CN108630085B - A system for simulating house collapse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for simulating house collapse, comprising a house frame mechanism, the house frame mechanism comprising four vertically arranged uprights and four beams connecting the upper ends of the adjacent two uprights, and the house frame mechanism further comprising: The clamping module at the lower end of the column is hinged to the ground through the clamping module, and the tension of the clamping module is controlled to adjust whether the column is in an upright state, and the beam and the column are hinged. The first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are used to simulate all the external forces in the earthquake. Wall mechanism, used to simulate walls. The advantage of the invention is that the house in the earthquake is simulated by building a house frame mechanism, the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are used to simulate the earthquake to realize the swing of the house in various directions, and the state during the earthquake needs to be simulated. When , the clamping module is in a loose state; when it is necessary to simulate the state without earthquake, the clamping module is in a clamping state to ensure that the column is upright.

Description

A system for simulating house collapse

technical field

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to a system for simulating house collapse.

Background technique

Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon. In fact, seismic waves cannot kill people. At best, they can knock down people in open spaces. The direct killers to residents are collapsed houses, landslides, and mudslides in subsequent torrential rains. If the houses that people rely on to shelter from the wind and rain are not earthquake-resistant, they will become people's burial places when the earthquake strikes. Statistics from previous earthquake disasters show that 95% of the deaths in earthquakes are due to the collapse of buildings.

Therefore, in order to let the masses experience the state of the earthquake, or to train rescue teams, a system for simulating the collapse of houses is urgently needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a system for simulating house collapse.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A system for simulating house collapse, comprising,

The house frame mechanism includes four vertically arranged uprights and four beams connecting the upper ends of the adjacent two uprights, the house frame mechanism also includes a clamping module arranged at the lower end of each upright, the lower end of the upright The part is hinged with the ground through the clamping module, and the tension of the clamping module is controlled to adjust whether the column is in an upright state, and the beam and the column are hinged;

The first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are used to simulate all the external forces in the earthquake;

A wall mechanism is used to simulate a wall, and the wall mechanism is arranged between two adjacent columns.

In detail, the first force application mechanism includes a motor, a drum connected with the motor through a coupling, a first rope wound on the drum, and the other end of the first rope pulls the house frame mechanism.

In detail, the first force applying mechanism further includes a first pole, a first pulley is fixed on the first pole, the first rope goes around the first pulley, and the first pulley can be placed on the first pole. A pole moves up and down.

In detail, the second force applying mechanism includes a counterweight, a second pulley, and a second rope. One end of the second rope is connected to the counterweight, and the other end is connected to the house frame mechanism around the second pulley.

In detail, the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are two sets, the four force application mechanisms are respectively connected with the four uprights, and one of the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism The direction of force applied by the house frame mechanism is opposite, and they are respectively arranged at the same horizontal height of the two opposite uprights in the house frame mechanism. , and are respectively set at the same level of the other two columns.

In detail, the included angle between the force applying direction of the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism and the horizontal direction of the wall moving plates in the two directions on the adjacent columns are both 135°.

In detail, the clamping module includes a boss fixed on the ground, the middle of the boss is provided with a hole larger than the diameter of the column in the height direction, the boss is provided with a three-jaw chuck, and the three-jaw chuck is arranged on the boss. The central axis of the chuck coincides with the central axis of the hole.

In detail, the system also includes a fixed plate, a bracket, a rotating shaft joint, and a beam bump that are arranged between the column and the beam in sequence, one side of the fixed plate is fixed on the end face of the column, and the bracket is fixed on the other side of the fixed plate. On one side, the bracket and the rotating shaft section are both U-shaped parts, the beam projection is fixed on the end of the beam, and the U-shaped part of the rotating shaft section is connected with the beam projection through the second pin, so that the beam is wound around the beam. The central axis of the second pin rotates back and forth on a plane perpendicular to the fixing plate and to the ground. The bottom of the U-shaped portion of the rotating shaft section is fixed in the U-shaped section of the bracket through the first The central axis of the pin rotates back and forth on a plane perpendicular to the fixing plate and parallel to the ground.

