CN108627046A - It is a kind of using liquid propellant without shell case automatic weapon implementation method - Google Patents
It is a kind of using liquid propellant without shell case automatic weapon implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108627046A CN108627046A CN201710155545.3A CN201710155545A CN108627046A CN 108627046 A CN108627046 A CN 108627046A CN 201710155545 A CN201710155545 A CN 201710155545A CN 108627046 A CN108627046 A CN 108627046A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001149930 Protura <class> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 231100001160 nonlethal Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910000755 6061-T6 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFPZPJSADLPSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen tetraoxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)[N+]([O-])=O WFPZPJSADLPSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001529251 Gallinago gallinago Species 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004855 decalinyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
- F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
- F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
- F41A19/64—Electric firing mechanisms for automatic or burst-firing mode
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
Abstract
It is a kind of using liquid propellant without shell case automatic weapon implementation method.Such weapon is driven with stepper motor realizes that bullet filling and combustion chamber are latched, and realizes that combustion chamber is airtight using bullet and fixed plunger；Using separate type binary liquid gunpowder（Oxidant and incendiary agent）For propellant powder, constant propellant powder is maintained to spray pressure by constant voltage regulator, by electronics fire control unit（EFCU）It controls the opening time of solenoid valve and accurately controls mixing medicine emitted dose, gunpowder injection is completed by the spray orifice on plunger, the transmitting for the propellant powder completion bullet that ignited by ignition.The using of EFCU makes such weapon easily while can realize the function of single-shot, multiple, running fire and blank cartridge and rifle grenade transmitting；Adjustable transmitting power is to reach optimal fragmentation effect；Can the amendment of inner trajectory actively be carried out and ensure the stabilization of outer trajectory；The fire accuracy for device of using force better than bolt can be reached under single shot mode, it also can running fire implementation firepower compacting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to weapon, gunpowder, electromechanics and the relevant technologies of embedded device hardware and software development, more particularly to weapon
It automatically controls, the use of liquid gun propellant and the realization the relevant technologies without shell case weapon.
Background technology
Bullet used in current firearms and small caliber piece is all the form using bullet and shell case integral packaging, wherein
The effect of shell case is indispensable.Shell case plays that encapsulation propellant powder powder, package bullet, the fixed fire in a stove before fuel is added, cartridge chamber is airtight and takes away
Partial heat plays a part of cooling.But shell case also brings prodigious puzzlement, such as：Copper shell case causes great money
Source wastes；Shell case weight accounts for the ratio more than bullet half, and the ammunition for limiting soldier carries quantity；It ejection and can control
The demand of switching makes firearms structure more complicated.
For 5.56 × 45 millimeters of calibre ammunitions of NATO, single weight of such bullet is hit by a bullet about at 11.8 grams or so
About 4.02 grams of nose heave amount（62 grains）, about 6.16 grams of shell case weight（95.1 grains）, and the weight of gunpowder is substantially at 1.6 grams
（24.5 grains）Left and right.It can be seen that the weight of bullet, which has 52.2%, to be occupied by shell case.Bullet when being turned out for work with soldier's fight
For 10 kilograms of medicine maximum heavy burden, it is contemplated that magazine weight, a soldier can about carry the bullet of 5.56 millimeters of 660 hair,
These bullet total weights about at 7.8 kilograms or so, and wherein have 4.06 kilograms be shell case weight.
Due to the presence of shell case, related weapon must all realize that ejection acts.For most firearms, used when design mostly
The shell case of right side ejection, high temperature not only interferes comrade-in-arms at one's side, and the shooter that left hand is got used to also for some can
The puzzlement of bigger can be caused, this puzzlement can then show more prominent in without support firearms, and many firearms have to additionally set
Ejection can be carried out the mechanism of left and right switching by counting out.Other than the puzzlement that high temperature copper shell is brought, since shell throwing-out window is from shooter
Distance is close, and the smog of gunpowder and residual combustion gas can also bring some interference to shooter.
Firearms invention based on solid gunpowder centuries so far, the firearms equipped on a large scale at present be still based on machinery,
Gunpowder mode.In order to meet semi-automatic or full automatic fire needs, modern firearms mostly using the energy of powder gas come
It realizes ejection and loads, be difficult the cycle for accurately utilizing the energy of powder gas to complete next time in the design, in order to meet
The requirement of reliability, can only excessive use combustion gas energy complete ejection with very fierce mode, be multiple into action of loading.So both
The utilization ratio of gunpowder is reduced, and affects the precision of shooting.It is difficult full on a rifle due to the limitation of mechanical realization
Foot can the demand that can snipe in high precision again of full automatic fire, cause current sniper rifle to be had to meet the requirement of precision
Structure is moved using bolt or uses semi-automatic structure reluctantly.
