CN108637226A - A kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting - Google Patents
A kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108637226A CN108637226A CN201810315986.XA CN201810315986A CN108637226A CN 108637226 A CN108637226 A CN 108637226A CN 201810315986 A CN201810315986 A CN 201810315986A CN 108637226 A CN108637226 A CN 108637226A
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- abrasive material
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- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005270 abrasive blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001795 light effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ultrasonic wave debarring process, and pending metal casting is fixed on workbench；Abrasive material is poured into incessantly to workbench, and drives pending metal casting to generate vibration with abrasive material using ultrasonic activation head during pouring into abrasive material so that abrasive material occurs to hit to remove the burr on pending metal casting surface with pending metal casting；The present invention improves deburring and goes the efficiency at the mouth of a river, also further improves deburring and goes the quality at the mouth of a river.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of the process for treating surface of metal casting, more particularly, to a kind of hair of metal casting
Pierce mouth of a river minimizing technology.
Background technology
With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, requirement of the people to product quality becomes increasingly harsher, wherein
Be most difficult to solve the problems, such as in the quality problems of product be exactly in fact product Burr Problem, product is in use due to burr
Presence certain influence can be generated to the performance of part, so deburring operation is essential one in manufacture course of products
A important link.
That is applied in burr removal technology is earliest, most universal, and manual deburring is traditional one of burr removing method, but
This method also has certain disadvantages in practical applications, and the labor intensity such as worker is larger, and practical operation comparison of getting up is multiple
It is miscellaneous, thus it is more demanding to the technology of worker, and production efficiency is relatively low, the quality less stable etc. of workpiece after burr removal.
Vibration barreling is also one of the technical approach of existing deburring, and vibration barreling deburring lathe when burr removes is grasped
Make comparisons simple, than wide, the type of abrasive material is more, highly efficient in productivity in the source of abrasive material, after processing the quality of workpiece compared with
It is good, more stable, but this method is relatively difficult to the removal of big burr.
High-pressure water jet deburring, if the pressure sprayed from nozzle is too small, it is likely that the effect that burr can be made to remove
Fruit is bad；But pressure is excessive, although can remove burr, it is likely that certain destruction can be generated to workpiece.The method needs
It is more demanding to the rationally control of hydraulic pressure, it is unstable to be easy to cause deburring effect.
It needs to invent a kind of deburring and the mouth of a river is efficient and deburring and the good abrasive material and process of mouth of a river effect, because
It is necessary to be improved for this.
Invention content
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of burr mouth of a river removal sides of metal casting
Method, by the cooperation of ultrasound and abrasive material, burr and the mouth of a river are improved in the burr on fast automatic removal metal casting surface and the mouth of a river
Removal efficiency removes the mouth of a river and burr totally, improves deburring or goes the highly polished of the metal casting surface at the mouth of a river.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of burr mouth of a river removal of metal casting
Method includes the following steps：
Step 1: clamping, is fixed on workbench by the pending metal casting for being linked with the mouth of a river and metal casting, by super
Sound conducts pressure head and compresses pending metal casting；
Step 2: abrasive material is added, towards continuously pouring into abrasive material above pending metal casting, and abrasive material is poured on pending
On metal casting；Wherein, abrasive material is the mixture mixed by alumina particle, steel ball, ceramic particle and talcum powder；
Step 3: ultrasonic deburring, ultrasonic wave generating apparatus generate first according to preset ultrasonic wave running parameter
Ultrasonic wave conducts the first ultrasound by ultrasonic wave generating apparatus to the ultrasonic variable amplitude bar for being fixed on ultrasonic conducting pressure head top
Wave, the first ultrasonic wave are conducted by ultrasonic conducting pressure head to pending metal casting and abrasive material, and control adding for the first ultrasonic wave
Work power is 2000W-3500W, process time 3-5S, so that abrasive material is generated resonance and has kinetic energy, in the abrasive material for generating resonance
When contacting burr, the kinetic energy of abrasive material conducts to burr and makes burr from fracture of root, hits pending metal casting by abrasive material
The burr on surface and remove flash removed；
Step 4: ultrasound goes to the mouth of a river, after completing ultrasonic deburring, ultrasonic wave generating apparatus is according to preset super
Sound wave running parameter generates the second ultrasonic wave, by ultrasonic wave generating apparatus to the ultrasonic wave for being fixed on ultrasonic conducting pressure head top
Amplitude transformer conducts the second ultrasonic wave, and the second ultrasonic wave is conducted by ultrasonic conducting pressure head to pending metal casting and abrasive material, and
The working power for controlling the second ultrasonic wave is 4000W-4500W, process time 0.5-1.1S, the mouth of a river of metal casting and metal
The junction of casting is set with breaking part, and the second ultrasonic wave is conducted to the mouth of a river and abrasive material, and the mouth of a river and breaking part is made to generate resonance,
The resonance of the ultrasonic resonance combination abrasive material of breaking part is hit, and the mouth of a river is made to be disconnected from breaking part；
Step 5, finished product take out metal casting from workbench, obtain finished product.
