CN108635496A - 可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108635496A
CN108635496A CN201810960473.4A CN201810960473A CN108635496A CN 108635496 A CN108635496 A CN 108635496A CN 201810960473 A CN201810960473 A CN 201810960473A CN 108635496 A CN108635496 A CN 108635496A
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ecology
disease resistance
microbe feedstuff
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陈华维
沈水宝
陈忠洪
曾宪为
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Guangxi Rongxian County Chi Chang Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Guangxi Rongxian County Chi Chang Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法。所述的微生物饲料添加剂中活性益生菌活性高，并且富含中药成分，中药成分中的活性成分充分发挥其药理作用，从而增强畜禽的抗病能力，进而完全取代抗生素的使用。所述的微生物饲料添加剂，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母1‑40份、炒杏仁60‑100份、板蓝根60‑100份、大蒜20‑60份、茯苓60‑100份、制何首乌60‑100份、甘草1‑40份、大青叶40‑80份、桑叶60‑100份、制半夏1‑40份、柴胡40‑80份、贯众50‑90份、桂皮1‑40份、黄莲30‑70份、马齿笕20‑60份、芒硝10‑50份、陈皮1‑40份、麻黄10‑50份、肉桂皮20‑60份和金银花60‑100份。

Description

可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂及其制备 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法，尤其是可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
近几年来，家猪的传染性疾病集中爆发，养猪业损失惨重。为了增强家猪体质、提高家猪抗病能力、减少大规模传染性疾病的爆发，诸多养猪户纷纷采用了向家猪长期喂食抗生素的喂养方式。抗生素具有杀灭细菌和抑制致病微生物的作用，因此这种喂养方式在实际生产中起到了一定的防病效果。但是，这些抗生素会随着人们食用各种猪肉制品进入人体，这就间接导致了抗生素的滥用，有可能引发多种药源性疾病，甚至会产生新的“超级耐药菌”，因而这种喂养方式严重威胁着人类的生命健康。
为了避免或减少在家猪喂养过程中长期使用抗生素，猪用微生物饲料添加剂应运而生。所谓猪用微生物饲料添加剂是将对猪有益无害的活性益生菌经过特殊工艺制成的活性益生菌制剂。猪用微生物饲料添加剂作为一种功能性猪饲料添加辅料，具有无毒副作用、无耐药性、无病原性的特点，可以提高饲料利用率、提高家猪健康水平、增强家猪的免疫力。目前，在现有的猪用微生物饲料添加剂生产过程中，大多仅使用蛋白质类物质和/或糖类物质作为活性益生菌的培养基，虽然菌株数量上可以满足需求，但大多数菌株的活性不高，因此活性益生菌作为畜禽饲料所应发挥的作用受到很大的限制；同时，活性益生菌仅能在一定程度上增强家猪的体质，无法增强家猪的免疫系统，更不具备疾病治疗作用，因此，现有的家猪微生物饲料添加剂并不能完全取代抗生素的使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，该添加剂中活性益生菌的菌株活性高，并且富含中药成分，中药成分中的活性成分充分发挥其药理作用，从而增强畜禽的抗病能力，进而完全取代抗生素的使用。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案是这样的：一种可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母1-40份、炒杏仁60-100份、板蓝根60-100份、大蒜20-60份、茯苓60-100份、制何首乌60-100份、甘草1-40份、大青叶40-80份、桑叶60-100份、制半夏1-40份、柴胡40-80份、贯众50-90份、桂皮1-40份、黄莲30-70份、马齿笕20-60份、芒硝10-50份、陈皮1-40份、麻黄10-50份、肉桂皮20-60份和金银花60-100份。
优选地，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母10-30份、炒杏仁70-90份、板蓝根70-90份、大蒜30-50份、茯苓70-90份、制何首乌70-90份、甘草10-30份、大青叶50-70份、桑叶70-90份、制半夏10-30份、柴胡50-70份、贯众60-80份、桂皮10-30份、黄莲40-60份、马齿笕30-50份、芒硝20-40份、陈皮10-30份、麻黄20-40份、肉桂皮30-50份和金银花70-90份。
优选地，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母20份、炒杏仁80份、板蓝根80份、大蒜40份、茯苓80份、制何首乌80份、甘草20份、大青叶60份、桑叶80份、制半夏20份、柴胡60份、贯众70份、桂皮20份、黄莲50份、马齿笕40份、芒硝30份、陈皮20份、麻黄30份、肉桂皮40份和金银花80份。