Nowadays liquid gun propellant has been widely used in mine, the operation of ocean engineering, military engineering explosion and special
The field of engineering explosion.The advantage that liquid gun propellant has high fluidity, quick-fried heat is high, volume energy is good and safe.Wherein double base
Nonflammable liquid gun propellant is very suitable for the safety requirements of firearms, flammable by that could be formed after pressure injection injection combustion chamber mixing
Quick-fried composite explosives.Oxidant can select nitric acid, dinitrogen tetroxide, hydrogen peroxide and pernitric acid in binary liquid gunpowder
Amine（）Etc., fuel can be decahydronaphthalenes, kerosene（JP4）And isooctane and isopropanol（ZPA）Etc..Liquid fires
Sticky small, the easy atomization of material, atomization diameter are small, are especially advantageous for mixing, burning and evaporate.In addition, liquid fuel volume becomes with temperature
Change small, flow can accurately control, and readily satisfy the requirement of inner trajectory stability.
Liquid gun propellant has good mobility, therefore liquid gun propellant can be injected into combustion chamber by pressure and complete gunpowder
Filling.For armored vehicle or other machinery carrier, due to thering is sufficient power, liquid gun propellant to may be used often
Press fitting carries, then is transported to pressure regulator by high-pressure pump.Since fuel and oxidant detach, can also improve as best one can in this way
The safety of gunpowder storage, can greatly avoid ammunition induced detonation from occurring.In addition, liquid itself has higher specific heat and good
Good heat conductivity, can play good cooling-down effect to combustion chamber, can effectively prevent combustion chamber and casing part
Overheat.
Electronics fire control unit（EFCU）Function and the engine control unit that uses of automobile（ECU）Operation principle ten tap
Closely, and firearms can not show a candle to engine to EFCU has high rate request like that ECU.With reference to the property of current mainstream individual forearms
Can, firearms reach or so 400~900 hairs/minute in fully-automatic fire force mode firing rate can meet the needs of battlefield；In more running fires fire
Under force mode, fight firing rate reaches or so 80~120 hairs/minute can meet demand.Pass through microcontroller, memory, power supply mould
Block, D/A converter module can very easily realize the electronics fire control unit for being satisfied with weapon system needs（EFCU）.In conjunction with
Switching device, sensor, solenoid valve, indicator light and stepper motor can be very good to realize based on liquid gun propellant without shell case force
Device.
Based on current firearms and ammunition limitation, thought without shell case weapon using liquid gun propellant the present invention provides a kind of
Road so that the ammunition carrying amount of combatant can be greatly improved under same loading conditions, at the same time can also expire
The sufficient double requirements to weapon system precision and firepower, this kind of weapon system can greatly save the precious metal this kind of to copper material
Consumption so that shooting cost substantially reduce.
Invention content
In view of this, using liquid gun propellant the present invention provides a kind of, automatic cycle is carried out in the way of electronic and completes bullet
Head loads locking, lights gunpowder using electronic ignition and completes to emit, the system that can substitute tradition machinery gunpowder formula weapon.
In order to solve foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides following technical schemes：
A method of realizing that gunlock is automatic reciprocating and locking, this method include in the way of electronic：
Energy is supplied with battery, is driven by stepper motor and realizes the automatic reciprocating completion bullet loading of gunlock, gunlock block action；
Timing construction, component module between stepper motor drive shaft and movable members and tool-free assembling.
A kind of to carry out the straight reciprocating motion realization self-loading method of bullet using combustion chamber, this method includes：
Using combustion chamber as moving component, rotation lock directly drives combustion chamber and does linear reciprocation along cartridge chamber axis inside receiver
Movement；
The loading of bullet is realized using the straight reciprocating motion of combustion chamber；
Determine the space geometry relationship between magazine, bullet and combustion chamber, determine combustion chamber, cartridge chamber binding site cone-shaped
Shape so that bullet can be advanced into cartridge chamber under the extruding of combustion chamber conehead and complete to load certainly.
A method of realizing that cartridge chamber and combustion chamber hermetic latch, this method include：
It is bonded using convex-concave circular conical surface nesting between combustion chamber and cartridge chamber faying face, when combustion chamber moves forward to halt before it
End and cartridge chamber are bonded to form air tight condition, and chamber front end is manufactured using the higher material of elastoplasticity, is sent out at elevated pressures
Raw flexible deformation can make it be preferably bonded the cartridge chamber conical surface, and wherein chamber front end uses the dome conical surface, cartridge chamber to use recessed circle
The conical surface；
Combustion chamber is locked by using the mode of rotation lock, so that combustion chamber no longer can be axially moved forward and backward after locking
To realize locking.