In further technical solution, the amplitude of first ultrasonic wave is at 50 μm or more, and the first ultrasonic wave is material grinder
The particle displacement or speed amplification of tool vibration, and ultrasonic energy is concentrated on burr；First ultrasonic wave includes being become by ultrasonic wave
Width bar is converted and is conducted to the pending metal casting and the longitudinal wave and shear wave of the abrasive material；
The amplitude of second ultrasonic wave is at 80 μm or more, particle displacement or speed of second ultrasonic wave abrasive material mechanical oscillation
Degree amplification, and ultrasonic energy is concentrated on the mouth of a river；Second ultrasonic wave includes being converted by ultrasonic variable amplitude bar and being conducted to described
The longitudinal wave and shear wave of pending metal casting and the abrasive material.
It, will by the automatic feed mechanism interval in ultrasonic equipment in the step 1 in further technical solution
Pending metal casting is delivered to workbench；
In the step 2, by abrasive material conveying device conveying grinding material to the feed pipe being set to above workbench, pass through
Feed pipe is towards workbench and is fixed on the pending metal casting of workbench and topples over or abrasive blasting；
The ultrasonic deburring of abrasive material completion and ultrasound fallen on processing metal casting surface by abrasive material goes to the mouth of a river to add
Work；Or a grinding chamber is formed above pending metal casting by baffle or fixture, make to fall into the abrasive material heap in grinding chamber
It fills out above pending metal casting；
Include according to weight abrasive material：38-42 parts of alumina particle, 28.5-31.5 parts of steel ball, ceramic particle 19-
21 parts and 9.5-10.5 parts of talcum powder；
In the step 3, first ultrasonic wave is conducted to the metal casting by the mouth of a river, passes through metal casting
The abrasive material for first ultrasonic wave being conducted to the burr on metal casting surface and being scattered in metal casting surface makes abrasive material generate matter
Point displacement and speed amplification, remove flash removed, on suction tube suction operation platform by the mechanical oscillation of abrasive material and burr
Abrasive material uses abrasive material to recycle；
In the step 4, by the abrasive material on suction tube suction operation platform, abrasive material is used to recycle；
In the step 5, metal casting is taken out from workbench by automatic material taking mechanism automatically.
In further technical solution, the alumina particle includes ball-type alumina particle and piece type alumina particle
One of which or two kinds of mixture, ball-type alumina particle are the spherosomes that surface carries sharp shaped material；Ball-type alumina particle
A diameter of 100-200 microns, the height of sharp shaped material is 1-10 microns；Piece type alumina particle is that corner band is angular more
The grain size of the thin type sheet body of side shape shape, piece type alumina particle is 100-200 microns.
In further technical solution, the steel ball is the spherosome made of the steel of at least two different diameter specifications
It mixes, a diameter of 1-3mm of steel ball；The grain size of the ceramic particle is 80-220 microns；The mesh number of the talcum powder is
500-800 mesh.
In further technical solution, the abrasive material includes 40 parts of alumina particle, 30 parts of steel ball, pottery by weight ratio
10 parts of 20 parts of porcelain particle and talcum powder.
In further technical solution, the steel ball includes the 2mm steel balls of the 3mm steel balls of a diameter of 3mm, a diameter of 2mm
With the 1mm steel balls of a diameter of 1mm, the weight between the steel ball of three kinds of diameter specifications is 3mm steel balls:2mm steel balls:1mm
Steel ball=8-10 parts：20-30 parts：50-60 parts；The selection for the ceramic particle selected is 140-160 microns a diameter of；The cunning
The selection mesh number of mountain flour is 600-700 mesh.
In further technical solution, in the step 3, the power of the first ultrasonic wave is in order to control in 2000W, amplitude
Control is at 50-60 μm, and for frequency in order to control in 20K, the first ultrasonic wave makes particle displacement or the speed amplification of abrasive material mechanical oscillation, and
Ultrasonic energy is concentrated on the burr of metal casting；
In the step 4, by the power of second ultrasonic wave in order to control in 4000W, amplitude in order to control in 80-100 μ
M, control are 20K in frequency, and the second ultrasonic wave makes particle displacement or the speed amplification of abrasive material mechanical oscillation, and by ultrasonic energy collection
In on the mouth of a river of metal casting.
In further technical solution, in the step 1, the positioning of pending metal casting is positioned over location type
On the fixture of chamber, pending metal casting is positioned by fixture, and the metal casting in pending metal casting is embedded at
In the locating mould cavity of fixture, and make the burr machined surface of metal casting towards upper, the mouth of a river is towards upper or under.
In further technical solution, in the step 1, pending metal casting is compressed by ultrasonic conducting pressure head
In locating mould cavity, and ultrasonic conducting pressure head is made to overlay on the mouth of a river of pending metal casting, passes through ultrasonic conducting pressure head
Ultrasonic wave is conducted to the mouth of a river, then is conducted to the metal casting of pending metal casting by the mouth of a river.
