CN108641732A - The upright distillation process of external-heat and destructive distillation device using coal gas as quenching mode - Google Patents
The upright distillation process of external-heat and destructive distillation device using coal gas as quenching mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN108641732A CN108641732A CN201810415312.7A CN201810415312A CN108641732A CN 108641732 A CN108641732 A CN 108641732A CN 201810415312 A CN201810415312 A CN 201810415312A CN 108641732 A CN108641732 A CN 108641732A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B3/00—Coke ovens with vertical chambers
- C10B3/02—Coke ovens with vertical chambers with heat-exchange devices
Abstract
The invention belongs to coals to process field of comprehensive utilization, be related to a kind of upright distillation process of external-heat and its upright destructive distillation device of external-heat using coal gas as quenching mode.Device includes the dryer section being arranged from top to down, retort section and quenching section, and the retort section includes combustion chamber and is set to the indoor multiple carbonization chambers of burning, and the upper end of multiple carbonization chambers is connected to the dryer section, and lower end is connected to the quenching section.The present invention carries out quenching using coal gas, significantly reduces the moisture in the consumption and semicoke of water.Calorific value of gas and tar yield can be improved using external-heat destructive distillation, it is adaptable to raw material particle size.Meanwhile the main fuel using self-produced coke breeze as outer hot gas retort, the coal gas after heat exchange not only take full advantage of the sensible heat of semicoke as auxiliary fuel and heat source, also reduce the dosage of coal gas, and then increase the yield of coal gas downstream product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coals to process field of comprehensive utilization, be related to a kind of upright as the external-heat of quenching mode using coal gas
Distillation process and its upright destructive distillation device of external-heat.
Background technology
Quenching refers to the process of that the high-temperature coke that will be obtained in retort process is cooled to the temperature for being readily transported and storing, right
It can be divided into two kinds of Dry Quenching and wet quenching again in upright gas retort.Wherein, Dry Quenching is the coal gas generated with retort section
High-temperature coke cooling heel row is removed into coke oven, wet quenching is directly to cool down to high-temperature coke by water spray.
Northwest China area low-disintegration coal charcoal is resourceful, such moisture content of coal and volatile matter content are high, are highly suitable as
The raw material of low temperature distillation, to produce tar, coal gas and semicoke.It is uprightly done currently, domestic enterprise mostly uses internal heat type low-temperature dry distillation
Technique is evaporated, the wherein high temperature needed for retort section is mixed and burned with oxygen rich gas by self-produced coal gas and provides, and quenching section is then direct
Cooled down using water at low temperature STRENGTH ON COKE.
Although existing low temperature distillation technique technology maturation, reliable for operation, the problem of all various aspects is still remained:
(1) internal heat type destructive distillation is whole because, containing more oxygen, keeping oxycarbide content in the coal gas of generation higher in system
Body heat value is relatively low.
(2) internally heated retort oven heats coal with air burning using the self-produced coal gas of retort process so that big
Part coal gas needs to flow back into retort section, and gas yield is made to decline.
(3) exhaust gas that gas-fired generates can be mixed into newly generated coal gas, not only further decrease the calorific value of coal gas,
Increase the cost of later separation and purified treatment.
(4) wet quenching is used, not only the local valuable water resource of waste, the quenching waste water of generation will also result in serious
Environmental problem.In addition, semicoke after cooling also needs to be further dried, to remove extra moisture.
(5) a large amount of steam that wet quenching generates are directly discharged in air, cause the waste of semicoke sensible heat.According to meter
It calculates, often refines heat about 2.21~2.35GJ that 1 ton of semicoke needs and accounted for wherein because of the heat about 1.05GJ that wet quenching is taken away
The 45% of total amount of heat.
In addition, the raw material that the internal thermal upright gas retort of Technical comparing maturation uses both at home and abroad must be 20~120mm
Lump coal reduces pressure drop, ensures the even running of device in order that improving the venting capability in coal seam in stove.As mechanization is adopted
The yield of the development of coal, fine coal gradually increases, and this part fine coal can not use traditional internal thermal upright furnace technology to handle, and make
At a large amount of wastes of resource.It is compared with internal thermal upright stove, external-heat upright furnace has a clear superiority in terms of handling fine coal:
The coal gas used as heat-source Cycles will not be directly entered in the coal seam of retort section, reduce the gas output of retort section, pressure drop is not
It can be significantly raised;Coal seam is slowly moved down by its own gravity, and movement is more gentle, reduces the fine coal generated by the friction between coal cinder
Amount;Due to not having inert gas introducing, coal gas active principle is high, and yield reduces, and flows through the narrow-minded of coal seam, reduces because of air-flow
Impact the coal amount generated.
