight space requirement, the occupied space is larger.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to provide a can bear heavy load, to becoming strong, response speed is fast, the stroke is little, application scope is wide, modularization, installation dismantlement are convenient reduce aircraft emitter's vibration and then protect the aircraft and realize the shock absorber of the safe transmission of aircraft.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a disc spring combined type magneto-rheological damping shock absorber which comprises an upper flange 1, a

lower flange

2, 1 magneto-rheological damper 3, a plurality of disc spring assemblies 4 and a plurality of guide mechanisms 5;

the disc spring assemblies 4 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 to form a circle and are respectively connected with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2, and the disc spring assemblies 4 are pre-pressed to a certain extent when being installed and are always in a pressed state in the using process; the guide mechanisms 5 realize the guide effect in the vertical direction for the movement of the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2, so that the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 realize vertical relative movement, are respectively connected with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 and are positioned at the periphery of the disc spring assembly 4; the magnetorheological damper 3 is positioned at the circle center between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 and is correspondingly connected with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 through an upper connecting flange 7 and a lower connecting flange 8 respectively;

the magnetorheological damper 3 comprises the upper connecting flange 7, the lower connecting flange 8, an integrated piston shaft 9, a damper upper cover 10, a damper inner wall 11, a damper outer wall 12, a throttling channel 13, a damper lower cover 14, a sealing ring 15, an iron core 16 and an excitation coil 17;

the integrated piston shaft 9 is in a cross shape and comprises an upper vertical part, a middle transverse part and a lower vertical part; the damper inner wall 11 and the damper outer wall 12 are both of annular structures, the damper outer wall 12 is sleeved on the outer side of the damper inner wall 11, the damper inner wall and the damper outer wall are located between the damper upper cover 10 and the damper lower cover 14, the excitation coil 17 is wound on the iron core 16 in the same direction, the strength of a magnetic field is changed by changing the size of current passing through the excitation coil 17, four groups of the iron core 16 and the excitation coil 17 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees and are located between the damper inner wall 11 and the damper outer wall 12, four throttling channels 13 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees and are located between the damper inner wall 11 and the damper outer wall 12, gaps are reserved between the position, facing the throttling channel 13, on the damper inner wall 11 and the damper upper cover 10 and the damper lower cover 14, and the whole body formed by the iron core 16 and the excitation coil 17 is arranged at intervals with the throttling; the upper damper cover 10 is sleeved on the upper vertical part of the integrated piston shaft 9, a space defined by the integrated piston shaft 9, the upper damper cover 10 and the inner damper wall 11 forms an upper chamber, a space defined by the integrated piston shaft 9, the lower damper cover 14 and the inner damper wall 11 forms a lower chamber, and magnetorheological fluid is filled in the upper chamber, the lower chamber and the throttling channel 13; the sealing ring 15 is embedded in the middle transverse part of the integrated piston shaft 9, and gaps are reserved between the position of the throttling channel 13 arranged on the inner wall 11 of the damper and the upper cover 10 and the lower cover 14 of the damper, so that the magnetorheological fluid cannot directly exchange and flow between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, but only flows between the upper chamber and the lower chamber through the throttling channel 13; the upper connecting flange 7 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the integrated piston shaft 9; the lower connecting flange 8 is fixedly connected with the damper lower cover 14.

Preferably, the guiding mechanism 5 is implemented by an outer sleeve sleeved on an inner sleeve, and the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can move relatively in a vertical direction.

Preferably, there are three of said guide means 5.

Preferably, the guide mechanisms 5 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2.

Preferably, during installation, the launching device is connected with the shock absorber through the upper flange 1, and the launching well is connected with the shock absorber through the lower flange 2, so that vertical shock absorption of the aircraft launching device is realized.

Preferably, the lower connecting flange 8 and the damper lower cover 14 are fixed by bolting.

Preferably, a plurality of disc spring assemblies 4 are respectively screwed with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2.

Preferably, the guide mechanism 5 is screwed with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 respectively.

Preferably, the magnetorheological damper 3 is correspondingly screwed with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 through the upper connecting flange 7 and the lower connecting flange 8.