A method of it stretching into combustion chamber using bullet taper end part and realizes that chamber front end is airtight, this method packet
It includes：
While in combustion chamber, bullet is pressed into cartridge chamber by tapered end, bullet tail end can partly be extend into the gas outlet of combustion chamber
It is that subsequent gunpowder sprays to form certain air tight condition that portion, which blocks combustion chamber gas outlet, and inflammable medicine is injected into cartridge chamber.
A method of realizing that combustion chamber tail end is airtight by fixed plunger, this method includes：
The airtight of combustion chamber rear end is realized using cylindrical plunger, plunger is threadedly secured on casing, combustion chamber tail end set
It can axially be slided as cylinder outside plunger, be gap-matched to each other and maintain certain air tight condition；
Plunger needs the pressure that can bear to generate after gunpowder explosion.
A method of gunpowder injection is completed by fixed plunger and igniting, this method include：
Axially there is deep hole processing along plunger, which is used to installation igniter and as fuel injection hole.
Method a kind of to flow the characteristic easily leaked for liquid gun propellant, that injection and igniting are linked, this method packet
It includes：
Gunpowder injection and igniting linkage are realized by EFCU, and after following fuel and oxidant injection closely, igniter is lighted a fire
It fires gunpowder and completes transmitting；
Linkage is taken into control within mankind's reaction speed, avoids the occurrence of shooting delay.
A kind of design method for realizing single-shot precision fire, this method include：
Under single shot mode, every time shooting after EFCU can be default carry out suitable time-delay, it is ensured that bullet has been launched, and then controls again
Gunlock processed completes bullet and loads and be latched, and then enters back into the state for waiting for trigger triggering command next time.When trigger again
Triggering, EFCU will provide fuel and oxidant sprays and the linkage signal of igniting, influence of the linkage to fire accuracy will be less than
The influence of traditional firing pin percussion primer.
A kind of design method realized high speed and shoot demand, this method include：
Under more running fires and automatic fire power pattern, gunlock can be carried out continuously reciprocation cycle and complete the block action that loads, period EFCU
It is carried out with reference to the instruction for providing gunpowder injection and igniting according to stepper motor pulse signal；
Be carried out continuously at a high speed load, be latched each time, gunpowder injection and during ignition cycle, it is ensured that there are one combustion chambers
Time slice is in static blocking, while gunpowder injection and igniting transmitting are completed within the period；
Under more running fires and automatic fire power pattern, in addition to combustion chamber has of short duration stationary state, stepper motor and other moving components
Remain continuous cycle operation state.
A method of using chip microcontroller fire control unit, this method includes：
Intelligent control fire control unit（EFCU）System structure；The main program flow of EFCU.
A method of realizing that trigger function, this method include by EFCU using electronic switch：
EFCU handles the program circuit of trigger signal.
A method of realizing that insurance and firepower pattern switching, this method include by EFCU using electronic switch：
EFCU processing insurance open and close, firepower pattern switching program circuit.
It is a kind of to realize that the transmitting optional method of power, this method include by EFCU using electronic switch：
The program circuit of EFCU processing transmitting power selections.
A method of realizing that rifle grenade transmitting and blank cartridge emit by EFCU using electronic switch, this method includes：
The program circuit of EFCU processing transmitting blank cartridge or rifle grenade.
A method of adjustment inner trajectory adapts to environment firing data variation automatically, and this method includes：
The program circuit of EFCU adjust automatically inner trajectories.
The weapon system is different from the automated manner of traditional mechanical gunpowder it can be seen from above technical solution, and
Be the technology for using electromechanical and automation and being combined, can so that firearm construction is simpler light, also it is more reliable it is more economical with
And more meet actual demand.
Description of the drawings
The main component of machine schematic diagrames of Fig. 1；
Fig. 2 main motion parts schematic diagrames；
Fig. 3 bullets load process signal group picture；
Fig. 4 cartridge chambers, bullet load and combustion chamber relationships schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 rotation locks and casing relationship are intended to；
Fig. 6 drum cam contour line schematic diagrames；
Fig. 7 cams and camshaft timing scheme schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 plunger organigrams；
Fig. 9 solenoid valve gate seat schematic diagrames；
Figure 10 magazines and armful bullet mouth schematic diagram；
Figure 11 magazines are laid out and load schematic diagram；
Figure 12 EFCU module diagrams；
Figure 13 EFCU software starting procedure schematic diagrames；
Figure 14 EFCU operational process schematic diagrames；
Figure 15 EFCU shutdown process schematic diagrames；
Figure 16 gun integral layout schematic diagrames；
Figure 17 weapon system schematic diagrames.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific implementation case
The present invention will be described in detail.