The invention has the advantages that compared with the prior art,：
1, the abrasive material in the present invention uses alumina particle, and Membranes On Alumina Particles Surface has sticker shape structure, and oxygen
The hardness for changing alumina particles is higher, and the good feature of wearability improves the efficiency of deburring.
2, Membranes On Alumina Particles Surface has sticker shape structure, to workpiece deburring or is going in the process at the mouth of a river, is easy
Occurs subtle cut in workpiece surface, the surface of ceramic particle is more smooth, round and smooth, alumina particle and pottery in the present invention
The combined use of porcelain particle can make alumina particle deburring or the cut generated during the mouth of a river is gone to be polished, reach throwing
Light effect further increases deburring or goes the surface smoothness of the pending metal casting in the mouth of a river.
3, to raising burr efficiency, abrasive material must be needed to have the speed of bigger, and generated at high speed, material must be required
With high elastic modulus, high speed could be generated under the sound plasticity effect of ultrasound, coordinates steel ball in component of the invention
It uses, has different size of burr for interiors of products difference dimension, devise the ball size of different size, make difference
The burr of size or the mouth of a river can targetedly remove, and reach preferable deburring or go mouth of a river effect.
4 while talcum powder is added in component of the present invention, it is possible to reduce abrasive material and the pending each portion in metal casting inner cavity
The impact of position reduces abrasive material in pending metal casting internal friction, further increases deburring or go the efficiency at the mouth of a river.
5, the mouth of a river in present invention automation removal die casting workpiece, mass remove the various hairs of pending metal casting
Thorn, uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and improves processing efficiency, reduces processing cost.
6, it when the present invention reduces plating flow process and plating chief engineer, improves deburring and goes the efficiency at the mouth of a river, carry simultaneously
High deburring and the quality for going to the mouth of a river.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the spherosome shape and structure schematic diagram that Membranes On Alumina Particles Surface of the present invention carries sharp shaped material.
Fig. 3 is the angular diamond shape flake structure schematic diagram of alumina particle corner of the present invention band.
Fig. 4 is the angular triangular structural schematic diagram of alumina particle corner of the present invention band.
Fig. 5 is burr removal model schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is deburring and goes the manual type at the mouth of a river and the process data of ultrasound plus abrasive material comparison table.
Fig. 7 is the ultrasonic device schematic diagram that ultrasound of the present invention removes the mouth of a river and burr.
Fig. 8 is ultrasonic wave deburring of the present invention and removes mouth of a river process-cycle schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the ultrasonic deburring rate experimental data contrast schematic diagram of abrasive material mix proportion scheme 1-3 of the present invention.
Figure 10 is alumina particle in abrasive material of the present invention, steel ball, ceramic particle and talcum powder mix proportion scheme 1-3.
In figure：1, pending metal casting 11, burr 12, abrasive material 13, active force directional velocity 2, autoloader
Structure 21, abrasive material conveying device 211, feed pipe 22, ultrasonic conducting pressure head 23, workbench 24, Vltrasonic device 32, amplitude transformer
4, alumina particle 41, sharp shaped material
Specific implementation mode
It is only below presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting includes the following steps such as Fig. 1, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8：
Step 1: clamping, is fixed on workbench by the pending metal casting for being linked with the mouth of a river and metal casting.
Specifically, compressing pending metal casting 1 by ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22；Pass through sending automatically in ultrasonic equipment
Pending metal casting 1 is delivered to workbench 23 by 2 interval of material mechanism.The positioning of pending metal casting 1 is positioned over fixed
On the fixture of bit-type chamber, pending metal casting 1 is positioned by fixture, and by the metal casting in pending metal casting 1
It is embedded in the locating mould cavity of fixture, and makes the burr machined surface of metal casting towards upper, the mouth of a river is towards upper or under.
Pending metal casting 1 is pressed in locating mould cavity by ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22, and makes ultrasonic conducting pressure head
22 overlay on the mouth of a river of pending metal casting 1, are conducted ultrasonic wave to the mouth of a river by ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22, then by water
Oral instructions are directed at the metal casting of pending metal casting 1.
Step 2: abrasive material 12 is added, abrasive material 12 continuously is poured into towards 1 top of pending metal casting, and abrasive material 12 is fallen
On pending metal casting 1；By 12 conveying device of abrasive material, 21 conveying grinding material 12 to being set to sending for the top of workbench 23
Expects pipe 211 towards workbench 23 and is fixed on the pending metal casting 1 of workbench 23 and topples over or spray by feed pipe 211
Abrasive material 12, falls that the abrasive material 12 on 1 surface of pending metal casting completes ultrasonic deburring and ultrasound is gone by abrasive material 12
The mouth of a river processes.
