CN108625742B - Composite glass with built-in aerogel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Composite glass with built-in aerogel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108625742B
CN108625742B CN201710162205.3A CN201710162205A CN108625742B CN 108625742 B CN108625742 B CN 108625742B CN 201710162205 A CN201710162205 A CN 201710162205A CN 108625742 B CN108625742 B CN 108625742B
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glass
aerogel
composite
low
sealing
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CN108625742A (en
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卢梦言
卢军
卢孟磊
张丁日
卢斌
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Changsha Xingna Aerogel Co ltd
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Changsha Xingna Aerogel Co ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E04C2/546—Slab-like translucent elements made of glass bricks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/02—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant
    • E04D3/06—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant of glass or other translucent material; Fixing means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/02—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant
    • E04D3/18—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant of specified materials, or of combinations of materials, not covered by any of groups E04D3/04, E04D3/06 or E04D3/16
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Abstract

The invention provides a composite glass with a built-in aerogel, which comprises a glass sealing body and a vacuum air extractor arranged on the glass sealing body, wherein the glass sealing body consists of two pieces of glass, a spacing body between the two pieces of glass and an aerogel supporting body arranged in a glass cavity, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the spacing body are connected with the two pieces of glass through low-temperature sealing materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) the manufacturing method comprises the steps of manufacturing a glass cavity body, filling a support body, sealing by fusing and vacuumizing. The composite glass with the aerogel arranged therein disclosed by the invention has better heat insulation and light transmission, and is suitable for the fields of doors and windows, curtain wall glass, daylighting roofs and the like of green buildings, ultralow-energy buildings and near-zero-energy buildings.

Description

Composite glass with built-in aerogel and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass preparation, in particular to composite glass with a built-in aerogel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, glass used for buildings is mainly used for sealing, lighting and heat preservation. However, in winter in cold areas, the heat insulation effect of glass is not ideal, and in summer in hot-summer and cold-winter areas or hot-summer and warm-winter areas, the heat insulation effect of glass is not ideal. Along with the high-speed development of economy in China, the requirements of people on life quality are higher and higher, the areas of doors, windows and glass curtain walls of buildings are larger and larger, and the proportion of heat exchange through the doors, the windows and the glass curtain walls in heat exchange between the buildings and the outside is larger and larger. In order to reduce the heat exchange through glass doors, windows and curtain walls, a plurality of heat insulation glass is developed at home and abroad in recent years, and the glass mainly comprises three types according to the structure: (1) hollow glass composed of two or more layers of ordinary glass; (2) hollow glass formed by glass plated with low-radiation films; (3) the vacuum glass is formed by a support body with a point arranged in the middle of double-layer glass and pumping negative pressure. The heat transfer coefficient of the hollow glass is high, and the sealing quality is determined by the service life of the hollow glass; the low-radiation coated glass can prevent sunlight from entering a room to the maximum extent in summer and prevent far infrared radiation from the outside to the maximum extent, but in winter needing warming, it is obviously not suitable for preventing outdoor heat energy from entering the room, and the transmittance of visible light is influenced; the vacuum glass is one of ideal energy-saving glass due to the excellent heat preservation performance and the characteristics of thinness, lightness and the like. However, due to the fact that the point supporting bodies are arranged in the vacuum cavity, local stress concentration is easy to cause, the impact resistance is reduced, potential safety hazards exist, the point supporting bodies form a thermal bridge, further reduction of the heat transfer coefficient of the vacuum glass is further limited, and the theoretical limit value cannot be reached. In addition, the increase of the thickness of the vacuum layer is beneficial to further reducing the limit level of the heat transfer coefficient, but the sealing thickness of the cavity is difficult to break through 1mm due to the limitation of the existing vacuum glass sealing technology. Therefore, there is a need to develop energy-saving glass having an energy-saving effect comparable to that of vacuum glass and higher safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the composite glass with the built-in aerogel and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the energy-saving effect can be comparable to that of vacuum glass, the safety is higher, the composite glass with the built-in aerogel produced by the preparation method has good heat insulation and heat preservation performance and light transmission performance, the safety performance is excellent, and the composite glass can be widely applied to the fields of doors and windows, curtain wall glass, lighting roofs and the like of green buildings, ultra-low energy consumption green buildings, near-zero energy consumption green buildings and the like.