The main implementation process of method provided by the present invention includes：
It is reference with the relevant parameter of 5.56 millimeters of calibre ammunitions of NATO, this implementation process gives using 508 millimeters of length（20
Inch）The design special cases of weight gun barrel, 5.56 millimeters of bore without support assault rifle, the assault rifle can be sniped precisely and entirely
Automatic fire meets the needs of most of field operation and street fighting, using bullpup also by suitable mechanized infantry in narrow vehicle
Middle use.
The major mechanical parts of whole rifle are as shown in Figure 1, include mainly following parts：(1) gun barrel, (2) casing casing, (3)
Combustion chamber, (4) rotation lock, (5) guide pin, (6) baffle ring, (7) plunger, (8) valve seat, (9) sliding block, (10) rail brackets, (11) drum cam,
(12) camshaft, (13) positioning pin.Here there is EFCU, stepper motor, solenoid valve, pressure regulator, all kinds of switches, sensor, refer to
Show that lamp and battery do not provide diagram together.
In the major mechanical parts provided in front, gun barrel, combustion chamber, rotation lock, guide pin, baffle ring, plunger and
Positioning pin uses steel material, other components all can be processed manufacture, Fig. 1 institutes using 6061-T6 aluminum alloy materials
Show whole part total weights at 2.66 kilograms.
The implementation case uses battery-powered, is rotated using stepper motor driven cylinder cam, drum cam band movable slider
Push rod makes sliding block do straight reciprocating motion along rail brackets, and sliding block remakes drives rotation lock along casing casing for guide pin
L-shaped guide groove carries out straight line and rotary motion, the final cyclic process for realizing bullet and loading, being latched.Casing casing in present case
With rail brackets independently machine-shaping, for casing casing there are the locating slot assembled for rail brackets, rail brackets can be with
It is assembled together with casing casing by way of welding or riveting and constitutes casing.Moving component correlativity is shown in Fig. 2 group pictures institute
Show.
Threaded connection may be used between gun barrel and casing casing, can also be by the way of other quick grafting, and lead to
Crossing positioning pin ensures to be installed in place.Gun barrel root and cartridge chamber function, conical bottom radius are needed only slight beyond going out bullet mouth bullet
Central axes extended line ensures that point enters the designation range of the cartridge chamber conical surface in the case where combustion chamber pushes, and bullet loads process such as
Shown in Fig. 3 group pictures.
Combustion chamber needs lightweight as far as possible to reduce inertia in the case where ensuring intensity, is beneficial to carry antiaircraft ordnance
Firing rate.Combustion chamber operational volume is determined that volume size needs to consider various factors by bullet and plunger position,
Final or needs are determined by testing.The combustion chamber of high intensity allows weapon more fast using earthquake intensity higher, burning
The gunpowder of speed.Combustion chamber gas outlet radius needs slightly larger than bullet tail radius, but is necessarily less than bullet maximum radius.
Cartridge chamber, combustion chamber and bullet relationship are as shown in Figure 4.
In the implementation case, combustion chamber uses steel copper composite manufacturing, wherein combustion chamber main body to use steel, combustion chamber inner cone
End uses copper material.Under strong blast pressure, copper material can show good ductility and elastoplasticity, tapered end meeting before combustion chamber
There is slight deformation and be preferably bonded the cartridge chamber conical surface, to realize good air-tightness, tapered end is in gunpowder before can also avoiding
It fires and cracks under pressure.
In the implementation case, rotation lock and casing casing are each provided with 6 and dash forward by the tooth that even circumferential is distributed, and locking angle is
30 degree, after rotation lock rotates 30 degree along casing casing L-shaped guide groove, tooth is prominent will be raw heavy with the tooth burst on casing casing
It is folded to be latched to complete combustion chamber.It is mutual between lozenges with the rotation of rotation lock using wedge shape between the prominent faying face of tooth
Effect can push combustion chamber to approach cartridge chamber forward as much as possible, to ensure air-tightness, be also prevented from the front end of combustion chamber weakness
It is burst due to a lack of cartridge chamber supports, at the same time can be reduced the requirement to mechanical processing and assembly precision.Rotation lock and machine
Casket casing relationship is as shown in Figure 5.