Invention content
It the purpose of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem, provides a kind of simple for process, it is aobvious effectively to recycle semicoke
Heat, coal gas and tar are energy-saving and environment-friendly straight as the upright distillation process of external-heat and its external-heat of quenching mode using coal gas
Vertical destructive distillation device.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts a technical scheme as:
A kind of upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat, including the dryer section, retort section and the quenching section that are arranged from top to down, it is described
Retort section includes combustion chamber and is set to the indoor multiple carbonization chambers of burning, and the upper end of multiple carbonization chambers is done with described
Dry section of connection, lower end is connected to the quenching section 14.
The carbonization chamber is connected to tar collecting unit and desulfurization unit successively by gas-guide tube, destructive distillation in the carbonization chamber
The coal gas and tar of generation carry out Oil-gas Separation by the tar collecting unit, then carry out desulfurization by desulfurization unit, described
Desulfurization unit is connected to by gaspipe line with the quenching section, and cooled coal gas is provided for the quenching section.
The quenching section provides heating gas by gaspipe line and the combustion chamber, for the combustion chamber.
Multiple charing interventricular septum settings in the combustion chamber, the bottom of the combustion chamber is equipped with smoke distribution room, helps
Air or oxygen rich gas is fired by smoke distribution room to be entered in each combustion chamber.
The top of the combustion chamber is equipped with the fume collection pipe with the combustion chamber, the height in the fume collection pipe
Wet body is sent by high-temperature blower 10 in the dryer section.
The lower part and top of the dryer section are respectively equipped with smoke distribution unit and gas collection unit, the smoke distribution unit
It is connected to the fume collection pipe, the gas collection unit is connected to dust pelletizing system.
The lower section of the quenching section is equipped with coke pusher and quenching and defeated coke installation.
A kind of to use the upright distillation process of external-heat of the coal gas in the way of quenching by device, coal raw material is through the outer warm
The feeding mouth of the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of formula enters, and raw material enters carbonization chamber in 500~600 DEG C of high temperature after dryer section is dried
Carbonization obtains coal gas, tar and semicoke under hot wind, and gained coal gas and tar enter tar collecting unit and carries out Oil-gas Separation, point
Coal gas from after collects coal gas product, the semicoke one generated after the part low temperature coal gas of collection and pyrolysis after supercooling, desulfurization
And it is passed through the quenching section of the upright gas retort of external-heat, realize heat exchange, heating gas is exported by quenching section export mouth by doing after heat exchange
Furnace combustion chamber temperature adjustment fume pipe 11 enters combustion chamber, obtains semicoke product after heat exchange after the screened processing of the semicoke of no longer resume combustion,
The coke breeze recycling screened out is utilized as the fuel recovery of combustion chamber.
Using coke breeze as main fuel in the combustion chamber, combustion air or oxygen rich gas are imported by retort section lower pipeline,
Enter in combustion chamber through cloth air flue, meet and burn with the indoor heating gas that burns, and then the coke breeze that burns, acquisition 1000~
1100 DEG C of hot wind;Heat is indirectly transferred to carbonization chamber by the high-temperature gas that burning generates by the interlayer of combustion chamber and carbonization chamber
It is interior, feed coal is heated to 500~600 DEG C, is realized to raw material coal carbonization.
The amount for collecting the quenching section that low temperature coal gas is passed through the upright gas retort of external-heat is 30~50Nm3/h;It is described to put out
High-temperature semi-coke temperature is down to 150~200 DEG C of discharges and carries out cooling screening acquisition semicoke product after heat exchange in burnt section.
Advantage possessed by the present invention:
(1) present invention process is suitable for grain size<The fine coal of 20mm, adaptability to raw material is strong, improves the utilization ratio of coal.
(2) dry quenching method of the present invention is used, the dosage of water is not only reduced, has also fully recycled semicoke sensible heat.
(3) coke powder screened out using the present invention makees the heat source of retort section, has saved the usage amount of coal gas, has reduced energy
Consumption, improves the utilization ratio of semicoke.