In detail, the connection between the column and the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism is provided with a groove that coincides with the central axis of the column, a clamping ring is arranged in the groove, and the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism are The second force applying mechanism applies force to the upright column through the clamping ring.

In detail, a wall support plate parallel to the length direction of the column is fixed on the opposite surfaces of the two adjacent columns, and a number of wall moving plates are hinged between the two wall support plates, and the wall support plates are close to The clamping ring is provided with a notch to avoid contact with the clamping ring.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention simulates the house in the earthquake by building the house frame mechanism, and the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism realize the swing of the house in various directions when the earthquake is simulated, and when the state during the earthquake needs to be simulated , the clamping module is in the released state; when it is necessary to simulate the state without earthquake, the clamping module is in the clamping state to ensure that the column is upright.

(2) The present invention uses a three-jaw chuck to adjust whether the column is in an upright state.

(3) The force applying directions of the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism make the house frame mechanism collapse in any direction.

(4) The hinge between the column and the beam and the hinge between the column and the ground facilitate the collapse of the house frame mechanism in any direction.

Description of drawings

1 is an axonometric view of a simulated house collapse system in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial view of the first force applying mechanism in the device;

Figure 3 is a partial view of the second force applying mechanism in the device;

Figure 4 is a partial view of the hinge between the upright column and the beam in the device;

Figure 5 is a partial view of the wall mechanism in the device.

The meanings of the symbols in the figure are as follows:

1-Beam 2-Column 201-Slot 3-Three-jaw chuck 4-Boss

5-First pole 6-First rope 7-Roller 8-Motor 9-Clamping ring

10-Hook 11-Counterweight 12-Fixing plate 13-Bracket 14-First pin

15-Bearing 16-Rotating shaft joint 17-Wall support plate 1701-Notch 18-Wall shift plate

19-Second pin 20-Second pole 21-Second rope 22-First pulley

23-Second pulley 25-Beam bump

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a system for simulating house collapse is characterized by, including,

The house frame mechanism includes four vertical columns 2 and four beams 1 connecting the upper ends of the adjacent two columns 2, and the house frame mechanism also includes a clamping module arranged at the lower end of each column 2, The lower end of the column 2 is hinged to the ground through the clamping module, and the tension of the clamping module is controlled to adjust whether the column 2 is in an upright state, and the beam 1 and the column 2 are hinged;

The first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are used to simulate all external forces in the earthquake, and the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism have opposite forces acting on the house frame mechanism;

The wall mechanism is used to simulate a wall. The opposite surfaces of the two adjacent columns 2 are fixed with a wall support plate 17 parallel to the length direction of the column 2 by welding, and five walls are hinged between the two wall support plates 17 Shift plate 18. The articulation of the wall brace 17 and the wall shifter 18 simulates the walls of a house. The wall shifting plate 18 is concentrated in the middle position of the column 2 to prevent the wall supporting plate 17 from contacting the beam or the clamping module. When the house frame mechanism moves, the wall mechanism can simulate cracks and twists in the wall.

As shown in FIG. 5 , a groove 201 coinciding with the central axis of the column 2 is provided at the connection between the column 2 and the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism, and a clamping ring 9 is arranged in the groove 201 . The first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism apply force to the upright column 2 through the clamping ring 9 . The wall support plate 17 is provided with a notch 1701 near the clamping ring 9 to avoid contact with the clamping ring 9 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the first force applying mechanism is a motor 8 dragging mechanism, including a motor 8 , a first vertical rod 5 , a drum 7 connected to the motor 8 through a coupling, and a first Rope 6, the other end of the first rope 6 pulls the house frame mechanism. A first pulley 22 is fixed on the first vertical rod 5 , the first rope 6 goes around the first pulley 22 , and the first pulley 22 can move up and down on the first vertical rod 5 . The function of the first pulley 22 is to ensure the angle between the first rope 6 between the first pulley 22 and the clamping ring 9 and the ground in order to provide power more smoothly no matter where the motor 8 is placed. In this embodiment, the first pulley 22 and the first rope 6 of the bracket 13 of the clamping ring 9 are parallel to the ground.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the second force applying mechanism is a counterweight mechanism, including a counterweight block 11 , a hook 10 , a second pulley 23 , a second rope 21 , and a second pole 20 . The second rope 21 One end is connected to the counterweight 11 through the hook 10 , and the other end is connected to the house frame mechanism around the second pulley 23 provided on the second vertical pole 20 . The purpose of the second force application mechanism is to provide power to the house frame mechanism.