The solution of the invention is: (1) and adopting a preset spacer low-temperature sealing technology. Researches find that the sealing thickness of the existing vacuum glass cavity is difficult to break through 1mm, and is mainly limited by the capillary force of a gap, the capillary force cannot meet the requirement that the molten sealing material is limited in the gap formed by two pieces of glass, the satisfactory sealing quality cannot be obtained, and the product percent of pass is low. In order to realize the sealing of the large-gap vacuum glass, the spacer is placed in the welding seam in advance, and then the sealing material is placed between the glass and the spacer, so that the sealing problem of the large-gap vacuum glass is solved. In addition, by arranging the spacing body, the mechanical property of the vacuum glass can be improved through composite strengthening. (2) Adopts a transparent heat-insulating surface support body technology. The transparent aerogel with super thermal-insulated heat preservation performance of itself is used as vacuum glass's supporter, replaces traditional some supporter, is about to traditional some support converts the face into and supports, eliminates the local stress concentration problem that produces because of some supporter from the root to show improvement intracavity negative pressure glass's security performance. In addition, the aerogel support body with ultralow heat conductivity coefficient replaces the traditional support body, and the heat conductivity of the aerogel support body can be reducedThe heat transfer coefficient limit of the vacuum glass is further reduced by a heat bridge effect caused by the traditional support body with higher heat coefficient. (3) The synergistic effect technology of aerogel and negative pressure is adopted. Generally, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel under normal pressure is in the range of 0.010-0.015W/m.k. Researches find that the synergistic effect generated by the negative pressure technology and the nanometer size of the aerogel can completely obstruct the convection heat transfer of the gas in the pores of the aerogel in the cavity, the heat conductivity coefficient of the aerogel is easily reduced to be less than 0.004W/m.k, the thickness of the aerogel is less than 5mm, and the heat insulation level of the vacuum glass (the heat transfer coefficient is about 0.5W/m) can be achieved2K) to solve the problem of thinning of energy-saving glass.
The solution of the invention is realized by the following steps: a preparation method of composite glass with an aerogel inside comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a glass cavity body, namely sealing and welding the spacing body on glass by adopting a low-temperature sealing material to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(2) filling a support body, namely filling the aerogel support body in the glass cavity;
(3) sealing by melting, namely sealing and welding the other piece of glass and the spacer on the glass cavity body by adopting a low-temperature sealing material to obtain a glass sealing body with an aerogel supporting body arranged in the cavity;
(4) and (4) vacuumizing, and exhausting the glass sealing body through a vacuum air exhaust device.
Therefore, through the steps, the aerogel composite glass which takes at least two pieces of glass as a shell, is provided with at least one sealed cavity of a vacuum air extractor and is internally provided with the aerogel support body can be obtained. The energy-saving effect of the aerogel composite glass with the built-in aerogel support body can be comparable to that of vacuum glass, and the transparent aerogel arranged in the aerogel composite glass has excellent heat insulation performance and few gas molecule convection heat phenomena caused by vacuum in the cavity, so that the obtained built-in aerogel composite glass has very excellent heat insulation performance. And the point support replacement that current vacuum glass was supported with glass's built-in aerogel supporter is for the face to support, and the security is higher, in addition, because the aerogel has better anti compressive deformation characteristic, can support effectively because of the compressive stress effect that the vacuum produced in the cavity, avoids stress concentration phenomenon simultaneously, is the super energy-conserving glass of a safe type. Therefore, the composite glass with the built-in aerogel produced by the preparation method not only has good heat insulation performance, but also has excellent safety performance, and also solves the problems that the aerogel support body is reinforced and edge-sealed by adopting a low-temperature sealing material when the thickness of the aerogel support body exceeds the thickness of the existing vacuum glass support body.
On the basis, the other technical scheme of the invention is that the surface of the glass sealing part is pretreated and moistened before the manufacturing step of the glass cavity body, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning the surface of the glass sealing part by using an acidic or alkaline solution, and coating a layer of wetting agent on the surface of the glass sealing part; the wetting agent is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, castor oil sulfate, alkyl pyridinium chloride, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ester and acetylene glycol. Thus, typically the acidic solution is H2SO4And HNO3The alkaline solution is NaOH or Na2CO3The surface of the sealing part of the glass 1 is firstly cleaned by acid solution or alkaline solution to achieve the purpose of removing oil stains and impurities, so that the next step of wetting treatment is facilitated; and then coating a layer of wetting agent on the surface of the glass sealing part after pretreatment to reduce the surface tension of the sealing part of the glass 1 so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the interface bonding strength between the glass surface and the low-temperature sealing material and further ensure the sealing property of the glass sealing part.
The surface of the glass sealing part is cleaned by acid or alkaline solution to remove oil stain and impurities, and then a layer of wetting agent is coated. Therefore, the surface tension of the glass sealing part is reduced, and the interface bonding strength between the glass surface and the low-temperature sealing material is increased.
In another technical solution of the present invention, based on the above, the shape of the aerogel support is one or more of flat plate, granule, column, and irregular body. Wherein, the abnormal shape body is a cylinder and a flat-plate integrated molding structure. So, when the aerogel supporter is the graininess, fill up the cavity in order to play the supporting role through the close processing, when the aerogel supporter is other shapes, be full of the aerogel supporter or array distribution in the glass cavity, and thickness highly suits in order to play the supporting role with the cavity, from this with itself having super thermal-insulated thermal insulation performance in built-in aerogel composite glass inner chamber, the supporter is made to large-size transparent aerogel, realize multiple modes such as face supporting, the piece supports, the post supports, diversified support, avoided the thermal bridge phenomenon that leads to because of the higher tradition point of coefficient of heat transfer aerogel supporter on the one hand, the thermal-insulated thermal insulation performance of built-in aerogel composite glass has further been improved, on the other hand has thoroughly eliminated the condition that produces stress concentration from the root, thereby show improvement built-in composite glass's security performance.