(4) calorific value of gas of present invention process production is higher, is 2 times of traditional internal thermal upright stove, can subsequently detach
Go out a large amount of liquefied petroleum gas product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus front view of external-heat provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1- gas retort pan feedings
Mouthful;2- dryer sections;3- gas collection units;4- smoke distribution units;5- fume collection pipes;The combustion chambers 6-;7- furnace insulation thermal insulation layers;
8- smoke distributions room;9- carbonization chambers;10- high-temperature blowers;11- temperature adjustment fume pipes;12- burner noz(zle)s;13- coke pushers;14- is put out
Burnt and defeated coke installation;15- material envelope breeze ways;Thickness of feed layer above H1- gas collections unit;The bed of material is thick below H2- smoke distributions unit
Degree.
Fig. 2 is the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus A-A sectional views of external-heat provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the process flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention process is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The coal gas that apparatus of the present invention gas retort retort section destructive distillation generates is after tar separation and collecting, part low temperature purification coal
Gas returns to the high-temperature semi-coke heat exchange in quenching section, with quenching section, and semicoke temperature is made to be reduced to after the temperature of no longer resume combustion by the discharging of the coke
Mouth discharge;Combustion chamber of the heating gas from the export of quenching section into retort section periphery after heat exchange, it is abundant with the coke breeze in combustion chamber
Contact;Micropore of the combustion air through cloth air flue enters retort section, meets and burns with heating gas and coke breeze;Burn the height generated
Heat is indirectly transferred to the indoor feed coal of charing by wet body by partition wall, is realized to raw material coal carbonization.
Destructive distillation --- feed coal of the present invention enters retort section from top to bottom under the effect of gravity after dryer section is dehydrated,
The fine coal that the water of removing goes out through dedusting sub-argument is mixed into retort section with dry raw coal, and pyrolysis is coal gas, coke under pyrolysis temperature
Oil and semicoke.High-temperature semi-coke exchanges heat into deposit interest coke section and part low temperature firing tunnel in coking furnace so that semicoke temperature is reduced to no longer resume combustion
Temperature, coal gas and tar enter tar collecting unit and carry out Oil-gas Separation.Coal gas after separation is after supercooling, desulfurization, portion
Divide and import the burnt section progress dry coke quenching of breath, the heating gas after heat exchange enters the combustion chamber of retort section periphery as heat source.The dry burnt section of breath
After screening, coke breeze enters combustion chamber to the semicoke of exclusion as fuel.
The present invention carries out quenching using coal gas, significantly reduces the moisture in the consumption and semicoke of water.Using external-heat
Destructive distillation can improve calorific value of gas and tar yield, adaptable to raw material particle size.Meanwhile using self-produced coke breeze as outer
The main fuel of hot gas retort, the coal gas after heat exchange not only take full advantage of the sensible heat of semicoke as auxiliary fuel and heat source, also
Reduce the dosage of coal gas, and then increases the yield of coal gas downstream product.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2,
The upright gas retort of external-heat, including the dryer section, retort section and the quenching section that are arranged from top to down, the retort section packet
It includes combustion chamber and is set to the indoor multiple carbonization chambers of burning, upper end and the dryer section of multiple carbonization chambers connect
Logical, lower end is connected to the quenching section.
The carbonization chamber is connected to tar collecting unit and desulfurization unit successively by gas-guide tube, destructive distillation in the carbonization chamber
The coal gas and tar of generation carry out Oil-gas Separation by the tar collecting unit, then carry out desulfurization by desulfurization unit, described
Desulfurization unit is connected to by gaspipe line with the quenching section 14, and cooled coal gas is provided for the quenching section.
The quenching section provides heating gas by gaspipe line and the combustion chamber, for the combustion chamber.
Multiple charing interventricular septum settings in the combustion chamber, the bottom of the combustion chamber is equipped with smoke distribution room, helps
Air or oxygen rich gas is fired by smoke distribution room to be entered in each combustion chamber.
The top of the combustion chamber is equipped with the fume collection pipe with the combustion chamber, the height in the fume collection pipe
Wet body is sent by high-temperature blower 10 in the dryer section.
The lower part and top of the dryer section are respectively equipped with smoke distribution unit and gas collection unit, the smoke distribution unit
It is connected to the fume collection pipe, the gas collection unit is connected to dust pelletizing system.
The lower section of the quenching section is equipped with coke pusher and quenching and defeated coke installation.