Wherein, abrasive material 12 includes 38-42 parts of alumina particle, 28.5-31.5 parts of steel ball, ceramic particle by weight ratio
19-21 parts and 9.5-10.5 parts of talcum powder；
Alumina particle 4 in abrasive material 12 includes the mixing that ball-type alumina particle and piece type alumina particle mix
Object.
Ball-type alumina particle is the spherosome that surface carries sharp shaped material 41；A diameter of 100- of ball-type alumina particle
200 microns, the height of sharp shaped material 41 is 1-10 microns, and sharp shaped material 41 is cone shape, and upper part has a tip, protrudes in ball
The sharp shaped material 41 of type Membranes On Alumina Particles Surface improves burr removal efficiency.
Piece type alumina particle is the thin type sheet body of the angular polygonal shape of corner band, piece type alumina particle
Include triangle, quadrangle or pentagon etc. by the differentiation of its number of edges, can also be with angular irregular shape or special-shaped
Thin type sheet body, the grain size of piece type alumina particle is 100-200 microns.
Steel ball in abrasive material 12 includes circle made of the steel of at least two different diameter specifications and a diameter of 1-3mm
Sphere；Preferably, the steel ball in abrasive material 12 is mixed by the steel ball of three kinds of different-diameters.
In the steel ball of selection, the 2mm of 8-10 parts of 3mm steel balls, a diameter of 2mm by weight ratio including a diameter of 3mm
50-60 parts of the 1mm steel balls of 20-30 parts of steel ball and a diameter of 1mm.
Ceramic particle in abrasive material 12 is 80-220 microns a diameter of；Preferably, a diameter of 140- for the ceramic particle selected
160 microns；
The mesh number of talcum powder in abrasive material 12 is 500-800 mesh, preferably, the mesh number for the talcum powder selected is 600-700
Mesh.
According to burrs of die casting feature, with reference to each abrasives characteristic, using three kinds of schemes as shown in Figure 10 tables：
The first preferred embodiment of abrasive material：
Abrasive material includes by weight ratio：38 parts of alumina particle, 28.5 parts of steel ball, 19 parts of ceramic particle, talcum powder 9.5
Part, wherein steel ball includes the 1mm steel balls of the 3mm steel balls of a diameter of 3mm, the 2mm steel balls of a diameter of 2mm and a diameter of 1mm, and three
The weight part ratio of the steel ball of kind of diameter is：50 parts of 8 parts of 3mm steel balls, 20 parts of 2mm steel balls and 1mm steel balls.
Second of preferred embodiment of abrasive material：
Abrasive material includes by weight ratio：40 parts of alumina particle, 30 parts of steel ball, 20 parts of ceramic particle, 10 parts of talcum powder,
Wherein, steel ball includes the 1mm steel balls of the 3mm steel balls of a diameter of 3mm, the 2mm steel balls of a diameter of 2mm and a diameter of 1mm, and three kinds straight
The weight part ratio of the steel ball of diameter is：60 parts of 10 parts of 3mm steel balls, 30 parts of 2mm steel balls and 1mm steel balls.
The third preferred embodiment of abrasive material：
Abrasive material includes by weight ratio：42 parts of alumina particle, 31.5 parts of steel ball, 21 parts of ceramic particle, talcum powder
10.5 parts, wherein wherein, steel ball includes the 3mm steel balls of a diameter of 3mm, the 2mm steel balls of a diameter of 2mm and a diameter of 1mm
The weight part ratio of 1mm steel balls, the steel ball of three kinds of diameters is：55 parts of 9 parts of 3mm steel balls, 25 parts of 2mm steel balls and 1mm steel balls.
Ultrasonic deburring experiment is carried out to die casting to above-mentioned three kinds of preferred embodiments respectively, counts product burr after deburring
Residual, has obtained different schemes deburring rate, as shown in figure 9, being optimal case with scheme 2.
Known to physical knowledge momentum and energy conservation rule, as shown in figure 5, burr must be generated by external impacts
Torsional moment, torque formula are：M=N × R, M indicate that torque, burr one generate its value and be generally constant, and N expressions act on hair
Power in thorn, R indicate active force to pivot distance, and burr is smaller, and R is smaller, and N needs are bigger, when impact moment burr energetically
When the maximum moment of itself, burr, which is thrust, to be split.It is momentum according to formula P=M × V wherein P, is a weighing apparatus value, M is the matter of abrasive material
Amount, V are the speed that ultrasonication generates on abrasive material, and F is power of the ultrasonication on abrasive material, and t is action time, wherein M=F
× V, P are the power acted on burr, and V is speed, therefore may know that material removing rate is not in process according to above formula
It is only related with abrasive material speed, and with the physical property of abrasive grain itself：Such as diameter, volume ratio is related；Or with burr and abrasive material
Relative velocity between the two is related.From the viewpoint of tribology, the process of skin processing also includes the mistake of friction, abrasion
Journey, magnetic field intensity is bigger, and active force is bigger caused by pending metal casting surface, and abrasive grain is to pending metal casting table
Cutting, rolling, the ability of swiping caused by face are bigger, and processing efficiency is higher；Abrasive grain and pending metal casting it is opposite
Speed is bigger, and generated skin processing energy is bigger in process, and processing efficiency is higher.Ingredient, granularity in abrasive grain
Also the speed of material removal can be influenced, the chemical composition of abrasive grain directly influences the height of its hardness, and hardness is higher, material removal
Faster, processing efficiency is higher；In the case where meeting surface quality requirements, select the abrasive material of coarse size that processing effect can be improved
Rate.