Another technical solution of the present invention is that, on the basis of the above, the aerogel support material further comprises an aerogel support or an aerogel composite support having a low-density surface layer and a high-density core. Thus, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is usually not less than 0.010W/m.k, and the heat transfer coefficient is controlled to the level of the heat transfer coefficient k of the vacuum glass (k value is about 0.5W/m.k)2K), the thickness of the traditional aerogel needs at least 15mm, the aerogel is cooperated with a negative pressure technology, the negative pressure technology and the nano size of the aerogel are implemented to generate a synergistic effect, the convection heat transfer of gas in pores of the aerogel in the cavity is completely blocked, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the aerogel is reduced to be below 0.004W/m.k, so that the thickness of the aerogel is greatly reduced, and the optimized thickness is 1 mm-5 mm. When the aerogel support body is low-density surface layer and high-density core, the aerogel support body with higher internal strength and elastic surface layer can be obtained, the requirement of slight expansion or contraction of a glass cavity caused by the ambient temperature in the use process of the glass can be met, and the excessive stress concentration of the aerogel support body is avoided; when the aerogel support body is the aerogel composite support body, the aerogel support body has good thermal insulation performance, and the compressive strength of the aerogel support body is enhanced.
Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide that, based on the above, the aerogel composite support body in the aerogel support body further includes one or two of an aerogel/glass composite support body and an aerogel/resin composite support body. So, adopt aerogel and glass or resin composite technology, by light, the transparent aerogel that itself has excellent thermal-insulated heat preservation performance, the performance of making an uproar falls in the sound insulation, the energy-absorbing characteristic is as the functional component, use glass or resin to make the binder phase, the composite support body of aerogel and glass or resin that produces, have the excellent characteristic of aerogel and the good mechanical properties of glass or resin concurrently, both had good thermal-insulated heat preservation performance on the one hand, on the other hand can obtain good security performance and sound insulation again and fall the performance of making an uproar, in addition still has good mechanical properties.
Another technical solution of the present invention is that, on the basis of the above, a method for preparing the aerogel/glass composite support body in the aerogel composite support body comprises:
(1) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel;
(2) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) and (3) molding, namely pouring the mixed glass melt obtained in the step (2) into a mold, and cooling and solidifying.
Thus, through the steps, the aerogel/glass composite support body with heat insulation and preservation performance, which is composed of the aerogel and the glass phase bonded with the aerogel, can be obtained.
On the basis, the preparation method of the aerogel/resin composite support body in the aerogel support body comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the aerogel and the resin powder;
(2) paving, namely paving a layer of mixture obtained in the step (1) on a mould substrate;
(3) melting, namely rapidly heating the resin powder in the mixture obtained in the step (2) to be molten in a step scanning mode by using a laser;
(4) and (3) alternately spreading and melting, and alternately repeating the step (2) and the step (3) on the previous deposition layer for solidification.
Thus, through the steps of mixing, paving, heating by a laser and the like, the aerogel/resin composite support body which is composed of aerogel and a resin phase bonding the aerogel and has heat insulation and preservation performance can be obtained.
On the basis, when another piece of glass is covered on the glass cavity body, the process can be finished in a vacuum environment, and the low-temperature sealing material is coated on the connecting part of the other piece of glass and the upper surface of the spacing body while being heated to be molten, so that the glass and the spacing body are completely sealed. Therefore, the sealing and welding process is carried out in a vacuum environment, the subsequent vacuumizing step can be omitted, and the vacuumizing step can be carried out again for achieving a better effect.
On the basis, a transparent adhesive is arranged between the contact surfaces of the aerogel support body and the glass. So, use transparent gluing agent can be fixed with aerogel supporter and glass internal surface connection to play better supporting role.
On the basis, the low-temperature sealing material is low-temperature glass powder or a low-temperature metal edge sealing material. Therefore, the low-temperature sealing material is adopted for sealing, so that the annealing phenomenon of toughened glass or semi-toughened glass caused by overhigh sealing temperature can be avoided, and the physical property of the toughened glass or the semi-toughened glass is reduced; the sealing welding of the glass and the spacer is realized by carrying out the melt sealing through the low-temperature glass powder or the low-temperature metal edge sealing material, and the requirement of high vacuum degree is met, so that the service life of the built-in aerogel composite glass is effectively prolonged.
On the basis, the other technical scheme of the invention is that the low-temperature metal edge sealing material in the low-temperature sealing material is one of indium, indium alloy, tin and tin alloy. Thus, the melting point of low temperature metals such as indium, indium alloys, tin alloys, etc. generally does not exceed the annealing temperature of the glass.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that on the basis, the heating mode of the low-temperature sealing material in the manufacturing step and the sealing step of the glass cavity body is a conventional heating mode or a rapid heating mode.