Screw slotting in present case on sliding block and drum cam all uses 45 degree of helical angles, guide pin and slider cam bar
Respectively relative motion is carried out in this two groups of flutings.By taking sliding block as an example, 45 degree of helical angle can ensure the distance of sliding block movement
The arc length rotated around casing casing L-shaped guide groove equal to guide pin.Drum cam is directly driven by stepper motor, and drum cam exists
It can interact with slider cam push rod when rotation and sliding block is made to do straight reciprocating motion along guide rail.Here cam profile is such as
Shown in Fig. 5.
Contour line is around cam one week as seen from Figure 6, and cam profile from A-B sections is one section perpendicular to camshaft
Horizontal camber line, slider cam push rod from A points to B points, cam rotation about 90 degree of angle, slider cam push rod will be in therebetween
Relative static conditions, while combustion chamber is also at blocking.Under high speed running fire firepower pattern, cam will be continual continuous
Rotation, whenever slider cam push rod experience from A points again in the period of B points, EFCU is judged by stepper motor angular displacement
Cam position, and gunpowder injection and igniting transmitting are completed within this time.
The height H of cam profile curvecThe distance L of the gun barrel conical surface is stretched by combustion chamber tapered endo, magazine embrace bullet mouth diameter
Dm（Or width）And 30 degree of the arc length L that guide pin is turned over along casing casing when the locking of combustion chamberaIt determines, i.e. Hc=Lo+Dm+
La, (note, the helical angle for limiting slipper screw fluting here is 45 degree).
1/4 circumference is occupied in view of cam profile flat segments A-B, the helical angle of screw slotting is 45 degree, then cylindricality
The diameter D of camcIt needs to meet：Dc=8Hc /3π
The stroke L of combustion chambercRelationship be：Lc= Lo+Dm
EFCU needs to judge by the angle of displacement of stepper motor the opportunity of gunpowder injection and igniting, the angle of drum cam rotation and
Direction can uniquely determine position and the direction of motion of sliding block, and the position and direction of sliding block can uniquely determine rotation lock and
The position of combustion chamber and the direction of motion.As long as therefore determining the timing assembly between stepper motor and drum cam, so that it may
To solve the timing events of whole system.As shown in Figure 7, the design case is separately connected stepping using the camshaft of semi-circular section
Motor and drum cam can prevent the timing problem brought by assembly completely in this way.
Plunger is the component of a comparison core in the present system, and the high temperature and pressure in addition to bearing explosion generation plays airtight
Effect other than, itself also need to accommodate igniter and the spray orifice as fuel.Its schematic diagram is referring to Fig. 8, plunger igniting
Construction and technique of the construction of device part with reference to automobile spark plug, it is contemplated that the maximum bore pressure that Small-Caliber Ammunition generates can reach
430MPa, plunger need to be manufactured using high-strength steel and high-strength insulating ceramics.
Valve seat can be used 6061-T6 hard aluminium alloys and manufacture, the pressure that valve seat is passed in addition to bearing plunger, together
When also play a part of connecting solenoid valve and plunger, as shown in figure 9, valve seat tail end provides 2 cylindrical solenoid valve sockets, just
In the grafting of solenoid valve.
The incendiary agent and oxidant of liquid gun propellant may be used pressure vessel and carry out pressurization insulation package, then by quick
Grafting connector and firearms are attached, and liquid propellant and liquid oxidizer will enter respectively right each by independent pipeline
In the pressure regulator answered, forms constant pressure finally by pressure regulator and enter back into 2 solenoid valves.
In the present embodiment, liquid propellant is just mixed until into combustion chamber, ensures that such weapon
Safety.
Consider existing technical conditions, the supply for carrying out liquid propellant using pressure vessel for artillery is more existing
It is real.By taking 5.56 millimeters of ammunitions as an example, shell case explosive payload is about 1.5 grams, about 1.85 milliliters of volume, it is contemplated that liquid gun propellant volume
Energy is higher than solid gun propellant, and this weapon system has higher gunpowder utilization ratio, so using 450 milliliters of pressure
Bottling liquid gunpowder can at least meet 300 times or more continuous launch requirements.
A simple estimation can be done for the pressure size for needing to maintain in bottle：
It is assumed that the firearm design firing rate is 600 hairs/minute（I.e. the rotary speed of drum cam is 600 revs/min）, then often hair is sub
It is 100 milliseconds that bullet, which averagely takes,.Shown in prior figures 6, in running fire pattern sliding block cam follower from A points to B points, cam rotation
About 90 degree of angle, therebetween EFCU will complete gunpowder injection and igniting process, the duration of ignition can be ignored, then from A to B
The time of point is about Ti=100 × 90/360=25 milliseconds.The amount of injection liquid gun propellant is C every timei=1.5 milliliters, then its flow Qi=
1.5/0.025=60 milliliters/second, by fuel jet orifice diameter Di=2 millimeters, the fuel injection speed that can be needed is Vi=4Ci/
πTi Di 2, V can be obtainedi=19.1 meter per seconds.