Abrasive material 12 in the present invention uses alumina particle 4, and as shown in Figures 2 to 4, the surface of alumina particle 4 has
41 structure of sticker shape and alumina particle 4 have hardness higher, and the good feature of wearability can improve the efficiency of deburring.Oxygen
The surface for changing alumina particles 4 is to pending metal casting deburring or to go in the process at the mouth of a river with 41 structure of sticker shape,
It is easy subtle cut occur on pending metal casting surface, the surface of ceramic particle is more smooth, round and smooth, in the present invention
Alumina particle 4 is used in combination with ceramic particle, can make 4 deburring of alumina particle or remove the cut generated during the mouth of a river
It is polished, reaches polishing effect, further increase deburring or go the surface smoothness of the pending metal casting in the mouth of a river.To
Burr efficiency is improved, the speed of bigger must be needed, and is generated at high speed, must require material that there is high elastic modulus, ability
High speed is generated under the sound plasticity effect of ultrasound, the use of steel ball is coordinated in component of the invention, not for interiors of products
There is different size of burr with dimension, devise the ball size of different size, makes various sizes of burr that there can be needle
Removal to property reaches preferable deburring or goes mouth of a river effect.A certain amount of talcum powder is added in component of the present invention simultaneously,
The impact of abrasive material and the pending each position in metal casting inner cavity can be reduced, abrasive material is reduced and rubs inside pending metal casting
It wipes, further increases deburring or go the efficiency at the mouth of a river.
In addition to organizing above especially, 2 parts of magnesium oxide particles or calcium oxide particle below can also be added.This abrasive material scheme may be used also
In addition magnesium oxide particle or calcium oxide particle ingredient also can reach the object of the invention and effect, the area of flash removed is made in deburring
Domain becomes smoother.
It is to there are different size of burrs to be directed on pending metal casting to select the steel ball of three kinds of different-diameters
Property processing, volume is bigger, to burr generate impact force it is bigger, for big burr, big steel ball is needed to handle, for small
Burr needs small ball to handle.The 3mm steel balls of a diameter of 3mm are the burr for 3 microns or more, the 2mm steel of a diameter of 2mm
Ball is the burr for 1-3 microns, and the 1mm steel balls of a diameter of 1mm are to be directed to 1 micron of burr below.
Step 3, ultrasonic deburring, ultrasonic wave generating apparatus generate first according to preset ultrasonic wave running parameter
Ultrasonic wave is conducted to the ultrasonic variable amplitude bar 32 for being fixed on 22 top of ultrasonic conducting pressure head by ultrasonic wave generating apparatus and the first is surpassed
Sound wave, the first ultrasonic wave are conducted by ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22 to pending metal casting 1 and abrasive material 12, and control the first ultrasound
The working power of wave is 2000-3500W, process time 3-5S, specifically, the power of the first ultrasonic wave is 2000W, amplitude is
50-60 μm, frequency 20K；First ultrasonic wave includes being converted to longitudinal wave and shear wave by ultrasonic variable amplitude bar, including longitudinal wave and cross
First ultrasonic wave of wave is conducted to pending metal casting and abrasive material, and the burr on processing metal casting surface is made in longitudinal wave and shear wave
There is the second ultrasonic wave for being resonated with lower generation, while being transmitted to abrasive material horizontal and vertical kinetic energy, abrasive material to have multidirectional
There is polytropism therefore can go to remove defeathering soon by the first ultrasonic wave with longitudinal wave and shear wave for the movement of kinetic energy, abrasive material
Thorn, and remove speed faster.
Make abrasive material 12 generate to resonate and there is kinetic energy, when the abrasive material 12 for generating resonance contacts burr 11, abrasive material 12 moves
Can conduct to burr 11 makes burr 11 hit the burr 11 on 1 surface of pending metal casting by abrasive material 12 from fracture of root
And remove flash removed 11；During ultrasonic deburring, by the abrasive material 12 on suction tube suction operation platform, mill is used with recycling
Material 12.