On the basis, the other technical scheme of the invention is that the rapid heating mode of the low-temperature sealing material in the manufacturing step and the sealing step of the glass cavity body is one of laser heating, electron beam heating and microwave heating. Thus, the low-temperature sealing material is directly and rapidly heated and melted by adopting the modes of laser heating, electron beam heating, microwave heating and the like, and the sealing of the glass is realized.
On the basis, the spacer is one of a ceramic spacer, a metal spacer and a composite material spacer. The spacer can also be a heat-insulating spacer, wherein the ceramic spacer mainly comprises a glass spacer, a traditional ceramic spacer and the like, the metal spacer mainly comprises an aluminum spacer, an aluminum alloy spacer, a stainless steel spacer and the like, and the composite material spacer mainly comprises a plastic steel spacer, an aluminum-plastic spacer, a composite adhesive tape, a glass fiber reinforced composite spacer and the like. So, because aerogel supporter thickness is thicker than traditional supporter, if use low temperature sealing material directly to two glass seal, because low temperature sealing material extension is excessive, lead to sealing edge portion gap or hourglass phenomenon to appear, influence vacuum glass's leakproofness, consequently, melt again after presetting the interval body between two glass and seal, can solve on the one hand because the sealing problem that low temperature sealing material extension excessively arouses, on the other hand can also play main supporting role, reduce the stress of aerogel supporter and concentrate excessively, negative pressure glass's bending resistance has further been improved, compressive strength.
On the basis, the surface of the glass sealing part is pretreated and wetted before the manufacturing step of the glass cavity body, and a transparent adhesive is arranged between the contact surface of the aerogel support body and the glass, so that the interface bonding strength between the glass surface and the low-temperature sealing material is increased, and the connection and fixation between the aerogel support body and the inner surface of the glass are also increased, so that a better effect is achieved.
According to another technical scheme, the composite glass with the aerogel inside comprises a glass sealing body and a vacuum air extractor arranged on the glass sealing body, wherein the glass sealing body is composed of two pieces of glass, a spacing body between the two pieces of glass and an aerogel supporting body arranged in a glass cavity, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the spacing body are connected with the two pieces of glass through low-temperature sealing materials.
On the basis of the above, the vacuum pumping device is located at one corner of the front surface of the glass or one corner of the end part of the spacing body. Therefore, the vacuum air extractor is usually arranged on the front surface of the glass, and can also be arranged on one corner of the end part of the spacing body so as to achieve the purpose of not influencing the mechanical property of the spacing body and the appearance of the glass.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that on the basis, the aerogel support body and the glass are connected through a transparent adhesive.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 to 8 are sectional views of a composite glass with aerogel embedded therein according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
1-glass; 2-an aerogel support; 21-adhesive; 3-a spacer; 4-low temperature sealing material; 5-vacuum air-pumping device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration and explanation only and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Furthermore, features from embodiments in this document and from different embodiments may be combined accordingly by a person skilled in the art from the description in this document.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of composite glass with a built-in aerogel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) heating to melt the low-temperature sealing material 4, and sealing and welding the lower surface of the spacer 3 on the surface of the glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity;
(2) then filling the aerogel support body 2 in the glass cavity;
(3) covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, and sealing and welding the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the spacing body 3 by adopting a low-temperature sealing material 4 while heating to be molten;
(4) the air is evacuated by a vacuum evacuation device 5 and then sealed with a plug.
Thus, through the above steps, an aerogel composite glass can be obtained, which has at least two pieces of glass 1 as a housing, a sealed cavity with at least one vacuum pumping device 5, and an aerogel support body 2 disposed in the cavity, as shown in fig. 1. The energy-saving effect of the aerogel composite glass with the built-in aerogel support body 2 can be comparable to that of vacuum glass, and the transparent aerogel arranged in the aerogel composite glass has excellent heat insulation performance and few gas molecule convection heat phenomena caused by vacuum in the cavity, so that the obtained aerogel composite glass has very excellent heat insulation performance. And the point support replacement that current vacuum glass was supported with glass 1 to built-in aerogel supporter 2 is for the face to support, and the security is higher, in addition, because the aerogel has better anti compressive deformation characteristic, can support effectively because of the compressive stress effect that the vacuum produced in the cavity, avoids the stress concentration phenomenon simultaneously, is the super energy-conserving glass of a safe type. Therefore, the composite glass with the built-in aerogel produced by the preparation method not only has good heat insulation performance, but also has excellent safety performance, and also solves the problems that the aerogel support body is reinforced and edge-sealed by adopting a low-temperature sealing material when the thickness of the aerogel support body exceeds the thickness of the existing vacuum glass support body.