Preferably, there are 8 disc spring assemblies 4.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention combines the magneto-rheological damper and the traditional damping element disc spring in parallel, realizes vertical damping through the guide mechanism, obtains a modular damper, can realize real-time control on the damper by adopting a semi-active control method, changes the magnetic field intensity by changing current, and changes the viscosity of controllable fluid within millisecond, realizes the adjustment of rigidity and damping, and realizes intelligent damping. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber is a semi-active control intelligent shock absorber and has the advantages of strong bearing capacity, large damping force, wide adjusting range, strong self-adaptive capacity, high response speed, low energy consumption, convenient assembly and disassembly due to modular design and the like. Meanwhile, the sizes of the magneto-rheological damper, the disc spring assembly and the guide mechanism can be designed according to the change of the using load, and the magneto-rheological damper, the disc spring assembly and the guide mechanism are flexibly suitable for different aircraft launching devices.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper and lower flanges of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a disc spring assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the magnetorheological damper of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a rotational cross-sectional view of a magnetorheological damper in accordance with the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the disc spring combined magnetorheological damper provided by the invention comprises an upper flange 1, a

lower flange

2, 1

magnetorheological damper

3, 8

disc spring assemblies

4, 3 guide mechanisms 5 and a plurality of standard connecting parts 6. The connection mode among each subassembly does: the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 are in threaded connection with other components through standard parts 6 to form a modular vibration damper. The 8 disc spring assemblies 4 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 to form a circle, and are respectively in threaded connection with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 through upper and lower standard parts; the guide mechanism 5 is used for realizing the guide effect in the vertical direction for the movement of the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2, so that the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 can realize vertical relative movement, the structure form is realized by sleeving an outer sleeve on an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can move relatively in the vertical direction and are respectively in threaded connection with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 through an upper standard part and a lower standard part, and the number of the guide mechanisms 5 is three, the three guide mechanisms are uniformly distributed between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 and are positioned at the periphery of the disc spring assembly 4; the magnetorheological damper 3 is positioned at the circle center between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 and is respectively in threaded connection with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 through an upper connecting flange 7 and a lower connecting flange 8. Before use, the control mode is designed according to the size and the variation form of the excitation, so that the vibration damper is adjusted in real time to meet the use requirement. During installation, the launching device is connected with the shock absorber through the upper flange 1, the launching well is connected with the shock absorber through the lower flange 2, and vertical intelligent shock absorption of the aircraft launching device is achieved. Wherein the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 are provided with mounting planes and mounting holes, the size of the flanges can be adjusted according to the using space and the size of the connecting and transmitting device, but the relative positions of the mounting surfaces are kept unchanged as shown in figure 2. And mounting flanges are designed at the two ends of the magnetorheological damper 3, the disc spring assembly 4 and the guide mechanism 5, mounting holes are reserved at the two ends of the magnetorheological damper, and the mounting flanges are connected with the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 through standard parts 6. Because the disc spring can only bear compression load, the disc spring component 4 has certain prepressing when being designed and installed, and is ensured to be always in a pressed state in the using process.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the magnetorheological damper 3 is composed of an upper connecting flange 7, a lower connecting flange 8, an integrated piston shaft 9, a damper upper cover 10, a damper inner wall 11, a damper outer wall 12, a throttling channel 13, a damper lower cover 14, a sealing ring 15, an iron core 16 and a magnet exciting coil 17.