The first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism are two sets. The direction of force is opposite, and they are respectively arranged at the same horizontal height of the two opposite uprights 2 in the house frame mechanism, and the other first force force mechanism and the other second force force mechanism exert force on the house frame mechanism in opposite directions, and They are respectively arranged at the same level of the other two uprights 2 . In this embodiment, the force application levels of the four force application mechanisms are all the same.

The included angles between the force applying directions of the first force applying mechanism and the second force applying mechanism and the horizontal direction of the wall moving plates 18 in both directions on the adjacent uprights 2 are both 135°. This allows the house frame mechanism to be powered in various directions.

The clamping module includes a boss 4 fixed on the ground by screw connection, the middle of the boss 4 is provided with a hole larger than the diameter of the column 2 in the height direction, the boss 4 is provided with a three-jaw chuck 3, The central axis of the three-jaw chuck 3 coincides with the central axis of the hole. After the clamping module is released, under the action of the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism, the house frame mechanism can move in a predetermined direction to achieve the purpose of simulating the shaking of the house during an earthquake. The three-jaw chuck 3 is driven by electricity.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the system further includes a fixing plate 12 , a bracket 13 , a rotating shaft section 16 , and a beam projection 25 arranged between the column 2 and the beam 1 in sequence, and one side of the fixing plate 12 is fixed on the column 2 On the end face, the bracket 13 is fixed on the other side of the fixing plate 12, the bracket 13 and the rotating shaft section 16 are both U-shaped parts, and the beam projection 25 is fixed on the end of the beam 1, and the rotating shaft section 16 The U-shaped part is connected with the beam bump 25 through the second pin 19, so that the beam 1 rotates back and forth around the central axis of the second pin 19 on a plane perpendicular to the fixed plate 12 and perpendicular to the ground. The bottom of the part is fixed in the U-shaped part of the bracket 13 by the first pin 14, so that the rotating shaft section 16 rotates back and forth around the central axis of the first pin 14 on a plane perpendicular to the fixing plate 12 and parallel to the ground. The self-lubricating bearing 15 is installed in the circular hole through which the second pin 19 passes, thereby reducing the friction between the rotating shaft joint 16 and the beam projection 25 . The bracket 13 and the rotating shaft section 16, the rotating shaft section 16 and the beam 1 are all connected with pins, the length of the pins is 2mm more than the total length of the round holes, and both ends of the first pin 14 and the second pin 19 have steps, and are processed. Thread, fixed with nuts on both sides.

Figure 4 shows the hinged structure between the column 2 and the beam 1. The same hinged structure is also selected between the column 2 and the ground. The two hinged structures are used together so that the house frame structure can collapse in any direction.

In this embodiment, a universal joint can also be used for the hinge structure, or a spherical joint can be used between the column 2 and the beam 1 and between the column 2 and the ground.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (7)