优选地，还包括以下重量份组分：红糖90-110份、大米70-90份、大豆40-60份、全脂奶粉1-5份、畜用多维1-5份、鸡蛋40-60份、盐1-5份、赖氨酸1-10份、维C 0.1-1份和水190-210份。
优选地，还包括以下重量份组分：红糖100份、大米粉80份、东北大豆50份、全脂奶粉3份、畜用多维1份、鸡蛋50份、盐2份、赖氨酸5份、维C 0.5份和水200份。
优选地，所述发酵包括一次发酵和二次发酵，所述一次发酵采用黑曲霉和生香酵母进行发酵，黑曲霉和生香酵母总接种量为所述组分总质量的0.05-0.15％，所述二次发酵是在一次发酵基后接种益生菌进行厌氧发酵，益生菌的接种量为所述组分总质量的0.05-0.15％。
本发明的目的之二是提供上述可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂的制备方法。
所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按上述的比例称取各组分，将其粉碎后混合，得培养基混合物；
步骤2：将所述培养基混合物进行高温蒸汽灭菌，再冷却至30-35℃，接种黑曲霉和生香酵母，静置10min，厌氧发酵24-48h，有氧糖化24-48h，接种益生菌，厌氧发酵10-15h，即得。
优选地，所述步骤2在厌氧发酵后水分含量为15-20％，糖度为5-7°，pH为4-5；所述步骤2中高温蒸汽灭菌的温度为150℃，灭菌的时间为30-50min。
优选地，所述步骤2中益生菌为枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、光合杆菌和假丝酵母中的一种或几种。
本发明的目的之三是提供上述可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂的应用。
所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂应用于畜禽饲料的制备。
所述的微生物饲料添加剂应用于畜禽饲料的制备时，每吨畜禽饲料中添加3公斤微生物饲料添加剂。
本发明与传统方法相比，具有以下优点：
本发明提供的微生物饲料添加剂采用多味中药来培养对生态中大猪的抗病能力有良好促进作用的活性益生菌，从而使中药中的活性成分充分发挥药理作用，并且使所培养出的活性益生菌的活性远高于普通培养基培养出的活性益生菌；由于中药和活性益生菌对免疫系统有协同作用，因此将以中药繁殖出的活性益生菌作为生态中大猪用饲料添加剂，可以大大增强畜禽的抗病能力。通过将现代微生态学原理同中医相结合，用中药组分培养活性益生菌，从而生产出一种完全取代抗生素的无药残、防病促生长、成本低廉的畜禽用饲料添加剂。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式，对本发明的权利要求做进一步的详细说明，但不构成对本发明的任何限制，任何在本发明权利要求保护范围内所做的有限次修改，仍在本发明的权利要求保护范围内。
实施例1
知母1份、炒杏仁100份、板蓝根60份、大蒜60份、茯苓60份、制何首乌100份、甘草1份、大青叶80份、桑叶60份、制半夏40份、柴胡40份、贯众90份、桂皮1份、黄莲70份、马齿笕20份、芒硝50份、陈皮1份、麻黄50份、肉桂皮20份、金银花100份、红糖90份、大米90份、大豆40份、全脂奶粉5份、畜用多维1份、鸡蛋60份、盐1份、赖氨酸10份、维C 0.1份和水190-210份。
实施例2
知母40份、炒杏仁60份、板蓝根100份、大蒜20份、茯苓100份、制何首乌60份、甘草40份、大青叶40份、桑叶100份、制半夏1份、柴胡80份、贯众50份、桂皮40份、黄莲30份、马齿笕60份、芒硝10份、陈皮40份、麻黄10份、肉桂皮60份、金银花60份、红糖110份、大米70份、大豆60份、全脂奶粉1份、畜用多维5份、鸡蛋40份、盐5份、赖氨酸1份、维C 1份和水190份。
实施例3
知母10份、炒杏仁90份、板蓝根70份、大蒜50份、茯苓70份、制何首乌90份、甘草10份、大青叶70份、桑叶70份、制半夏30份、柴胡50份、贯众80份、桂皮10份、黄莲60份、马齿笕30份、芒硝40份、陈皮10份、麻黄40份、肉桂皮30份、金银花90份、红糖90份、大米90份、大豆40份、全脂奶粉5份、畜用多维1份、鸡蛋60份、盐1份、赖氨酸10份、维C 0.1份和水210份。
实施例4
知母30份、炒杏仁70份、板蓝根90份、大蒜30份、茯苓90份、制何首乌70份、甘草30份、大青叶50份、桑叶90份、制半夏10份、柴胡70份、贯众60份、桂皮30份、黄莲40份、马齿笕50份、芒硝20份、陈皮30份、麻黄20份、肉桂皮50份、金银花70份、红糖110份、大米70份、大豆60份、全脂奶粉1份、畜用多维5份、鸡蛋40份、盐5份、赖氨酸1份、维C 1份和水190份。
实施例5
知母20份、炒杏仁80份、板蓝根80份、大蒜40份、茯苓80份、制何首乌80份、甘草20份、大青叶60份、桑叶80份、制半夏20份、柴胡60份、贯众70份、桂皮20份、黄莲50份、马齿笕40份、芒硝30份、陈皮20份、麻黄30份、肉桂皮40份、金银花80份、红糖100份、大米粉80份、东北大豆50份、全脂奶粉3份、畜用多维1份、鸡蛋50份、盐2份、赖氨酸5份、维C 0.5份和水200份。
实施例1-5的微生物饲料添加剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按比例称取各组分，将其粉碎后混合，得培养基混合物；
步骤2：将培养基混合物进行高温蒸汽灭菌，再冷却至30-35℃，接种黑曲霉和生香酵母，静置10min，厌氧发酵24-48h，有氧糖化24-48h，接种益生菌，厌氧发酵10-15h，即得。
其中，步骤2在厌氧发酵后水分含量为15-20％，糖度为5-7°，pH为4-5。
其中，步骤2中高温蒸汽灭菌的温度为150℃，灭菌的时间为30-50min。