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the glass cavity body manufacturing step further includes a pretreatment and a wetting treatment of the surface of the sealing portion of the glass 1,the method specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning the surface of the glass sealing part by using an acidic or alkaline solution, and coating a layer of wetting agent on the surface of the glass 1 sealing part; the wetting agent is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, castor oil sulfate, alkyl pyridinium chloride, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ester and acetylene glycol. Thus, typically the acidic solution is H2SO4And HNO3The alkaline solution is NaOH or Na2CO3The surface of the sealing part of the glass 1 is firstly cleaned by acid solution or alkaline solution to achieve the purpose of removing oil stains and impurities, so that the next step of wetting treatment is facilitated; and then coating a layer of wetting agent on the surface of the sealing part of the glass 1 after pretreatment to reduce the surface tension of the sealing part of the glass 1 so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the interface bonding strength between the surface of the glass 1 and the low-temperature sealing material 4 and further ensure the sealing property of the sealing part of the glass 1.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel support 2 is one or more of flat plate, granular, column, and irregular shapes. Wherein, the abnormal shape body is a cylinder and a flat-plate integrated molding structure. So, when aerogel supporter 2 is the graininess, the cavity is filled up in order to play the supporting role through the close processing, when aerogel supporter 2 is other shapes, be full of aerogel supporter 2 or array distribution in the glass cavity, and thickness highly suits in order to play the supporting role with the cavity, from this with itself having super thermal-insulated thermal insulation performance in built-in aerogel composite glass inner chamber, the supporter is made to large-size transparent aerogel, realize multiple modes such as face support, the piece supports, the post supports, diversified support, avoided the thermal bridge phenomenon that leads to because of the higher tradition point supporter of coefficient of heat transfer on the one hand, the thermal-insulated thermal insulation performance of built-in aerogel composite glass has further been improved, on the other hand from the root thoroughly eliminated the condition that produces stress concentration, thereby show improvement built-in aerogel composite glass's security performance.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the inventionIn another embodiment, the aerogel support 2 material further comprises an aerogel support or aerogel composite support having a low density skin and a high density core. Thus, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is usually not less than 0.010W/m.k, and the heat transfer coefficient is controlled to the level of the heat transfer coefficient k of the vacuum glass (k value is about 0.5W/m.k)2K), the thickness of the traditional aerogel needs at least 15mm, the aerogel is cooperated with a negative pressure technology, the negative pressure technology and the nano size of the aerogel are implemented to generate a synergistic effect, the convection heat transfer of gas in pores of the aerogel in the cavity is completely blocked, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the aerogel is reduced to be below 0.004W/m.k, so that the thickness of the aerogel is greatly reduced, and the optimized thickness is 1 mm-5 mm. When the aerogel support body is low-density surface layer and high-density core, the aerogel support body with higher internal strength and elastic surface layer can be obtained, the requirement of slight expansion or contraction of a glass cavity caused by the ambient temperature in the use process of the glass can be met, and the excessive stress concentration of the aerogel support body is avoided; when the aerogel support body is the aerogel composite support body, the aerogel support body has good thermal insulation performance, and the compressive strength of the aerogel support body is enhanced.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the aerogel composite support body of the aerogel support body 2 includes one or both of an aerogel/glass composite support body and an aerogel/resin composite support body. So, adopt aerogel and glass or resin composite technology, by light, the transparent aerogel that itself has excellent thermal-insulated heat preservation performance, the performance of making an uproar falls in the sound insulation, the energy-absorbing characteristic is as the functional component, use glass or resin to make the binder phase, the composite support body of aerogel and glass or resin that produces, have the excellent characteristic of aerogel and the good mechanical properties of glass or resin concurrently, both had good thermal-insulated heat preservation performance on the one hand, on the other hand can obtain good security performance and sound insulation again and fall the performance of making an uproar, in addition still has good mechanical properties.
Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing the aerogel/glass composite support in the aerogel composite support comprises:
(1) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel;
(2) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) and (3) molding, namely pouring the mixed glass melt obtained in the step (2) into a mold, and cooling and solidifying.
Thus, through the steps, the aerogel/glass composite support body with heat insulation and preservation performance, which is composed of aerogel and glass bonding phase, can be obtained. The step (2) in the preparation method can be paving, namely placing the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a mould; then, the step (3) is melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture to be melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt, and cooling and solidifying; a clarification process is also included after the melting step and before the forming step; the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass bonding phase is 0.1-9: 1; the aerogel has the characteristics of internal hydrophobicity and surface hydrophilicity; the shape of the aerogel is one of block, particle and powder.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the aerogel/resin composite support body comprises:
(1) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the aerogel and the resin powder;
(2) paving, namely paving a layer of mixture obtained in the step (1) on a mould substrate;
(3) melting, namely rapidly heating the resin powder in the mixture obtained in the step (2) to be molten in a step scanning mode by using a laser;
(4) and (3) alternately spreading and melting, and alternately repeating the step (2) and the step (3) on the previous deposition layer for solidification.