When solenoid valve is opened, gunpowder can be flowed into from pressure regulator through valve trepanning in the spray orifice of plunger, and by spray orifice
It is injected into combustion chamber, it is assumed that it is P that pressure regulator, which needs the constant pressure maintained,r, liquid is in pressure regulator
Flow velocity, which is believed that, is similar to 0, the pressure P of plunger spray orifice outletiIt is similar to an atmospheric pressure, ignores the influence of liquid level height difference.Root
According to bernoulli equation, then have：Pr=Pi+ρVi 2/ 2, wherein ρ are the density of liquid gun propellant, approximately take ρ=1000kg/m here3,
P can be obtained by the calculated value substitution of frontr= Pi+ 0.183MPa=0.284MPa, it can be seen that ideally PrLess than three
A atmospheric pressure even allows for the viscosity of liquid and the frictional resistance of aperture, PrOne should be may also be can in actual production
The range of implementation.
Completely there are shell bullet, the magazine of class weapon of the present invention to have the capacity of bigger since bullet volume is much smaller than
Potentiality are suitble to using drum-type magazine, drum type brake magazine.Here the present embodiment uses top dress longitudinal magazine（Top mounted
longitudinal magazine）It is referred to for special case, the magazine patent（Patent number US4905394 A）In nineteen ninety
It is issued in the U.S., alreadys exceed 20 years timeliness at present, can freely use.The magazine has simple, light and handy and large capacity spy
Point is particularly suitable for the present embodiment.There are Belgian Fabrique Nationale public currently with the weapon of this patent magazine
The P90 of production, about 28 centimetres of the magazine length used are taken charge of, capacity 50 is sent out.The bullet of about 22 centimetres of length is used in this programme
Casket, capacity can reach 60 hairs.As shown in Figure 10, the magazine is loaded above casing in this programme, and armful bullet mouth needs
It to be bored convenient for the bullet cartridge chamber that enters more reliable during being pushed into cartridge chamber there are one slightly forward angle diagonally downward
Inside face.In addition, magazine loads the P90 different from FN in the implementation case, magazine is arranged in back strap here, in this way will
The layout of handguard and guide rail is not interfered with, as shown in figure 11.
EFCU is the brain of whole system, is one of the component of this system core the most, by hardware and relevant software structure
At, hardware module block diagram is as shown in 12 figures, and software starting procedure figure is as shown in figure 13, and operational flow diagram is as shown in figure 14,
Figure 15 show EFCU shutdown process figures.In the case where having chosen to install environmental sensor, when each trigger triggers, EFCU will inspection
Firing data's parameter is surveyed, EFCU will obtain actual parameter from each environmental sensor, and determine that valve is opened by interpolation algorithm
Open the correction value of timer.
As the electronic unit that weapon uses, all electronic units and circuit are required for meeting anti-in entire embodiment
The demand of water, shock resistance and anti-electromagnetic interference.
The layout of gun entirety can be shown in reference chart 16, to be managed again using 20 inches, aluminum alloy material handguard and guide rail, work
The entire length of engineering plastics gun stock and lever, gun is no more than 790 millimeters, is highly no more than 220 millimeters, gun weight can be controlled
System is within 3.5 kilograms（Containing battery, but be free of magazine and fuel tank）.Wherein incendiary agent and oxidant tank may be used aluminium pot or
It is other pressure resistance corrosion-resistant materials be made, inside by incendiary agent and oxidant isolation load and respectively apply pressure.Tank body itself
Carry and fixation, the quick grafting valve in the outlet and firearms of incendiary agent and oxidant can be realized by the guide rail of handguard lower part
Door is connected.
The foregoing is merely the preferable implementation special cases of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, all the present invention's
Within spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of realizing that gunlock is automatic reciprocating and the method for locking in the way of electronic, which is characterized in that this method includes：
It is loaded using the automatic reciprocating realization bullet of gunlock driven electrically, gunlock block action；Power is driven to be walked using rotation
Stepper motor or linear stepping motor；It drives gunlock to realize reciprocating motion by motor driving corresponding mechanism and realizes bullet in operation
Load the locking with gunlock；By the location information of stepper motor signal acquisition gunlock and judge whether that gunlock has been latched, is closing
A series of subsequent actions such as gunpowder injection and igniting are triggered by trigger signal under lock status.