Step 4, ultrasound go to the mouth of a river, and after completing ultrasonic deburring, ultrasonic wave generating apparatus is according to preset super
Sound wave running parameter generates the second ultrasonic wave, by ultrasonic wave generating apparatus to the ultrasound for being fixed on 22 top of ultrasonic conducting pressure head
Wave amplitude transformer 32 conducts the second ultrasonic wave, the second ultrasonic wave conducted to pending metal casting 1 by ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22 and
Abrasive material 12, and the working power for controlling the second ultrasonic wave is 4000-4500W, process time 0.5-1.1S, specifically, second
The power of ultrasonic wave is 4000W, and amplitude is 80-100 μm, frequency 20K.Second ultrasonic wave has the power of bigger, and amplitude
It is adjusted to 80-100 μm, can quickly shake mouth of cutting off the water supply, the second ultrasonic wave includes being converted to longitudinal wave and cross by ultrasonic variable amplitude bar
Wave, longitudinal wave and shear wave conduct that generate the junction at the mouth of a river to the mouth of a river of pending metal casting and abrasive material horizontal and vertical
Resonance, while the second ultrasonic wave for being transmitted to abrasive material has horizontal and vertical kinetic energy, and the junction at the mouth of a river is made to generate resonance simultaneously
In conjunction with the impact of abrasive material, the two collective effect and the mouth of a river is shaken into disconnected removal, pass through the second ultrasonic wave energy with longitudinal wave and shear wave
It enough goes to remove the mouth of a river soon, removal speed is fast, and mouth of a river removal is clean, and the mouth of a river remains in metal casting surface without root.
The mouth of a river of metal casting and the junction of metal casting are set with breaking part, the second ultrasonic wave is conducted to the mouth of a river and
Abrasive material 12 makes the mouth of a river and breaking part generate resonance, and the resonance of ultrasonic resonance the combination abrasive material 12 of breaking part is hit, and makes the mouth of a river from breaking
Place is split to disconnect；During ultrasonic deburring, by the abrasive material 12 on suction tube suction operation platform, abrasive material is used to recycle
12。
Step 5, finished product take out metal casting from workbench automatically by automatic material taking mechanism, metal are taken out from workbench
Casting obtains finished product.
The invention has the advantages that compared with the prior art,：Abrasive material in the present invention, which uses surface, has sticker shape
The alumina particle of structure, and the hardness of alumina particle is higher, and the good feature of wearability improves the efficiency of deburring.
The surface of alumina particle is sticker shape structure, to workpiece deburring or is going in the process at the mouth of a river, is being easy
There is subtle cut in workpiece surface, and the surface of ceramic particle is more smooth, round and smooth, the alumina particle in the present invention and ceramics
The combined use of particle can make alumina particle deburring or the cut generated during the mouth of a river is gone to be polished, reach polishing
Effect further increases deburring or goes the surface smoothness of mouth of a river workpiece.
To improving deburring or going the efficiency at the mouth of a river, abrasive material must need the speed of bigger, and generate at high speed, be sure to
It is required that material has high elastic modulus, high speed could be generated under the sound plasticity effect of ultrasound, matched in component of the invention
The use for closing steel ball, has different size of burr for interiors of products difference dimension, devises the steel ball ruler of different size
It is very little, make various sizes of burr or the mouth of a river that can targetedly remove, reaches preferable deburring or go mouth of a river effect.
Talcum powder is added in component of the present invention simultaneously, it is possible to reduce abrasive material and the pending each position in metal casting inner cavity
Impact, reduce abrasive material in pending metal casting internal friction, further increase deburring or go the efficiency at the mouth of a river.
The present invention is used in combination using abrasive material with ultrasonic equipment, ultrasonic equipment using abrasive material to the collision of burr, draw
Wiping effect makes burr be broken, to achieve the purpose that burr removes.The principle of ultrasonic wave processing deburring is to utilize ultrasonic high frequency
Abrasive material high-frequency vibration between the pending metal casting of energy excitation and jig of vibration so that abrasive material is transported with respect to jig or workpiece
It is dynamic, pending metal casting is collided, impacted and is ground, while making pending metal casting using ultrasonic sound plastic effect
It is vibrated with together with abrasive material, is iteratively operating on burr position, so that burr falls off, while supersonic generator can be with 24 hours
Continuous work substantially increases processing efficiency, reduces cost of labor, further promotes economic benefit.
The present invention is compared by experimental data and is obtained, as shown in fig. 6, in the case of manually going to the mouth of a river, the requirement to cast gate
Being cannot be too thick, if in the case that cast gate is too thick, manually can not directly remove, can only first pass through other processes cast gate is done it is thin
Afterwards, the mouth of a river manually could be further gone to, in the method for the present invention, during ultrasonic wave removes the mouth of a river or burr, to the thickness of cast gate
It is thin to have no too big requirement, in process due to ultrasonic wave, make to generate altogether between jig, pending metal casting and abrasive material
It shakes, and abrasive material is constantly hit by resonating with pending metal casting, makes cast gate thickening that can also equally handle.Artificial unhairing
Pierce and go mouth of a river technique compared with ultrasonic deburring and going mouth of a river technique, ultrasonic deburring and before going mouth of a river technique that can save plating
4 steps below：Degreasing degreasing, pickling, polishing and cleaning keep the manufacturing procedure before plating more simple, save processing
Time, while human cost has been saved, processing efficiency of the debarring process of the present invention in 24 hours is shown by experimental data
Compared with artificial, ultrasonic wave deburring of the present invention goes the efficiency at the mouth of a river to be about as much as artificial 100 times, substantially increases unhairing
Pierce efficiency.It ultrasonic wave deburring of the present invention and goes the technique at the mouth of a river to carry out ultrasonic wave using the abrasive material of above-described embodiment one to four to add
Work, abrasive material of the present invention can make pending metal casting surface smoothness higher and the quality at deburring or the mouth of a river more preferably.