Thus, through the steps of mixing, paving, heating by a laser and the like, the aerogel/resin composite support body with heat insulation and preservation performance, which is composed of aerogel and a resin binder phase, can be obtained. Wherein the alternating spreading and melting steps are performed before the resin in the melting step is cured; the alternating spreading and melting step is carried out after the resin in the melting step is solidified; the volume ratio of the aerogel to the resin powder is 0.1-9: 1; the aerogel has the characteristics of internal hydrophobicity and surface hydrophilicity; the shape of the aerogel is one of block, particle and powder; the resin is a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, when another piece of glass 1 is covered on the glass cavity body, the process can be completed in a vacuum environment, and the low-temperature sealing material 4 is coated on the joint between the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the spacer 3 while being heated to be molten, so that the glass 1 and the spacer 3 are completely sealed. Therefore, the sealing and welding process is carried out in a vacuum environment, the subsequent vacuumizing step can be omitted, and the vacuumizing step can be carried out again for achieving a better effect.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a transparent adhesive 21 may be disposed between the contact surfaces of the aerogel support 2 and the glass 1. Therefore, the transparent adhesive 21 can be used for fixedly connecting the aerogel support body 2 with the inner surface of the glass 1 so as to play a better supporting role.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature sealing material 4 is low-temperature glass frit or a low-temperature metal edge sealing material. Therefore, the low-temperature sealing material 4 is adopted for sealing, so that the annealing phenomenon of toughened glass or semi-toughened glass caused by overhigh sealing temperature can be avoided, and the physical property of the toughened glass or the semi-toughened glass is reduced; the sealing welding of the glass 1 and the spacing body 3 is realized by carrying out the melt sealing through the low-temperature glass powder or the low-temperature metal edge sealing material, and the requirement of high vacuum degree is met, so that the service life of the built-in aerogel composite glass is effectively prolonged.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature metal edge sealing material in the low-temperature sealing material is one of indium, indium alloy, tin, and tin alloy. Thus, the melting point of low temperature metals such as indium, indium alloys, tin alloys, etc. generally does not exceed the annealing temperature of the glass.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the heating mode of the low-temperature sealing material in the manufacturing step and the sealing step of the glass cavity body is a conventional heating mode or a rapid heating mode.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the rapid heating mode of the low-temperature sealing material in the manufacturing step and the sealing step of the glass cavity body is one of laser heating, electron beam heating, and microwave heating. Thus, the low-temperature sealing material 4 is directly and rapidly heated and melted by adopting the modes of laser heating, electron beam heating, microwave heating and the like, and the sealing of the glass is realized.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the spacer 3 is one of a ceramic spacer, a metal spacer and a composite material spacer. The spacer can also be a heat-insulating spacer, wherein the ceramic spacer mainly comprises a glass spacer, a traditional ceramic spacer and the like, the metal spacer mainly comprises an aluminum spacer, an aluminum alloy spacer, a stainless steel spacer and the like, and the composite material spacer mainly comprises a plastic steel spacer, an aluminum-plastic spacer, a composite adhesive tape, a glass fiber reinforced composite spacer and the like. So, because 2 thickness of aerogel supporter are thicker than traditional supporter, if use low temperature sealing material 4 directly to two glass 1 seal, because low temperature sealing material 4 extension is excessive, lead to sealing edge portion gap or hourglass phenomenon to appear, influence vacuum glass's leakproofness, therefore, preset between two glass 1 after the interval body 3 and carry out the melt seal again, can solve the sealing problem that causes because low temperature sealing material 4 extension is excessive on the one hand, on the other hand can also play main supporting role, reduce aerogel supporter 2's stress and excessively concentrate, negative pressure glass's bending resistance has further been improved, compressive strength.
In another embodiment of the invention, the composite glass with the aerogel inside comprises the glass sealing body and a vacuum air extractor 5 arranged on the glass sealing body, wherein the glass sealing body is composed of two pieces of glass 1, a spacing body 3 arranged between the two pieces of glass 1 and an aerogel supporting body 2 arranged in a glass cavity, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the spacing body 3 are connected with the two pieces of glass 1 through a low-temperature sealing material 4.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum pumping device 5 is located on one corner of the front surface of the glass 1 or one corner of the end of the spacer 3. Thus, the vacuum pumping device 5 is usually disposed on the front surface of the glass 1, and may be disposed on a corner of the end portion of the spacer 3, so as to achieve the purpose of not affecting the mechanical properties of the spacer 3 and the appearance of the glass.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel support and the glass are connected by a transparent adhesive.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealing part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an acid solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant;
(2) heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten and coating the low-temperature sealing material on the lower surface of the spacing body 3 to seal and weld the low-temperature sealing material on the surface of one piece of glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(3) then filling the flat-plate aerogel support body 2 into the glass cavity, wherein the aerogel support body 2 is the aerogel support body 2 with a low-density surface layer and a high-density core part;
(4) covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten while coating the low-temperature sealing material at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the spacing body 3, and completely sealing the glass 1 and the spacing body 3;
(5) the glass sealing body is vacuumized, air is extracted through a vacuum air extractor 5 to generate certain negative pressure, and then the glass sealing body is sealed through a plug.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 1.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) the aerogel/glass composite support body is prepared by the following preparation method: (a) uniformly mixing the glass powder with the aerogel; (b) heating the glass powder in the mixture to be molten to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt; (c) pouring the obtained mixed solution into a mold of the column, and cooling and solidifying to obtain the aerogel/glass composite support body of the column;
(2) performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealing part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an alkaline solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant;