The integrated piston shaft 9 is in a cross shape and comprises an upper vertical part, a middle transverse part and a lower vertical part; the damper inner wall 11 and the damper outer wall 12 are both of annular structures, the damper outer wall 12 is sleeved on the outer side of the damper inner wall 11, the damper inner wall and the damper outer wall are located between the damper upper cover 10 and the damper lower cover 14, the excitation coil 17 is wound on the iron core 16 in the same direction, the strength of a magnetic field is changed by changing the size of current passing through the excitation coil 17, four groups of the iron core 16 and the excitation coil 17 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees and are located between the damper inner wall 11 and the damper outer wall 12, four throttling channels 13 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees and are located between the damper inner wall 11 and the damper outer wall 12, gaps are reserved between the position, facing the throttling channel 13, on the damper inner wall 11 and the damper upper cover 10 and the damper lower cover 14, and the whole body formed by the iron core 16 and the excitation coil 17 is arranged at intervals with the throttling; the upper damper cover 10 is sleeved on the upper vertical part of the integrated piston shaft 9, a space defined by the integrated piston shaft 9, the upper damper cover 10 and the inner damper wall 11 forms an upper chamber, a space defined by the integrated piston shaft 9, the lower damper cover 14 and the inner damper wall 11 forms a lower chamber, and magnetorheological fluid is filled in the upper chamber, the lower chamber and the throttling channel 13; the sealing ring 15 is embedded in the middle transverse part of the integrated piston shaft 9, and gaps are reserved between the position of the throttling channel 13 arranged on the inner wall 11 of the damper and the upper cover 10 and the lower cover 14 of the damper, so that the magnetorheological fluid cannot directly exchange and flow between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, but only flows between the upper chamber and the lower chamber through the throttling channel 13; the upper connecting flange 7 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the integrated piston shaft 9; the lower connecting flange 8 and the damper lower cover 14 are fixedly connected through bolts.

The working principle is as follows: when the launching well is vibrated by the outside, the lower flange 2 of the shock absorber generates relative motion relative to the upper flange 1, at the moment, the disc spring assembly 4 provides elastic modulus through self deformation to change the rigidity of the shock absorber, but the disc spring assembly 4 has small damping, so the invention also provides damping compensation through the parallel magnetorheological damper 3. Therefore, when the lower flange 2 generates relative motion relative to the upper flange 1, the lower connecting flange 8 of the magnetorheological damper 3 and the damper lower cover 14 also generate relative motion relative to the integrated piston shaft 9, so that magnetorheological fluid flows between the upper chamber and the lower chamber through the throttling channel 13 to generate damping force, and the relative motion is blocked. As shown by the arrows in fig. 6, when the integrated piston shaft 9 moves downward relative to the lower connecting flange 8 of the magnetorheological damper 3, the magnetorheological fluid in the lower chamber flows to the upper chamber through the throttling channel 13 in the flow direction shown by the arrows, and when the integrated piston shaft 9 moves upward relative to the rest of the magnetorheological damper 3, the flow direction is opposite. According to the relative motion condition, the external control system calculates the required current condition, the current changes the magnetic field intensity through the magnet exciting coil 17, so that the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, the controlled damping force is generated, the real-time intelligent vibration reduction between the launching well and the launching device is realized, and the purpose of protecting the aircraft is achieved. In the process, the disc spring assembly 4 deforms and passes through the elastic modulus, and meanwhile, the magnetorheological damper 3 generates heat to realize energy attenuation, so that the combined vibration attenuation effect of the disc spring assembly and the magnetorheological damper is realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disc spring combined type magneto-rheological damping shock absorber is characterized by comprising an upper flange (1), a lower flange (2), a magneto-rheological damper (3), a plurality of disc spring assemblies (4) and a plurality of guide mechanisms (5);

the disc spring assemblies (4) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed between the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2) to form a circle, and are respectively connected with the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2), and the disc spring assemblies (4) are pre-pressed to a certain extent when being installed and are always in a pressed state in the using process; the guide mechanisms (5) realize the guide effect in the vertical direction for the movement of the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2), so that the upper flange and the lower flange realize vertical relative movement, are respectively connected with the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2), and are positioned at the periphery of the disc spring assembly (4); the magneto-rheological damper (3) is positioned at the circle center between the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2) and is correspondingly connected with the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2) through an upper connecting flange (7) and a lower connecting flange (8) respectively;

the magneto-rheological damper (3) comprises an upper connecting flange (7), a lower connecting flange (8), an integrated piston shaft (9), a damper upper cover (10), a damper inner wall (11), a damper outer wall (12), a throttling channel (13), a damper lower cover (14), a sealing ring (15), an iron core (16) and an excitation coil (17);