其中，步骤2中益生菌为枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、光合杆菌和假丝酵母中的一种或几种。
取实施例1-5的微生物饲料添加剂在奇昌公司属下4个猪场进行试验。各猪场取试验中大猪共200头，分为两组，一组：100头，喂养添加了实施例1-5微生物制剂的饲料。二组：100头，饲喂无添加微生物制剂的饲料。每组四个重复栏，每个重复栏25头。养殖密度约1.1m2/头。
经试验证明，实施例1-5的微生物饲料添加剂可长期添加到中大猪饲料中混合使用。微生物饲料添加剂中含有大量的益生菌，可维持肠道生态平衡，抑制有害菌生长，促进生猪肠道发育，增强消化酶的活性，防治生猪的腹泻，明显改善肠道的微生态平衡，提高了饲料利用率，促进饲料中营养物质的消化吸收，提高抗逆能力和抗应激能力。相比于未添加的常规饲料，增强了中大猪免疫功能，提高了抗病能力，有效防止了中大猪肠道、呼吸道感染，提高饲料转化率，减少氨氮排放，中大猪育成率和中大猪增重量均有明显提高，而且降低了料肉比，节省了饲料，并且实现增收。试验证明，每吨常规猪饲料中添加3公斤本发明所述的微生物饲料添加剂后对促进生态猪中大猪的健康生长效果明显。以实施例5为例，95％以上中大猪没有黄痢、白痢与呼吸道疾病，同时起到保健与治疗作用，很好地解决中大猪呼吸道病等重大问题，提高育成率1.7％，中大猪增重5公斤。
在达到相同效果的前提下，节省了6公斤饲料；每头猪可至少增收123元，同步实现环境友好、产品安全和产出高效的目标。

Claims (10)

1.一种可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，其特征在于，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母1-40份、炒杏仁60-100份、板蓝根60-100份、大蒜20-60份、茯苓60-100份、制何首乌60-100份、甘草1-40份、大青叶40-80份、桑叶60-100份、制半夏1-40份、柴胡40-80份、贯众50-90份、桂皮1-40份、黄莲30-70份、马齿笕20-60份、芒硝10-50份、陈皮1-40份、麻黄10-50份、肉桂皮20-60份和金银花60-100份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，其特征在于，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母10-30份、炒杏仁70-90份、板蓝根70-90份、大蒜30-50份、茯苓70-90份、制何首乌70-90份、甘草10-30份、大青叶50-70份、桑叶70-90份、制半夏10-30份、柴胡50-70份、贯众60-80份、桂皮10-30份、黄莲40-60份、马齿笕30-50份、芒硝20-40份、陈皮10-30份、麻黄20-40份、肉桂皮30-50份和金银花70-90份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，其特征在于，主要由以下重量份组分经发酵后获得：知母20份、炒杏仁80份、板蓝根80份、大蒜40份、茯苓80份、制何首乌80份、甘草20份、大青叶60份、桑叶80份、制半夏20份、柴胡60份、贯众70份、桂皮20份、黄莲50份、马齿笕40份、芒硝30份、陈皮20份、麻黄30份、肉桂皮40份和金银花80份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，其特征在于，还包括以下重量份组分：红糖90-110份、大米70-90份、大豆40-60份、全脂奶粉1-5份、畜用多维1-5份、鸡蛋40-60份、盐1-5份、赖氨酸1-10份、维C 0.1-1份和水190-210份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，其特征在于，还包括以下重量份组分：红糖100份、大米粉80份、东北大豆50份、全脂奶粉3份、畜用多维1份、鸡蛋50份、盐2份、赖氨酸5份、维C 0.5份和水200份。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂，其特征在于，所述发酵包括一次发酵和二次发酵，所述一次发酵采用黑曲霉和生香酵母进行发酵，黑曲霉和生香酵母总接种量为所述组分总质量的0.05-0.15％，所述二次发酵是在一次发酵基后接种益生菌进行厌氧发酵，益生菌的接种量为所述组分总质量的0.05-0.15％。
7.一种如权利要求1-5任一项所述可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按比例称取各组分，将其粉碎后混合，得培养基混合物；
步骤2：将所述培养基混合物进行高温蒸汽灭菌，再冷却至30-35℃，接种黑曲霉和生香酵母，静置10min，厌氧发酵24-48h，有氧糖化24-48h，接种益生菌，厌氧发酵10-15h，即得。
8.根据权利要求7所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2在厌氧发酵后水分含量为15-20％，糖度为5-7°，pH为4-5；所述步骤2中高温蒸汽灭菌的温度为150℃，灭菌的时间为30-50min。
9.根据权利要求7所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2中益生菌为枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、光合杆菌和假丝酵母中的一种或几种。
10.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述的可提高生态中大猪抗病能力的微生物饲料添加剂应用于畜禽饲料的制备。
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Application publication date: 20181012