2. a kind of carrying out the straight reciprocating motion realization self-loading method of bullet using combustion chamber, which is characterized in that this method
Including：
Straight reciprocating motion is done in combustion chamber inside receiver as movable part along cartridge chamber axis, and chamber front end is convex cone
Shape, cartridge chamber use corresponding concave cone shape；Combustion chamber tapering point has coronal triangle rostellum, cartridge chamber to be kissed therewith using corresponding groove
It closes, which also enters cartridge chamber for bullet and provide guiding function, referred to herein as bullet guiding groove；Magazine embraces the axis of bullet mouth slightly
It tilts and is directed toward within cartridge chamber conical surface range；Bullet is close to outer wall of combustion chamber under magazine springs active force, between each other in friction
Sliding mode leaves cartridge chamber when combustion chamber and moves backward, and when tapered end retreats to magazine mouth rear completely, bullet will be under spring thrust
It invades in the running space of combustion chamber, when combustion chamber close to cartridge chamber direction to when moving, triangle rostellum is then by bullet from magazine
Bullet mouth to be embraced to release, bullet can slide under the action of bullet guiding groove in cartridge chamber taper surface, when bullet point just enters cartridge chamber,
Embrace bullet mouth holding capability is still maintained to bullet, by concave cone face have bootstrap ability, bullet is in combustion chamber conehead
Cartridge chamber can be advanced under squeezing certainly to complete to load.
3. a kind of method for realizing cartridge chamber and combustion chamber hermetic latch, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Combustion chamber body shape is in thick-walled tube shape, and fitting is nested with one another in fact using circular conical surface between combustion chamber and cartridge chamber faying face
Existing airtight, wherein chamber front end uses the dome conical surface, cartridge chamber to use the recessed circular conical surface being bonded with the combustion chamber conical surface；Combustion chamber master
Body is manufactured with its tapered end using different materials are nested, and combustion chamber main body uses high-strength material, combustion chamber tapered end to use elastoplasticity
High material, being deformed under combustion gas high pressure using its high elastoplasticity makes it be preferably bonded cartridge chamber conical surface guarantee air-tightness；It is firing
Room tail end is burnt there are one gear-like rotation lock, then has corresponding tooth prominent inside receiver；Rotation lock and combustion chamber are coaxial, rotate lock ring
Being sleeved on to burn can be freely rotated outside the endpiece of room around combustion chamber, and combustion chamber tail end can be limited similar to the protrusion and baffle ring of the shaft shoulder
Rotation lock is axially slided relative to combustion chamber；Casing is equipped with L-shaped guide groove, and rotation lock can be under the action of guide pin
It is moved along guide groove；When bullet loads completion, tapered end overlapping nested with cartridge chamber in combustion chamber stopped movement, and rotation lock can be after
Continue and realize rotation under the comprehensive function of guide pin and guide groove, finally makes its tooth prominent and folded with prominent cover of the tooth inside receiver
It closes, combustion chamber no longer can axially be moved forward and backward to realize locking at this time；Rotation lock tooth is dashed forward and the prominent binding face of receiver tooth
Agree with wedge shape each other, combustion chamber can be pushed to be approached as far as possible to cartridge chamber by the rotation of rotation lock, make its tapered end and cartridge chamber
The conical surface fits closely.
4. a kind of stretching into the airtight method of combustion chamber realization chamber front end using bullet taper end part, which is characterized in that
This method includes：
The aperture of chamber front end gas outlet is less than bullet diameter but is slightly greater than the diameter of bullet tail end, the gas outlet to
It is outer to need that certain bell shape is presented；In the loading process of bullet, under the extruding of head of combustion chamber, point meeting
It enters inside cartridge chamber, at the same time the tail end of bullet can partly extend into inside the gas outlet of combustion chamber to be formed certain
The air tight condition of degree.
5. a kind of realizing the airtight method of combustion chamber tail end by fixed plunger, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Cylindrical plunger and combustion chamber are coaxial, and plunger is threadedly secured on casing, and plunger is inserted into combustion chamber tail end, to each other
It is gap-matched and is formed certain air tight condition, the operation relationship of similar piston and cylinder；Combustion chamber relies on casing guide rail
Certain precision is kept to move back and forth along straight line with the guide support of plunger；After gunpowder fires, combustion chamber gas outlet
Bullet is transferred energy to, while plunger will also bear gaseous-pressure, and it is transmitted to casing.
6. a kind of method for completing gunpowder injection and igniting by fixed plunger, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Plunger axially has the deep hole of processing, which is used to installation igniter and as fuel injection hole.