1. A system for simulating house collapse is characterized by comprising a house frame mechanism, a first force application mechanism, a second force application mechanism and a wall mechanism;

the house frame mechanism comprises four vertically arranged stand columns (2) and four cross beams (1) for connecting the upper end parts of two adjacent stand columns (2), so that the house frame mechanism is in a square layout in the overlooking direction, the house frame mechanism further comprises clamping modules arranged at the lower end parts of the stand columns (2), the lower end parts of the stand columns (2) penetrate through the clamping modules to be hinged with the ground, the tightness of the clamping modules is controlled to adjust whether the stand columns (2) are in an upright state, and the cross beams (1) are hinged with the stand columns (2); wherein two upright posts (2) which are mutually connected and can form a square edge of the square layout are defined as adjacent;

the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are used for simulating all external forces in an earthquake;

the wall mechanism is used for simulating a wall and is arranged between two adjacent upright posts (2);

the first force application mechanism comprises a motor (8), a roller (7) connected with the motor (8) through a coupler, a first rope (6) wound on the roller (7), and a house frame mechanism pulled by the other end of the first rope (6);

the second force application mechanism comprises a balancing weight (11), a lifting hook (10), a second pulley (23), a second rope (21) and a second upright rod (20), one end of the second rope (21) is connected with the balancing weight (11) through the lifting hook (10), and the other end of the second rope is connected to the house frame mechanism by bypassing the second pulley (23) arranged on the second upright rod (20);

the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism are both provided with two sets, the four force application mechanisms are respectively connected with the four upright posts (2), one of the first force application mechanisms and one of the second force application mechanisms are arranged diagonally and opposite to each other in force application direction to the house frame mechanism, and the other one of the first force application mechanisms and the other one of the second force application mechanisms are arranged diagonally and opposite to each other in force application direction to the house frame mechanism;

the first force application mechanism further comprises a first vertical rod (5), a first pulley (22) is fixed on the first vertical rod (5), the first rope (6) winds around the first pulley (22), and the first pulley (22) can move up and down on the first vertical rod (5).

2. A house collapse simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the first and second forcing mechanisms at diagonally opposite corners are respectively disposed at the same level of the two corresponding columns (2).

3. A house collapse simulation system according to claim 2, wherein a wall moving plate (18) is connected between two adjacent columns (2); the included angles between the force application directions of the first force application mechanism and the second force application mechanism and the wall moving plate (18) are 135 degrees.

4. A house collapse simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the clamping module comprises a boss (4) fixed on the ground, a hole larger than the diameter of the upright post (2) is formed in the middle of the boss (4) in the height direction, a three-jaw chuck (3) is arranged on the boss (4), and the central axis of the three-jaw chuck (3) is overlapped with that of the hole.

5. The system for simulating house collapse according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing plate (12), a bracket (13), a rotating shaft joint (16), and a beam bump (25) sequentially arranged between the upright column (2) and the beam (1), wherein one side surface of the fixing plate (12) is fixed on the end surface of the upright column (2), the bracket (13) is fixed on the other side surface of the fixing plate (12), the bracket (13) and the rotating shaft joint (16) are both U-shaped portions, the beam bump (25) is fixed at the end of the beam (1), the U-shaped portion of the rotating shaft joint (16) is connected with the beam bump (25) through a second pin (19), so that the beam (1) rotates around the central axis of the second pin (19) on the plane perpendicular to the fixing plate (12) and the ground, the bottom of the U-shaped portion of the rotating shaft joint (16) is fixed in the U-shaped portion of the bracket (13) through a first pin (14), the rotating shaft joint (16) is rotated back and forth around the central axis of the first pin (14) in a plane perpendicular to the fixed plate (12) and parallel to the ground.

6. A house collapse simulation system according to claim 1, wherein a groove (201) coinciding with the central axis of the upright (2) is arranged at the joint of the upright (2) and the first and second forcing mechanisms, a clamping ring (9) is arranged in the groove (201), and the first and second forcing mechanisms force the upright (2) through the clamping ring (9).

7. A house collapse simulation system according to claim 6, wherein wall support plates (17) parallel to the length direction of the uprights (2) are fixed on the uprights (2), and a plurality of wall moving plates (18) between two adjacent uprights (2) are connected between the adjacent uprights (2) through hinging with the wall support plates (17); the wall plate (17) is provided with a notch (1701) at the clamping ring (9) that avoids contact with the clamping ring (9).

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