the integrated piston shaft (9) is in a cross shape and comprises an upper vertical part, a middle transverse part and a lower vertical part; the inner wall (11) and the outer wall (12) of the damper are both of annular structures, the outer wall (12) of the damper is sleeved outside the inner wall (11) of the damper and the two are positioned between the upper cover (10) and the lower cover (14) of the damper, the magnet exciting coil (17) is wound on the iron core (16) in the same direction, the intensity of a magnetic field is changed by changing the size of current passing through the magnet exciting coil (17), four groups of the iron core (16) and the magnet exciting coil (17) are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees, one group is arranged at intervals of 90 degrees and is positioned between the inner wall (11) of the damper and the outer wall (12) of the damper, gaps are reserved between the position, which is just opposite to the throttle channel (13), on the inner wall (11) of the damper and the upper cover (10) and the lower cover (14) of the damper, the whole body formed by the iron core (16) and the excitation coil (17) is arranged at intervals with the throttling channel (13); the upper damper cover (10) is sleeved on the upper vertical part of the integrated piston shaft (9), a space enclosed among the integrated piston shaft (9), the upper damper cover (10) and the inner damper wall (11) forms an upper chamber, a space enclosed among the integrated piston shaft (9), the lower damper cover (14) and the inner damper wall (11) forms a lower chamber, and magnetorheological fluid is filled in the upper chamber, the lower chamber and the throttling channel (13); the sealing ring (15) is embedded in the middle transverse part of the integrated piston shaft (9), and gaps are reserved between the position of the throttling channel (13) arranged on the inner wall (11) of the damper and the upper cover (10) and the lower cover (14) of the damper, so that magnetorheological fluid cannot directly exchange and flow between the upper cavity and the lower cavity but only flows between the upper cavity and the lower cavity through the throttling channel (13); the upper connecting flange (7) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the integrated piston shaft (9); the lower connecting flange (8) is fixedly connected with the lower damper cover (14);

when the launching well is vibrated by the outside, the lower flange (2) of the shock absorber generates relative motion relative to the upper flange (1), at the moment, the disc spring assembly (4) provides elastic modulus through self deformation, the lower connecting flange (8) of the magneto-rheological damper (3) and the damper lower cover (14) generate relative motion relative to the integrated piston shaft (9) while the lower flange (2) generates relative motion relative to the upper flange (1), so that magneto-rheological fluid flows between the upper cavity chamber and the lower cavity chamber through the throttling channel (13) to generate damping force to block the relative motion, when the integrated piston shaft (9) moves downwards relative to the lower connecting flange (8) of the magneto-rheological damper (3), the magneto-rheological fluid in the lower cavity chamber flows to the upper cavity chamber through the throttling channel (13), and when the integrated piston shaft (9) moves upwards relative to other parts of the magneto-rheological damper (3), the flowing directions are opposite, the required current condition is calculated according to the relative movement condition, and the current changes the magnetic field intensity through the exciting coil (17), so that the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, and further, the controlled damping force is generated.

2. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the guide mechanism (5) is realized by sleeving an outer sleeve on an inner sleeve, and the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can move relatively in a vertical direction.

3. Disc spring combined magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, wherein there are three guide means (5).

4. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the guide mechanisms (5) are uniformly distributed between the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2) in the circumferential direction.

5. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein during installation, the launching device is connected with the shock absorber through the upper flange (1), and the launching well is connected with the shock absorber through the lower flange (2), so that vertical shock absorption of the launching device of the aircraft is realized.

6. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the lower connecting flange (8) is fixedly connected with the lower damper cover (14) through bolts.

7. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the disc spring assemblies (4) are respectively in threaded connection with the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2).

8. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the guide mechanism (5) is in threaded connection with the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2) respectively.

9. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the magnetorheological damper (3) is correspondingly screwed with the upper flange (1) and the lower flange (2) through the upper connecting flange (7) and the lower connecting flange (8).

10. The disc spring combined type magnetorheological damping shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the number of the disc spring assemblies (4) is 8.