The present invention goes to the mouth of a river, ultrasonic equipment to be equipped with certainly by the ultrasonic deburring of same ultrasonic equipment substep realization with super
Dynamic feed mechanism 2, abrasive material conveying device 21, Vltrasonic device 24 and separator.Deburring is preset by Vltrasonic device 24 first
Or working power and the process time at the mouth of a river are gone, it is 2000W, process time 5S, ultrasound that ultrasonic deburring power, which is respectively set,
It is 4000W, process time 1S to remove mouth of a river power.Pending metal casting is positioned on jig and is fixed, jig is positioned over
On automatic feed mechanism 2, jig is transported by automatic feed mechanism 2 by the workbench 23 under ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22, is triggered
Supersonic switch, ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22 are displaced downwardly to workbench 23, and abrasive material 12 is added incessantly by abrasive material conveying device 21
Enter into workbench 23, while ultrasound starts, is 2000W, process time 5S according to program working power is pre-set, first at
Science and engineering part deburring 11, then ultrasonic device working power is become 4000W, process time 1S automatically, pending metal
Casting goes to the mouth of a river, completion to pre-set program, and ultrasound stops, and trigger switch makes ultrasonic conducting pressure head 22 rise back to start bit
It sets, jig is moved to abrasive material disengaged position by automatic feed mechanism 2, and outlet flow is connected with filter net device and jittering device,
After abrasive material 12 falls into outlet flow by strainer filtering with waste residue from the outlet of abrasive material 12, abrasive material and waste material are promoted by jittering device
Separation, abrasive material 12 enter abrasive material conveying device 21 by resorption pipe material, and waste material falls on useless from the filter net device of outlet flow
Magazine, thus abrasive material can be recycled, next pending metal casting 1 is moved to work with automatic feed mechanism 2
Platform 23 constantly cyclically carries out deburring to pending metal casting 1 according to the process-cycle of setting and the mouth of a river is gone to process.
The above content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention
Thought, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, and the content of the present specification should not be construed as to the present invention
Limitation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Step 1: clamping, is fixed on workbench by the pending metal casting for being linked with the mouth of a river and metal casting, passed by ultrasound
Pilot head compresses pending metal casting；
Step 2: abrasive material is added, abrasive material continuously is poured into towards pending metal casting top, and abrasive material is poured on pending metal
On casting；Wherein, abrasive material is the mixture mixed by alumina particle, steel ball, ceramic particle and talcum powder；
Step 3: ultrasonic deburring, ultrasonic wave generating apparatus generates the first ultrasound according to preset ultrasonic wave running parameter
Wave conducts the first ultrasonic wave by ultrasonic wave generating apparatus to the ultrasonic variable amplitude bar for being fixed on ultrasonic conducting pressure head top, the
One ultrasonic wave is conducted by ultrasonic conducting pressure head to pending metal casting and abrasive material, and controls the working power of the first ultrasonic wave
For 2000W-3500W, process time 3-5S, so that abrasive material is generated resonance and there is kinetic energy, in the abrasive contact hair for generating resonance
When thorn, the kinetic energy of abrasive material conducts to burr and makes burr from fracture of root, hits pending metal casting surface by abrasive material
Burr and remove flash removed；
Step 4: ultrasound goes to the mouth of a river, after completing ultrasonic deburring, ultrasonic wave generating apparatus is according to preset ultrasonic wave
Running parameter generates the second ultrasonic wave, by ultrasonic wave generating apparatus to the ultrasonic variable amplitude for being fixed on ultrasonic conducting pressure head top
Bar conducts the second ultrasonic wave, and the second ultrasonic wave is conducted by ultrasonic conducting pressure head to pending metal casting and abrasive material, and is controlled
The working power of second ultrasonic wave is 4000W-4500W, process time 0.5-1.1S, the mouth of a river of metal casting and metal casting
Junction be set with breaking part, the second ultrasonic wave is conducted to the mouth of a river and abrasive material, the mouth of a river and breaking part is made to generate resonance, fracture
The resonance of the ultrasonic resonance combination abrasive material at place is hit, and the mouth of a river is made to be disconnected from breaking part；
Step 5, finished product take out metal casting from workbench, obtain finished product.
2. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described the first to surpass
The amplitude of sound wave is at 50 μm or more, particle displacement or speed amplification of first ultrasonic wave abrasive material mechanical oscillation, and by ultrasonic energy
Amount concentrates on burr；First ultrasonic wave includes being converted by ultrasonic variable amplitude bar and being conducted to the pending metal casting and institute
State the longitudinal wave and shear wave of abrasive material；
The amplitude of second ultrasonic wave at 80 μm or more, put by particle displacement or speed of second ultrasonic wave abrasive material mechanical oscillation
Greatly, and by ultrasonic energy it concentrates on the mouth of a river；Second ultrasonic wave includes being converted and being conducted to described by ultrasonic variable amplitude bar to wait for
Manage the longitudinal wave and shear wave of metal casting and the abrasive material.
3. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1
In, pending metal casting is delivered to by workbench by the automatic feed mechanism interval in ultrasonic equipment；
In the step 2, by abrasive material conveying device conveying grinding material to the feed pipe being set to above workbench, pass through feeding
Pipe is towards workbench and is fixed on the pending metal casting of workbench and topples over or abrasive blasting；
The ultrasonic deburring of abrasive material completion and ultrasound fallen on processing metal casting surface by abrasive material goes to the mouth of a river to process；Or
Person forms a grinding chamber by baffle or fixture above pending metal casting, makes to fall into the abrasive material landfill in grinding chamber and is waiting for
It handles above metal casting；
Include according to weight abrasive material：38-42 parts of alumina particle, 28.5-31.5 parts of steel ball, 19-21 parts of ceramic particle
And 9.5-10.5 parts of talcum powder；
In the step 3, first ultrasonic wave is conducted to the metal casting by the mouth of a river, by metal casting by
One ultrasonic wave conducts to the burr on metal casting surface and is scattered in the abrasive material on metal casting surface,
So that abrasive material is generated particle displacement and speed amplification, removes flash removed by the mechanical oscillation of abrasive material and burr, pass through suction tube
Abrasive material on suction operation platform uses abrasive material to recycle；
In the step 4, by the abrasive material on suction tube suction operation platform, abrasive material is used to recycle；
In the step 5, metal casting is taken out from workbench by automatic material taking mechanism automatically.
4. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The aluminium oxide
Particle includes the one of which or two kinds of mixture of ball-type alumina particle and piece type alumina particle, ball-type alumina particle
It is the spherosome that surface carries sharp shaped material；The height of a diameter of 100-200 microns of ball-type alumina particle, sharp shaped material is 1-10
Micron；Piece type alumina particle is the thin type sheet body of the angular polygonal shape of corner band, piece type alumina particle
Grain size is 100-200 microns.
5. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The steel ball is
Spherosome mixes made of the steel of at least two different diameter specifications, a diameter of 1-3mm of steel ball；The ceramics
The grain size of grain is 80-220 microns；The mesh number of the talcum powder is 500-800 mesh.
6. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The abrasive material is pressed
Weight includes 10 parts of 40 parts of alumina particle, 30 parts of steel ball, 20 parts of ceramic particle and talcum powder.
7. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The steel ball packet
Include the 1mm steel balls of the 3mm steel balls of a diameter of 3mm, the 2mm steel balls of a diameter of 2mm and a diameter of 1mm, the steel of three kinds of diameter specifications
Weight between ball is 3mm steel balls:2mm steel balls:1mm steel balls=8-10 parts：20-30 parts：50-60 parts；The institute of selection
The selection for stating ceramic particle is 140-160 microns a diameter of；The selection mesh number of the talcum powder is 600-700 mesh.
8. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step 3, the power of the first ultrasonic wave is in order to control in 2000W, and amplitude is in order to control at 50-60 μm, and frequency is in order to control in 20K, and
One ultrasonic wave makes particle displacement or the speed amplification of abrasive material mechanical oscillation, and ultrasonic energy is concentrated on to the burr of metal casting
On；
In the step 4, by the power of second ultrasonic wave in order to control in 4000W, amplitude is in order to control at 80-100 μm, control
System is 20K in frequency, and the second ultrasonic wave makes particle displacement or the speed amplification of abrasive material mechanical oscillation, and ultrasonic energy is concentrated on
On the mouth of a river of metal casting.
9. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1
In, the positioning of pending metal casting is positioned on the fixture with locating mould cavity, pending metal casting is positioned by fixture
Part, and the metal casting in pending metal casting is embedded in the locating mould cavity of fixture, and the burr of metal casting is made to add
Work is facing towards upper, and the mouth of a river is towards upper or under.
10. a kind of burr mouth of a river minimizing technology of metal casting according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The step
In one, pending metal casting is pressed in locating mould cavity by ultrasonic conducting pressure head, and make ultrasonic conducting pressure head overlay in
On the mouth of a river of pending metal casting, ultrasonic wave is conducted to the mouth of a river by ultrasonic conducting pressure head, then is conducted by the mouth of a river to waiting for
Handle the metal casting of metal casting.
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