Embodiment 2:The application for the fine coal low temperature distillation industrial demonstration unit that annual amount for the treatment of is 100,000 tons
(1) basic condition:
Annual amount for the treatment of is 100,000 tons of fine coal low temperature distillation demonstration plant, includes mainly:Standby coal unit, drying/destructive distillation list
Member, quenching unit, oil wash recovery unit, washing recovery unit, desulfurization unit etc..After operating steadily, can produce every year semicoke 4~
60000 tons, coal gas 1.5~20,000 ton, light tar 0.5~0.7 ten thousand ton, about 0.1 ten thousand tons of heavy tail oil, generate about 10,000 tons of water,
About 0.15 ton of sulphur.Wherein, calorific value of gas is 3800~4500kcal/Nm3, active ingredient is about 80%, wherein hydrogen content
30~45vol.%, 25~45vol.% of methane content, carbon monoxide content are about 13%.Being pyrolyzed coal gas composition can be according to user
It needs to be adjusted.
(2) process description:
It will<20mm, which mixes small beans raw material and sent to this external-heat upright furnace furnace roof raw coal after belt feeder conveying, transhipment, to be delayed
Rush storehouse.Processing is dried by dryer section in feed coal, and after realizing dehydration, the useless moisture sloughed is removed through bag filter
Dirt, collects and obtains condensed water, and dedusting obtains fine coal;
Enter retort section after raw material is mixed with the fine coal that dedusting is collected after drying from top to bottom under the effect of gravity,
Coal bunker of the coal charge through gas retort enters in the carbonization chamber of retort section, the high-temperature gas mediate contact with combustion chamber,
Carbonization obtains coal gas, tar and semicoke under 600 DEG C of high-temperature hot-airs;
Gas-guide tube is arranged in carbonization chamber both sides, and the coal gas and tar that destructive distillation generates are horizontally through coal seam, enter side air guide
Guan Zhong is passed through tar collecting unit by gas-guide tube and carries out Oil-gas Separation, and the coal gas after separation collects coal after supercooling, desulfurization
Gas product.The light tar that electrical tar precipitator traps is sent into light tar tank, and tar goes out device.
A part of reuse of coal gas of collection, the quenching of the upright gas retort of external-heat is passed through with the semicoke generated after pyrolysis together
Section realizes heat exchange, and heating gas is exported to be entered by gas retort combustion chamber temperature adjustment fume pipe 11 by quenching section export mouth and be fired after heat exchange
Room is burnt, obtains semicoke product after heat exchange after the screened processing of the semicoke of no longer resume combustion, the coke breeze screened out is recycled as combustion chamber
Fuel recovery utilizes.
Using coke breeze as main fuel in the combustion chamber, combustion air or oxygen rich gas are imported by retort section lower pipeline,
Enter in combustion chamber through cloth air flue, meet and burn with the indoor heating gas that burns, and then the coke breeze that burns, obtains 1000 DEG C
Hot wind;Heat is indirectly transferred in carbonization chamber by the high-temperature gas that burning generates by the interlayer of combustion chamber and carbonization chamber, will be former
Material coal is heated to 600 DEG C, realizes to raw material coal carbonization.
The amount for collecting the quenching section that low temperature coal gas is passed through the upright gas retort of external-heat is 30Nm3/h;The quenching section
High-temperature semi-coke temperature is down to 150 DEG C of discharges and carries out cooling screening acquisition semicoke product after interior heat exchange.
(3) result is applied:
Ton coal gas production is about in 140Nm3/ h (changes) with coal and operating condition, calorific value of gas 4082kcal/Nm3, have
It is about 80% to imitate ingredient, wherein hydrogen content 36vol.%, methane content 32vol.%, and carbon monoxide content is about
13vol.%, carbon dioxide content are about 17vol.%.
Pyrolytic process tar yield is 5.5%, and tar is almost oil waterborne, and density ratio prior art fluid product is low
20kg/m3Or so, dust-laden 1wt.% or less in tar.
Pyrolytic process char yeild is suitable with conventional upright stove, and 1 ton of raw coal produces 0.43 ton of semicoke, and semicoke quality has reached biography
The standard for upright furnace of uniting, oil content is down to 10mg/L hereinafter, cinder content is down to 10mg/L or less in efflux wastewater.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat, which is characterized in that including be arranged from top to down dryer section, retort section and put out
Burnt section, the retort section include combustion chamber and are set to the indoor multiple carbonization chambers of the burning, multiple carbonization chambers it is upper
End is connected to the dryer section, and lower end is connected to the quenching section.
2. the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the carbonization chamber passes through gas-guide tube
It is connected to successively with tar collecting unit and desulfurization unit, the coal gas and tar that destructive distillation generates in the carbonization chamber pass through the tar
Collecting unit carries out Oil-gas Separation, then carries out desulfurization by desulfurization unit, and the desulfurization unit is put out by gaspipe line with described
Burnt section connection, cooled coal gas is provided for the quenching section.