(3) heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten and coating the low-temperature sealing material on the lower surface of the spacing body 3 to seal and weld the low-temperature sealing material on the surface of one piece of glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(4) laying transparent adhesives at the bottoms and the tops of the plurality of cylindrical aerogel supports 2, and then arranging and fastening the transparent adhesives on the glass surface in an array manner;
(5) covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten while coating the low-temperature sealing material at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the spacing body 3, and completely sealing the glass 1 and the spacing body 3;
(6) the glass sealing body is vacuumized, air is extracted through a vacuum air extractor 5 to generate certain negative pressure, and then the glass sealing body is sealed through a plug.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 2.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) the aerogel/resin composite support body is prepared by the following preparation method: (a) uniformly mixing the aerogel and the resin powder; (b) laying a layer of mixture on the mould substrate; (c) rapidly heating the resin powder in the paved mixture to be molten in a step scanning mode by using a laser; (d) alternately repeating the steps (b) and (c) on the previous deposition layer according to the shape of the input special-shaped aerogel support body, and curing to obtain the special-shaped aerogel/resin composite support body;
(2) performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealed part of the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an acid solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant dialkyl sulfosuccinate;
(3) heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten and coating the low-temperature sealing material on the lower surface of the spacing body 3 to seal and weld the low-temperature sealing material on the surface of one piece of glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(4) then filling the special-shaped aerogel support body 2 into the glass cavity;
(5) covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten while coating the low-temperature sealing material at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the spacing body 3, and completely sealing the glass 1 and the spacing body 3;
(6) the glass sealing body is vacuumized, air is extracted through a vacuum air extractor 5 to generate certain negative pressure, and then the glass sealing body is sealed through a plug.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 3.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealed part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an alkaline solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant castor oil sulfate;
(2) heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten and coating the low-temperature sealing material on the lower surface of the spacing body 3 to seal and weld the low-temperature sealing material on the surface of one piece of glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(3) then filling the granular aerogel support body 2 into the whole glass cavity through dense treatment;
(4) and in a vacuum environment, covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature sealing material 4 to be molten, and coating the low-temperature sealing material at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the spacing body 3 to completely seal the glass 1 and the spacing body 3.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 4.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealed part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an acidic solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant polyoxyethylene alkyl ether;
(2) heating the low-temperature glass powder 4 to be molten and coating the low-temperature glass powder on the lower surface of the ceramic spacer 3 to seal and weld the ceramic spacer on the surface of the glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(3) then arranging the cylinder aerogel support bodies 2 in the glass cavity in an array mode, paving transparent adhesives at the bottom and the top of the cylinder aerogel support bodies 2, and fastening the cylinder aerogel support bodies on the surface of the glass;
(4) and in a vacuum environment, covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature glass powder 4 to be molten, and coating the low-temperature glass powder at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the ceramic spacing body 3 to completely seal the glass 1 and the ceramic spacing body 3.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 5.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) the aerogel/glass composite support body is prepared by the following preparation method: (a) uniformly mixing the glass powder with the aerogel; (b) heating the glass powder in the mixture to be molten to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt; (c) pouring the obtained mixed solution into a flat-plate-shaped mold, and cooling and solidifying to obtain a flat-plate-shaped aerogel/glass composite support body;
(2) carrying out pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealed part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an alkaline solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ester;
(3) heating low-temperature metal indium 4 to be molten by laser, coating the molten metal indium on the lower surface of the composite material spacer 3, and sealing and welding the composite material spacer on the surface of a piece of glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(4) filling the flat aerogel support body 2 into the glass cavity;
(5) covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature metal indium 4 to be molten by using laser while coating the low-temperature metal indium at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the composite material spacing body 3, and completely sealing the glass 1 and the ceramic spacing body 3;
(6) the glass sealing body is vacuumized, air is extracted through a vacuum air extractor 5 to generate certain negative pressure, and then the glass sealing body is sealed through a plug.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 1.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealing part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an acidic solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant acetylene glycol;
(2) heating the low-temperature metal indium alloy 4 to be molten by using electron beams, coating the molten metal indium alloy on the lower surface of the metal spacer 3, and sealing and welding the metal spacer on the surface of the glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity;
(3) laying a transparent adhesive on the glass surface at the bottom of the glass cavity, and then filling the granular aerogel support body 2 into the whole glass cavity through compact treatment;
(4) covering another glass 1 with transparent adhesive laid on the lower surface on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature metal indium alloy 4 to be molten by using an electron beam, and coating the low-temperature metal indium alloy at the joint of the other glass 1 and the upper surface of the metal spacer 3 to completely seal the glass 1 and the metal spacer 3;
(5) the glass sealing body is vacuumized, air is extracted through a vacuum air extractor 5 to generate certain negative pressure, and then the glass sealing body is sealed through a plug.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 6.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) the aerogel/resin composite support body is prepared by the following preparation method: (a) uniformly mixing the aerogel and the resin powder; (b) laying a layer of mixture on the mould substrate; (c) rapidly heating the resin powder in the paved mixture to be molten in a step scanning mode by using a laser; (d) and (c) alternately repeating the step (b) and the step (c) on the previous deposition layer according to the shape of the input flat aerogel support body, and curing to obtain the flat aerogel/resin composite support body.