7. a kind of flowing the characteristic easily leaked for liquid gun propellant, the method that injection and igniting are linked, which is characterized in that
This method includes：
Some of short duration moment that the stop of liquid gun propellant in a combustion chamber always happens after trigger is triggered；The spray of liquid gun propellant
It penetrates and igniting is implemented as linking, before wherein fuel and oxidant are injected in, igniter completes igniting transmitting rear；When trigger triggers
Signal is sent out, and is sent out the instruction injection fuel and oxidant of unlatching after judging other launching conditions from EFCU to solenoid valve again, is waited for
The moment that electromagnetic valve is closed sends firing command to igniter again and completes igniting transmitting；Fuel, oxidant injection and igniting are total
Control is taken within person's development speed, shooting is avoided to postpone.
8. a kind of design method for realizing single-shot precision fire, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Under single ignition force mode, gunlock can pass through delay appropriate and rerun to the state to locking of loading after emitting each time
And stop, waiting for trigger triggering command next time；EFCU will provide gunpowder and spray and complete igniting hair after trigger triggers again
The linkage signal penetrated, EFCU can execute the bullet for driving after the delay gunlock to carry out next time again and load locking after igniting, this prolongs
It may insure previous hair bullet from the action for carrying out gunlock after muzzle again late.
9. a kind of design method realized high speed and shoot demand, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Under more running fires and automatic fire power pattern, gunlock, which can be carried out continuously the reciprocation cycle completion block action that loads, not to be stopped, directly
It is released to the running fire number or trigger for completing determination；EFCU judges gunlock location status according to stepper motor angular displacement signal,
The instruction of gunpowder injection and igniting is provided within the appropriate period automatically according to location information；It is every what is be carried out continuously at a high speed
In primary locking cyclic process of loading, there are one time slices to ensure combustion chamber by the stationary state in locking, and at this
Between gunpowder injection and igniting transmitting are completed in section, stepper motor and other moving components begin then within the period eventually in continuous
Cycle operation state can influence Firing Velocity to avoid because frequent starting, stopping cause delay.
10. a kind of method using chip microcontroller fire control unit, which is characterized in that this method includes：
The intelligent control fire control unit of weapon is realized using microcontroller and related operation program（EFCU）, all kinds of electronic switches are such as：
Trigger, firepower mode selector switch, power selecting switch and environmental correclation sensor are as input equipment, solenoid valve, igniting
Device, gunpowder and bullet surplus indicating equipment are then used as output equipment, controllor for step-by-step motor then to have both input/output function；EFCU
Input instruction is handled by blas and result is output to corresponding output equipment.
11. a kind of passing through the method that EFCU realizes trigger function using electronic switch, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Trigger function is realized using electronic switch, is switched and is provided trigger triggering and release signal for EFCU, then by the follow-up of EFCU
Instruction controls other component actuations and completes to shoot.
12. a kind of method for realizing insurance and firepower pattern switching by EFCU using electronic switch, which is characterized in that the party
Method includes：
The firepower mode switch function of weapon, different rotary are realized using rotary band switch or the multipole switch of other forms
Insurance is respectively represented to close（Power supply is closed）, single-shot, more running fires（2 running fires or 3 running fires）And running fire firepower pattern；Trigger triggering letter
After number providing, EFCU will determine that the state determination of the firepower mode switch mode of opening fire to be exported.
Passing through EFCU 13. a kind of using electronic switch and realize the transmitting optional method of power, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Realize that the transmitting power of weapon is adjusted using rotary band switch or the multipole switch of other forms, corresponding transmitting prestige
Power can be high, medium and low and anti-riot non-lethal power；The location determination solenoid valve opening time that EFCU is switched by judgement,
Transmitting power is determined eventually by the emitted dose of control gunpowder.
14. a kind of method for realizing rifle grenade transmitting and blank cartridge transmitting by EFCU using electronic switch, which is characterized in that should
Method includes：
The howitzer of weapon is realized using electronic switch（Blank cartridge）Transmitting selection；When howitzer pattern（Blank cartridge）It opens, combustion chamber
It will be in blocking always, system will no longer carry out bullet and load action until the switch discharges.
15. a kind of method that adjustment inner trajectory adapts to environment firing data variation automatically, which is characterized in that this method includes：
Environment shooting parameter is obtained by temperature, humidity and baroceptor, EFCU judges to inquire corresponding corrected parameter, adjustment
Solenoid valve opening time and the emitted dose for changing gunpowder, ensure the consistency of outer trajectory by active accommodation inner trajectory characteristic.
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| CN111569312A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-25 | 杨根喜 | Constant-pressure spraying and mixing method and device for solid fire extinguishing composition |
| CN113646603A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2021-11-12 | 莱奥纳尔多股份公司 | Actuation system for firearm |
| CN113758365A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-07 | 唐庚华 | Electric power remote sniping gun |
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