3. the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quenching section passes through gas pipe
Road and the combustion chamber, heating gas is provided for the combustion chamber.
4. the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multiple described in the combustion chamber
Interventricular septum setting is carbonized, the bottom of the combustion chamber is equipped with smoke distribution room, combustion air or oxygen rich gas by smoke distribution room
Into in each combustion chamber.
5. the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top of the combustion chamber is equipped with
With the fume collection pipe of the combustion chamber, the high-temperature gas in the fume collection pipe passes through high-temperature blower (10) and is sent into institute
It states in dryer section.
6. the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the lower part of the dryer section and upper
Portion is respectively equipped with smoke distribution unit and gas collection unit, and the smoke distribution unit is connected to the fume collection pipe, the collection
Gas unit is connected to dust pelletizing system.
7. the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of external-heat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lower section of the quenching section is equipped with
Coke pusher and quenching and defeated coke installation.
8. a kind of device described in claim 1 uses external-heat upright distillation process of the coal gas as quenching mode, feature
It is:Feeding mouth of the coal raw material through the upright destructive distillation furnace apparatus of the external-heat enters, and raw material enters after dryer section is dried
Carbonization chamber carbonization under 500~600 DEG C of high-temperature hot-airs obtains coal gas, tar and semicoke, and gained coal gas and tar enter tar
Collecting unit carries out Oil-gas Separation, and the coal gas after separation collects coal gas product, the part low temperature coal of collection after supercooling, desulfurization
The semicoke generated after gas and pyrolysis is passed through the quenching section of the upright gas retort of external-heat together, realizes heat exchange, heating gas is logical after heat exchange
It crosses the export of quenching section export mouth and combustion chamber is entered by gas retort combustion chamber temperature adjustment fume pipe (11), the no longer semicoke of resume combustion after heat exchange
Semicoke product is obtained after screened processing, the coke breeze recycling screened out is utilized as the fuel recovery of combustion chamber.
9. the external-heat upright distillation process as described in claim 8 using coal gas as quenching mode, it is characterised in that:Institute
State using coke breeze as main fuel in combustion chamber, combustion air or oxygen rich gas are imported by retort section lower pipeline, through cloth air flue into
Enter in combustion chamber, meet and burn with the indoor heating gas that burns, and then the coke breeze that burns, obtains 1000-1100 DEG C of hot wind;
Heat is indirectly transferred in carbonization chamber by the high-temperature gas that burning generates by the interlayer of combustion chamber and carbonization chamber, by feed coal plus
Heat arrives 500-600 DEG C, realizes to raw material coal carbonization.
10. the external-heat upright distillation process as described in claim 8 using coal gas as quenching mode, it is characterised in that:
The amount for collecting the quenching section that low temperature coal gas is passed through the upright gas retort of external-heat is 30-50Nm3/h;
High-temperature semi-coke temperature is down to 150-200 DEG C of discharge and carries out cooling screening acquisition semicoke product after heat exchange in the quenching section.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113280616A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Low-rank pulverized coal drying process and system |
CN113883851A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-01-04 | 内蒙古万众炜业科技环保股份公司 | Drying device for energy-saving production of semi-coke and process thereof |
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CN103820138A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 重庆丹霞节能科技有限公司 | Equipment and method for powdered coal dry distillation and high-temperature coal gas purification |
CN103980912A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-13 | 长安大学 | Destructive distillation method and device for brown coal |
CN105885893A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-24 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Internal and external heating coal dry distillation device and dry distillation method thereof |
CN107189794A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of dry coke quenching coal gas regulation and control method of coal internal heating low-temperature cracking |
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JPH05222383A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-31 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Quenching of coal gas |
CN103820138A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 重庆丹霞节能科技有限公司 | Equipment and method for powdered coal dry distillation and high-temperature coal gas purification |
CN103980912A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-13 | 长安大学 | Destructive distillation method and device for brown coal |
CN105885893A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-24 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Internal and external heating coal dry distillation device and dry distillation method thereof |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113280616A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Low-rank pulverized coal drying process and system |
CN113883851A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-01-04 | 内蒙古万众炜业科技环保股份公司 | Drying device for energy-saving production of semi-coke and process thereof |
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Inventor after: Chen Song Inventor after: Li Xuebing Inventor before: Zhuang Qingfa Inventor before: Chen Song Inventor before: Li Xuebing Inventor before: Li Guangci Inventor before: Wang Zhong |
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Application publication date: 20181012 |