(2) Performing pretreatment and wetting treatment on the surface of the sealing part at the edge of the glass 1, namely cleaning by using an alkaline solution, and then coating a layer of lubricant sodium dodecyl sulfate;
(3) heating the low-temperature glass powder 4 by microwave until the low-temperature glass powder is melted, coating the low-temperature glass powder on the lower surface of the composite material spacing body 3, and sealing and welding the low-temperature glass powder on the surface of one piece of glass 1 close to the edge to obtain an open glass cavity body; (ii) a
(4) Laying transparent adhesives at the bottom and the top of the flat-plate aerogel support body 2, filling the flat-plate aerogel support body 2 into the glass cavity, and fastening the glass cavity on the surface of glass;
(5) in a vacuum environment, covering another piece of glass 1 on the glass cavity body, heating the low-temperature glass powder 4 to be molten by using microwave, and coating the low-temperature glass powder at the joint of the other piece of glass 1 and the upper surface of the composite material spacer 3 to completely seal the glass 1 and the metal spacer 3.
The structural cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass built-in obtained through the above steps is shown in fig. 7.
In another embodiment of the invention, the composite glass with the aerogel inside comprises the glass sealing body and a vacuum air extractor 5 arranged on the glass sealing body, wherein the glass sealing body consists of two pieces of glass 1, a spacing body 3 between the two pieces of glass 1 and an aerogel supporting body 2 arranged in a glass cavity, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the spacing body 3 are connected with the two pieces of glass 1 through a low-temperature sealing material 4; wherein the vacuum suction device 5 is positioned on one corner of the front surface of the glass 1 or one corner of the end of the spacing body 3, as shown in fig. 1 and 8.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the composite glass with the aerogel inside is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing an aerogel-glass composite support: a, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel; b, melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step a to be melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt; c, molding, namely pouring the mixed glass melt obtained in the step b into a mold, and cooling and solidifying;
(2) preparing an aerogel-resin composite support body: i, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing aerogel and resin powder; ii, paving a layer of the mixture obtained in the step i on a mould substrate; iii, melting, namely rapidly heating the resin powder in the mixture obtained in the step ii to be molten by using a laser in a step scanning manner; iv alternately spreading and melting, and alternately repeating steps ii and iii on the previous deposition layer, and solidifying;
(3) the pretreatment and the wetting treatment of the surface of the glass sealing part specifically comprise the following steps: cleaning the surface of a glass sealing part by using an acidic or alkaline solution, and coating a layer of wetting agent on the surface of the glass sealing part, wherein the wetting agent is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, castor oil sulfate, alkyl pyridinium chloride, alkylphenol ethoxylates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ester and acetylene glycol;
(4) manufacturing a glass cavity body, namely sealing and welding the spacing body on glass by adopting a low-temperature sealing material to obtain an open glass cavity body;
(5) filling a support body, namely filling the aerogel support body in the glass cavity; wherein the aerogel support body also comprises an aerogel composite support body with a low-density surface layer and a high-density core part, and the aerogel composite support body comprises the aerogel-glass composite support body and the aerogel-resin composite support body prepared in the steps (1) and (2);
(6) sealing by melting, namely sealing and welding the other piece of glass and the spacer on the glass cavity body by adopting a low-temperature sealing material to obtain a glass sealing body with an aerogel supporting body arranged in the cavity;
(7) vacuumizing, and exhausting the glass sealing body through a vacuum air exhaust device;
the aerogel support body is in the shape of more than one of a flat plate, a particle, a cylinder and a special-shaped body.
2. The method for preparing the aerogel composite glass with an internal structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (6) is performed in a vacuum environment, and then the step of vacuumizing step (7) is not performed or the step of vacuumizing step (7) is performed.
3. The method for preparing the composite glass with the built-in aerogel according to claim 1, wherein a transparent adhesive is arranged between the contact surfaces of the aerogel support and the glass.
4. The method for preparing the composite glass with the built-in aerogel according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature sealing material is low-temperature glass powder or a low-temperature metal edge sealing material, and the low-temperature metal edge sealing material is one of indium, indium alloy, tin and tin alloy.
5. The method for preparing the composite glass with the built-in aerogel according to claim 1, wherein the heating mode of the low-temperature sealing material in the step (4) and the step (6) is a conventional heating mode or a rapid heating mode, and the rapid heating mode is one of laser heating, electron beam heating and microwave heating; the spacer is one of a ceramic spacer, a metal spacer and a composite spacer.
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